Anastasios Chatzithomaoglou IP Engineering Forthnet
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1 Anastasios Chatzithomaoglou IP Engineering Forthnet
2 High Level Design This presenta4on focuses on this part of the network (2)
3 Terminology The usual jargon q LE (Local Exchange ) q The place where subscriber lines are terminated per geo- area q POP (Point of Presence) q The place where Aggrega4on & Edge Routers can be installed q Access Router q The L2/L3 device that connects all L2 access devices to the rest of the network q Aggrega?on Router q The L2/L3 device that connects mul4ple Access Routers to mul4ple Edge Routers q Mul4ple levels of aggrega4on can exist q Edge Router q The L3 device on the Edge Network that offers the final IP service to the subscriber (i.e. BRAS/BNG) (3)
4 Services Business Residen?al L2 Services q EPL/EVPL q VPN/ELAN q NNI L3 Services q Internet q Voice q VPN q NNI PPPoE IPoE L3 Services q Internet q Voice (4)
5 Access Network in M 2,5G SDH Rings 600M PtoP EoSDH Circuits 600M BRAS clustering using PADO priori4es 2,5G 4x1G 600M 600M A typical part of the access/ aggrega2on network (5)
6 Access Network in ,5G SDH Rings 1G PtoP EoSDH Circuits 2,5G 4x1G 2,5G (6)
7 Access Network in M 500M 2,5G 2,5G SDH Rings 1,2G PtoP EoSDH Circuits STP for Redundancy 5x1G 2,5G (7)
8 Access Network in M 500M 600M 2,5G 2,5G SDH Rings 1,2G PtoP EoSDH Circuits STP for Redundancy 600M 6x1G 2,5G (8)
9 Access Network in ,5G 2,5G SDH Rings 2G PtoP EoSDH Circuits STP for Redundancy 2,5G 6x1G 2,5G (9)
10 Old Design Issues with old design q Legacy SDH STM- 16 transport q Large L2 domains (macs/broadcasts/loops) q Limited vlans (even with QinQ) q Max 2x1G capacity q Ac4ve/Standby Redundancy (based on STP) q Limited mac- address space (10)
11 Requirements of new Design General Requirements of new Design q n x 10G only (40G/100G in the future) q L2CP transparency (especially for business services) q QoS bits transparency q Jumbo frames (> 9000 bytes) q Ac4ve/Ac4ve Redundancy whenever possible q No loss (< 50 ms) upon any Direct Link/Node failure q Minimal loss (< 1 sec) upon any Remote Link/Node failure q No need for very large scalability q As much formula4on/standardiza4on as possible (11)
12 L2 vs L3 & Transport L2 HW Solu?ons L3 HW Solu?ons Mul4ply 1G uplink of Access Switch X Install 10G Access Switch? Install 10G Access Router Transport Solu?ons Upgrade SDH to STM- 64 Replace SDH with WDM X? Remove SDH (12)
13 Thinking about L2 G.8032v2 q Too cumbersome q Extra vlans per LE q Limited public exposure TRILL & SPB q Mostly focused on DC (not applicable for Carrier Ethernet) q Limited OAM func4onality (under development) q Non- existent support by CE products Vendor Proprietary Solu?ons q Might do the job quite well q Possible vendor lock- in q Prefer vendor agnos4c solu4ons, unless no such solu4on exists Final Decision q Move toward unified network architecture based on IP/MPLS q Expand L3 deployment from Core/Edge to Aggrega4on/Access (13)
14 Thinking about L3 IGP + op?miza?ons q Simple and works in every case q Slow convergence (hello/4mer tuning might fix it) MPLS TE/FRR q Too complex (although used in other parts of the network for TE) q No easy way for automa4on (affinity/manual) q Explicit paths for inter- area tunnels (r)lfa q Plug & Play (unless IETF blows it up) q Some topologies not covered 100% q Micro- loops are possible BFD q Use to detect losses due to virtual ifs (otherwise it would be detected at PHY, due to FO) q SW- based in some plakorms EoMPLS/VPLS q A/A and A/S Pseudowires to transfer L2 services from Access to Aggrega4on PW- HE q Remove completely Vlans/L2 from Aggrega4on q More Pseudowires from Access to Edge (14)
15 Old design From 2,5G SDH Rings (15)
