Lecture 3: FM Transmitters & Receivers
|
|
|
- Stephanie Stewart
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Leure 3: FM Transmiers & Reeivers Review of Previous Leures Frequeny Modulaion FM Transmier FM Demodulaion Tehniques FM Reeiver Conlusions & Disussions Leure Noes are available from: hp://homepages.unl.a.uk/~aghizas
2 Review of Previous Leures WHAT is Modulaion and WHY we Modulae? Modulaion is a PROCESS by whih he properies of one signal is made o vary he properies of anoher signal! Signals are variaion of Elerial Curren or Volages over ime. Signals have basially THREE basi properies Ampliude Phase Frequeny
3 A Typial Signal: A Sinusoidal Signal x( Asin( A: Is he Ampliude : Is he Phase in Radians : Is he Frequeny in Radians = 2 f f is he Frequeny in Hz
4 Transmier Why Modulaion? Communiaion Channel Reeiver
5 Cond Speeh => 300Hz Wavelengh C f Km Size of he Transmier Anenna: L Km 10
6 Cond Reduion in he Size of Anenna Muli-Signal Transmission over he same hannel Less effeed by Noise
7 How To Inrease The Frequeny? We Sele a known signal (e.g. Sinusoidal and KAKE i TO CARRY he SPEECH signal! How? This is wha we all Modulaion. We Can Make he Ampliude of he Sinusoid To arry i Ampliude Modulaion We Can Make he Frequeny of he Sinusoid To arry i Frequeny Modulaion We Can Make he Phase of he Sinusoid To arry i > Phase Modulaion
8 Ampliude Modulaion x A.M ( A [ K m(]os A os K A m( os Mixer Sum Message, m( Oupu, x A.M. ( KA A os
9 Frequeny Modulaion x F.M. ( A os( K 0 m ( d ( x F.M Message, m(. ( K 0 A (.d os A sin( Mixer -. K Sum 0 m ( d ( Oupu, x F.M. ( Shif by 90 o A os
10 Graphial Illusraion Message x A.M ( A [ 1 K m(]os AM Signal FM Signal Carrier x F.M. ( A os A sin(. K 0 m ( d (
11 FM Demodulaion Modulaion ours in he TRANSMITTER Saion. We have so far managed o CONVERT our MESSAGE signal, m( ino a suiable form for ransmission. Wha is remaining is o design he Reeiver. This is alled he Demodulaion Proess. Demodulaion is he proess ha happens in our RADIOS i.e. he RECEIVER.
12 FM Demodulaion The Reeiver Anenna dees his: The Demodulaor should generae his: FM Signal, x FM ( FM Demodulaion Tehniques Message Signal, m( FM Disriminaor (Slope Deeor Zero-Crossing FM Deeor Travis Disriminaor Tuorial No.1 Foser-Seeley Disriminaor Tuorial No.1 Phase Loked Loop Deeor Workshop No.1 Raio Deeor Suden Invesigaion
13 FM Disriminaor (Slope Deeor Overall Blok Diagram Differeniaor Envelope Deeor FM Signal AM Signal Message Signal
14 How Does The Disriminaor Works? FM Signal AM Signal Differeniaor C V V ou in R f Unmodulaed Carrier Frequeny
15 FM Disriminaor (Envelope Deeion AM Signal Diode, D 1 Reified AM Signal C1 R Peak Deeor C2 Low Low Pass Pass Filer Filer Message Signal
16 Message Signal The Complee Cirui For: FM Disriminaor (Slope Deeor FM Signal C1 Diode, D 1 C3 Low Low Pass Pass Filer Filer R1 R2 C2 High Pass Filer Reifier Peak Deeor d.. Blok Smoohing
17 FM Demodulaion Zero Crossing Deeor Limier Limier FM Signal Differeniaor Differeniaor Reifier Reifier Pulse Pulse Generaor Generaor Low Low Pass Pass Filer Filer Message Signal
18 FM Demodulaion Complee Zero Crossing Deeor Limier Limier Differeniaor Differeniaor Reifier Reifier Pulse Pulse Generaor Generaor Low Low Pass Pass Filer Filer FM Signal Message Signal
19 Conlusions & Some Observaions The proess of Modulaion hanges he properies of one signal wih respe o anoher signal. Two Examples of Modulaion proess is AM & FM. AM & FM are boh very simple o Realize AM is more SENSITIVE o noise and inerferenes han FM FM uses 88 MHz o 108MHz band, AM uses 300KHz o 3MHz.
