NATO s Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements
|
|
|
- Theodore Rafe Holmes
- 9 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 NATO s Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements Erdal CAYIRCI Simulation, Modelling and C4 Division CAX Support Branch Joint Warfare Centre Stavanger Norway [email protected] 1. INTRODUCTION A computer assisted exercise (CAX) is a type of synthetic exercise (SYNEX) where forces are generated, moved and managed in a simulation environment. Therefore, CAX support is often thought limited to installing and running a military constructive simulation during a command post exercise (CPX). In this perception CAX support is to replace or to help response cells, high level commands (HICON), low level commands (LOCON) by running a set of stochastic processes to find out the possible outcomes of the decisions or requests coming from the training audience (TA). However, a CAX is in essence a CPX where electronic means are used to immerse the TA in a realistic situation and environment, and to help the exercise planning group (EPG) and the exercise control staff (EXCON) for controlling the exercise process (EP) so that it achieves the objectives. Concept & Specification Development Execution Planning & Product Development Post Exercise Analysis & Reporting Figure 1. Exercise Process. Therefore, CAX support is more than setting and running a military constructive simulation system. CAX tools should be involved in all stages of an EP depicted in Figure 1 to automate the processes, to reduce the duplication of work, to enhance the exercise environment, and to ensure that the EP flows towards the objectives. The CAX tools in this perspective can be categorized into four classes: Exercise planning and management tools: These tools can be used for the automation of processes, information management and information exchange for the preparation of the exercise specification (EXPEC) and exercise plan (EXPLAN) documents and the products related to these documents. They can help the preparation of scenario as well as the main events and incidents Cayirci, E. (2006) NATO s Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements. In Transforming Training and Experimentation through Modelling and Simulation (pp ). Meeting Proceedings RTO-MP-MSG-045, Paper 1. Neuilly-sur-Seine, France: RTO. Available from: RTO-MP-MSG
2 Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. 1. REPORT DATE 01 NOV REPORT TYPE N/A 3. DATES COVERED - 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE NATOs Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Simulation, Modelling and C4 Division CAX Support Branch Joint Warfare Centre Stavanger Norway 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR S ACRONYM(S) 12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release, distribution unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES See also ADM , The original document contains color images. 14. ABSTRACT 15. SUBJECT TERMS 11. SPONSOR/MONITOR S REPORT NUMBER(S) 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT UU a. REPORT unclassified b. ABSTRACT unclassified c. THIS PAGE unclassified 18. NUMBER OF PAGES 47 19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18
3 NATO's Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements lists (MEL/MIL). They can also have interfaces for the CAX tools that fall in the other categories. Through these interfaces the data collected during the specification and planning stages can be directly fed into simulation as well as command and control (C2) software. Constructive simulation systems and ancillary tools: These are the simulation systems and the software needed to run the simulation, e.g., database preparation tools, user interfaces, etc. Interfaces to C2 and operational planning tools: Simulation systems should be transparent to the TA. Especially primary TA (PTA) should only use C2 systems that can be available during an operation. Therefore, interfaces between the simulation software and C2 systems are needed. Similar interfaces are also needed for the operational planning (OP) tools because they also need the data related to the exercise scenario. Experimentation and analysis tools: These are the programs used for designing and managing experiments by using CAX data and for compiling and presenting the data collected by the simulation system as well as deriving information from these data. For the time being there are tools that fall in some of these categories in NATO. However, to the best of our knowledge, these categories are not fully filled yet. Moreover a web enabled and integrated software that automates all of the phases from exercise specification to the lessons learned phase, and can interact with simulation, C2 and OP systems would be much better than having separate systems for each item in the EP. In this paper we broadly define the requirements and components for such a joint CAX management system (JCMS). Please note that we concentrate on NATO CAXs, and develop the requirements based on the EP and tools available within NATO. Nevertheless, we think that our approach is generic enough to be adapted for the national requirements. In the next section, we examine each category of CAX tools. We also list the systems that are available in NATO and fall in one of these categories in the same section. We briefly explain our preliminary ideas about JCMS in Section 3. Section 4 concludes our paper. 2. COMPUTER ASSISTED EXERCISE TOOLS The EP for a CAX starts by developing exercise concept and specification. The officer scheduling the exercise (OSE) leads this phase. Exercise planning group (EPG) is activated, exercise objectives, mission priorities, missions and the essential tasks for the primary TA, the type and the form of the exercise are determined. Then these are stated in an EXPEC with the other details that will be needed during the exercise planning process. CAX support tools may support an EP starting at this early stage. Automatic events by a simulation Computer Assisted CPX CAX Manual injections based on scripted MEL/MIL Manual CPX Factors: exercise objectives, tasks, size of the exercise, capabilities and availabilities of the simulations, costs, time Figure 2. Simulation during a CPX. 1-2 RTO-MP-MSG-045
4 NATO's Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements 2.1. CAX planning tools During a CPX, the situation, the common operational picture and the injections can be generated automatically by a simulation system or created and calculated by the EXCON manually based on major events and incidents (MEL/MIL) lists. Between these two extreme cases there are hybrid approaches where manual means and simulation are used in conjunction as shown in Figure 2. Although that can be changed later during the EP, the broad decision for this, i.e., which simulation systems will be used to which extend in the exercise, should be taken before the approved EXSPEC is issued. At least, it should be decided whether a simulation system will be used or not. This decision is based on several factors including: Exercise training objectives, Missions and operational tasks, Capabilities and the availabilities of the simulation systems Constraints on the resources such as budget, time, space, man power and CIS capabilities A software tool can provide a structured way to derive the training objectives, missions and operational tasks based on current documents such as training/exercise programmes, training/exercise directives and guides, lessons learned databases, the statements by the OSE, OCE and PTA Commander. Then this tool may compare the requirements with the capabilities of the available simulation systems, and can even figure out the required resources, e.g., man power, CIS infrastructure, the cost of simulation, etc, according to some additional parameters such as the level of exercise and the size and the number of component commands. Since the number of available simulation systems is often small and it is easy to decide on the appropriate system, this tool can be more useful in determining weaknesses of a simulation system and approximate cost of using them for a certain exercise. After the EXSPEC, OCE issues the exercise planning guidance. The next key milestone in an EP is the promulgation of the exercise plan (EXPLAN). In the preparation of EXPLAN many exercise support products including the following are prepared: Road to Crises MEL/MIL Operational planning process documents Political resolutions Force activation/transfer of authority messages Intelligence products Friendly/Enemy order of battle (FOB/EOB) databases Geographical information system databases Operational plans Many of these are parts of a scenario made up of modules which can be further decomposed into submodules depicted in Table 1. A new scenario can be developed by carefully scrutinizing and merging available off the shelf sub-modules shown in Table 1. For example, geography can be selected from the generic or real exercise geography databases, and modified according to the specific needs of an exercise. Then country books can be selected from the shelf, massaged according to the needs and merged with the geography. RTO-MP-MSG
