в вп бд в бдв бдви I. Mбдвивп б вов игб йке еёбєбю б бю вп бдвивп бдв бд appleoв appleoв

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1 в бдв бд BOб O б б б O, 14: , 2002 б вов игб йке еёбєбю б бю в вп бд в бдв бдви I. Mбдвивп еь в бдв бд бє б.в.., воoooo б б в б, бд в. йк appleooвп в oви o вл ooбдo o oappleoo, fiбд appleoйеoв бдapplefi o fi- бд, appleo бд в oви в бд йеfi бдappleoв бд applefi йебдappleбд бд в appleбдйеoo бдвпбд-, в ooappleбд в бд oви. е бд appleooвп в oви бдappleoв - в o в бдo oви бдйеappleoви бд бд. йкfio fi бд вибдбд fiбд в oви appleo appleo- вп йе бд в вибдfiвп oви бд oви вибд бд бд йебдappleв oви fioви. в бдбдfiapple бдви appleoo бдбдв бд appleo applefiбд бдapplefi бд бдвп fi в в oви бдйеappleoви бд бд влбд. б apple вивлoв бд бдвпбд appleoo бд o appleйебдo бдo в вп бдви. б в -в вп: appleвп, в бд, вп бдбд Mavromichalis I. Probiotics and their clinical applications. еьб Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University, Aв EPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. Paediatr N Gr 2002, 14: Probiotics have been defined most recently as living microorganisms which, upon ingestion in certain numbers, may have a role in the prevention and treatment of a specific pathologic condition by improving the intestinal microbial balance of the host. They have been part of human nutrition for centuries, but in recent years they have been more closely studied for their potential to improve health and to treat disease. This review of probiotics is highlighting knowledge recent derived from well controlled clinical studies in both animals and humans. The safety issues are also discussed as well as potential mechanisms of action. Key words: probiotics, intestinal flora, intestinal disorders игoooвп, бп в бд o впoo, виappleвп- oви вп в бдoв o бдйеfi бд в йе oбд в бд бдв oвпoви, appleoв бд appleбдв o в oви1. е o в o fi oви бдfioви бдappleoappleв в бд appleoв appleoo ooв бд o oappleoo apple- бдвп o fi ofio бд appleвп бдapplefi 400 в бдв бд oappleoбд бд бд- впбд бдв oви. втo впйеappleo в бд виappleвп appleв в в бд oв applefi- бд в бдбд бдappleбп fi, бд o в oo вивп- o бдйеappleo бд (10 14 в бд ). е бд вп бдвивп бдв бд appleoв appleoв oви2, fiapple: 1) в бдappleoв бд appleoбдoв appleв oв вив бдбдйевп oappleo в вив oв oбд бд в бдappleooбд o applefi в o, 2) appleбдappleoв влoви o бдappleofi бдapplefi вп- ви appleбдйеfiви бдв, 3) вийевлoви fiбд, 4) бдappleoвив в oви бд o- вп oв бд бд appleoвпoви o-appleбд ви- ooбд, 5) oви в вибдбд бд- fiвл, 6) appleoвлoви - - бдoвп бд в бдappleoвп o впбд fi- бдбд, 7) appleбдвпoви бд бд бдвиoв appleбд-

2 в бдв бд Bбюб бю б б б бю, 14, впo бд бд вп в бдбд oви бд 8) appleoбдoв бд бд в в oви oв бдooappleooв вибдo. в oбд в бд oви appleбдв o в oви oви бдйеappleoви бдappleoвпбд бдвп в в бдвпappleo oви oappleoв виoв. б appleв в бд oви fiappleoви бд appleбдfioбд oви appleбдв o в oви, в бд oви в oви бд appleбдfioбд в бд. еьв o appleoви в бд бдбд o вивп в в бд appleoooвпвлoвибд в бд oви ooo- бдoв appleвпoo бд бдвп вив appleбд - в бд o бдви appleo бд в бдв бдapplefi в бд (в. 1) 3. б appleбдooв йе бдбд- appleв oбд в бдoв в йе в бдв appleoви бдйеoвлoбд вив бдapplefi o в o в бдo. б бд appleбдвпв бд, в бд йебдвлfi вибдбд бдapplefi бд bifidobacteria, appleoви в бдв oбд oappleoappleoв o впбд бдвп- в бд бд appleo appleoв appleo бд вибдбд бдapplefi bifidobacteria, bacteroides, clostridia бд streptococci. игвп o бдappleoбдбдfi, - в бд appleoви в бдбд appleoooвпвл oви бд бдfioви бд вибдбд бдapplefi bacteroides. в бдapplefiв fi oбд в бд oви - в oви бд в бд appleoвив бдo appleбдвпoбд appleoви appleoвп o fi бдвиfi бдfi, в - fio o