20 Nex Leure. All Noes are available from he Web Sie Effes of Noise in: FM & AM Sysems Noe: Please read he noes from he Web sie before he nex leure.
21 Referenes A Deailed lis of referenes whih have been used o prepare hese noes are available from My Web Sie. The Workshop for FM will be arried ou Nex Week.
22 Finally..
Modulation for Analog Communication. Yao Wang Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY11201 http://eeweb.poly.edu/~yao
Modulaion or Analog Communiaion Yao Wang Polyehni Universiy, Brooklyn, NY11201 hp://eeweb.poly.edu/~yao Ouline Baseband ommuniaion: bandwidh requiremen Modulaion o oninuous signals Ampliude modulaion Quadraure
Frequency Modulation. Dr. Hwee-Pink Tan http://www.cs.tcd.ie/hweepink.tan
Frequency Modulaion Dr. Hwee-Pink Tan hp://www.cs.cd.ie/hweepink.tan Lecure maerial was absraced from "Communicaion Sysems" by Simon Haykin. Ouline Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Angle Modulaion Frequency Modulaion
Voltage level shifting
rek Applicaion Noe Number 1 r. Maciej A. Noras Absrac A brief descripion of volage shifing circuis. 1 Inroducion In applicaions requiring a unipolar A volage signal, he signal may be delivered from a bi-polar
Pulse-Width Modulation Inverters
SECTION 3.6 INVERTERS 189 Pulse-Widh Modulaion Inverers Pulse-widh modulaion is he process of modifying he widh of he pulses in a pulse rain in direc proporion o a small conrol signal; he greaer he conrol
Signal Rectification
9/3/25 Signal Recificaion.doc / Signal Recificaion n imporan applicaion of juncion diodes is signal recificaion. here are wo ypes of signal recifiers, half-wae and fullwae. Le s firs consider he ideal
Module 4. Single-phase AC circuits. Version 2 EE IIT, Kharagpur
Module 4 Single-phase A circuis ersion EE T, Kharagpur esson 5 Soluion of urren in A Series and Parallel ircuis ersion EE T, Kharagpur n he las lesson, wo poins were described:. How o solve for he impedance,
Pi Principles i of Communications
Pi Priniples i o Communiaions i Chaper 3: Analog Modulaion (oninued Texbook: Ch 3, Ch 4.-4.4, Ch 6.-6. 3E 3. Ee o Noise on AMS Sysems Baseband sysem (a basis or omparison o various modulaion sysems: No
Bandpass communication and the Complex Envelope
Bandpass ouniaion and he Coplex Envelope EELE445-4 Leure 5 Coplex Envelope Review seions 4- o 4-4 in he ex look a he oplex envelope represenaions in able 4- be able o alulae or ind: oplex envelope o a
Chapter 7. Response of First-Order RL and RC Circuits
Chaper 7. esponse of Firs-Order L and C Circuis 7.1. The Naural esponse of an L Circui 7.2. The Naural esponse of an C Circui 7.3. The ep esponse of L and C Circuis 7.4. A General oluion for ep and Naural
LLC Resonant Converter Reference Design using the dspic DSC
LLC Resonan Converer Reference Design using he dspic DSC 2010 Microchip Technology Incorporaed. All Righs Reserved. LLC Resonan Converer Webinar Slide 1 Hello, and welcome o his web seminar on Microchip
Analogue and Digital Signal Processing. First Term Third Year CS Engineering By Dr Mukhtiar Ali Unar
Analogue and Digial Signal Processing Firs Term Third Year CS Engineering By Dr Mukhiar Ali Unar Recommended Books Haykin S. and Van Veen B.; Signals and Sysems, John Wiley& Sons Inc. ISBN: 0-7-380-7 Ifeachor
9. Capacitor and Resistor Circuits
ElecronicsLab9.nb 1 9. Capacior and Resisor Circuis Inroducion hus far we have consider resisors in various combinaions wih a power supply or baery which provide a consan volage source or direc curren
CHARGE AND DISCHARGE OF A CAPACITOR
REFERENCES RC Circuis: Elecrical Insrumens: Mos Inroducory Physics exs (e.g. A. Halliday and Resnick, Physics ; M. Sernheim and J. Kane, General Physics.) This Laboraory Manual: Commonly Used Insrumens:
IR Receiver Modules for Remote Control Systems
TSOP382.., TSOP384.. IR Receiver Modules for MECHANICAL DATA Pinning: = OUT, 2 =, 3 = V S 926 FEATURES Very low supply curren Phoo deecor and preamplifier in one package Inernal filer for PCM frequency
Transient Analysis of First Order RC and RL circuits
Transien Analysis of Firs Order and iruis The irui shown on Figure 1 wih he swih open is haraerized by a pariular operaing ondiion. Sine he swih is open, no urren flows in he irui (i=0) and v=0. The volage
The front end of the receiver performs the frequency translation, channel selection and amplification of the signal.