5 NATO's Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements A tool that is in line with the EP can automate this, and reduce the cost of the scenario products. Please note that various scenario modules related to each other are prepared during different stages of the EP by different staff members. For example geo strategic situation module should be an annex to an EXPEC. After the EXSPEC is issued, several other products for the other modules are developed based on the geo strategic module during the EP. Intelligence report is an example for this. An intelligent report must be consistent with the geo strategic module and more than one intelligent report are produced as a part of crises response planning, force activation and deployment, and execution information modules. The scenario development tool should fit in these requirements. Table 1. Scenario modules. Modules Geo-strategic situation Theatre of operations Strategic Initiation Module Crises response planning information Force activation and deployment information Execution information Sub-modules Map Historical background Political, military, economic, humanitarian, legal conditions Map dataset Theatre data Country books Friendly and enemy order of battle Road to crises United Nations Security Council resolutions Strategic military assessment NAC initiating directive Strategic planning guidance Intelligence summary Friendly forces Civil/military, environmental assessments Recce reports OPP tool data sets ACTWARN/ACTREQ messages FORCEREP messages Allied force list Force balancing results SOFAs/MOUs/Tas Multinational deployment plan Intelligence summary Joint target list NCRS messages Rules of engagement authorization Road to war Intelligence summary Assessment reports Order of battle Situation reports Common operating pictures for C2 systems MEL/MIL database Among the NATO tools in Table 2, joint exercise scenario tool (JEST) is being developed to generate scenario products. It is still under development, and has not been fully used in any exercise yet. The current version of JEST is designed mainly to prepare country books, exercise organization and ORBAT that can be fed directly into ORBAT editor, which is a tool used to develop the database for the forces in joint theatre level simulation (JTLS). 1-4 RTO-MP-MSG-045
6 NATO's Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements Table 2. NATO CAX support tools. Tool Joint Exercise Scenario Tool (JEST) Joint Exercise Management Module (JEMM) ORBAT Editor Map Unit Builder (MUB) Database Development System (DDS) Terrain Modification Utility Joint Theater Level Simulation (JTLS) Joint Conflict and Tactical Simulation (JCATS) Joint Multi Resolution Model (JMRM) Web Hosted Interface Program (WHIP) CAX DiStaff Environment (CADIE) Joint Order Translation Module (JOTM) Data Initialization Tools for OPP Systems JTLS ICC Mediationware (JIM) Formal Report Generator Description Scenario preparation by also using on the shelf scenario products MEL/MIL scripting and management Unit, target and terrain data collection for JTLS Unit, target and terrain data collection for JTLS JTLS database management software JTLS terrain data management software A joint constructive simulation system for operational and higher levels A joint constructive simulation system for operational and lower levels An HLA federation where JTLS and JCATS are among the federates WEB Enabled JTLS Interface A software that provides operational picture from JTLS for the EXCON personnel A user friendly interface to enter orders into JTLS Data initialization scripts and interfaces for tools such as ADAMS and TOPFAS Interface between JTLS and ICC The module which translates the updates coming from JTLS into text files that complies with the formal NATO message formats Another important scenario product is the main events and incidents lists (MEL/MIL). In order to achieve the exercise objectives, events and incidents are designed and injections are developed according to them before the exercise. Events are major occurrences or a sequence of related incidents, which are actions or situations that provide greater clarity to an event. An injection is the way of bringing an incident to the attention of players. They are listed in MEL/MIL that are usually not fixed, and should be modified during an exercise, i.e., dynamically scripted throughout the exercise. In addition to this many injections are created automatically by the simulation system during a CAX. They should also be carefully monitored for two reasons: Exercise control (EXCON) staff needs to follow the management of the incidents and events from the beginning to the end. It may be sometimes possible that an incident created due to the developing situation by the simulation is missed at the beginning, and therefore not handled by TA and EXCON properly. This risk can be reduced by using a tool that can detect the incidents which rises from the developing situation in the simulation, and sends a warning message to the EXCON. Some of the incidents created automatically can hamper the exercise goals, and therefore may need to be removed in advance before they come into the attention of the TA. RTO-MP-MSG
7 NATO's Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements As it is clear from the previous paragraphs, MEL/MIL management is a key requirement that does not only impact on the planning phase but also the execution phase of an EP. Even it is important also for the post exercise analysis and reporting phase carried out based on the actions taken by TA for the events and incidents. Therefore, a tool that can automate the MEL/MIL scripting, provides the interfaces between the MEL/MIL scripts and the simulation, and collects the lessons identified from the execution of the scripts, is important for CAX support. Joint exercise management module (JEMM) of NATO fulfils almost all of these functionalities. It is a developing software that has weaknesses on the detection of automatic injections by simulation and collecting lessons identified. It is widely used in NATO exercises and improves continuously according to the user feedback. Another important part of scenario is friendly / enemy / situational forces and orders of battle which makes also the main part of the simulation database. During an EP the preparation of this database takes most of the time of CAX support personnel, and its accuracy has an impact on the results of simulation. A software that improves the efficiency of data collection, verification and validation has therefore the utmost importance. ORBAT editor of NATO is designed to collect the unit and target data and visualize them. We will further elaborate ORBAT editor in the next sub-section. The interaction of this kind of tools with the scenario preparation software can increase the efficiency of EP. JEST is planned to feed the data collected during the scenario preparation phase directly to the orbat editor Constructive simulation systems and ancillary tools Military simulation systems are categorized into three broad classes shown in Table 3: Live simulation refers to a simulation that involves real people operating real systems, e.g. live exercises. Virtual simulation refers to a simulation that involves real people operating simulated systems, e.g. a flight or tank simulator. Constructive simulation refers to a simulation that involves simulated people operating in simulated systems, e.g. combat models. Table 3. Military simulations. Category People Systems Live Real Real Virtual Real Simulated Constructive simulated Simulated Although the interaction of these categories of simulation systems is possible by using the state of the art technology, and all of them, i.e., live, virtual and constructive simulations, may be used during the execution of a CAX, a military constructive simulation system constitutes the core of the CAX support. The definition of constructive simulation states that the people operating the simulated systems are also simulated. However, real people enter the commands during these simulations. Constructive simulations are designed to find out the possible outcomes of the courses of actions taken by the real people. They are constructed by many models often stochastic processes that calculate the results of interactions between the entities or units in a theatre. Constructive simulation systems can be classified into two categories according to their resolution as summarized in Table 4: 1-6 RTO-MP-MSG-045
