Vaccines for Skeeters

Transcription

1 Vaccines for Skeeters Dictated by: Gulya, Roberto, Ivan Maha and Azin Podcast 47, October 2014 Hello everybody, you re listening to Let s Master English and my name is Coach Shane. Hello everybody, welcome back to Let s Master English. This is already Let's Master English 47. Thank you so much for downloading and listening I m your English Coach. My name is Shane. Today we have three things to cover. We've got the news, some scary news, mixed with a little bit of science. Then we have a fact from Country Shane and then a bunch of your excellent questions. And that's it. Keep it nice, short and simple today. But I'll be honest, the news might be a little bit tough. Are you ready? Alright, enough chit-chat, let s begin The Ebola virus is in the news but there are many scary diseases in the world, another dengue virus. This can also be deadly and is transmitted by mosquitoes. But in Brazil, they're using mosquitoes to combat the virus. They vaccinated skeeters in the lab. And have just released them into Rio de Janeiro. They are hoping the good biters will mate with the bad biters and their baby biters will be fever free. What? Alright the beginning, that wasn't too bad, but the ending was crazy. It sounded weird. We talked about virus and I'm sure if you've been watching the news- Ebola virus, maybe you heard that. And then there was another virus, that's the Dengue virus. And we'll talk about that a little bit later. Let me read the news one more time a little bit more smoothly. Ok? Here we go. The Ebola virus is in the news but there are many scary diseases in the world, another Dengue virus. This can also be deadly and is transmitted by mosquitoes. But in Brazil, they're using mosquitoes to combat the virus. They vaccinated 10,000 skeeters in the lab. And have just released them into Rio de Janeiro. They are hoping the good biters will mate with the bad biters and their baby biters will be fever free. Does that make more sense? Well, let's go ahead and start at the beginning. The Ebola virus. Oh boy, this, this is scary. Of course it is greatly affecting Western Africa, especially Liberia and the surrounding countries. Uh, it has made its way into the United States. Who knows, what will be the end result of this. The Ebola virus has been around for a long time. It's a deadly decease that has the world very scared, right now. Ones again the American pronunciation Ebola virus, the Ebola virus. The Ebola virus is in the news but there are many scary diseases in the world. Yes, of course we...in the news nowadays we always hear about Ebola, Ebola, Ebola, at least in the Unites States. But of course there are many deceases, many scary diseases all around the world. Another-, another scary disease Dengue virus D-E-N-G-U-E, Dengue. Now there are a couple of different pronunciations. Dengue seems to be the proper English pronunciation. But some people say DENGue, some people 1