appleofi fio бд o appleofi - в бдв o бд йебдappleви oappleo appleoo 4. е бд appleooвп бд вл - ooбдo appleoви fiбд appleoйеoв appleo бд в oви в бд йеfi бдappleoв бд applefi йе- бдappleбд бд в appleбдйеoo бдвпбд в - ooappleбд в бд5. O fio appleooвп appleoвпйе, бд- в бдбд 1. в oв бд oви в oви бєoo в appleo ooбд б fiбд виappleoвп бдfiбд (facultative): Enterobacteria, streptococci Afiбд: Bacteroides, bifidobacteria and clostridia Eappleв вп o бдappleofi е fiappleo ooв (виoofi в бд бдбд) е fiappleo (fi йебдfi в бд в бдo ) еьбдйеfi бдвпappleви бд (бдбдappleвив в бд бдбдappleвиfi бд) б o oвпв бд бд oбд вп, бдapplefi oви Lilly бд Stillwell o 1965, бд бд - oappleoйе бд oви appleoви виooв бдвпappleви ooбд O Fuller, бдfiбд o 1991, fi appleoofi в бд влбдfi oбдfi ви- appleбд o o oappleoo appleвпвл ви- вп o бдйеappleo oбдfi в oви oбд ooappleбд. в вп- appleo бдви, fio, в бд в бд. вт бдв oви 20 oви бдбд, o o oofio Elie Metchinkoff виappleo fi applefi бдбдo- o appleoвкfi, appleoви в oви виappleo влв, бд в бд ooappleбд бдв appleбдйеofi- бд appleбдйеofi ooбд, fi oви бдвиoв oви в oви, appleo бд бдappleo oвивп- o бд бд бдofiбд oв йе oвпв. еьв бдбд бдoвпв fiбд apple бдapplefi o Metchinkoff, o впйеappleo бд fioви вибд в бд бдoв бд в appleбд впбд, appleoви виappleo влв 6,7. е бд appleo вивп oappleooв бд appleooвп бд бд бдв бд бд appleбдвпoбд бдбдfi oв. втбп бдвивп appleбдвпoбд o Lactobacilli, o Lactococci, o Streptococci.вп. б fi бдapplefi oви appleбдбдappleвп ooбдoв бд впo - ooбдo в в бд fi в oви йебдappleвив в вибдfi (в. 2) 5. е бд бд appleo appleoo 4 apple- бдвпoви бд бдfioвийебд: 1) o в o йебд appleв apple бд бд бдйеapple appleoв ви, 2) бдбдв бд- вп oappleo oви o впйеappleo, 3) бдйе- fi o oв бд o бд 4) бд appleooвпбд appleвпбд appleйебд вивп oви ofioви oви в oви. илoви бдбдйе в бд- oв в вибдfi appleofi apple appleйебд вивп бд бд в бдйев бд appleooвп в oви бдoйе в бд бдви в fi- бд. бд appleв apple бд o fi бд appleo вивп - oappleooв бд в appleoo бд o Lactobacilli бд бд Bifidobacteria. игбдв appleйебд бд в вп в бдбд 2. в ooвп appleбдв бд вп бдappleo- в бдбд Lactobacillus GG Bifidobacterium longum Lactobacillus acidophilus Lactobacillus plantarum 299V Bifidobacterium bifidum Streptococcus thermophilus Enterococcus faecium SF68 Saccharomyces boulardii

3 270 в бдв бд Bбюб бю б б б бю, 14, 3 appleoo бд: 1) appleoбд oви oв бдвиoв бдoв бдappleoбдвпбд o ви- oofi бдвив в бдappleбдfi- бд бд в бдбдбдв ooappleбд - в бд, 2) appleoбд в бдfiбд бдoвп, бдв бдoвивп бд в в ви бдooo бдappleвп-, 3) o fiapple виappleoв в бд бдapplefi бдв виo o ofio oви в oви бд 4) в впappleбд в - бд бдfi, в бдбд appleвк бдfi oви впбдo, oappleoбд appleo бд бд applefi бдбд appleo o вп- бд бдвпв бд4,7. б apple виappleвп в в fi бд appleooвп в oви в бд oви oв oви MUC3 o oappleoo appleбдвп, бд вив йе виoapple- вй, appleoви бдappleбд бдapplefi бд appleйебдвп в бд- бд o бдfi в бд. б в в в бдapplefi appleooвп йебд appleo- oв бд в appleoбдбд oви бд- oв бдapplefi oв бд fiбд. O Mack бд ви. 8 в oви в fi o Lactobacillus GG бд o Lactobacillus plantarum 299v бдбдв oви в в appleбдйеofi б. Coli (ofiвиappleo: O 127 : в 6 O 157 : в 7 ) бд appleйебдвп в бдбд, ви- бдoбдв (в е -29). в бдбдo бдви в в бдappleoв fiйе в в бдapplefi бд appleoo- вп oви oв oви MUC3 appleйебд вивп- (в е -29) бд бдappleв бдвив appleo- fiбд бдapplefi бд appleйебдвп бдвивп в бд- бд. O вибд виappleoйев oви fi в в бдappleв бд appleooвп appleo бд бдoappleooви бдв бд o- бд appleйебдвп в бдбд oви ofioви бд бд oви o. бєбдвп вибдбд в бдбд o в бдв o бд oви appleoooв ooбдoв в бдви- йе. б бд впo бдйеfi бдвп в бдв в в oви бд бдappleoв в в ви- бдfiбд oappleo appleoo в бд йебдappleвиfi в o бд бдapple бд- бд бд oвп. oappleo appleoo бдйебп в бд appleвп вт appleв бдfiвл в в вибдбд бдfiвл бд в бд applefiбд бд o 70% appleappleoви oви appleбдfioви appleйевиoв appleoви в бдвп appleappleв бд бдвп. в бдfiвл бп бдвив appleapple в вив oв бд бд в бдappleooвпбд oapplefi в бд вп. йкfio, fiбд бдfiвл appleoбдвпбд бдвл ooбд- oв appleoви appleбдвпoви бдвп (fiapple o Lactobacillus acidophilus, o L. Bulgaricus (fiapple o бд- oв ), o streptococcus thermophilus.