Q1. (a) The graph shows the temperature inside a flat between 5 pm and 9 pm. The central heating was on at 5 pm.

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Alfred Washington
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1 Q. (a) The graph shows the temperature inside a flat between 5 pm and 9 pm. The central heating was on at 5 pm. (i) What time did the central heating switch off? () (ii) Closing the curtains reduces heat loss from the flat. What time do you think the curtains were closed? Give a reason for your answer. (2) (b) Less heat is lost through double-glazed windows than through single-glazed windows. Page

() (ii) Closing the curtains reduces heat loss from the flat.

2 Complete the following sentences by choosing the correct words from the box. Each word may be used once or not at all. conductio n conducto r convectio n evaporation insulator radiation Air is a good.... When trapped between two sheets of glass it reduces heat loss by... and... (3) (c) The table gives information about three types of house insulation. Type of insulation Cost to install Money save each year on heating bills Payback time Double glazing years Loft insulation years Cavity wall insulation (i) Use the information in the table to calculate the payback time for cavity wall insulation. () Page 2

.. (3) (c) The table gives information about three types of house insulation.

3 (ii) Explain why people often install loft insulation before installing double glazing or cavity wall insulation. (2) (Total 9 marks) Q2. Power stations are usually not very efficient. A lot of energy is wasted as thermal energy. The diagrams show the percentage of energy transferred by two coal-burning power stations. Page 3

Power stations are usually not very efficient.

4 (a) Write the two missing figures in the boxes on the diagrams. (2) (b) Which power station is the most efficient overall, the normal power station or the combined heat and power station? Give reasons for your answer Page 4

5 (2) (c) Some heat energy released from burning coal on an open fire is emitted by radiation. Tick ( ) the main type of electromagnetic radiation emitted by hot coal. Type of electromagnetic radiation Tick ( ) gamma infra red ultraviolet X-ray () (d) Radiation can be reflected or absorbed when it strikes a surface. What type of surface is a poor reflector but a good absorber of radiation? () (Total 6 marks) Q3. A student was asked to investigate the heat loss from two metal cans, L and M. The cans were identical except for the outside colour. Page 5

Type of electromagnetic radiation Tick ( ) gamma infra red ultraviolet X-ray () (d) Radiation can be reflected or absorbed when it strikes a

6 The student filled the two cans with equal volumes of hot water. He then placed the temperature sensors in the water and started the data logger. The computer used the data to draw the graph below. (a) Which one of the following is a categoric variable? Put a tick ( ) in the box next to your answer. the outside colour of the cans the starting temperature of the hot water the time the volume of hot water () (b) For can L, state the temperature drop of the water: (i) in the first two-minute interval Page 6

The computer used the data to draw the graph below. (a) Which one of the following is a categoric variable?

7 () (ii) in the second two-minute interval. () (c) In both cans the water cooled faster at the start of the investigation than at the end of the investigation. Why? () (d) One can was black on the outside and the other can was white on the outside. What colour was can L?... Explain the reason for your answer (3) (Total 7 marks) Q4. Complete the boxes on the chart to show what happens to the energy from the Sun. Page 7

investigation. Why?........... () (d) One can was black on the outside and the other can was white on the outside.

8 Page 8 (Total 3 marks)

9 M. (a) (i) 7pm accept 9.00 / 900 (ii) 8pm accept / 2000 temperature drops more slowly accept heat for temperature accept line is less steep (b) insulator conduction * convection * * answers can be either way around (c) (i) 4 (years) (ii) it is the cheapest / cheaper / cheap do not accept answers in terms of heat rising or DIY has the shortest / shorter payback time do not accept short payback time [9] M2. (a) 30(%) 50(%) Page 9

conduction * convection * * answers can be either way around (c) (i) 4 (years) (ii) it is the cheapest /

10 (b) combined heat and power station as waste less energy correct reference to 20 % or 70 % accept some energy (50%) is used for heating (c) infra red ticked (d) dark surfaces accept matt / dull / black surfaces [6] M3. (a) the outside colour of the cans (b) (i) 8 ( C) or 88 to 70 ignore negative sign (ii) 8 ( C) or 70 to 62 ignore negative sign (c) greater temperature difference between water and surroundings (at start) must mention temperature difference ignore just water hotter accept energy used to heat cans initially (d) black temperature falls the fastest (in L) accept (can L) loses more heat / cools quicker accept heat for temperature Page 0

(a) the outside colour of the cans (b) (i) 8 ( C) or 88 to 70 ignore negative sign (ii) 8 ( C) or 70 to 62 ignore negative sign (c) greater temperature difference

11 black is a good / the best / better emitter (of heat / radiation) accept converse ignore black is best absorber [7] M4. each for mark allow error carried forward' to the last box [3] Page

Energy transfers (Particle theory, conduction, convection, IR, evaporation)

Energy transfers (Particle theory, conduction, convection, IR, evaporation) 88 minutes 88 marks Page of 72 Q. (a) The diagrams, X, Y and Z, show how the particles are arranged in the three states of matter.