8 NATO's Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements High resolution simulations are entity level simulations where singular military objects, e.g. a soldier, a tank, an aircraft, are the primary objects represented. They are designed for the lower military echelons such as platoon, company and battalion. The resolution of terrain data is higher sometimes up to the plans of individual buildings. However, the simulated terrain is often limited to 200 km 200 km. Highly aggregated simulations are aggregate level simulations where collections of military assets, i.e., units, are the primary objects represented. They are designed for the higher military echelons such as corps level. They use lower resolution terrain data but they can simulate in very large areas as large as continents. Table 4. Military constructive simulations. Category Level Objects Echelon Terrain High Resolution Entity Singular objects, Tactical, High resolution, 200km 200km e.g. tank, troop e.g., platoon, company Highly Aggregated Aggregate Units, e.g. battalion, company Operational, e.g., corps Low resolution, 4000km 4000km The gap between high resolution and highly aggregated simulation systems are tend to be closed. State of the art entity level simulations can be used up to operational levels, i.e., corps, and simulate in regions as large as 2500 km 2500 km. On the other hand aggregate level simulations tend to be capable to simulate the entities such as a single troop and a tank. However, the nature of CPXs in operational and tactical levels enforces to assess the situation in aggregate and entity levels respectively, and the CPXs are manned according to this though it may sometimes be required to interact with the simulation in multiple levels. Therefore, the current trend is toward to have either a single system that can aggregate and de-aggregate the units and entities or a multi resolution federation of entity and aggregate level simulations. The constructive simulation systems can also be categorized based on their functionalities as follows: Service models are the simulation systems developed for the needs of a single service, i.e., army, navy or air force. Joint models are either the simulation systems that fulfil the requirements of all services or federations made up of service models. Expert models are developed specifically to simulate certain functionalities in theatre such as logistics, intelligence, electronic warfare, homeland security and space operations. They can also join federations. Various constructive simulation systems are used in NATO. Among these JTLS and joint conflict and tactical simulation (JCATS) are more important for JWC and Joint Force Training Centre (JFTC). JTLS is a highly aggregated joint constructive simulation systems used in CAXs supported by JWC. JCATS is a high resolution joint constructive simulation system that will be used in the exercises supported by JFTC. Joint multi-resolution model (JMRM) federation depicted in Figure 3 is being developed in the US to integrate existing operational and tactical level simulations into a training federation. It is still being tested in the exercises in the US, and a part of this federation, i.e., mainly JTLS-JCATS federation, is also available for NATO usage. Therefore, we can expect multi-resolution distributed CAXs conducted by JWC and JFTC together. RTO-MP-MSG
9 NATO's Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements JTLS Entity JCATS Level C2 Interfaces RTM, GEM, TBMCS Federation Infrastructure Intelligence TACSIM, NWARS, ACE-IOS MDST AAR SITH AAR Logistics JDLM Virtual Sims MUSE/AFSERS Figure 3. Joint Multi Resolution Model. A user friendly interface is a very important component for constructive simulations. The user interface should also be easy to install and maintain as well as the data traffic between the simulation system and the interfaces should not be higher than the available network capacities. Web hosted interface program (WHIP) is the user interface for web enabled JTLS (WEJ). It is easier to install and maintain comparing to the GENIS-GIAC architecture used in previous versions of JTLS. Ancillary systems reduce the overall cost of using constructive simulation systems during CAXs. These mainly include the tools that support the database preparation and review process for the simulation, and increase the efficiency of the procedures for the interaction between the EXCON and the simulation. Please note that the interaction between the TA and the simulation is different from the interaction between the EXCON and the simulation. That will be elaborated in the following subsection. NATO has many ancillary systems that support JTLS. ORBAT Editor is one of them, and it provides a set of features that support the database preparation and review process for JTLS. These features include tools to review and update the unit data such as the name of the unit, the combat systems owned by the unit, associated targets, the other units that have the same characteristics, command structure, and support structure. Map Unit Builder (MUB) supports CAX planners in the geographic setting of a CAX. This includes the modification of the terrain features and locating units in their start of exercise (STARTEX) positions. Please note that JTLS represents the terrain data by hexagons. MUB can modify the terrain characteristics (e.g., wood, desert, ocean, etc) and the altitude or the depth of the hexagons as well as the obstacles along the edges of the hexagons. 1-8 RTO-MP-MSG-045
10 NATO's Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements In addition to the unit and terrain data, a simulation database has even more details related to the lethality, communications, logistics and many other issues. Most of these data are transparent to TA and even EXCON personnel. Currently database development system (DDS) as well as standard query language (SQL) interfaces are used to enter and maintain these important data for JTLS. DDS and terrain modification utility (TMU) are the CAX database tools available in standard JTLS releases. DDS is used to create and modify all kinds of parametric, target and unit data. TMU is for terrain data maintenance. CAX DiStaff Environment (CADIE) and joint order translation module (JOTM) are developed to provide an easy to use and powerful environment for planners and CAX support personnel to control a CAX. CADIE is mainly for EXCON to better monitor the situation in the simulation and to have the most up to date and clear perception about the latest operational picture. JOTM helps EXCON to develop plans and execute them in an efficient manner in the simulation. Another important requirement is for semi-automated and automated forces software that can control the situational and enemy forces during CAXs. These tools can reduce the cost and the required manpower considerably. Moreover, they can increase the viability of using constructive simulation systems for offline experiments, i.e. experiments that are not carried out during a CAX. There is not such a tool available for JTLS or JCATS in NATO for the time being Mediation tools between the simulation and C4I/OPP systems SYNEX tools must replicate C4I environments during CAXs. In other words, simulation systems and all the other related software must be transparent to the TA. They should carry out the exercise as they are in an operation and commanding their subordinates by using C4I systems normally available to them. They should also be able to receive the orders and to send the reports through these systems. This transparency can be achieved by the mediation tools between the simulation and C4I systems. NATO has the mediation tools listed in Table 2. JTLS ICC Mediation-ware (JIM) is one of these tools. It provides the interface between JTLS and interim command and control (ICC) system which is an integrated C3I environment that provides information and decision support to NATO Combined Air Operations Centres (CAOC). JIM contains the following four modules: ICC initialize module initializes ICC with the data in the JTLS database. Air tasking order (ATO) compiler translates an ATO from the ICC format to JTLS orders. ICC update module updates ICC data based on the outputs of JTLS. ICC track formatter transforms JTLS track data into ICC format to show recognized air picture on ICC. Table 5. NATO OPP tools. Tool Tools for operational planning, force activation and simulation (TOPFAS) Allied deployment and movement system (ADAMS) ACE resource optimization software system (ACROSS) Land-air-maritime battle determination algorithms (LAMBDA) Description It supports operational planning and force activation, and interfaces with ACROSS and ADAMS. It supports the evaluation and planning of movement and transportation operations. It calculates the munition requirements for the assigned forces. It is a spreadsheet application used for course of action evaluation and comparison. RTO-MP-MSG