Many receivers must be capable of handling a very wide range of signal powers at the input while still producing the correct output. This must be done in the presence of noise and interference which occasionally
The Phase Modulator In NBFM Voice Communication Systems
The Phase Modulator In NBFM Voice Communication Systems Virgil Leenerts 8 March 5 The phase modulator has been a point of discussion as to why it is used and not a frequency modulator in what are called
TSOP48.. IR Receiver Modules for Remote Control Systems VISHAY. Vishay Semiconductors
IR Receiver Modules for Remoe Conrol Sysems Descripion The - series are miniaurized receivers for infrared remoe conrol sysems. PIN diode and preamplifier are assembled on lead frame, he epoxy package
IR Receiver Modules for Remote Control Systems Description
TSOP1.. IR Receiver Modules for Remoe Conrol Sysems Descripion The TSOP1.. - series are miniaurized receivers for infrared remoe conrol sysems. PIN diode and preamplifier are assembled on lead frame, he
Steps for D.C Analysis of MOSFET Circuits
10/22/2004 Seps for DC Analysis of MOSFET Circuis.doc 1/7 Seps for D.C Analysis of MOSFET Circuis To analyze MOSFET circui wih D.C. sources, we mus follow hese five seps: 1. ASSUME an operaing mode 2.
Full-wave rectification, bulk capacitor calculations Chris Basso January 2009
ull-wave recificaion, bulk capacior calculaions Chris Basso January 9 This shor paper shows how o calculae he bulk capacior value based on ripple specificaions and evaluae he rms curren ha crosses i. oal
Photo Modules for PCM Remote Control Systems
Phoo Modules for PCM Remoe Conrol Sysems Available ypes for differen carrier frequencies Type fo Type fo TSOP173 3 khz TSOP1733 33 khz TSOP1736 36 khz TSOP1737 36.7 khz TSOP1738 38 khz TSOP174 4 khz TSOP1756
Photo Modules for PCM Remote Control Systems
Phoo Modules for PCM Remoe Conrol Sysems Available ypes for differen carrier frequencies Type fo Type fo TSOP173 3 khz TSOP1733 33 khz TSOP1736 36 khz TSOP1737 36.7 khz TSOP1738 38 khz TSOP174 4 khz TSOP1756
Inductance and Transient Circuits
Chaper H Inducance and Transien Circuis Blinn College - Physics 2426 - Terry Honan As a consequence of Faraday's law a changing curren hrough one coil induces an EMF in anoher coil; his is known as muual
Introduction to Receivers
Introduction to Receivers Purpose: translate RF signals to baseband Shift frequency Amplify Filter Demodulate Why is this a challenge? Interference (selectivity, images and distortion) Large dynamic range
Dispersion in Optical Fibres
Introdution Optial Communiations Systems Dispersion in Optial Fibre (I) Dispersion limits available bandwidth As bit rates are inreasing, dispersion is beoming a ritial aspet of most systems Dispersion
Communication Systems
AM/FM Receiver Communication Systems We have studied the basic blocks o any communication system Modulator Demodulator Modulation Schemes: Linear Modulation (DSB, AM, SSB, VSB) Angle Modulation (FM, PM)
L and C connected together. To be able: To analyse some basic circuits.
