Certification of Sustainable Buildings. Klaus Hansen Energy & Environment SBi / AAU

Transcription

1 Certification of Sustainable Buildings Klaus Hansen Energy & Environment SBi / AAU

2 Presentation Introduction EU, CEN / ISO, Denmark Certification schemes BREEAM, LEED, DGNB Green Building Councils Test and choice of scheme for Denmark DGNB categories, criteria LCA InnoBYG on LCA for building materials

3 International and Danish efforts EU - Energy directive for buildings (EPBD) - Thematic Strategy on the Urban Environment - CEN-mandate on EPD s and sustainable buildings - Revised CPD (CPR) incl. environmental and resource issues - Green procurement for buildings - Environmental labelling of buildings Colaboration, harmonisation and standardisation - GBT/SBT, LEnSE plus OPEN HOUSE and SuperBuildings - WorldGBC, SB Alliance and Nordic contact - ISO and CEN/TC 350 on sustainable buildings Danish efforts - Miljørigtig projektering and BEAT - Classification of low energy buildings and swan labelling - Establishment of DK-GBC and choice of DGNB

4 CEN/TC 350 Sustainablity of Construction Works

5 Sustainability Indicators - ISO/TC 59/SC 17 The indicators conciders: Environmental aspects / e.g. climate change Economic aspects / e.g. life cycle costs & value Social aspects / e.g. health & comfort The indicators regards: Location / e.g. access to public transport Site / e.g. land use Building incl. life cycle / e.g. emissions of CO2 The indicators includes: Loadings and impacts / e.g. CO2 emissions Consequential indicators / e.g. access to public transport

6 Certification schemes

7 How to assess sustainability? and how to translate sustainability to investors? Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Thomas Lützkendorf

8 The incentive system Number of Buildings Voluntary Incentive System Bronze Silver Gold Legal Regulations Building Performance

9 Nordic Green Building Councils Iceland Four buildings are in BREEAM certification process 5 BREEAM assessors BRE in Iceland April 2009.

10 What is a GBC? Green Building Council Non-profit organization representing all the parties in the real estate and construction sector Mission: promotion of sustainable construction - and of the competitiveness on the area Tasks: - represent the building and real estate sector in the area of sustainable development - exchange of knowledge and information - develop/adapt and operate certification schemes - provide planning tools to implement sustainable buildings Guidelines and principles established by the World Green Building Council

11 DK-GBC Board Nikolaj Hertel NCC Property Development Ida Garre Rambøll Elly Kjems Hove Dansk Industri Christian Hartmann ATP Ejendomme, Lars Holm Miljøforum Fyn Mikael Koch Danske Ark Elo Alsing Skanska Øresund + Søren Aggerholm SBi + Charlotte Micheelsen EBST

12 LEED, BREEAM, DGNB & HQE tested on two Danish office buildings The systems include to a high degree criteria on the same issues Differences in the obtained points also depends on the systems ambitions and reference values The buildings performed relatively well on criteria for energy, waste, transport and indoor climate and less well on criteria for water, materials and neighborhood There is a considerable need for adaptation to Danish conditions - simplest for strong Danish issues - hardest on weeker issues incl. lack of data, tools and/or practice

13 DGNB test on Danish office building Silver

14 Danish situation now DK-GBC has chosen DGNB for adaptation and use in Denmark DGNB s criteria for new office buildings are being adapted to the Danish context by a number of working groups DGNB s criteria on local plan level are planned to be tested on a number of Danish plans

15 Arguments for DGNB The main arguments for the choice was that DGNB: was seen as a second generation scheme which equally focused on environmental, social and economic sustainability aspects including a strong focus on the use of life cycle assessment (LCA) and therefore strongly referes to CEN/TC 350

16 Presentation of DGNB

17 DGNB 6 Categories 49 Criteria 6 Areas of Evaluation 49 Criteria

18 Community / New building / Existing building Community / Neighbourhood Programme, mapping, studies & planning Local plan, heat plan New building / retrofitting Programme, screening, studies & design Project, tendering & construction In use permit & comissioning Existing building Management & use Dialoque + Integrated design + documentation + commissioning

19 DGNB categories and weightings

20 Environmental quality 01 Potential for greenhouse gases 02 Potential for ozone layer degradation 03 Potential to create ozone LCA 04 Potential for acidification 05 Potential for over-fertilization 06 Risks to the local environment 08 Wood / sustainable use of resources 10 Nonrenewable primary energy demand 11 Total primary energy demand and share of renewable primary energy 14 Drinking water demand and volume of waste water 15 Area demands

21 Social og functional quality 18 Thermal comfort in the winter 19 Thermal comfort in the summer 20 Interior hygiene 21 Acoustic comfort 22 Visual comfort 23 User control possibilities 24 Exterior quality as affected by the building 25 Safety and risk of hazardous incidents 26 Handicapped accessibility 27 Space efficiency 28 Suitability for conversion 29 Public access 30 Bicycling convenience 31 Creative and urban development quality in a competition 32 Art

22 Assessment Points Max Weights Weights

23 Life Cycle Assessment - LCA

24 Life Cycle Assessment - LCA

25 Environmental indicators Environmental management / e.g. of substances Services (user benefits) / e.g. cooling (means) Principples (concepts) / e.g. natural ventilation Products / e.g. low energy window Processes / e.g. sustainable forestry and recycling Resource flows / e.g. energy consumption LC inventory / e.g. CO 2 emissions Impacts / e.g. climate change (indicators) Damages / e.g. health, ecosystem

26 LCA tools needed / InnoBYG LCA because assessments should: - include the whole life cycle for buildings - be quantified - focus on the environmental impacts in DGNB - be related to ISO and CEN standards Tools because facilitation should include: - database on environmental data ESUCO - database on building elements BEAT - database on reference buildings BEAT - calculation tool for impacts/indicators ESUCO - facilities for representation of buildings A+E:3D during all stages in design process BEAT

27 Energy for construction and operation kwh/m2/år Forventet udvikling i boligens energiforbrug BR08 LE2 LE1 NZEB Bolig+ InnoBYG project LCA data & LCA-tools needed Materialer Drift Fordeling af energiforbruget i store bygninger Eksempel fra DR-byen Drift 68,0% EU Revised CPD CEN mandate Urban sustainability Lead Market Initiative Tag 2,0% R hus 18,0% Kælder 4,5% Facade 4,5% Lette Indervægge 1,0% Kompletering 2,0%

28 ESUCO European database European Sustainable Construction Database Part of DGNB International Includes now LCA data for 500 building materials Data hierarchy: 1. Specific data from suppliers / EPD s 2. Country specific dataset 3. European reference dataset

29 BEAT (to be redevelopped) Building Environmental Assessment Tool Databases Environmental data for materials, energy sources.. Factors for impact assessment Building materials, elements - and buildings Subroutines for Easy representation of buildings Environmental product declarations Building and life cycle aggregation Impact assessment Presentation Environmental profile Data tables

30 A+E:3D With this tool it is possible to create a good dialogue between architects and engineers in the early drafting stages to ensure that architectural quality and low energy consumption are linked in the building draft. The demand for a tool that can help the architect early to clarify the parameters affecting energy consumption is very high (Signe Kongebro, Henning Larsen Architects)