11 NATO's Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements Global aggregated model for military assessment (GAMMA) Theatre level assessment model for aerospace related issues (TAMARI) It is a highly aggregated constructive simulation system designed to evaluate courses of actions. It is a theatre level air/land simulation system developed to analyze force compositions and identify requirements. Another important mediation tool developed for JTLS is formal report generator that transfers the updates coming from JTLS into text files that complies with the formal NATO message formats. Then these text files can be ed or passed to a military message distribution system where NATO C2 systems such as JOIIS, MCCIS and NORCCIS can read them and update their databases accordingly. NATO has several OPP tools, and they also need mediation-ware for the simulation system used in CAXs. Important NATO OPP tools include but not limited to the ones depicted in Table 5. TAs are encouraged to use them during CAXs. However, this requires the initialization of them with the data from the simulation, and the ability to transform the plans developed by using these tools to the orders for the simulation should also be available. There are some preliminary designs and software that can partly achieve this. For the time being, all of the NATO ancillary systems for the constructive simulations and C4I systems mediation-ware are developed for JTLS but not for JCATS. Their adaptation and modification for JCATS will be required when JMRM and JCATS are available for JWC and JFTC. The projects for this capability have already been planned Experimentation and Analysis Tools A very important class of tools that completes CAX support is for processing the huge amount of data collected by the simulation system during CAXs. Without these tools it is almost not possible to evaluate the simulation results. These tools can analyze the performance data related to certain performance metrics according to a set of factoring parameters. They can even help to determine the performance metrics and factors based on the observable or controllable parameters in the simulation. Then they can present the results both in various tabular and graphical formats. The current version of JTLS does not have such a post processor. JCATS has a post processor that needs further development for the NATO requirements. Apart from this, there are only preliminary versions of some modules that can be used for this purpose. We can conclude that this is an empty field for the NATO CAX support domain in especially JWC level. 3. JOINT CAX MANAGEMENT SYSTEM In the previous section, we elaborate the requirements and capabilities of NATO CAX support tools available for JWC and JFTC. In this section we provide our preliminary thoughts about the design of a joint CAX management system (JCMS) that integrates all classes of CAX support tools into a single web based efficient system of modules. JCMS has three main components: JCMS database JCMS server Web based JCMS interface 1-10 RTO-MP-MSG-045
12 NATO's Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements JCMS server is a collection of modules that can be invoked by users using a web browser either through local area or wide area access. Moreover, it is also possible to replicate the database and the server for batch mode remote site installation and merge the data collected at the remote site into the main database as required. Users, their access rights, and the procedures that update the database are arranged such that it matches with the current EP. For example, only OCE officer of primary responsibility (OPR) can submit an exercise planning guidance only after the related EXSPEC is submitted to the system. JWC JCMS Database RJCMS User 1 JCMS Server NU or NS WAN RJCMS User n JCMS User 1 JCMS User n Figure 4. The general architecture of JCMS JCMS Database JCMS has a relational database that manages four categories of data shown in Figure 5. JCMS Database User Data Meta Data Archival Data Component Data Figure 5. JCMS database. User data defines the users, their contact details as well as their access rights. Meta-data is the data that defines the characteristics of the data available in JCMS database. For example, the name, type and size of a scenario available in JCMS database can be stored among the meta-data to be able to find out a previous scenario that fulfils the requirements for a new scenario the best. RTO-MP-MSG
13 NATO's Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements Archival data are the data from the previous exercises. These archives contain all the products, databases, and the data collected during an exercise, including: OSE exercise guidance EXSPEC OCE exercise planning guidance Scenario products including MEL/MIL Exercise plan (EXPLAN) Operational plans (OPLANS) JTLS and JCATS databases Checkpoint data for JTLS and JCATS Lessons identified Final exercise reports and lessons learned Component data are the components needed for the EP products and constructive simulation system databases. These data are in the most generic form. This does not mean that they cannot be based real data. They can be real data but they do not contain fields like date and unit name. They are atomic which means that they cannot be decomposed into smaller components. Component data include the following: Terrain data have both real and fictitious terrain. Raster maps, vector data in various details (e.g., as detailed as building plans), elevation and depth data in various resolution shall be available in this database. Components related to country books include political, military, economic, cultural, humanitarian, legal data as well as data about important political figures. A new country book can be created by synthesizing these components. Events and incidents can be categorized such that those for the road to crises, combat, peace support, crises response operations related. Components related to other scenario products such as United Nation Security Council resolutions, North Atlantic Council Directives, assessment reports are also among the component data. Prototypes for units, targets, combat systems, supply categories should be available for both real and fictitious scenarios. These data can include many details as much as three dimensional models and pictures for the combat systems and targets. Templates with default data for the EP products such as EXPEC can be also served in JCMS database JCMS Server JCMS server provides the interfaces and procedures to manage the JCMS database such that a CAX process from the EXSPEC preparation until the AAR is effectively supported. It encapsulates the modules shown in Figure 6 into a software system. The interrelations of the modules are shown in Figure 6. Please note that each module has also outputs and interactions with JCMS database. Please also note that JCMS is only a draft design, and there is no prototype available yet RTO-MP-MSG-045
14 NATO's Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements ESGM EXSPEC EXSPEC EXSPEC CADIE MEL/MIL EPGM Scenario Scenario AAR Data RSGM JEMM EDAM Geography Scenario MGM Geography SDE Operational Picture MEL/MIL Operational injections Plans experiment AAR Data OPGM JOTM Figure 6. JCMS modules and their interrelations. Map generation module (MGM) merges country and terrain data and generates raster maps at various scales ready to be printed. It also provides elevation data and terrain features at various layers in the detail and format required by the constructive simulation system. Rapid scenario generation module (RSGM) rapidly generates all scenario modules by using the component data according to the user specified parameters. It also provides the interfaces to access the meta-data about scenario modules, to select the most appropriate scenario from the archives and to scrutinize the selected scenario according to the current requirements. This module generates the preliminary inputs for the simulation database editor. EXSPEC generation module (ESGM) is for the automation of the EXSPEC preparation process. It provides a structured procedure to generate an EXSPEC and also minimizes the amount of the work power for EXSPEC production. It can access meta-data and archival data to select and scrutinize the EXSPECs in JCMS database. EXPLAN generation module (EPGM) is similar to ESGM. It provides the procedures for EXPLAN generation. Joint exercise management module (JEMM) is the module used to prepare MEL/MIL and steer the execution phase of an exercise towards the goals of the exercise. It also collects the data for AAR. For each incident the response and factoring parameters are selected, e.g., aircraft loses, time and the number of CAP missions, and JEMM collects and sends these data to the analysis module. Moreover, JEMM provides the interfaces for EXCON staff to enter the observations on the reactions of TA for each incident. These records are then analyzed for the AAR. RTO-MP-MSG