2 just say DENgue, some people say DENGUe. Ok? However, once again, the proper English pronunciation that I could find is Dengue. Now I'm curious, especially where this disease is coming, what is the pronunciation? Particularly what is the pronunciation in Brazil. Do you say Dengue? I'm curious. Anyway another deadly disease, the Dengue virus. This, this virus, this disease, this can also be deadly just like the Ebola virus, this can kill people, and is transmitted by mosquitoes. Ok, transmitted, to transmit something means to move something. So, when the disease is transmitted, it moves from one person to another person. And how is Ebola transmitted? Ebola is transmitted through bodily fluid, which means sweat, blood, spit - that's saliva. Any type of bodily fluid, any fluid from your body can contain the virus. So, the Ebola virus is transmitted that way. But Dengue virus is transmitted by mosquitoes. Do you know about mosquitos? Buzzzz, yeah I'm sorry I'm in your ear and I'm making the mosquito sound. When your hear that sound... You gotta kill him! So, this is really scary, now if, if somebody, a person, if they have Ebola, well then we have to protect our skin, protect our breathing, we can cover ourselves, but if somebody has dengue virus, how can you protect yourself from mosquitoes, especially if you live in a humid hot place, mosquitoes are everywhere... very scary. The next sentence, but in Brazil and in Brazil there is lots of the dengue virus, they, in this case they refers to scientists, they are using mosquitoes to combat the virus, now, c-o-m-b-a-t, combat and some people say combat both intonations are possible as a verb; I want to combat the virus? How can we combat the virus? How can we combat the virus? Both intonations are used. c-o-m-b-a-t, combat means to fight, how can we fight the virus? In Brazil scientists are using mosquitoes to fight the virus, how is that possible? Mosquitoes transmit the virus, how can they stop the virus? Here is the answer, they, once again scientists, they vaccinated, 10,000 skeeters in the lab, now I used the word skeeters s-k-e-e-t-e-r-s - skeeters- this is kind of a colloquial expression, or a local expression for mosquitoes, what do they do with 10,000 mosquitoes? They vaccinated 10,000 mosquitoes in the lab, the lab means the laboratory, the science laboratory, to vaccinate something means to inoculate something, to treated in order to prevent a disease. So, most of us, when we were babies we probably received a vaccination, a shot, so that we don't get a more serious disease. Do you understand vaccination?, A vaccine is the actual medicine, most people get a shot or an injection, but how do you vaccinate a mosquito? Do you give it a shot? How do you hold its arm? I'm not sure how they did that? I'm sure they probably fed the mosquito the vaccination. Anyway the sentence again; they vaccinated 10,000 skeeters in the lab and have just released them into Río de Janeiro. The scientists they vaccinated the mosquitoes and now the mosquitoes are free, they were released from the laboratory, where are they free? Into Rio, this the American pronunciation Río de Janeiro, Río de Janeiro, and to be honest I'm not exactly sure but I'm guessing in Brazil the pronunciation is a bit different, Río, Río de Janero... and my students have told me and I can't remember, I apologize, so once again the American pronunciation Río de Janeiro. Now that is not the capital of Brazil, the capital of Brazil is Brasilia. Yeah, we talked about that in another podcast... I remember now very good. Okay so, so this is shocking, so this very interesting science, mosquitoes carry the dengue virus. So scientist, they took some mosquitoes in the laboratory and they vaccinated the mosquitoes to the 2

3 dengue virus. And now, and then they released those vaccinated mosquitoes into the public, in Río de Janeiro, now what? The last sentence: They, once again the scientists, they're hoping, they are hoping, the good biters, mosquitoes, skeeters, biters; what do mosquitoes do? You know they suck blood, they bite you and take your blood, so they suck, but we can also say they bite, I got a mosquito bite, it itches, my mosquito bite itches, so we have good biters The good biters are the vaccinated mosquitoes. So, the scientists are hoping, the vaccinated mosquitoes will mate with the bad biters. So, the bad biters are the mosquitoes with Dengue virus. Mate, what is it mean to mate? To have babies with. So, once again the sentence. : The scientists are hoping the vaccinated mosquitoes will have babies with the Dengue virus infected mosquitoes and their babies, now here their means the good biters and the bad biters there are, there are a married couple now. And their babies will be fever free, will be free from the fever. When we talk about the Dengue virus, we can also say the Dengue fever, the disease, the sickness that comes from the virus. So, if they can make virus free, Dengue free mosquitoes, eventually, maybe, perhaps, the Dengue virus will disappear,. tthat s what scientists are hoping for. Amazing science skills, I like that, this is a good news story and now we have to watch what happens. Would you rather have genetically modified mosquitoes trying to kill the virus or would you rather have vaccinated mosquitoes kill the virus. I think most people will say: anything to kill the virus, but personally, from a since point of view, vaccinated sounds much better to me. Well, once again, this is a serious disease. Ebola is a serious disease, I hope that nobody in your family, in your vicinity, in your circle is ever affected by these terrible diseases; I hope that you re always healthy. I do, I seriously do. Let s check out these terms again: Ebola virus - a deadly disease, that has the world very scared right now In the news if something is in the news it is a hot topic. People are talking about it, it s very important or even popular or infamous The Dengue virus D-e-n-g-u-e, the Dengue virus, it s another disease like the Ebola virus, that can be deadly, not as much, but still, it can kill. It s also known as the Dengue fever. Is transmitted when we talk about a virus being transmitted, it s moved, it travels from person to person Mosquitoes those tiny flying insects that like to suck your blood, A-a, I got a mosquito bite! To combat, or to combat - means to fight Vaccinated if something is vaccinated it has been given a vaccine, it has been inoculated, treated in order to prevent a more serious disease. Vaccinated, the spelling - v-a-c-c-i-n-a-t-ed. Skeeters s-k-e-e-t-e-r-s, mosquitoes, it s the country name for mosquitoes 3