вп.) fi в oбдви в впappleбд бдfiвл в вив бд бд бдappleofi appleoвпбд, appleбдfioвийеo вп виappleвп в вибдбд бд appleвпв ви в в ви o. вт бдapple oбд в впoбд бдapplefi oбдвкfi O Lactobacillus GG в йе fi бд в впбд бд oбдfiбд appleoв oбд в впoбд, в бдбд appleapple - appleoви appleoбдoв бд бдapplefi oбдвкfi б applefi в бдвив в бд appleoви б виappleбдвк в 287 appleбдв oбд в вп- oбд13. втбп бдви в 140 appleбдв вп бдйеo вибдбд бд appleбдoви в впвибд вив вп бдapplefi o fiбд appleв o L. GG бд 147 в впвибд вив вп- бдapplefi o fiбд appleв o placebo. е бд бдappleoв - бдбд в бдви в в бд fi бд appleбдв вп appleoви appleбд o в впвибд вив вп бдapplefi o fiбд appleoви apple L. GG бд бд вп в - впбд в впoбд, в впбд appleбдбдo o oooo бд вп appleйебдfiбд бдвпappleви appleo в впoбд, в - бд appleoви appleбд placebo. в в бдви apple виappleo- в в fi o L.GG в oвив бд appleв бд- в впбд бд oбдfiбд oбд в впoбд13. вт applefi в впoбд в fi в впoбд appleooвп в appleвийе в в в. игбд - в 14 appleвпбд бд oвпв бд 204 виappleoвлoв - appleбдв бдapplefi o в oв. б applefi бд appleбдв вп бдвивп 99 бдйеo вибдбд бд appleбдoви L. GG, 6 в / в oвпв бд, бд 15 бд 105 placebo. втo в o в бд appleбдв вп appleoви в appleбдбд L. GG бд бдвп fiбд applefiв бд в впoбд (5.2 - applefiв бд в впoбд / appleбдв / в бд) в - бд appleoви в appleбдбд placebo (6,02 applefiв бд в вп- oбд / appleбдв / в бд). йкfio в бдйеo, oв o appleoofi appleбдв oбд в впoбд appleoви бдв appleвибд appleo в впoбд, oв бд o appleo- ofi йебдвп appleoви влfiбд в вп- oбд. б вп o L.GG ooв o appleoвибдвп

4 в бдв бд Bбюб бю б б б бю, 14, appleooв бд appleoв бдвпappleви appleo в впoбд (3-10% appleapple oбд в вп- oбд, бдбдappleвиfi, бдбдappleв oви fiбд в впoбд) йебдвп влfi в впoбд, fi йебд appleooв бд в в бд fio бдбдappleвиfi 15. игбд в в в - 16 appleвпбд бд oвпв бд 55 appleбдв (бд 5-24 ) appleoви oв oбд o oooo бд бд влfi в впoбд. б applefi бд appleбдв вп бдвивп 29 бдйеo вибдбд бд appleбдoви впбд еьifidobacterium bifidum бд Streptococcus thermophilus бд 26 в o впбд placebo. втбп бдви 17 в appleбдбдйе бд бд- вп виfiбд в впoбд бд appleбдв вп appleoви в appleбдбд appleooвп (7% в бд 31% appleбдв placebo). втбп бдви в fi fi- o appleoбд в бдoвк fioви бд бд- в бд appleooвп, бдвп бд бдappleв oви oбдвкoв бд бдв бд бд виappleбдвп бд бд бдвиappleбдвп appleбдв вп виoв в в oви appleбдfioвийеo вп в бдappleoвп fioви. вт appleбдfioбд applefiбд в 17 appleoви- бд L.GG, appleбдв вп бд , бдвп вп o в виo ooo- бд в впoбд, в бдбд o- ooбд бдв бд бдapplefi oбдвкfi (6,7% в бд 33,3% placebo). вт бд вп в, fiбд o Lactobacillus plantarum 299v oйе в appleooв o ви appleбдв (n=71) fi oappleбдoв бдйеoв, fiappleoви в впoбд бд в бд placebo o впo ви (n=72), виfiбд в - впoбд бп fiбд бд appleбдв вп oви oappleбдoв бд- йеoв йе бдвп 70% appleappleoви. б ви в в бд- appleйе в бдoвп в в впoбд бдв в в o oвпв. O вибд18 виappleбдoви fi o L.plantarum 299v, o ви appleбдв oви oappleбдoв бдйеoв, вп в бдappleoвп oв oви в впoбд бп бдвиfi o в бдбд вибдйеo appleйевиfi. вт йебдappleбд в впoбд бдapplefi бдoвп O Saccharomyces boulardii, в бд appleбдйеofi- o в бд, в в fi бд бдappleoбд- fi fio applefi бд йебдappleбд в вп- oбд влfi бдoвп fio бд вп oви в в oви виappleooapple в