15 NATO's Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements Simulation database editor (SDE) is for the generation of the simulation database. It receives some initial data from RSGM, and provides efficient and user friendly interfaces to create the simulation database. OPLAN generation module (OPGM) is similar to ESGM and EPGM. It also provides the interfaces to initialize the NATO OPP tools with the current operational picture in the simulation system as well as to pass the generated plans to joint order translation module. Experimentation, Data Collection and Analysis Module (EDAM) is the post processor of the system. It helps the users to design the experiments during the simulation. The parameters that can be observed and modified during the execution of a simulation are introduced by EDAM. The user can design an experiment based on this parameters, then EDAM collects, analyzes and presents the results in various formats. It also receives the data from JEMM for the incident specific observations, analyzes and presents them. CAX distaff environment (CADIE) and joint order translation module (JOTM) are used the same as the current NATO tools CADIE and JOTM JCMS User Interface JCMS user is a member of EXCON. TA will continue to use C4I systems. We hope battlefield management language (BML) will be available to replace the mediation-ware such as formal report generator. JCMS user interface can be web based or a client application compiled for specific platforms. They will normally be used on line either in JWC or in remote sites. Moreover, the replication of JCMS database and server for remote offline usage will also possible. This option is for the offline workshops, conferences and meetings in the remote sites. JCMS will be able to merge this kind of offline updates into the JCMS database Standards and Formats For the time being our design of JCMS is not in data formats detail. However, the industrial standards and formats such as DTED, U3D, SCORM, BML and pdf will be considered in the design of JCMS database and server modules. The NATO standards will be carefully followed in this design. 4. CONCLUSION CAX support tools can be categorized into four classes: exercise planning and management tools; constructive simulation systems and ancillary tools; interfaces between C2 systems and simulations; experimentation and analysis tools. NATO already has various systems that fall in these categories. However, they are not enough to fulfil all the requirements. A more structured and integrated system that supports a CAX process from the very beginning until the AAR is needed. Our JCMS design provides the preliminary ideas for the requirements of this system RTO-MP-MSG-045
16 ALLIED COMMAND TRANSFORMATION JOINT WARFARE CENTRE NATO s Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools and Requirements Dr. Erdal CAYIRCI [email protected] October 5, 2006
17 Agenda JWC CAX Support Branch JWC Exercises, NETN and JMRM Requirements & Available Tools Joint CAX Management System Conclusion 2/29
18 NATO s Military Structure Military Committee SHAPE HQ-SACT ACC Ramstein JFC Brunsum MCC Northwood JH Lisbon ACO LCC ACC Heidelberg Izmir JFC Naples MCC Naples LCC Madrid JWC JJJ JFTC JALLC NATO School ACT NURC CAOCs EUROCORPS ARRC CAOCs NRDC-T NRDC-I NC3A NCSA NRDC-GE/NL NRDC-S 3/29
19 Joint Warfare Center JWC Support JTDD JED CDD SMC4 CIS P&R CAX 4/29
20 CAX Support Branch Functions Training and Exercises CAX Support Tools CAX P&M Tools (JEST, JEMM, etc) M&S Tools (JTLS, JCATS, etc) Auxiliary Tools (ORBAT, MUB, DDS, TMU, etc) Mediation SW for C2 and OPP (JIM, etc) Planning Support Training Support for CAX Support Tools 5/29
21 JMRM Conceptual Construct JTLS JEMM JIM EXCON MCC Response Cell ACC Response Cell LCC Response Cell JEC Event Managers OPFOR CC-SO O/T CC-PO O/T Report Generator ACC FW O/T JWC - Ulsnes JOIS LOGFAS DJTF O/T Other Locations CIS ICC MCCIS CJTF (JFC) O/T O/T CC-Air CC-Land O/T CC-Mar O/T Red = C4 Linkage 6/29
22 JMRM Conceptual Construct JWC - Ulsnes EXCON MCC Response Cell ACC Response Cell LCC Response Cell JEC Event Managers OPFOR JTLS Environment JMRM PTA: CJTF JFTC - Bydgoszcz EXCON NRDC Response Cell POCC Response Cell SOCC Response Cell OPFOR JCATS Environment CC-SO (Bydgoszcz) CJTF (JFC) CC-PO (Bydgoszcz) ICC MCCIS JOIS PTA: CC-Land CC-Air CC-Mar CC-Land Red = C4 Linkage 7/29
23 CAX Support Branch Functions (cont d) Experimentation Design of Experiment Support Data Analysis Support Simulation Support for Experiments Experimentation during an exercise Experimentation not during an exercise Running experiments on a previous exercise Running simulations for an experiment Generating patterns from the available exercise data 8/29
24 CAX Support Branch Functions (cont d) Interoperability and Future Capabilities Expertise and Library Workshops and Work Groups Training NATO Joint CAX Forum 9/29
25 Computer Assisted Exercise (CAX) A computer assisted exercise (CAX) is a type of synthetic exercise (SYNEX) where - forces are generated, moved and managed in a simulation environment - based on the commands coming from the exercise participants. 10/29
26 Computer Assisted Exercise (CAX) A CAX is a command post exercise (CPX) where electronic means are used to immerse the training audience in an as much as realistic environment, and to help the exercise planning group and the exercise control staff for controlling the exercise process so that it achieves the objectives. 11/29
27 Exercise Process Concept & Specification Development Execution Planning & Product Development Post Exercise Analysis & Reporting 12/29
28 CAX Support Exercise planning tools Constructive simulation systems and ancillary tools C2 & OPP tools mediationware Experimentation & analysis tools 13/29
29 CAX Planning Tools Automatic events by a simulation Computer Assisted CPX CAX Manual injections based on scripted MEL/MIL Manual CPX Factors: exercise objectives, tasks, size of the exercise, capabilities and availabilities of the simulations, costs, time 14/29
30 CAX Planning Tools Exercise specifications (EXSPEC) Exercise Planning Guidance Exercise Plan (EXPLAN) 15/29
31 Scenario Modules Geo-strategic situation Theatre of operations Strategic initiation module Crises response planning information Execution information 16/29
32 Main Events and Incidents Lists (MEL/MIL) Events are major occurrences or a sequence of related incidents, which are actions or situations that provide greater clarity to an event. An injection is the way of bringing an incident to the attention of players. 17/29
33 Main Events and Incidents Lists (MEL/MIL) Automatic incidents should be carefully monitored for two reasons: Exercise control (EXCON) staff need to follow the management of the incidents and events from the beginning to the end. Some of the incidents created automatically can hamper the exercise goals. 18/29
34 Order of Battle (ORBAT) Friendly Forces Enemy Forces Situational Forces Targets Combat Systems Command hierarchy Supply hierarchy 19/29
35 NATO CAX Planning Tools Tool Joint Exercise Scenario Tool (JEST) Description Scenario preparation by also using on the shelf scenario products Joint Management (JEMM) ORBAT Editor Exercise Module MEL/MIL scripting and management Unit, target and terrain data collection for JTLS Map Unit Builder (MUB) Database Development System (DDS) Terrain Modification Utility (TMU) Unit, target and terrain data collection for JTLS JTLS database management software JTLS terrain data management software 20/29
36 Military Simulations Category Live Virtual Constructive People Real Real Simulated Systems Real Simulated Simulated 21/29
37 Military Constructive Simulations Category Level Objects Echelon Terrain High Resolution Entity Singular objects, e.g. tank, troop Tactical, e.g., platoon, company High resolution, 200km 200km Highly Aggregated Aggregate Units, e.g. battalion, company Operational, e.g., corps Low resolution, 4000km 4000km 22/29
38 Military Constructive Simulations Service models Joint models Expert models 23/29
39 NATO Constructive Simulations Joint Theater Level Simulation (JTLS) is a joint highly aggregated constructive simulation system. Joint Conflict and Tactical Simulation (JCATS) is a joint high resolution constructive simulation system. 24/29
40 Joint Multi-Resolution Modelling JTLS Entity Level Server JCATS C2 Interfaces RTM, GEM, TBMCS Federation Infrastructure Intelligence TACSIM, NWARS, ACE-IOS MDST AAR SITH AAR Virtual Sims MUSE/AFSERS Logistics JDLM 25/29
41 NATO Constructive Simulations and Ancillary Tools Joint Theater Level Simulation (JTLS) Joint Conflict and Tactical Simulation (JCATS) Joint Multi Resolution Model (JMRM) Web Hosted Interface Program (WHIP) CAX DiStaff Environment (CADIE) Joint Order Translation Module (JOTM) A joint constructive simulation system for operational and higher levels A joint constructive simulation system for operational and lower levels. An HLA federation where JTLS and JCATS are among the federates. WEB Enabled JTLS Interface A software that provides operational picture from JTLS for the EXCON personnel A user friendly interface to enter orders into JTLS 26/29