circuits: Sinusoidal Voltages and urrents Aims: To appreciate: Similarities between oscillation in circuit and mechanical pendulum. Role of energy loss mechanisms in damping. Why we study sinusoidal signals
DSP-I DSP-I DSP-I DSP-I
DSP-I DSP-I DSP-I DSP-I Digital Signal Proessing I (8-79) Fall Semester, 005 IIR FILER DESIG EXAMPLE hese notes summarize the design proedure for IIR filters as disussed in lass on ovember. Introdution:
GNSS software receiver sampling noise and clock jitter performance and impact analysis
Inernaional Global Navigaion Saellie Sysems Soiey IGNSS Symposium 3 Ourigger Gold Coas, Qld Ausralia 6-8 July, 3 GNSS sofware reeiver sampling noise and lok performane and impa analysis Chen JianYun ()
Capacitors and inductors
Capaciors and inducors We coninue wih our analysis of linear circuis by inroducing wo new passive and linear elemens: he capacior and he inducor. All he mehods developed so far for he analysis of linear
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. LAB 1 - Introduction to USRP
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev LAB 1 - Introduction to USRP - 1-1 Introduction In this lab you will use software reconfigurable RF hardware from National
Acceleration Lab Teacher s Guide
Acceleraion Lab Teacher s Guide Objecives:. Use graphs of disance vs. ime and velociy vs. ime o find acceleraion of a oy car.. Observe he relaionship beween he angle of an inclined plane and he acceleraion
Chap#5 (Data communication)
Chap#5 (Data communication) Q#1: Define analog transmission. Normally, analog transmission refers to the transmission of analog signals using a band-pass channel. Baseband digital or analog signals are
Switching Regulator IC series Capacitor Calculation for Buck converter IC
Swiching Regulaor IC series Capacior Calculaion for Buck converer IC No.14027ECY02 This applicaion noe explains he calculaion of exernal capacior value for buck converer IC circui. Buck converer IIN IDD
IR Receiver Modules for Remote Control Systems
IR Receiver Modules for Remoe Conrol Sysems 1926 FEATURES Very low supply curren Phoo deecor and preamplifier in one package Inernal filer for PCM frequency Supply volage: 2.5 V o 5.5 V Improved immuniy
Data Transmission. Data Communications Model. CSE 3461 / 5461: Computer Networking & Internet Technologies. Presentation B
CSE 3461 / 5461: Computer Networking & Internet Technologies Data Transmission Presentation B Kannan Srinivasan 08/30/2012 Data Communications Model Figure 1.2 Studying Assignment: 3.1-3.4, 4.1 Presentation
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
Elecromagneic Compaibiliy (EMC) General The aim of elecromagneic compaibiliy consideraions is o avoid or minimize he influence of elecromagneic phenomena on a device, equipmen or sysem and on living or
IR Receiver Module for Light Barrier Systems
IR Receiver Module for Ligh Barrier Sysems MECHANICAL DATA Pinning: 1 = OUT, 2 = GND, 3 = V S 19026 APPLICATIONS Reflecive sensors for hand dryers, owel or soap dispensers, waer fauces, oile flush Vending
RC (Resistor-Capacitor) Circuits. AP Physics C
(Resisor-Capacior Circuis AP Physics C Circui Iniial Condiions An circui is one where you have a capacior and resisor in he same circui. Suppose we have he following circui: Iniially, he capacior is UNCHARGED
NOTES ON OSCILLOSCOPES
NOTES ON OSCILLOSCOPES NOTES ON... OSCILLOSCOPES... Oscilloscope... Analog and Digial... Analog Oscilloscopes... Cahode Ray Oscilloscope Principles... 5 Elecron Gun... 5 The Deflecion Sysem... 6 Displaying
Mobile and Ubiquitous Compu3ng. Mul3plexing for wireless. George Roussos. g.roussos@dcs.bbk.ac.uk
Mobile and Ubiquious Compu3ng Mul3plexing for wireless George Roussos g.roussos@dcs.bbk.ac.uk Overview Sharing he wireless (mul3plexing) in space by frequency in 3me by code PuEng i all ogeher: cellular
Special Relativity Being from Misunderstanding of Principle of Constant Speed of Light
Speial Relaii Being from Misundersanding of riniple of Consan Speed of Ligh Li ifeng Yanshan Uniersi Qinhuangdao Hebei 066004 China Absra Inrodues basi hpoheses and basi iewpoin of spae-ime in speial relaii.