вп- oбд бдapplefi Clostridium difficile вп йебдappleбд в впoбд бдви metronidazole vancomycin 19. O L.GG в apple бдappleв fi бд бдappleo- бдfi applefi бд йебдappleбд в впo- бд влfi бдoвп бд fi бд- o в виo виappleooapple в впoбд влfi C. difficile. в fiбдбд в в - fi йебдappleви в вп oви S. boulardii в впoбд бдapplefi C. difficile oбд, oвивпo, appleoви appleв o б бд еь бдapplefi fi appleвп бдapplefi o S. boulardii. в виo бдooв бд L.GG appleбдв вп o oви бдбдappleвиoв, в в бдo oвиoappleooв, в в fi бд бдвп o в бд o виfiбд в впoбд, appleoви - влбд бдoвп в placebo 19. б - йебд, o L. plantarum 229v в йе fi бд fi- o бдappleoбдfi бдappleбп fi, o L.GG applefi- в впoбд бдapplefi бдoвп. бєбдвп appleoв o в бд o appleapple- в впoбд, appleoви влбд бдoвп, бдбд fi appleoбдбд бдapplefi o C.difficile. в виapple йебдappleбд в впoбд бдви вибдбд o metronidazole (5-8 mg/kg/day) vancomycin ( mg/kg/day) бд 10 в. йкfio 10-50% йебдappleвиoв appleapple виappleo- oappleвпвлoви, вийе, fi o в oвпв бд- applefi o бдfi applefiв o. втбп бдвив appleapple o appleoo, в бдбд oви L.GG бд oви S.boulardii, в виoв ви бд бд- вл oви C. difficile бд oвибд - вп виappleooapple o. йкfio, appleбдвп бд бдappleoв бдбд appleбдбдappleвп- бд, o appleo бдappleoбдfi fiappleo бд- бдappleoв в впoбд бдapplefi бдoвп бд o бдви вп apple. вт applefi в впoбд бдв O L.GG oappleoйе appleoвибдвп бд бд appleoв в впoбд бдв бдapplefi в в б appleoви appleв appleoбд бдбдappleвиfi. втбп бдви в o oви L.GG бд 1-3 в oвпв, впappleбд, appleв appleoбд- бд бдapplefi в впoбд appleoofi 47%. б йебд, o виappleoбдвиfi oв йеo appleoв appleoбд- бд appleoofi 65%, бд бдбдв бдвп впбдбд appleoв oви appleoбдбд appleappleoви 90%. вт бд вп apple в apple ви fi в -, appleoви oappleoйе o S. boulardii, o бд- в appleoви в appleбдбд o в бд appleбдoвибдбд бд в бд бдвп бдвп бд вп виfiбд в впoбд, бдappleбп fi, o appleoви в -

5 272 в бдв бд Bбюб бю б б б бю, 14, 3 appleбдбд placebo. йкfio appleв бд appleooвп, виapple appleoбд oви, бд бдйевп бд бдoвп, виo appleoo бд бдo йебд appleooв бд appleoв виoв бдйеoв appleoбдбд oви бдв. вт бдoapple в бдв бд вт бд бдвп fi в 21, в бдoapple в бдв бд бд бдappleoв в в бдбд o впбд бдвпв бд бд oappleoбд бдappleвлfiбд в бд виappleбдfi впбд ( appleвй виappleo- бдв вив fiви), appleoви apple Lactobacillus GG, appleбдoвибдбд бд oбдfiбд oви влв бдfi oви в бд бд в appleoви в бдв oбд fio виapple- бдfi впбд. в appleвиfiбд бд бд1-бдйеви- бд oви TNF-a, бд fiappleбдбд, бдйе бдвп oвпв бд appleoви в appleбдбд впбд L.GG. имбдбд fi бд appleooвп appleo бд oйеoв бд бдв бд- fio вп oви ooвив appleo бд- ooв ooви appleoви йебд appleooв бд бд appleбдfi (в в впappleбд бд oappleoappleo виappleбдfi- appleвк бдfi oви впбдo бдвп- в бд, в бд бдбдoв бдoooвп бдвп) fio бд бдappleoбдвпбд в бд- appleбдfiбд oappleoбд в бдбдвпбд бд- бд appleo o впбд бдвпв бд22. вт applefi бдoapple в бдв бд вт applefiбд в applefi бдoapple fioви23, L.GG placebo oйебд вибдбд в ви вибд (appleoви бд oвивпo в бд ви appleoви бдйеoв бдoapplefi в влбд, - в бд впйебд) бд 2-4 в oвпв apple o ofi бд appleбдooв йе бд 6 бд в бдви. б бд 6 вп o ofi, o appleoofi в fi- бд в бд в йевпвлoвибд в бд oappleoбд в appleбд o appleoofi per os впбд в бд oвивп per os. вт бд 2 бдoapple- fi в влбд бдв appleвибд 15 бдapplefi бд 64 appleбдв вп (23%) appleoви в appleбдбд L.GG бд 31 бдapplefi бд 68 appleбдв вп (46%) appleoви в appleбдбд placebo. б o L.GG - oappleooв o бдвп o appleo впo вл в йе fi бд бдappleoбдfi applefi бдoapple fioви appleбдв вп виoв в в oви. е бд бдappleoв бдбд бдвивп виappleoв в oви fi - oв бд oви в oви в бдooвийев в fi appleoви йебд appleooв бд бд вив вп впбд бдв виfiбд бдoapple бд бд вп бдooo appleбд- йе. вт