42 Mediationware Data Initialization Tools for OPP Systems JTLS ICC Mediation-ware (JIM) Data initialization scripts and interfaces for tools such as ADAMS and TOPFAS Interface between JTLS and ICC Formal Report Generator It transfers the updates coming from JTLS into text files that complies with the formal NATO message formats 27/29
43 Experimentation and Analysis Design of experiment Data collection Data analysis Presentation 28/29
44 Joint CAX Management System (JCMS) JWC JCMS Database RJCMS User 1 JCMS Server NU or NS WAN RJCMS User n JCMS User 1 JCMS User n 29/29
45 JCMS Database JCMS Database User Data Meta Data Archival Data Component Data 30/29
46 JCMS Server EPGM MGM EXSPEC Scenario Geography Geography ESGM EXSPEC RSGM Scenario SDE EXSPEC Scenario MEL/MIL Operational Picture CADIE MEL/MIL JEMM OPGM AAR Data injections Operational Plans EDAM experiment JOTM AAR Data 31/29
47 Conclusion NATO Exercises and JWC Four categories of CAX support tools NATO tools available for almost all categories Joint CAX Management System 32/29
48 ALLIED COMMAND TRANSFORMATION JOINT WARFARE CENTRE NATO s Joint Warfare Centre Perspective on CAX Support Tools & Requirements Dr. Erdal CAYIRCI (ITEC) May 18, /29
FIRST IMPRESSION EXPERIMENT REPORT (FIER)
THE MNE7 OBJECTIVE 3.4 CYBER SITUATIONAL AWARENESS LOE FIRST IMPRESSION EXPERIMENT REPORT (FIER) 1. Introduction The Finnish Defence Forces Concept Development & Experimentation Centre (FDF CD&E Centre)
THE MIMOSA OPEN SOLUTION COLLABORATIVE ENGINEERING AND IT ENVIRONMENTS WORKSHOP
THE MIMOSA OPEN SOLUTION COLLABORATIVE ENGINEERING AND IT ENVIRONMENTS WORKSHOP By Dr. Carl M. Powe, Jr. 2-3 March 2005 Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden
Issue Paper. Wargaming Homeland Security and Army Reserve Component Issues. By Professor Michael Pasquarett
Issue Paper Center for Strategic Leadership, U.S. Army War College May 2003 Volume 04-03 Wargaming Homeland Security and Army Reserve Component Issues By Professor Michael Pasquarett Background The President
73rd MORSS CD Cover Page UNCLASSIFIED DISCLOSURE FORM CD Presentation
73rd MORSS CD Cover Page UNCLASSIFIED DISCLOSURE FORM CD Presentation 21-23 June 2005, at US Military Academy, West Point, NY 712CD For office use only 41205 Please complete this form 712CD as your cover
An Overview of Romanian Command and Control Systems
Col. eng. Stefan Cantaragiu, Ph. D. Military Equipment and Technologies Research Agency P.O. Box 51-16 76550 Bucharest ROMANIA Tel.: +40 1 4231483 Fax: +40 1 4231030 [email protected] Lt. eng. Adrian
Report Documentation Page
(c)2002 American Institute Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the
Asset Management- Acquisitions
Indefinite Delivery, Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) contracts used for these services: al, Activity & Master Plans; Land Use Analysis; Anti- Terrorism, Circulation & Space Management Studies; Encroachment
In June 1998 the Joint Military Intelligence. Intelligence Education for Joint Warfighting A. DENIS CLIFT
Defense Intelligence Analysis Center, home of JMIC. Intelligence Education for Joint Warfighting Courtesy Joint Military Intelligence College By A. DENIS CLIFT In June 1998 the Joint Military Intelligence
Using the Advancement Degree of Difficulty (AD 2 ) as an input to Risk Management
Using the Advancement Degree of Difficulty (AD 2 ) as an input to Risk Management James W. Bilbro JB Consulting International Huntsville, AL Multi-dimensional Assessment of Technology Maturity Technology
Mobile Robot Knowledge Base
Mobile Robot Knowledge Base Tracy Heath Pastore* a, Mitchell Barnes** a, Rory Hallman b b SPAWAR Systems Center, San Diego, Code 2371, 53560 Hull Street, San Diego, CA 92152; b Computer Sciences Corporation,
(Fr) SIMULATION CENTER
C S F E E (Fr) SIMULATION CENTER Colonel Patrick Liébert [email protected] Quick CSFEE Overview Activities Connection between and CCISs Main issues and ways ahead CSFEE OVERVIEW
Overview Presented by: Boyd L. Summers
Overview Presented by: Boyd L. Summers Systems & Software Technology Conference SSTC May 19 th, 2011 1 Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection
NATO Organization & Structure
NATO Organization & Structure Briefing to NATO senior NCO Orientation Course M5-33-C-12 Oberammergau, 25 June 2012 Lt Col Roland G. Iffert, DEU AF 1 Objectives & Agenda Objectives: To describe NATO s Organization
THE FLATWORLD SIMULATION CONTROL ARCHITECTURE (FSCA): A FRAMEWORK FOR SCALABLE IMMERSIVE VISUALIZATION SYSTEMS
THE FLATWORLD SIMULATION CONTROL ARCHITECTURE (FSCA): A FRAMEWORK FOR SCALABLE IMMERSIVE VISUALIZATION SYSTEMS Anton Treskunov, Jarrell Pair*, and Bill Swartout Institute for Creative Technologies University
Headquarters U.S. Air Force
Headquarters U.S. Air Force I n t e g r i t y - S e r v i c e - E x c e l l e n c e Air Force Technology Readiness Assessment (TRA) Process for Major Defense Acquisition Programs LtCol Ed Masterson Mr
EAD Expected Annual Flood Damage Computation
US Army Corps of Engineers Hydrologic Engineering Center Generalized Computer Program EAD Expected Annual Flood Damage Computation User's Manual March 1989 Original: June 1977 Revised: August 1979, February
TOPFAS (Tool for Operational Planning, Force Activation and Simulation)
TOPFAS (Tool for Operational Planning, Force Activation and Simulation) Author Håkon Thuve Chief, Operations & Logistics Planning Branch Operations Research Division NATO C3 Agency P.O. Box 174 2501 CD
CAPTURE-THE-FLAG: LEARNING COMPUTER SECURITY UNDER FIRE
CAPTURE-THE-FLAG: LEARNING COMPUTER SECURITY UNDER FIRE LCDR Chris Eagle, and John L. Clark Naval Postgraduate School Abstract: Key words: In this paper, we describe the Capture-the-Flag (CTF) activity
Interagency National Security Knowledge and Skills in the Department of Defense
INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES Interagency National Security Knowledge and Skills in the Department of Defense June 2014 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. IDA Document D-5204 Log:
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE *
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE * Form Approved OMBNo. 07040188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions,
PROBLEM STATEMENT: Will reducing the ASD for Kadena AB F-15 C/Ds increase the CPFH for this Mission Design Series (MDS)?
CONSULTING REPORT Kadena F-15 C/D Cost per Flying Hour Analysis PROJECT MANAGERS: Capt Jeremy Howe and Capt Kevin Dawson AFLMA PROJECT NUMBER: LM200520700 16 August 2005 BACKGROUND: Kadena AB is currently
RT 24 - Architecture, Modeling & Simulation, and Software Design
RT 24 - Architecture, Modeling & Simulation, and Software Design Dennis Barnabe, Department of Defense Michael zur Muehlen & Anne Carrigy, Stevens Institute of Technology Drew Hamilton, Auburn University
A GPS Digital Phased Array Antenna and Receiver
A GPS Digital Phased Array Antenna and Receiver Dr. Alison Brown, Randy Silva; NAVSYS Corporation ABSTRACT NAVSYS High Gain Advanced GPS Receiver (HAGR) uses a digital beam-steering antenna array to enable
Army Doctrine Update
Combined Arms Doctrine Directorate US Army Combined Arms Center Fort Leavenworth, Kansas Army Doctrine Update This document summarizes some doctrinal changes that have occurred or will occur in the near
Advanced Micro Ring Resonator Filter Technology
Advanced Micro Ring Resonator Filter Technology G. Lenz and C. K. Madsen Lucent Technologies, Bell Labs Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection
Addressing the Real-World Challenges in the Development of Propulsion IVHM Technology Experiment (PITEX)
NASA/CR 2005-213422 AIAA 2004 6361 Addressing the Real-World Challenges in the Development of Propulsion IVHM Technology Experiment (PITEX) William A. Maul, Amy Chicatelli, and Christopher E. Fulton Analex
Army Environmental Policy and ISO 14001
Army Environmental Policy and ISO 14001 Army Environmental Policy and ISO 14001 Rick Sinclair and Rochie Tschirhart Since the 1970s, the U.S. Army has instituted environmental policies, programs, regulations,
DEFENSE CONTRACT AUDIT AGENCY
DEFENSE CONTRACT AUDIT AGENCY Fundamental Building Blocks for an Acceptable Accounting System Presented by Sue Reynaga DCAA Branch Manager San Diego Branch Office August 24, 2011 Report Documentation Page
Potential Role of an Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) in Simulation
Doug Stapleton IBM Australia Limited 28 Sydney Avenue, Forrest ACT 2603 AUSTRALIA [email protected] ABSTRACT This paper considers eight areas where an Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) can contribute to
Vendor briefing Business Intelligence and Analytics Platforms Gartner 15 capabilities
Vendor briefing Business Intelligence and Analytics Platforms Gartner 15 capabilities April, 2013 gaddsoftware.com Table of content 1. Introduction... 3 2. Vendor briefings questions and answers... 3 2.1.
