Wireless Condition Monitoring with Self-sufficient Sensor Nodes

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Wireless Condition Monitoring with Self-sufficient Sensor Nodes"

Theodore Stafford
9 years ago
Views:

1 Wireless Condition Monitoring with Self-sufficient Sensor Nodes Hannover Messe 2011: Innovation for Industry Forum Session: Energy Harvesting & Wireless Sensor Network Dr.-Ing. Dr. rer. oec. Michael Niedermayer Fraunhofer-Institute for Reliability and Microintegration Department: System Design & Integration

Wireless Sensor Network Dr.-Ing. Dr. rer. oec.

2 Application: Condition Monitoring of Paper Mills Problem: Sudden failures of critical machine components lead to unpredicted maintenance intervals High costs during shut-down (EUR 5000 /h)

3 Application: Condition Monitoring of Paper Mills Solution: Self-sufficient sensor nodes form a network for wireless condition monitoring Early detection of failures through measurement of critical parameters, e.g. vibrations

for wireless condition monitoring Early detection of

4 Components of the self-sufficient radio sensors Principle Schematic of the Sensor System Acceleration sensor attached to vibrating machine surface AD-Converter DSP for FFT and analysis of characteristic spectrum Proprietary communication standard Energy Harvesting device Measured variable Ambient energy Sensor Light Temperature gradients Kinetic energy Power-supply Signal- and dataprocessing Communication interface Communicating system Energy demand Standby-mode (timer only) Intermittent operation (duty-cycle) Continuous operation (functional components all active) µw mw P

variable Ambient energy Sensor Light Temperature gradients Kinetic energy Power-supply Signal- and dataprocessing Communication interface

5 Approach of Model-based Design Profiles of Ambient Energy Sources & Energy Sinks Parameterized Sub-Models System-level Simulations Characterized System Components Prototype Developement

6 Selection of the Ambient Energy Source

7 Input Profiles - Ambient Conditions in Paper Mill Modul2_T_cooler Modul2_T_machine C Temperature Hotside Temperature Coldside 0:00 0:30 1:00 1:30 0 Tage h:m C T_M2_Ambient_Pt100_b T_M2_UM_19 T_M2_OM_18 Operating Point: T=10K s

0 Temperature Hotside Temperature Coldside 0:00 0:30 1:00 1:30 0 Tage h:m C 57.0 56.0 55.

8 Characterization of Thermoelectric Converter Serial Inner Resistance vs. Temperature Inner Resistance [Ohm] 5,0 4,5 4,0 3, Temperature [ C] Seebeck.Coefficient [mv/k] Seebeck-Coefficient vs. Temperature Temperature [ C]

9 Conversion Chain Characterization DC/DC Converter I_out [ A] Iout [µa] Uin[mV] U_in [mv] Efficiency [%] Uout [V] Source: EnOcean

200 500 400 300 Uin[mV] 100 200 300 400 500 U_in [mv]

10 Simulink-Model: Source Conversion Sink

11 Simulation Results I load [ma] Measurements can be done every 20 minutes! I load [ma ] t [h] t [s] U cap [V] Ultra cap Voltage drops just below 3.4 V making appliances with the need of 3.3 V input possible! t [h]

I load [ma ] 40 20 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 t [h] 4 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 t [s]

12 Overall System Performance Efficiency thermoelectric conversion <1% Electric output TE converter 4,9 mw Losses at DC/DC converter (Step-up) 3,8 mw 10 µw Leakage ultracap 340µW Losses at DC/DC converter (step-down) 795 µw Regulated output voltage V Tage, 0h 0 Tage, 4h 0 Tage, 8h ; U. Kagelmarker et al. (IMC) Tage, h

Losses at DC/DC converter (step-down) 795 µw Regulated output voltage V 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.

13 Piezoelectric Transducer PCT ceramics Utilization of the transversal piezoelectric effect High energy-efficiency only for excitations near resonant frequency => complicates a universal applicability ; J. Hefer et al. (Dept. SDI)

only for excitations near resonant frequency =>

14 Resonant Frequency of Vibration Transducers Prin- Prinzip ciple* F [Hz] Bandbreite Bandwidth [Hz] M [g] V [cm³] P [µw] P-Density P-Dichte [µw/cm³] Perpetuum PMG 17 EM 50,60, 100,120 >±20Hz (250mg) 99,5 AdaptiveEnergy Joule-Tief Module PZ 60? 43 34,5 ~250 (200mg) 7,3 Cedrat APA400M-MD PZ 110? , (max.) 2699 Volture PEH25W (V25W) PZ ,5 931 (250mg) 23 Baumer Piezo PZ (250mg) 21,5 Baumer Stack8 PZ (200mg) <1 *EM: Electromagnetic; PZ: Piezo B. Hiller et al. (Baumer-Hübner)

43 34,5 ~250 (200mg) 7,3 Cedrat APA400M-MD PZ 110? 270 35,2 95000 (max.

15 Universal Piezoelectric Transducer Stack of 8 piezoelectric transducer with different resonant frequencies Increased bandwidth of Hz Power between µW at 2m/s² Frequency [Hz] B. Hiller et al. (Baumer-Hübner)

frequencies Increased bandwidth of 300-800Hz Power

16 Next Steps 2nd Prototype Generation (Miniaturized) 1st Prototype Generation Paper Mill: 664 Nodes

17 Further Activities: Wafer-Level Batteries & Fuel Cells Wafer level batteries (silicon cavity battery) Robert Hahn et al. (Dept. HDI.WLP) Hydrogene fuel cell, 0.1 cm² active area (Pulse power of 200mW/cm² achieved)

18 Thank you for your attention!

19 Impressum Dr.-Ing. Dr. rer. oec. Michael Niedermayer Telefon: Dipl.-Ing. Stephan Benecke Telefon: Dipl.-Ing. Eduard Kravcenko Telefon: The project ECoMoS is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research

de Telefon: +49 30 64603-748 Dipl.-Ing. Eduard Kravcenko Email: eduard.kravcenko@izm.fraunhofer.

能量採集技術簡介及發展現況

能量採集技術簡介及發展現況能量採集技術簡介及發展現況邱一國立交通大學電機系教授 [email protected] 03-5731838 2015 電源技術論壇 December 10, 2015 1 大綱能量採集技術 (energy harvesting/ scavenging) 簡介應用實例及發展現況未來可能