Comprehensive Fatty Acids Panel - Serum

Transcription

1 Date of Collection: 2/11/2011 Patient Age: 48 Time of Collection: 03:20 PM Sex: F Print Date: 2/25/2015 Common Name Lipid Name Patient Result Units Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Series 1 alpha-linolenic Acid (ALA) C18:3 (n-3) H 2 Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) C20:5 (n-3) H 3 Docosapentaenoic Acid (DPA) C22:5 (n-3) Docosahexanoic Acid (DHA) C22:6 (n-3) H Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Series 5 Linoleic Acid (LA) C18:2 (n-6) H 6 gamma-linolenic Acid (GLA) C18:3 (n-6) dihomo-gamma-linolenic Acid (DGLA) C20:3 (n-6) Arachidonic Acid (ARA) C20:4 (n-6) Docosapentaenoic Acid (DPA) C22:5 (n-6) Docosatetraenoic Acid C22:4 (n-6) Page 1 of 6

2 Common Name Lipid Name Patient Result Units Omega-9 Polyunsaturated Series 11 Eicosatrienoic Acid (Mead) C20:3 (n-9) Monounsaturated Series 12 Lauroleic Acid C12: Myristoleic Acid C14:1 (n-5) H 14 Palmitoleic Acid C16:1 (n-7) H 15 Hexadecenoic Acid C16:1 (n-9) H 16 Vaccenic Acid C18:1 (n-7) H 17 Oleic Acid C18:1 (n-9) H 18 Nervonic Acid C24:1 (n-9) Page 2 of 6

3 Common Name Lipid Name Patient Result Units Saturated Fatty Acids 19 Caprylic Acid (Octanoic) C8: Capric Acid (Decanoic) C10: H 21 Lauric Acid C12: Myristic Acid C14: H 23 Palmitic Acid C16: H 24 Stearic Acid C18: H 25 Arachidic Acid C20: Docosanoic Acid (Behenic) C22: Tetracosanoic Acid (Lignoceric) C24: Hexacosanoic Acid C26: Branched-chain Fatty Acids 29 Pristanic Acid C15:0 (CH[3])(4) Phytanic Acid C16:0 (CH[3])(4) Summary 31 Triene-to-Tetraene Ratio (no units) Page 3 of 6

4 Common Name Lipid Name Patient Result Units 32 Total Saturated mmol/l H 33 Total Monounsaturated mmol/l H 34 Total Polyunsaturated mmol/l H 35 Total Omega mmol/l H 36 Total Omega mmol/l H 37 Total Fatty Acids mmol/l H 38 Omega 6-to-Omega 3 Ratio 9.7 See Chart Page 5 Page 4 of 6

5 See interpretive comment Page Page 5 of 6

6 Date of Collection: 2/11/2015 Interpretation Nutritional requirements for essential fatty acids (omega-3, and omega-6 series) vary by age. Deficiency may be measured by the Holman index, also called the triene/tetraene ratio (mead-to-arachidonic acid ratio). Deficiencies are commonly caused by inadequate dietary intake of lipids or intestinal malabsorption. Signs include scaly dermatitis, alopecia, thrombocytopenia, and, in children, growth retardation. Infant fed diets low in linoleic acid, such as skim-milk formula, can develop essential fatty acid deficiency. Biochemical abnormalities may be detected before the onset of recognizable clinical manifestations and treated with appropriate nutritional supplementation that usually includes linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids. Additionally, studies have shown that major depression is accompanied by alterations in essential fatty composition such as reduced omega-3 fatty acids and an increased arachidonic-to-eicosapentaenoic acid ratio. Pregnancy leads to depletion of maternal docosahexanoic acid (DHA), and after delivery maternal DHA steadily declines further. Pregnant women who are at risk to develop postpartum depression may benefit from a prophylactic treatment with a combination of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexanoic acids. Fatty acid oxidation disorders are recognized on the basis of disease-specific patterns that are correlated to the results of other tests in plasma (carnitine, acylcarnitines) and urine (organic acids, acylglycines). Increased concentrations of tetracosanoic (lignoceric) and hexacosanoic acids are useful in the diagnosis of peroxisomal disorders, X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, adrenomyeloneuropathy, and Zellweger syndrome (cerebrohepatorenal syndrome). Increased concentrations of phytanic acid are useful in the biochemical diagnosis of Refsum disease. Refsum's disease is a peroxisomal disorder caused by phytanase deficiency, an enzyme involved in phytanic acid oxidation. In this case, the level of phytanic acid is elevated and pristanic acid is normal. An elevated omega-6 to omega-3 ratio may promote the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. A lower ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids is more desirable in reducing the risk of many of the chronic diseases of high prevalence. The optimal ratio may vary with the medical condition under consideration. An omega-6 to omega-3 ratio of 4 has been associated with a 70% decrease in total mortality, and it appears to be the optimal ratio for brain-mediated functions. A ratio of 2.5 has been shown to suppress cell proliferation in patients with colorectal cancer. A reduced omega-6 to omega-3 ratio of 2 to 3 suppressed inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Western diets are considered deficient in omega-3 fatty acids with an omega-6 to omega3 ratio greater than 10. See chart on Page 5. * Test performed at Mayo Medical Laboratories, Rochester, MN. Test interpretation provided by The Great Plains Laboratory, Inc. Page 6 of 6