4 The lab - l-a-b, the laboratory. In the UK they say laboratory, but in America lab(o)ratory. L-a-b-o-r-a-t-o-r-y To mate with m-a-t-e, to mate with, to have babies with. And fever free free from the Dengue virus. Let s listen to the news two more times. The first time nice and smooth, the second time normal. Here we go The Ebola virus is in the news but there are many scary diseases in the world, another dengue virus. This can also be deadly and is transmitted by mosquitoes. But in Brazil, they're using mosquitoes to combat the virus. They vaccinated skeeters in the lab. And have just released them into Rio de Janeiro. They are hoping the good biters will mate with the bad biters and their baby biters will be fever free. Second reading. How re you doing everybody? This is Country Shane, and I m here to bring you the facts. Since 2000, seven million people in Brazil alone have caught the dengue virus. Right now, half the World is at risk of dengue, and there is no specific treatment. This s been country Shane bringing you the facts. Wow! Since 2000 in Brazil, just Brazil over 7,000,000 people have caught the dengue virus. Oh my goodness, that is, that s incredible. They say half the World could get it there is no treatment, now we should say don t be too scared. I mean yes, that s a serious disease and I hope it never affects any of you, but in Brazil of those seven million people, well can I say only, only eight hundred, about eight hundred have actually died, which is good news relatively, uhm compared to the Ebola virus, the Ebola virus, oh boy that is devastating, I think the survival rate of the Ebola virus is around 50%, maybe 40% or 60%, I m not sure it s around half. The survival rate of dengue fever seems to be much much much much better, but still the misery, the pain, the surfing that anybody has to go through with the disease with the sickness that s sad. Yeah, so stay healthy! Be healthy everybody! It's time for some questions. Our first question comes from... ok, now I'm not sure the intonation. Is it TomasO or Tomaso? PodA or is it a POda? Aaa, I m gonna say Tomaso. I'm gonna say Tom. Tom, thank you much, thank you very much for your question. Now, Tom has the question, he says: I'm thinking about joining DDM but right now I have a question about the pronunciation for the word KINDERGARTEN. Yeah K-I-N-D-E-R-G-A-R-T-E-N. It's so difficult to say it quickly. How can I say this word quickly? Alright, well that's a great, it's a great word KINDERGARTEN is actually a German word. I'm sure that Tomaso knows that. And what s 4