appleoв бд o oви бдбдappleвиoв вт бд applefiбд в бдapplefi o Helsinki, 571 appleбдв вп бдapplefi 18 oappleбдoв бдйеoв в appleбдбд впбд, appleoви apple L.GG placebo. втбд appleбдв вп appleoви в бдв oбд впбд appleв o L.GG appleбдбд- йе бд вп o oви бдбд- appleвиoв (fiapple в в бд, oappleв бд, o- в бд бд appleвиoбд). б apple appleбдбдйе вп- oви appleooв бдo, appleoви ooв - бд бд appleбдв вп бдвивп бдapplefi oви бдoв 7. е бд бдappleo- в бдбд бдвивп виappleoвлoбд бд бдapplefi впoви вив 18 o oappleoo oappleoбд o L. plantarum 299v appleбдв вп oappleбдoв бдйеoв. вт бд вп в бдapplefi еёбдбд в в - fi o L.GG бд бдвп виfi- бд oбд appleвиo o appleбдв вп ви, в placebo 24. имбдбд fi бд o в в o ofi appleвп-, oви бдoв бд бдбдappleвиoв ви- бдo, appleo бд oйеoв бд appleoбдвийеoв бдapplefi o appleoo appleбдfioвийеo - ви oви бдooappleooв вибдo бєв бдoв appleoo виapplefi в в - в fiв oбд вибдбд виappleoв в oви fi виappleвп- oви oв вп oooв бдбдвп, бд appleбдв вп, fiappleoви бд appleooвп appleo бд бдappleoв - oв бд. вт бдвив бдбдвп appleбд- впoбд: е бд oв oбдбд oви в oви вп виappleвпви в fi бд appleo- oвп бд в вибдfi бд бд бдappleoбдвп йебдappleбд oв oви fioви oви - в oви. ил applefiбдбд в fi o бдooofi в бд fi виoooв бдfioви бдв бд бд бдв бд в бд oви в oви oви бд fi бдo бдви впбд бдйе fio oви Crohn в oв бд25. в fiбд в в oви виappleoв в бд appleйебдfi fio appleoo- йебдappleбд oв oви fioви oви в oви. игв влбд в oви в бдappleo- бдfiбд o appleoo бдapplefi oви fiбдo (L. plantarum 299v) вп oбдfiбд ooв бд appleoви виappleo-

6 в бдв бд Bбюб бю б б б бю, 14, бд бдapplefi Methotrexate, appleви26, fiapple бд oв oви вп oви appleбд- в o в oви appleo, appleoви бд бдfi o oв o IL в fiбд бд в oви в fi бд appleooвп appleo бд appleбдoви в бд appleoвив бдo fio йебдappleбд oв oви fioви oви в oви. вт в в o в appleв вив fi в - бдйе в oв бд в appleбд вибдбд бдapplefi o fiбд mesalazine (5-ASA) вп- oви appleв oви appleooвп, йебдappleбд ви-. б applefi бд бдappleoв бдбд бдви - в appleбдбдйе бд в бдoвп виfiбд виappleooapple бдв в в o йебдappleви- йеfiв 28,29. вт бд applefiбд applefiв o, бдo, в в йе fi o L.GG appleo бд бд oвибд oви ofioви бдoв oви - в oви бд бдвпбд appleбдв appleбдfi бдapplefi fio oви Crohn 30. в fiбдбд o appleoofi Lactococcus lactis oappleoappleoйе вп, в бд appleбдвп ви 10 (IL-10) appleofioбд appleo 31. бд o oappleoappleoв o вп appleo- ofi L.lactis oйе в oбдвп appleoбд в йе fi бд бдappleoбдfi fio applefi ooв бд, appleoви бдбдappleв - бд бдвиfiбдбд appleoбд appleoви в oви бдfi o oв o appleoви в бд бдappleвийе IL- 10 fio бд, бдвп o ви, oбд- fiбд ooв бд appleoви бдбдappleв бд вп бдofiбд applefi в бдв бдo Dextran sulfate sodium 5%. O ви IL-10 o ofi в йе fi в бд вив appleбдвп бдoappleo applefi IL-10 бдapplefi бд - бдoбд oв бдбд. в в бд бдви appleoв appleo бд oв бдв бд oooвп вив oви, йеfiв oви бд бдofiбд йе- бдappleви бдapple oв oви fioви oви в oви o впйеappleo. йкfio apple бд appleo- oвп appleoви бдйебп в бд appleвп, o oви appleoooв бдв oви, бдвп в oooбд бд в впбд йебдappleбд йебд appleв apple бд в вийеoв apple. в applefi бдoв б в fi o appleoo (L. casei) appleoбд бд бдйевив виappleooapple fi в, appleoви в oви бд- йе oвивп 32. е бд бдappleoв бдбд бдвивп в - oви бдвп appleбдв appleбд. игбд appleйебд- бд applefi бдйевив бдвп- appleви fioви бд в в бдбдoбд- бдбдofi oви (fiapple oвлбд-, бдвлв.apple). ил в oви вп бдappleofi oви бдви бдapplefi o в - o бд бдвп вив appleбд вп бдappleв бдви бд oв бд. б вп бдв бдappleofi бдбдofi oви бдapplefi o в o oв - appleбдooв йе вп виfiбд oви бдoви в бд бдfi fi бд йебд appleв apple бд в ви 32. е бд appleooвп бдбдв oви бдвпappleви бдв appleoви бдв appleoви appleoбд- ofi oви бдofi в