SUMMARY OF VERB TENSES INTERMEDIATE (B1) LEVEL

Transcription

1 SUMMARY OF VERB TENSES INTERMEDIATE (B1) LEVEL This is a summary showing verb conjugations in English. For each verb tense you will find the following information the affirmative verb form most common uses some example phrases

2 A. PRESENT TIME Present simple The verb to be : I am ; You are ; S/he/it is We /You (plural), they are For other verbs : use infinitive form of the verb, except for third-person singular when you add s or es. 1. habitual actions 2. general truths / state I walk to school every day. She goes to school by bus. The earth is round. (general truth) We are a happy family (state) Present continuous be + gerund (-ing) form of verb. Refers to the temporary present i.e. actions happening now/at the moment The children are playing in the garden. James is studying for an exam.

3 B. PAST TIME Past simple For regular verbs - add -ed For irregular verbs - refer to verb table To refer to finished actions in the past I worked at home yesterday. Mary went to London last year. I spoke to Mr Jones before the meeting Past continuous Past tense of the verb to be + gerund (-ing) form of verb. To refer to activities in progress at a specific moment or period of time in the past Peter and his wife were working in France this time last year. I was travelling to work when I heard the news. Present perfect simple have + past participle. For a period of time leading up to the present or for recent past time This tense is used with expressions which refer to any time up to now (e.g. ever, never, recently, often, just, already, yet.) and finished actions that are important now. The group have made five since they formed ten years ago.. I have never been to Australia Sally has just finished her degree course Frank can t play soccer this season because he has broken his leg.

4 Present perfect continuous has/ have been + gerund (-ing) form of verb. To refer to activities which started in the past and are still in progress. For activities in the past which have recently finished and the results/effects are clear in the present. I have been painting my son s bedroom all morning I hope to finish it tomorrow. John has been attending lectures regularly. We have been driving slowly and now we are late. Past perfect had + past participle When you are already talking about the past when you want to refer to an earlier past. I missed the train it had left two minutes before when I arrived at the station. He had a coffee when he had finished his lunch. Jane collected her daughter from school when she had done the shopping.

5 C. FUTURE TIME Will Will + infinitive form of verb (without to ) For making predictions. For stating something in the future you are sure of. United will win the match. You will never finish that book. Be going to be + going to + infinitive form of verb For expressing plans, predictions and firm intentions. This form usually indicates the future as a fulfilment of the present i.e. the future resulting from a present situation. David is going to see his best friend for lunch. I feel ill, I m going to lie down. Look at those black clouds it s going to rain. Both Mark and Maria are going to be doctors when they grow up. Present continuous be + gerund (-ing) form of verb. For talking about personal arrangements or fixed plans, usually in the near future. (n.b. a time, date and/or location is given to make clear you are not talking about the present momenrt) My husband is playing tennis at 5 o clock. We re inviting lots of people to the party. Susan is flying to Prague on Thursday. Present simple The verb to be : I am ; You are ; S/he/it is We /You (plural), they are For other verbs : use infinitive form of the verb, except for third-person singular when you add s or es. The present simple is used to talk about the future when referring to timetables, routines and schedules The concert starts at 10.00pm The train leaves at 2.15pm Simon arrives home tomorrow.