16 New design To 10G FO/IP Rings (16)
17 Old Design vs New Design Old Design q Legacy SDH STM- 16 transport q Large L2 domains q Limited vlans (even with QinQ) q Max 2x1G capacity q Redundancy based on SDH/STP q Limited mac- address space New Design q Direct FO, no SDH q Limited L2 domains q Many PWs q Max 2x10G capacity q Redundancy based on IP q x10 mac- address space (17)
18 Access Network in G FO Rings 10G Circuits IP/FRR for Redundancy nx10g BRAS clustering using PADO priori4es 10G (18)
19 Low Level Design Access Router BD VFI BD EFP EFP EFP Aggrega?on Router VFI BD VFI BD Edge Router BRAS/BNG BD VFI BD EFP EFP EFP BD VFI BD VFI BRAS/BNG (19)
20 IGP IGP Details q IPv4 10.X.Y.Z addressing (no IPv6 for LDP yet) q OSPF (already used in the network) q Area 0 for aggrega4on q Area 0.X.Y.Z for all access rings between POPs X & Y q Mul4- area adjacency (if needed for intra- area vs inter- area) q No external prefixes, no ASBRs q Every adjacency configured as point- to- point q BFD tx/rx 100 mul4plier 3 (buggy) q LFA support only for Loopbacks (buggy) (20)
21 Pseudowires PW Details q Numbering based on VLAN- NUMBER- SERVICE (i.e ) q MTU > 9000 q Control Word enabled (avoid 4/6 mac issue in LB) q Ac4ve/Standby if anached to EFP/BD q Ac4ve/Ac4ve if anached to VFI q Split- Horizon disabled if > 2 IPoE Access PWs from same LE and no Access BD (21)
22 Management Access Router Management q Different Loopback for Management q Recursive Sta4c Default Route poin4ng to an Aggrega4on Router q Double Default Route through IGP (with different metrics) q Global => VRF in Aggrega4on Router towards Management Network q OOB over old EoSDH when possible Note: Mgmt VRF in Access Routers also under considera2on (22)
23 Load- Balancing Issue PWs between Access and Aggrega4on transport large volumes of PPPoE traffic, especially in the downstream direc4on. Need to make sure that they are split over mul4ple links. Solu?on Improve granularity on the hashing of traffic running over PWs by introducing one or more addi4onal labels Intermediate nodes need only to make an ECMP choice based on a hash of the MPLS label stack Packet ordering must be preserved only within the context of each individual transported IP/Eth flow FAT- PW Interface Parameter FL Sub- TLV in LDP Directly between ingress & egress PEs 1 label (flow label) Entropy Labels Mapping ELC TLV in LDP From egress LSR to ingress LSR 2 labels (ELI, entropy label) (23)
24 Access Network in 2013 Dual- Afached LEs Dual- Anached LEs (24)
25 Access Network in 2013 Dual- Homed LEs Dual- Homed LEs (25)
26 Access Network in 2013 Dual- Afached/Homed LEs Dual- Anached LEs Dual- Homed LEs (26)
27 Migra?on Migra?on Steps q Move from aggrega4on towards access q Edge doesn t need to be changed q New aggrega4on routers between old aggrega4on switches and edge routers q Extra PWs between old and new aggrega4on devices q Use parallel circuits to change from L2 to L3 q Many maintenance windows, many bugs (27)
28 Access Network in 2013 Zoom Out n Access LEs n Aggrega4on POPs 1 Edge POPs per Aggr POP (28)
29 Access Network in 2013 Edge Cloud n Access LEs n Aggrega4on POPs n Edge POPs per Aggr POP BRAS clustering using PADO priori4es (29)
30 Poor Man s SDN (30)
31 Things to check out Future things to evaluate q Mul4cast efficiency (dras- iek- l2vpn- vpls- mcast) q EVPN (dras- iek- l2vpn- evpn) q Labels in BGP (RFC 3107) q VPLS Auto- discovery/signaling with BGP (RFC 4761) q TDM services (with or w/o MPLS- TP) q Segment Rou4ng (dras- filsfils- rtgwg- segment- rou4ng) q Enhanced ECMP and Large FAT (dras- yong- pwe3- enhance- ecmp- lfat) q MRT- FRR (dras- iek- rtgwg- mrt- frr- architecture) (31)
32 The End (32)
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