бдapple- oв бдapplefi бдвивп влв (fiapple, -glucuronidase, azoreductase, nitroreductase, -glucosidase apple) бдoбд в appleofiбд бд- ofi oви o в o. в в бдfiбд влв бдви вивп oappleoбд в - бд в в вп appleoo apple бд- в в бд. бєбдвп вив appleбд бдвп appleappleв бд appleбдбдappleвп бдв бд влв бд fiappleбдбд бдappleooв в бд в ви- appleв бд appleoo. б бд appleбдвп- в бд, o L.GG в йе бд бд в бд- fiбд -glucuronidase, nitroreductase бд hydrolase бд в apple appleбдйе fi в appleoapple в вп apple oви бдoви. б appleв бд бдappleoв бдбд ви в бд бдfi apple- вп, в в виo бдoви бд влви в бдfiбд йебд appleв apple бд в вийе бдfi apple- fio 32. в appleбдбд oвивиoв oв o бдapplefi впappleoбд appleooвп appleвпвл в бдв бдбд бдapplefiapple бд бдбдв oвивп бд oвив - в бдfiбд в бд бд- ofi (fiapple, бд appleбдвпв бд, o nitrosamines), appleoви appleбдвпoбд бдapplefi бдв бд в бд oви в oви впoбд appleoви бдooвийеoв бд ви appleвй в бдбд33. в виappleoбдбд втв fi fi o в appleoви в oв бд бдвп в бд 1970 бд 1980 бдйевп бдбд- в oви бд вп 5-17% appleвиfi o oви ooв вп бдapplefi applefi appleoвкfi- впбдo (бдoв appleofiбд 0,5-8L/в - бд бд 2-4 в oвпв ) appleoви бд виappleo влв appleooвп 34. O бдo бд впo,

7 274 в бдв бд Bбюб бю б б б бю, 14, 3 бдвп appleo бд виappleбдвпoви вп o бдapplefi oви ooбдoв бд бдappleoвпви бдooв йе бдapplefi o в o. б apple в appleoбдйе fi бдappleoв в ви o бдвп бд бдappleбд бдappleofi бдви бдapplefi o в o appleo бд в в бд виappleooбд- fi бдappleoв бд35. е бд бдappleoв бдбд, fio, appleбдбдappleвп бдбдoв в oви бдйе, бд- йеfio oв бд бдapplefi appleo applefiбд бд бдбдв в бд бдfi виappleooбдfi бдappleoв бд бдapplefi appleoo, fiбд бдвивп appleoбдвпoбд в бдбд fi виappleв o appleofi- 34. в elicobacter pylori в fiбдбд в в fi o appleoofi бд- в o Lactobacillus salivarius appleoв вл appleofi oви H.pylori apple appleйебд вивп in vitro бд fi бдбдв бдfi- бд oви H.pylori бд бдappleo o ofio oви oвпoви appleooв 36. вт appleвп, бд бдo вибдoappleoв в, appleoви appleвпбд- 120 бдйе, appleoви бд йеo бд H.pylori, o- йе apple бд бд вл oви H. pylori appleoйе oви L.acidophilus 37. в вл бд бдвп виfi (87% в бд 70%) oвпв бд appleoви appleapplefiйебд oйе o appleoofi. е бд вибдбд бдвивп влoви appleбдв бдofi. в appleoбд oви бдooappleooв ви- бдo в fiбдбд в в fi бд applefi- 450gr бдoвиoв appleoбд бдв oви бдoви o ofi бд бдвив appleбдбд - fi бдapplefi бд бдappleooв бд е в бдбд (isolated T cells).в бдв -fi - влбд в бдooappleo впвибд бд виappleoбд бдвп o appleo бдapplefi бдбдoвп- o 34. б вп бд бдooвивп бдappleoв бдбд appleoo appleoв oвп бд бдappleoв йеoв, fi йебд бд в вибдfi бд appleooвп бд oappleoйеoв бд бд вп в fi o. б fi бдapplefi o appleoo бд вп- appleйебд appleбдв бд бд applefi бдв appleбдйеofi бдв в бд appleoвп (prebiotics). в oвп бд вибдвп o бд oappleoбд вивп- бд appleв o applefi в o в oви впapple вп бдв в бдв o appleбдв в o бд бдвиfi o fiappleo appleбдв oви в бд appleoofi бдappleoв бд. б бд бдfi бдйе- fi appleo appleбдбдfi [бд appleбдвпв бд, o oвиoвлo-ooбдбд, бдoвиfiвл (lactulose) бд бдfi (lactitol)] в бдбд- fio o fi впбд fio бд бд fiбд. O appleбдвпo бдвиo йебд appleooв бд бд oappleoappleooви в бд бдвп в бд fiappleo appleo в oo бд fio в бдappleбдfi в бд appleooвп 7. игбд вп в вибд oappleo appleo бд вив вибдfi бд appleoo- вп бдв бд. O вив вибдfi бдвиfi, fi виofi, йебд appleooв бд apple- appleoo бдв бдвп в в - ви бдви в oви бдв oви бдoв вибдo, бдйеfio o в fi виapplefiбд appleoo (в бдв, o appleofi) йебд бд в бд- йев o бд влв бдapplefi в бд appleo бдви 34. игo в вибдo виoo вив вибдo appleбдвпoви: bifidobacteria бд oвиo-oo- бдбд lactobacilli бдfi 39. б applefi бд appleбдбдappleвп, fio, бд o - бд бдвп applefio бд appleooвп бд бдбд. е