Dimensioning, configuration and deployment of Radio Access Networks. Lecture 2.1: Voice in GSM
Dimensioning, configuration and deployment of Radio Access Networks. Lecture.: Voice in GSM GSM Specified by ETSI Frequency Division Duplex TDMA system Originally at 900MHz, but today also at 800, 800,
Implementation of Digital Signal Processing: Some Background on GFSK Modulation
Implementation of Digital Signal Processing: Some Background on GFSK Modulation Sabih H. Gerez University of Twente, Department of Electrical Engineering s.h.gerez@utwente.nl Version 4 (February 7, 2013)
SOLID MECHANICS TUTORIAL GEAR SYSTEMS. This work covers elements of the syllabus for the Edexcel module 21722P HNC/D Mechanical Principles OUTCOME 3.
SOLI MEHNIS TUTORIL GER SYSTEMS This work covers elemens of he syllabus for he Edexcel module 21722P HN/ Mechanical Principles OUTOME 3. On compleion of his shor uorial you should be able o do he following.
QAM Demodulation. Performance Conclusion. o o o o o. (Nyquist shaping, Clock & Carrier Recovery, AGC, Adaptive Equaliser) o o. Wireless Communications
0 QAM Demodulation o o o o o Application area What is QAM? What are QAM Demodulation Functions? General block diagram of QAM demodulator Explanation of the main function (Nyquist shaping, Clock & Carrier
AP Calculus AB 2013 Scoring Guidelines
AP Calculus AB 1 Scoring Guidelines The College Board The College Board is a mission-driven no-for-profi organizaion ha connecs sudens o college success and opporuniy. Founded in 19, he College Board was
MTH6121 Introduction to Mathematical Finance Lesson 5
26 MTH6121 Inroducion o Mahemaical Finance Lesson 5 Conens 2.3 Brownian moion wih drif........................... 27 2.4 Geomeric Brownian moion........................... 28 2.5 Convergence of random
Suggested Reading. Signals and Systems 4-2
4 Convoluion In Lecure 3 we inroduced and defined a variey of sysem properies o which we will make frequen reference hroughou he course. Of paricular imporance are he properies of lineariy and ime invariance,
25. AM radio receiver
1 25. AM radio receiver The chapter describes the programming of a microcontroller to demodulate a signal from a local radio station. To keep the circuit simple the signal from the local amplitude modulated
1 Multi-channel frequency division multiplex frequency modulation (FDM-FM) emissions
Rec. ITU-R SM.853-1 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R SM.853-1 NECESSARY BANDWIDTH (Question ITU-R 77/1) Rec. ITU-R SM.853-1 (1992-1997) The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that the concept of necessary
Frequency Response of Filters
School of Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering 332:224 Principles of Electrical Engineering II Laboratory Experiment 2 Frequency Response of Filters 1 Introduction Objectives To
DC-DC Boost Converter with Constant Output Voltage for Grid Connected Photovoltaic Application System
DC-DC Boos Converer wih Consan Oupu Volage for Grid Conneced Phoovolaic Applicaion Sysem Pui-Weng Chan, Syafrudin Masri Universii Sains Malaysia E-mail: edmond_chan85@homail.com, syaf@eng.usm.my Absrac
Diagnostic Examination
Diagnosic Examinaion TOPIC XV: ENGINEERING ECONOMICS TIME LIMIT: 45 MINUTES 1. Approximaely how many years will i ake o double an invesmen a a 6% effecive annual rae? (A) 10 yr (B) 12 yr (C) 15 yr (D)
Solution. (Chapters 5-6-7-8) Dr. Hasan Qunoo. The Islamic University of Gaza. Faculty of Engineering. Computer Engineering Department