5 interesting in America, even though, the spelling is with the T, we almost always say it like a D. So, it sounds like this, perfect pronunciation for most Americans would be KINDERGARDEN, KINDERGARDEN, just like G-A-R-D-E-N. That's wrong, but many Americans say that. Now, KINDERGARDEN. Actually many people say it a little quicker KINDERGARTEN, KINDERGARTEN. So, there...i'm gonna give you two pronunciations TomasO, TAmasO. I'm gonna call you Tommy. Tommy I mean I'm gonna give you two pronunciations. The first one KINNERGARTN. This is K-I-N-N-E-R. The first D is canceled GARTN, GARTN. And the T GARTN it's a glottal stop T, like MOUNTN (mountain), HITN (hidden), SUTN (sudden), GARTN. KINNERGARTN, KINNERGARTN. When did you go? to KINNERGARTN. I went to KINNERGARTN when I was 5. I had three classmates in KINNERGARTN. GARTN. KINNERGARTN. Now how you do that sound as you go to the T. GART, GART. But you stop, don't finish the T, go to the T GART and leave your tongue in that position and don't move your tongue make the N sound. GARTN, GARTN, GARTN. And don't move your tongue. KINNEGARTN. KINNERGARTN, KINNEGARTN. KINDER don't worry about the D, cancel it. KINNERGARTN, KINNERGARTN. Can you say that Tommy? And the other version is the same thing, but with a D sound. KINDERGARDN, KINDERGARDN. I went to KINDERGARDN when I was 5. KINDERGARDN, GARDEN GARDEN, that s a flap T and in American English that sounds like a D. So thank you very much for the question Tommy. I hope I helped you out. Our next question is from Ann Rodziya. And great question: What is the difference between I'D LIKE TO and I WANT TO. Well I WANT TO can simply be a need or a desire or even a wish. So I WANT TO be rich. I WANT TO drink coffee. I WANT TO go to sleep. I WANT TO ask a question. Nothing special, it just means that you want to do something, you desire, you crave, sometimes you pine, you wish for, to do something. Now I D LIKE TO- it's the same thing. However the difference could be conditional. If I could, if it were possible. So for example right now, after I finish this podcast I do not have any work. So, I could say: I WANT TO sleep. And I could go to my room and sleep. Now if I said: I'D LIKE TO sleep. That means maybe I shouldn't, maybe I have to work, maybe I have to meet my mom, maybe it's too early to go to sleep. It's a conditional. It's like there, for some reason I can't and has that nuance. Ok? So, Ann when you want to ask this question, the difference between expressions, well first of all I WANT TO and I'D LIKE TO, we do use them the same. So it's best that you give me, and this goes for everybody- specific examples. Give me a couple sentences that you want to say. And then ask is it the same in each case. Ok? So I hope I helped you out. And thank you very much for the question. Our next question comes from PayJop. Payjop says: Hi coach Shane, thank you though and thank you anyway what do they mean? Is there a difference between them? And when can I use these expressions? These are great expressions and they do have a slight difference. Thank you though would be common in this situation: you are on a bus and you are sitting down. Suddenly an old lady gets on the bus and she stands next to you. You stand up and say to the old lady: here, please sit here. And the old lady says: oh, no, I m getting off next stop, thank you though. That s 5

6 the perfect usage for thank you though. Thank you for offering but no thank you. Thank you for offering but that s ok I don t need it. Okay? Now, when we say thank you anyway here s an example: when you ask somebody for help, when you ask somebody for information but they cannot help you, they do not know the information, you can say: ah ok, thank you anyway. So if you re walking down the street and you want to know where the Starbucks is, you see a guy: Oh excuse-me sir, could you tell me where the Starbucks is? Ah, Star, I have no idea. Ah ok, thank you anyway. Thank you anyway, thank you anyway; anyway thank you for letting me ask you. That s the idea. So these are both great expressions and they re, their meaning is very similar but the usage, yeah, we do use them in different situations. I hope that helps. And our final question comes from Caron Rodriguez. And she says: I ve been struggling with the pronunciation of this word, e-n-t-r-e-p-r-e-n-e-u-r. Could you help me with the pronunciation? Ah, this, this is one of my favorite words. And there are two typical American pronunciations: one is entrepreneur, entrepreneur, entrepreneur, and the other pronunciation: entrepreneur. Okay? So, for me, I, I always say entrepreneur and that s would I recommend. Now, once again entrepreneur, entrepreneur, many Americans do say that. However I think, oh boy, I don t know, maybe it s So two pronunciations: entrepreneur and entrepreneur. My recommendation: entrepreneur. What does this word mean? An entrepreneur is a person who starts his or her own business usually with his or her money, and usually makes no money for a long time. Life is difficult. That s my case. I m definitely an entrepreneur; life is difficult, but I am my own boss and I do like that. So once again entrepreneur or entrepreneur, my recommendation: entrepreneur, but choose one that s easier for you. Thank you so much for the questions. And that s it everybody! A short podcast today, I hope that you enjoyed it. I hope that you learned something. Now, let s master English fans also of course you may have recognized, we have the book club podcast that goes out too. So, if you re a member of the book club please listen and enjoy the podcast. It s free. Anybody can be a member, you can use the audio book, we focus on the audio book but the print book is fine too. But our focus is the listening. So the audio book is better. If you want to join the book club just listen to the podcast. I ll tell you how there. There is also a live chat session where we discuss the books on google +. It s a lot of fun. It s a lot of fun. And I hope that you join and I hope that you enjoy that podcast. And I just wanna say once again thank you to everybody. Your listening to my lessons, my podcasts means so much to me. I m very honored very happy to be a part of your education, to be a part of your life, and I just wanna say thank you. And together, let s master English. 6