бд appleooвп бдбд fi бд бдбд. в бдвп- бд бдви appleoo виappleoв в бд fio бдapplefi appleoвивпйе в fio бд бдapplefi o - ofi fi apple бд o впйеappleo бдбдбдoви бдбдooвп appleoвкfiбд, appleoви в oви виappleo влв -, бдв бд бдв бдappleйев o бдappleoв - бд вибд. йкfio йебд fi бд бдбдбдбд appleбдв в вибд, бд бд бдйеo apple appleoбд oв appleooв бд appleв oви, бдapplefi appleoбд в бд appleoбд в fi appleo apple бдбд- fi fiбд appleoo- 7. еьбдбд 1. Gibson GR, Collins MD. Concept of balanced colonic microbiota, Prebiotics and Synbiotics. In: Hanson LA, Yolken RH eds. Probiotics, other nutritional factors and intestinal microflora. Nestle Nutrition Workshop Series, Vol 42, Philadelphia: Nestec Ltd, Vevey/ Lippincott-Raven Publishers, 1999: Simon GL, Gorbach SL. Intestinal flora in health and disease. Gastroenterology 1984, 86: Vanderhoof JA. Probiotics and intestinal disorders in infants and children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr

8 в бдв бд Bбюб бю б б б бю, 14, , 30: Isolauri E, Gronlund MM, Salminen S, Arvilommi H. Why donбпt we bud? J Pediatr Gastroetnerol Nutr 2000, 30: Vanderhoof JA Young RJ. Use of probiotics in childhood gastrointestinal disorders. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1998, 27: Saavedra JM. Probiotics plus antibiotics: Regulation air bacterial environment. J Pediatr 1999, 135: Friedrich MJ. A bit of culture for children: Probiotics may improve health and fight disease. JAMA 2000, 284: Mack DR, Michail S, Wei S, et al. Probiotics inhibit enteropathogenic E. coli adherence in vitro by inducing intestinal mucin gene expression. Am J Physiol 1999, 276: G941-G Sanders ME. Significance to fluid milk products containing cultures. J Diary Sci 1993, 76: Isolauri E, Jurtunen M, Rautanen T, Sillanaukee P, Krovula TM. A Human Lactobacillus strain promotes recovery of acute diarrhea in children. Pediatrics 1991, 88: Pant AR, Graham SM, Allen SJ, et al. Lactobacillus GG and acute diarrhea in young children in the tropics. J Trop Pediatr 1996, 42: Rautanen T, Isolauri E, Salo E, Vesikari T. Management of acute diarrhoea with low osmolarity oral rehydration solution and Lactobacillus strain GG. Arch Dis Child 1998, 79: Guandalini S, Pensabene, Abu Zikri M, et al. Lactobacillus GG administered in oral rehydration solution to children with acute diarrhoea: a multicenter European trial. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2000, 30: Oberhelman RA, Gilman RH, Sheen P, et al. A placebo controlled trial of Lactobacillus GG to prevent diarrhea in undernourished Peruvian children. J Pediatr 1999, 134: DuPont H.L. Prevention of diarrhoea by the probiotic, Lactobacillus GG. J Pediatr 1999, 134: Saavetra JM, Bauman NA, Oung I, Perman JA, Yolken RH. Feeding of Bifidobacterium bifidum and streptococcus Thermophilus to infants in hospital for prevention of diarrhea and shedding of rotavirus. Lancet 1994, 344: Szajewska H, Kotowska M, Mrukowics JZ, et al. Efficacy of lactobacillus GG in prevention of nosocomial diarrhoea in infants. J Pediatr 2001, 138: Ribeiro H, Vanderhoof JA. Reduction of diarrhoeal illness following administration of lactobacillus plantarum 299v in a day care facility (abstract). J Pediatr Gastroetnerol Nutr 1998, 26: Davidson GP, Butler RN. Probiotics in pediatric gastrointestinal disorder. Curr Opin Pediatr 2000, 12: Hilton E, Kolakowski P, Signer C, Smith M. Efficacy of lactobacillus GG as a diarrheal preventative in travelers. J Trav Med 1997, 1: Majamaa H, Isolauri E. Probiotics: a novel approach in the management of food allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1997, 99: Isolauri E. Immune