The Islamic University of Gaza Faculty of Engineering Computer Engineering Department Data Communications ECOM 4314 Solution (Chapters 5-6-7-8) Dr. Hasan Qunoo Eng. Wafaa Audah Eng. Waleed Mousa 1. A cable
IR Receiver Modules for Remote Control Systems
MECHANICAL DATA Pinning for TSOP382.., TSOP384..: 1 = OUT, 2 = GND, 3 = V S Pinning for TSOP392.., TSOP394..: 1 = OUT, 2 = V S, 3 = GND 1926 FEATURES Very low supply curren Phoo deecor and preamplifier
RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BS.704 *, ** Characteristics of FM sound broadcasting reference receivers for planning purposes
Rec. ITU-R BS.704 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BS.704 *, ** Characteristics of FM sound broadcasting reference receivers for planning purposes (1990) The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that
MAINTENANCE & ADJUSTMENT
MAINTENANCE & ADJUSTMENT Circuit Theory The concept of PLL system frequency synthesization is not of recent development, however, it has not been a long age since the digital theory has been couplet with
Timing Errors and Jitter
Timing Errors and Jitter Background Mike Story In a sampled (digital) system, samples have to be accurate in level and time. The digital system uses the two bits of information the signal was this big
Fourier Series and Fourier Transform
Fourier Series and Fourier ransform Complex exponenials Complex version of Fourier Series ime Shifing, Magniude, Phase Fourier ransform Copyrigh 2007 by M.H. Perro All righs reserved. 6.082 Spring 2007
Amplitude Modulation Fundamentals
3 chapter Amplitude Modulation Fundamentals In the modulation process, the baseband voice, video, or digital signal modifies another, higher-frequency signal called the carrier, which is usually a sine
DT3: RF On/Off Remote Control Technology. Rodney Singleton Joe Larsen Luis Garcia Rafael Ocampo Mike Moulton Eric Hatch
DT3: RF On/Off Remote Control Technology Rodney Singleton Joe Larsen Luis Garcia Rafael Ocampo Mike Moulton Eric Hatch Agenda Radio Frequency Overview Frequency Selection Signals Methods Modulation Methods
Automatic measurement and detection of GSM interferences
Auomaic measuremen and deecion of GSM inerferences Poor speech qualiy and dropped calls in GSM neworks may be caused by inerferences as a resul of high raffic load. The radio nework analyzers from Rohde
On Jitter by Dan Lavry, Lavry Engineering, Inc. email: dan@lavryengineering.com
On Jier by Dan Lavry, Lavry Engineering, Inc. email: dan@lavryengineering.com Copyrigh 1997 Lavry Engineering The firs par of his aricle for people who wan o gain some inuiive undersanding abou clock jier
Electronic Communications Committee (ECC) within the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT)
Page 1 Electronic Communications Committee (ECC) within the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) ECC RECOMMENDATION (06)01 Bandwidth measurements using FFT techniques
TSOP7000. IR Receiver for High Data Rate PCM at 455 khz. Vishay Semiconductors
TSOP7000 IR Receiver for High Daa Rae PCM a 455 khz Descripion The TSOP7000 is a miniaurized receiver for infrared remoe conrol and IR daa ransmission. PIN diode and preamplifier are assembled on lead
Search for Gravitational Waves from Black Hole Ringdowns
Search for Graviaional Waves from Black Hole Ringdowns Y. Tsunesada, D. Tasumi (NAOJ) N. Kanda, H. Nakano (Osaka-CU) H. Tagoshi, H. Takahashi (Osaka-U) M. Ando (U-Tokyo) and he TAMA Collaboraion 5 h E.