DCAA and the Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Program
Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA) DCAA and the Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Program Judice Smith and Chang Ford DCAA/Financial Liaison Advisors NAVAIR 2010 Small Business Aviation Technology
Multiple Network Marketing coordination Model
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions,
NAVSUP FLC NORFOLK PHILADELPHIA OFFICE
NAVSUP FLC NORFOLK PHILADELPHIA OFFICE Gerald Furey Deputy for Small Business Ready. Resourceful. Responsive! 1 Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the
Fourth generation techniques (4GT)
Fourth generation techniques (4GT) The term fourth generation techniques (4GT) encompasses a broad array of software tools that have one thing in common. Each enables the software engineer to specify some
Graduate Level Credit for Resident EWS Students. Natasha McEachin CG 1
Graduate Level Credit for Resident EWS Students Natasha McEachin CG 1 February 20, 2009 1 Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of information
UMass at TREC 2008 Blog Distillation Task
UMass at TREC 2008 Blog Distillation Task Jangwon Seo and W. Bruce Croft Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval University of Massachusetts, Amherst Abstract This paper presents the work done for
ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS. Fiscal Year 2013 Expenditure Plan Lacks Key Information Needed to Inform Future Funding Decisions
United States Government Accountability Office Report to Congressional July 2014 ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS Fiscal Year 2013 Expenditure Plan Lacks Key Information Needed to Inform Future Funding Decisions
I N S T I T U T E F O R D E FE N S E A N A L Y S E S NSD-5216
I N S T I T U T E F O R D E FE N S E A N A L Y S E S NSD-5216 A Consistent Approach for Security Risk Assessments of Dams and Related Critical Infrastructure J. Darrell Morgeson Jason A. Dechant Yev Kirpichevsky
IISUP-. NAVAL SUPPLY SVSTE:MS COMMAND. Ready. Resourceful. Responsive!
~ IISUP-. NAVAL SUPPLY SVSTE:MS COMMAND Ready. Resourceful. Responsive! Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated
John Mathieson US Air Force (WR ALC) Systems & Software Technology Conference Salt Lake City, Utah 19 May 2011
John Mathieson US Air Force (WR ALC) Systems & Software Technology Conference Salt Lake City, Utah 19 May 2011 Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the
CHAPTER 20 CRYPTOLOGIC TECHNICIAN (CT) NAVPERS 18068-20K CH-63
CHAPTER 20 CRYPTOLOGIC TECHNICIAN (CT) NAVPERS 18068-20K CH-63 Updated: July 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS CRYPTOLOGIC TECHNICIAN (NETWORKS) (CTN) SCOPE OF RATING GENERAL INFORMATION CRYPTOLOGIC CYBERSPACE ANALYST
The preliminary design of a wearable computer for supporting Construction Progress Monitoring
The preliminary design of a wearable computer for supporting Construction Progress Monitoring 1 Introduction Jan Reinhardt, TU - Dresden Prof. James H. Garrett,Jr., Carnegie Mellon University Prof. Raimar
Simulation and Training Solutions
Simulation and Training Solutions Strong Learning Experiences Available Nowhere Else Advancing Operational Readiness with Leading-Edge Simulation and Training The rapid evolution of military missions,
CERT Virtual Flow Collection and Analysis
CERT Virtual Flow Collection and Analysis For Training and Simulation George Warnagiris 2011 Carnegie Mellon University Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden
Pima Community College Planning Grant For Autonomous Intelligent Network of Systems (AINS) Science, Mathematics & Engineering Education Center
Pima Community College Planning Grant For Autonomous Intelligent Network of Systems (AINS) Science, Mathematics & Engineering Education Center Technical Report - Final Award Number N00014-03-1-0844 Mod.
"Nowa Technika Wojskowa" Nr 12/2011 AS A READY, PROVEN AND COMPREHENSIVE C3I SYSTEM TO SUPPORT LAND FORCES ACTIVITIES The Network Centric Data Communication Platform is a modular, completely prepared according
Active Engagement, Modern Defence - Strategic Concept for the Defence and Security of the Members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 1010
1 Modern security environment contains a broad and evolving set of challenges to the security of NATO s territory and populations. In order to assure their security, the Alliance must and will continue
DEFENSE BUSINESS PRACTICE IMPLEMENTATION BOARD
Defense Business Practice Implementation Board DEFENSE BUSINESS PRACTICE IMPLEMENTATION BOARD Report to the Senior Executive Council, Department of Defense MANAGEMENT INFORMATION TASK GROUP Report FY02-3
Requirements Analysis Concepts & Principles. Instructor: Dr. Jerry Gao
Requirements Analysis Concepts & Principles Instructor: Dr. Jerry Gao Requirements Analysis Concepts and Principles - Requirements Analysis - Communication Techniques - Initiating the Process - Facilitated
Static Analysis and Validation of Composite Behaviors in Composable Behavior Technology
Static Analysis and Validation of Composite Behaviors in Composable Behavior Technology Jackie Zheqing Zhang Bill Hopkinson, Ph.D. 12479 Research Parkway Orlando, FL 32826-3248 407-207-0976 [email protected],
AFRL-RX-WP-TP-2008-4023
AFRL-RX-WP-TP-2008-4023 HOW KILLDEER MOUNTAIN MANUFACTURING IS OPTIMIZING AEROSPACE SUPPLY CHAIN VISIBILITY USING RFID (Postprint) Jeanne Duckett Killdeer Mountain Manufacturing, Inc. FEBRUARY 2008 Final
Software Reprogramming Policy for Electronic Warfare and Target Sensing Systems
Army Regulation 525 15 Military Operations Software Reprogramming Policy for Electronic Warfare and Target Sensing Systems Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC 23 July 2010 UNCLASSIFIED SUMMARY
MINDS: A NEW APPROACH TO THE INFORMATION SECURITY PROCESS
MINDS: A NEW APPROACH TO THE INFORMATION SECURITY PROCESS E. E. Eilertson*, L. Ertoz, and V. Kumar Army High Performance Computing Research Center Minneapolis, MN 55414 K. S. Long U.S. Army Research Laboratory
Integrated Force Method Solution to Indeterminate Structural Mechanics Problems
NASA/TP 2004-207430 Integrated Force Method Solution to Indeterminate Structural Mechanics Problems Surya N. Patnaik Ohio Aerospace Institute, Brook Park, Ohio Dale A. Hopkins and Gary R. Halford Glenn
Spreadsheet Simulation
Spreadsheet Simulation Development and Business Benefits Arvind Waghmare Consultant - Modeling, COE - Simulation & TOPSIM Tata Interactive Systems Abstract/Introduction Using simulations as a medium of
CAE GESI Command & Staff Training
CAE GESI Command & Staff Training one step ahead Meeting new demands in command and staff training Today s armies are facing new challenges that place increasing importance on training. In addition to
Jack of All Trades, Master of None: Combat Engineer Officer Assignments in the Marine Corps. EWS Contemporary Issue Paper
Jack of All Trades, Master of None: Combat Engineer Officer Assignments in the Marine Corps Subject Area General EWS 2006 Jack of All Trades, Master of None: Combat Engineer Officer Assignments in the
Continuity of Operations (COOP) Plan Template Instructions. Federal Emergency Management Agency 500 C ST, SW Washington, D.C.
Continuity of Operations (COOP) Plan Template Instructions Federal Emergency Management Agency 500 C ST, SW Washington, D.C. 20472 FEMA GUIDE INSTRUCTIONS This guide provides instructions for developing
Utilizing Domain-Specific Modelling for Software Testing
Utilizing Domain-Specific Modelling for Software Testing Olli-Pekka Puolitaival, Teemu Kanstrén VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Oulu, Finland {olli-pekka.puolitaival, teemu.kanstren}@vtt.fi Abstract
Authoring Guide for Perception Version 3
Authoring Guide for Version 3.1, October 2001 Information in this document is subject to change without notice. Companies, names, and data used in examples herein are fictitious unless otherwise noted.