Effects of Probiotics. In: Hanson LA, Yolken RH, eds. Probiotics, Other nutritional factors and intestinal microflora. Nestle Nutrition Workshop Series, Vol 42, Philadelphia, Nestec Ltd, Vevey / Lippincott-Raven Publisher, 1999: Kalliomaki M, Salminen S, Arvilommi H, et al. Probiotics in primary prevention of atopic disease: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2001, 357: Guarino A. Effects of probiotics in children with cystic fibrosis. Gastroenterol Int 1998, 11: Duchmann R, Kaiser J, Hermann E, Mayer N, Ewe K. Tolerance exist towards resident intestinal flora but is broken in active inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Exp Immunol 1995, 102: Mao Y, Nobaek S, Kasravi B, et al. The effects of lactobacillus strains and oat fiber on methotrexate induced enterocolitis in rats. Gastroenterology 1996, 111: Veltkamp C, Tankonogy SL, Schultz M, Sartor RB. Lactobacillus plantarum is superior to Lactobacillus GG in preventing colitis in IL-10 deficient mice. Gastroenterology 1999, 116: A Cruis W, Schuts E, Fric P et al. Double blind comparison of an oral E.coli preparation and Mesalazine in maintaining remission of ulcerative colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1997, 11: Rembacken BJ, Snelling AM, Hawky PM, Dixon ATR. A double blind trial of non pathogenic E.coli vs mesalazine for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Gut 1997: 41 (Suppl 3): Cupta P, Andrew H, Kirschner BS. Guandalini S. Lactobacillus GG Helpful in Children with Crohnбпs Disease? Results of a Preliminary, Open-label Study. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2000, 31: Steidler L, Hans W, Schotte L, et al. Treatment of murine colitis by Lactococcus lactis secreting interleukin-10. Science 2000, 289: de Roos NM, Katan MB. Effects of probiotic bacteria on diarrhea, lipid metabolism and carcinogenesis. Am J Clin Nutr 2000: 71: Kailasapathy K, Chin J. Survival and therapeutic potential of probiotic organisms with reference to lactobacillus acidophilus and bifidobacterium spp. Immunol Cell Biol 2000, 78: Roberfroid MB. Prebiotics and probiotics: are they functional foods? Am J Clin Nutr 2000: 71 (suppl): 1682S- 7S. 35. Pfeifer A, Rosat JP. Probiotics in Alimentation In: Hanson LA, Yolken RH, eds. Probiotics, other nutritional factors and intestinal microflora. Nestle nutrition workshop series, Vol 42, Philadelphia: Nestec Ltd, Vevey / Lippincott-Raven Publishers, 1999:

9 276 в бдв бд Bбюб бю б б б бю, 14, Kabir AMA, Aiba Y, TaKagi A, Kamiya S, Miwa T, Koga Y. Prevention of Helicobacter pylori infection by lactobicilli in a gonatobiotic murine model. Gut 1997, 41: Canducci F, Armuzzi A, Cromonini F, et al. A lyophilized and inactivated culture of lactovacillus acidophilus increases Helicobacter pylori eradication rates. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000: 14: Bengmark S. Ecological control of the gastrointestinal tract. The role of probiotic flora. Gut, 1998, 42: Collins MD, Gibson GR. Probiotics, prebiotics and symbiotics. Am J Clin Nutr 1999, 69(suppl): б бдбд: её. игбдвиoвп втapple. бєвибдв бдo Corresponding author: I. Mavromichalis 1, Stilp. Kyriakidi Str Thessaloniki Greece

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High Level Pharmaceutical Forum е ещ еєе еэ е есеёеъе еэ ехеыеєея е еёеяеї. е ещ ешеєехещ ес еуещес еєея еўея еєе еэ еёесеёесетеые еэ High Level Pharmaceutical Forum е ещ еєе еэ е есеёеъе еэ ехеыеєея е еёеяеї е ещ ешеєехещ ес еуещес еєея еўея еєе еэ еёесеёесетеые еэ е ея еёесес еєеяеї е е е е еуещес еєея еёесеёеэ еъесещ еєея еыеыеяеэ

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