AN1200.04. Application Note: FCC Regulations for ISM Band Devices: 902-928 MHz. FCC Regulations for ISM Band Devices: 902-928 MHz
AN1200.04 Application Note: FCC Regulations for ISM Band Devices: Copyright Semtech 2006 1 of 15 www.semtech.com 1 Table of Contents 1 Table of Contents...2 1.1 Index of Figures...2 1.2 Index of Tables...2
Digital Modulation. David Tipper. Department of Information Science and Telecommunications University of Pittsburgh. Typical Communication System
Digital Modulation David Tipper Associate Professor Department of Information Science and Telecommunications University of Pittsburgh http://www.tele.pitt.edu/tipper.html Typical Communication System Source
Lecture 1-6: Noise and Filters
Lecture 1-6: Noise and Filters Overview 1. Periodic and Aperiodic Signals Review: by periodic signals, we mean signals that have a waveform shape that repeats. The time taken for the waveform to repeat
Fourier Series & The Fourier Transform
Fourier Series & The Fourier Transform Wha is he Fourier Transform? Fourier Cosine Series for even funcions and Sine Series for odd funcions The coninuous limi: he Fourier ransform (and is inverse) The
µ r of the ferrite amounts to 1000...4000. It should be noted that the magnetic length of the + δ
Page 9 Design of Inducors and High Frequency Transformers Inducors sore energy, ransformers ransfer energy. This is he prime difference. The magneic cores are significanly differen for inducors and high
SINAMICS S120 drive system
SINAMICS S120 drive sysem Design PM340, frame sizes FSA o FSF The PM340 feaure he following connecions as sandard: DCP/R1 and DCN DC link Terminals DCP/R1 and R2 for connecion of an exernal braking PM-IF
Application of Fast Response Dual-Colour Pyroelectric Detectors with Integrated Op Amp in a Low Power NDIR Gas Monitor
Applicaion of Fas Response DualColour Pyroelecric Deecors wih Inegraed Op Amp in a Low Power NDIR Gas Monior Infraec GmbH, Gosrizer Sr. 663, 027 Dresden. Inroducion Monioring he concenraion of carbon dioxide
INTRODUCTION TO EMAIL MARKETING PERSONALIZATION. How to increase your sales with personalized triggered emails
INTRODUCTION TO EMAIL MARKETING PERSONALIZATION How o increase your sales wih personalized riggered emails ECOMMERCE TRIGGERED EMAILS BEST PRACTICES Triggered emails are generaed in real ime based on each
T = 1 f. Phase. Measure of relative position in time within a single period of a signal For a periodic signal f(t), phase is fractional part t p
Data Transmission Concepts and terminology Transmission terminology Transmission from transmitter to receiver goes over some transmission medium using electromagnetic waves Guided media. Waves are guided
Chapter 8: Regression with Lagged Explanatory Variables
Chaper 8: Regression wih Lagged Explanaory Variables Time series daa: Y for =1,..,T End goal: Regression model relaing a dependen variable o explanaory variables. Wih ime series new issues arise: 1. One
INTRODUCTION FIGURE 1 1. Cosmic Rays. Gamma Rays. X-Rays. Ultraviolet Violet Blue Green Yellow Orange Red Infrared. Ultraviolet.
INTRODUCTION Fibre optics behave quite different to metal cables. The concept of information transmission is the same though. We need to take a "carrier" signal, identify a signal parameter we can modulate,
How to calculate effect sizes from published research: A simplified methodology
WORK-LEARNING RESEARCH How o alulae effe sizes from published researh: A simplified mehodology Will Thalheimer Samanha Cook A Publiaion Copyrigh 2002 by Will Thalheimer All righs are reserved wih one exepion.
7. Beats. sin( + λ) + sin( λ) = 2 cos(λ) sin( )
34 7. Beats 7.1. What beats are. Musicians tune their instruments using beats. Beats occur when two very nearby pitches are sounded simultaneously. We ll make a mathematical study of this effect, using
Propagation Channel Emulator ECP_V3
Navigation simulators Propagation Channel Emulator ECP_V3 1 Product Description The ECP (Propagation Channel Emulator V3) synthesizes the principal phenomena of propagation occurring on RF signal links
Full-wave Bridge Rectifier Analysis
Full-wave Brige Recifier Analysis Jahan A. Feuch, Ocober, 00 his aer evelos aroximae equais for esigning or analyzing a full-wave brige recifier eak-eecor circui. his circui is commly use in A o D cverers,
13. a. If the one-year discount factor is.905, what is the one-year interest rate?
