Urban Agriculture Casablanca Multifunctionality in urban agriculture

Transcription

1 Urban Agriculture Casablanca Multifunctionality in urban agriculture Resilient Cities 2011, Bonn Germany 3-5 June 2011 Session: Urban agriculture, climate change and food security: Responses in northern and southern cities Andrea Rau certified landscape planner Christoph Kasper certified landscape planner graphic Kasper

2 graphic UAC Urban Agriculture as an Integrative Factor of Climate-Optimised Urban Development, Casablanca research project: Urban Agriculture as an Integrative Factor of Climate-Optimised Urban Development, Casablanca Urbane Landwirtschaft als integrierter Faktor einer klimaoptimierten Stadtentwicklung, Casablanca Agriculture Urbaine comme facteur intégratif d un développement urbain optimisé au climat, Casablanca Funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)

3 Project: Urban Agriculture as an Integrative Factor of Climate-Optimised Urban Development, Casablanca / Morocco Project Period: (6 years) Homepage: Research Programme: Research for Sustainable Development of the Megacities of Tomorrow Energy- and climate-efficient structures in urban growth centres Homepage:

4 graphic UAC

5 The region of Grand Casablanca is an EMERGING megacity Population: 1970 : 1.5 Mio : 3.6 Mio : up to 7 Mio. Sources: RGPH 2004, UN-HABITAT Area: 1,214 square kilometers Economy: 60 % of Morocco s industry is based in Casablanca Google maps

6 research: 1. interdisciplinary 2. transdisciplinary 3. cross-cultural 4. action research graphic Rau

7 Our research questions: -To what extent can Urban Agriculture play a significant role in adapting to the consequences of climate change, in climate protection, and in energy efficiency, which represent amongst Morocco s greatest economic and ecological challenges? -To what extent is Urban Agriculture an innovative strategy for the sustainable land conservation of urban open space? -To what extent can Urban Agriculture contribute to the struggle against poverty? - How can Urban Agriculture be integrated as a vital element of urban development in accordance with local conditions?

8 Climate variability and climate change directly affect both UA and urban development. Three major thematic fields have been identified: 1. UA: a) limitations in water resources and inefficient use of water; b) N2O emissions from agricultural soils. 2. Urban development: a) heat stress in dense urban quarters lacking green space; b) CO2 emissions from the conventional systems used for cooling buildings, in combination with insufficient use of renewable energies. 3. Settlements and Urban Agriculture in areas with a high risk of flooding.

9 Macro Level scenarios Micro Level pilot projects

10 The interdisciplinary scenarios integrate 7 sectoral conceptions of the future: - urban economy and land use - open space - water - food and agriculture - energy - regional climate - migration Creation of two alternative scenarios a positive and a negative version of the possible future depending on the choices made today.

11 negative Szenario - Low food sovereignty - city region is dependent on the food supply from other regions in the world

12 positive Szenario - the strengthening of food sovereignty due to the regional food production - wastewater treatment and reuse in agriculture that allow for the securing of the water supply for all users - a stabilization or even decrease of the greenhouse gas production per capita and a reduction of the climate vulnerability - Investments in water management systems and the implementation of multiple water cycles allow for an adaption of the agricultural production to droughts and dry seasons

13 9 spatial categories form the possible green productive infrastructur of Grand Casablanca. The categories range from inner-city micro areas and districts to expansive areas of intense production on the urban periphery.

14 Pilot projects Mikro-Level Four different aspects of urban agriculture demonstrate the potential synergies - locale Partners - moroccan scientists - german scientists

15 four pilot projects

16 Four different aspects of urban agriculture PP1: Industry and UA PP2: Informal settlement and UA PP3: Peri-urban Tourism and UA PP4: Healthy Food Production and UA

17 Four different aspects of urban agriculture PP2: Informal settlement and UA suburbia transformation processes, Social network, School garden, Community garden, Constructed wetland Graphic Kasper

18 Casablanca, suburbia informal settlement bidonville Graphic Rau

19 Casablanca, suburbia Graphic Rau informal settlement and housing construction

20 Four different aspects of urban agriculture PP4: Healthy Food Production and Urban agriculture Axis 1: awareness raising Axis 2: Training Axis 3:Marketing and transferability Graphic UAC

21 Four different aspects of urban agriculture PP4: Healthy Food Production and Urban agriculture organic farming Food baskets label Graphic UAC

22 Assumption: Urban agriculture - contributes to achieve food security for the urban poor - reduces vulnerability to climate induced risks and - improves the urban environment Casablanca as a Model City for Urban Agriculture

23 Thank you for your attention! Graphic Rau

24 Kontakt: Andrea Rau ZEWK / kubus - Cooperation and Consulting for Environmental Questions Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. FR 7-1, Franklinstr , Berlin andrea.rau@tu-berlin.de fon +49 (0) fax +49 (0) Christoph Kasper Chair of Landscape Architecture/Open Space Planning Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. GOR 1-1, Salzufer 12, Berlin Christoph.kasper@tu-berlin.de fon +49 (0) fax +49 (0)