SQL Server 2005 Reporting Services (SSRS)
SQL Server 2005 Reporting Services (SSRS) Author: Alex Payne and Brian Welcker Published: May 2005 Summary: SQL Server 2005 Reporting Services is a key component of SQL Server 2005. Reporting Services
Simulating Information Warfare Using the HLA Management Object Model
Simulating Information Warfare Using the HLA Management Object Model Roger Smith BTG Inc. Orlando, Florida 32765 [email protected] Keywords: Information Operations, High Level Architecture, Management
Cancellation of Nongroup Health Insurance Policies
Cancellation of Nongroup Health Insurance Policies Bernadette Fernandez Specialist in Health Care Financing Annie L. Mach Analyst in Health Care Financing November 19, 2013 Congressional Research Service
Simulation of Air Flow Through a Test Chamber
Simulation of Air Flow Through a Test Chamber by Gregory K. Ovrebo ARL-MR- 0680 December 2007 Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. NOTICES Disclaimers The findings in this report are not
An Implementation of Active Data Technology
White Paper by: Mario Morfin, PhD Terri Chu, MEng Stephen Chen, PhD Robby Burko, PhD Riad Hartani, PhD An Implementation of Active Data Technology October 2015 In this paper, we build the rationale for
Guide to Using DoD PKI Certificates in Outlook 2000
Report Number: C4-017R-01 Guide to Using DoD PKI Certificates in Outlook 2000 Security Evaluation Group Author: Margaret Salter Updated: April 6, 2001 Version 1.0 National Security Agency 9800 Savage Rd.
Joint Publication 3-13.3. Operations Security
Joint Publication 3-13.3 Operations Security 04 January 2012 PREFACE 1. Scope This publication provides joint doctrine for planning, executing, and assessing operations security in joint operations. 2.
Visualize your World. Democratization i of Geographic Data
Visualize your World Democratization i of Geographic Data Session Agenda Google GEO Solutions - More than just a Map Enabling our Government Customers- Examples Summary & Invite to Learn More About Google
Flexible, Life-Cycle Support for Unique Mission Requirements
Flexible, Life-Cycle Support for Unique Mission Requirements We Meet the Need Anytime, Anywhere, Any Mission The customers we serve are diverse and so are their requirements. Transformational logistics
NATO UNCLASSIFIED. 27 February 2012 DOCUMENT C-M(2012)0014 Silence Procedure ends: 16 Mar 2012 16:00
27 February 2012 DOCUMENT Silence Procedure ends: 16 Mar 2012 16:00 Directive on the Management of Records Generated on Operational Deployment Note by the Secretary General 1. In June 2011 the NATO Records
ADVANCED NETWORK SECURITY PROJECT
AFRL-IF-RS-TR-2005-395 Final Technical Report December 2005 ADVANCED NETWORK SECURITY PROJECT Indiana University APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED. AIR FORCE RESEARCH LABORATORY INFORMATION
5053A: Designing a Messaging Infrastructure Using Microsoft Exchange Server 2007
5053A: Designing a Messaging Infrastructure Using Microsoft Exchange Server 2007 Course Number: 5053A Course Length: 3 Days Course Overview This three-day instructor-led course provides students with the
TITLE: The Impact Of Prostate Cancer Treatment-Related Symptoms On Low-Income Latino Couples
AD Award Number: W81WH-07-1-0069 TITLE: The Impact Of Prostate Cancer Treatment-Related Symptoms On Low-Income Latino Couples PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Sally L. Maliski, Ph.D., R.N. CONTRACTING ORGANIZATION:
ISTAR and CD&E CICDE. www.cicde.defense.gouv.fr. Centre interarmées de concepts, de doctrines et d expérimentations
ISTAR and CD&E CICDE Centre interarmées de concepts, de doctrines et d expérimentations www.cicde.defense.gouv.fr 1 Briefing overview CICDE, who are we? CD&E approach ISTAR concept case study Lessons learned
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER FA8720-05-C-0002. 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions,
UNCLASSIFIED LOW-COST MINIATURE INTERFACE AND CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR SMART SENSORS, TACTICAL RADIOS, AND COMPUTER NETWORKS
LOW-COST MINIATURE INTERFACE AND CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR SMART SENSORS, TACTICAL RADIOS, AND COMPUTER NETWORKS Brett Martin and Dale Bryan Naval Command, Control, and Ocean Surveillance Center Research, Development,
An Oil-Free Thrust Foil Bearing Facility Design, Calibration, and Operation
NASA/TM 2005-213568 An Oil-Free Thrust Foil Bearing Facility Design, Calibration, and Operation Steve Bauman Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio March 2005 The NASA STI Program Office... in Profile
DATA ITEM DESCRIPTION
DATA ITEM DESCRIPTION Form Approved OMB NO.0704-0188 Public reporting burden for collection of this information is estimated to average 110 hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions,
AF C2 Capability Modernization Leveraging Architectures to Achieve Warfighting Integration
Headquarters Air Combat Command AF C2 Capability Modernization Leveraging Architectures to Achieve Warfighting Integration This Briefing is: UNCLASSIFIED Mr. John Vona, GS-15 AFC2IC/C2P Purpose Discuss
NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY NATIONAL WAR COLLEGE
NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY NATIONAL WAR COLLEGE THE REAL TRANSFORMATION: BUILDING AND MAINTAINING LONG-TERM COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE LTC EDWARD C. CARDON, USA A TRANFORMATION PAPER FOR THE CHAIRMAN OF THE
SHOALS Toolbox: Software to Support Visualization and Analysis of Large, High-Density Data Sets
SHOALS Toolbox: Software to Support Visualization and Analysis of Large, High-Density Data Sets by Jennifer M. Wozencraft, W. Jeff Lillycrop, and Nicholas C. Kraus PURPOSE: The Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering
A Limited Objective Experiment on Wireless Peer-To-Peer Collaborative Networking
A Limited Objective Experiment on Wireless Peer-To-Peer Collaborative Networking Dr. Alex Bordetsky LCDR Glenn R. Cook Dr. Bill Kemple LCDR Timothy Thate Naval Postgraduate School Department of Information
An Application of an Iterative Approach to DoD Software Migration Planning
An Application of an Iterative Approach to DoD Software Migration Planning John Bergey Liam O Brien Dennis Smith September 2002 Product Line Practice Initiative Unlimited distribution subject to the copyright.
SQL Server 2012 Business Intelligence Boot Camp
SQL Server 2012 Business Intelligence Boot Camp Length: 5 Days Technology: Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Delivery Method: Instructor-led (classroom) About this Course Data warehousing is a solution organizations
Intelligence Community Public Key Infrastructure (IC PKI)
Intelligence Community Public Key Infrastructure (IC PKI) 2002 The MITRE Corporation This technical data was produced for the U.S. Government under contract 99-G000109-000, and is subject to the Rights
Headquarters Department of the Army
ATP 6-01.1 (FM 6-01.1) Techniques for Effective Knowledge Management MARCH 2015 DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Headquarters Department of the Army This
High Power Density Capacitor Charging Power Supply Development for Repetitive Pulsed Power
High Power Density Capacitor Charging Power Supply Development for Repetitive Pulsed Power M. M. McQuage, V.P. McDowell, F.E. Peterkin, and J. A. Pasour Directed Energy Technology Office, Code B2 Dahlgren
MDA Support for Military Medical Crisis Information Systems (MMCIS)
MDA Support for Military Medical Crisis Information Systems (MMCIS) Ståle Walderhaug Marius Mikalsen Norwegian Joint Medical Service & SINTEF {stale.walderhaug marius.mikalsen} @sintef.no 1 The NATO Military
WebSphere Business Modeler
Discovering the Value of SOA WebSphere Process Integration WebSphere Business Modeler Workshop SOA on your terms and our expertise Soudabeh Javadi Consulting Technical Sales Support WebSphere Process Integration
POLAR IT SERVICES. Business Intelligence Project Methodology
POLAR IT SERVICES Business Intelligence Project Methodology Table of Contents 1. Overview... 2 2. Visualize... 3 3. Planning and Architecture... 4 3.1 Define Requirements... 4 3.1.1 Define Attributes...
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION
CHAPTER 6 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION 6.0 Introduction This chapter discusses about the development and implementation process of EPUM web-based system. The process is based on the system design