CHAPTER 3: Pracice quesions 3. a. If he one-year discoun facor is.905, wha is he one-year ineres rae? = DF = + r 0.905 r = 0.050 = 0.50% b. If he wo-year ineres rae is 0.5 percen, wha is he wo-year discoun
HALF-WAVE & FULL-WAVE RECTIFICATION
HALF-WAE & FULL-WAE RECTIFICATION Objectives: HALF-WAE & FULL-WAE RECTIFICATION To recognize a half-wave rectified sinusoidal voltage. To understand the term mean value as alied to a rectified waveform.
THE BASICS OF PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIS
Supplementary Reading for 27 - Oscillators Ron Bertrand VK2DQ http://www.radioelectronicschool.com THE BASICS OF PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIS The phase locked loop (PLL) method of frequency synthesis is now
Imagine a Source (S) of sound waves that emits waves having frequency f and therefore
heoreical Noes: he oppler Eec wih ound Imagine a ource () o sound waes ha emis waes haing requency and hereore period as measured in he res rame o he ource (). his means ha any eecor () ha is no moing
Understanding the Effect of Uncorrelated Phase Noise on Multi-channel RF Vector Signal Generators and Analysers
Understanding the Effect of Uncorrelated Phase Noise on Multi-channel RF Vector Signal Generators and Analysers David A. Hall, Product Marketing Manager Andy Hinde, RF Systems Engineer Introduction With
Analog and Digital Signals, Time and Frequency Representation of Signals
1 Analog and Digital Signals, Time and Frequency Representation of Signals Required reading: Garcia 3.1, 3.2 CSE 3213, Fall 2010 Instructor: N. Vlajic 2 Data vs. Signal Analog vs. Digital Analog Signals
The Transport Equation
The Transpor Equaion Consider a fluid, flowing wih velociy, V, in a hin sraigh ube whose cross secion will be denoed by A. Suppose he fluid conains a conaminan whose concenraion a posiion a ime will be
Ultrasound Distance Measurement
Final Project Report E3390 Electronic Circuits Design Lab Ultrasound Distance Measurement Yiting Feng Izel Niyage Asif Quyyum Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science
Intuitive Guide to Principles of Communications By Charan Langton www.complextoreal.com
Intuitive Guide to Priniples of Communiations By Charan Langton www.omplextoreal.om Understanding Frequeny Modulation (FM), Frequeny Shift Keying (FSK), Sunde s FSK and MSK and some more The proess of
AM Receiver. Prelab. baseband
AM Receiver Prelab In this experiment you will use what you learned in your previous lab sessions to make an AM receiver circuit. You will construct an envelope detector AM receiver. P1) Introduction One
Sampling Theorem Notes. Recall: That a time sampled signal is like taking a snap shot or picture of signal periodically.
Sampling Theorem We will show that a band limited signal can be reconstructed exactly from its discrete time samples. Recall: That a time sampled signal is like taking a snap shot or picture of signal
TECHNICAL INFORMATION FOR FREQUENCY PLANNING IN-BUILDING COAXIAL CABLE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (IBCCDS)
HKTA 1105 ISSUE 5 TECHNICAL INFORMATION FOR FREQUENCY PLANNING OF IN-BUILDING COAXIAL CABLE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (IBCCDS) TELECOMMUNICATIONS AUTHORITY HONG KONG FOREWORD 1. This document intends to provide
Modulation and Demodulation
16 Modulation and Demodulation 16.1 Radio Broadcasting, Transmission and Reception 16. Modulation 16.3 Types of Modulation 16.4 Amplitude Modulation 16.5 Modulation Factor 16.6 Analysis of Amplitude Modulated
(Refer Slide Time: 2:10)
Data Communications Prof. A. Pal Department of Computer Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Lecture-12 Multiplexer Applications-1 Hello and welcome to today s lecture on multiplexer
3F4 Digital Modulation Course
3F4 Digial Modulaion Course (supervisor copy) 1 3F4 Digial Modulaion Course Nick Kingsbury February 10, 2016 Conens 1 Modulaion, Phasors and Bandlimied Noise 3 1.1 Types of Modulaion - AM, FM, PM........................
Multiplexing on Wireline Telephone Systems
Multiplexing on Wireline Telephone Systems Isha Batra, Divya Raheja Information Technology, Dronacharya College of Engineering Farrukh Nagar, Gurgaon, India ABSTRACT- This Paper Outlines a research multiplexing