Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme Pilot Project on the Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns. Preliminary Technical File

Transcription

1 Avec le soutien du Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication With the support of the Ministry of Culture and Communication Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme Pilot Project on the Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns Preliminary Technical File Cahul, MOLDOVA

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3 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 2 TABLE OF CONTENT FOREWORD... 4 INTRODUCTION... 6 I. REFERENCE FILE Brief information about the town Short summary Potential partners (participants) Geographic, climatic and/or other physical factors that have had an impact on the morphology... and structure of the town Historical events that have formed the identity of the town Socio-economic situation Capacity of action of the municipality Supply and demand for space State of public services Legal and institutional situation Cultural heritage Possible contribution of heritage to the quality of life and to the social and economic prosperity... of the town Challenges and opportunities Participation in international co-operation (including technical support to projects) II. THEMATIC MAPS t.m. 2.1 Location of the town in the context of the country or region t.m. 2.2a Traffic circulation, transport and access to the town t.m. 2.2b Traffic circulation, transport and access to the town t.m. 2.2c Traffic circulation, transport and access to the town t.m. 2.3 Main activities/functions in buildings t.m. 2.4 New buildings/development/interventions in the historic centre t.m. 2.5 Time periods/epochs of buildings t.m. 2.6 Cultural heritage protected and unprotected buildings of architectural interest and... other heritage assets t.m. 2.7a Occupation and ownership of buildings and undeveloped sites t.m. 2.7b Occupation and ownership of buildings and undeveloped sites t.m. 2.8 Physical state of the condition of buildings t.m. 2.9 Physical state of the condition of roads, pavement surfaces and public areas III. HISTORICAL MAPS... 26

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5 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 4 FOREWORD The Cahul Preliminary Technical File was prepared by the Local Technical Team Mr Anatol Nebunu, local Co-ordinator; Ms Rodica Arsene, local Expert, Architecture of Cahul and Ms Maria Maftei, local Expert, Museum of Cahul. The global process was co-ordinated by the National Working Team Dr. Sergiu Musteaţă, PP2 Project Coordinator and Ms Iulia Postică, Project Manager and overseen by the International Experts Mr. Bernard Bouzou (France); Mr. David Johnson (United Kingdom) and Mr. Robert Pickard (United Kingdom).

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7 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 6 INTRODUCTION The Pilot Project for the Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns is taking place within the Council of Europe s Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme. The Preliminary Phase, launched jointly with the European Commission (Directorate General for Education and Culture) in September 2009, was completed in December The pilot project has been proposed in small and medium-sized historic towns maintaining a close connection with their surrounding environment to define geographically coherent territories where local stakeholders face difficulties in improving living conditions, creating social cohesion or engaging in economic activities. So far, forty five pilot towns are mobilised in the five participating countries (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine) to implement the common working methodology. Each pilot town is being guided in the identification of the main challenges involved in initiating a project for future development. The process is based on the underlining of heritage resources, including their importance in creating a sense of place and in safeguarding local identity for the local community, whilst also considering their present connections with the specific urban problems to be solved in each town. The pilot project reponds to various shared objectives: to develop and strengthen architectural and urban awareness in order to organise its careful adaptation to modern lifestyles; to decide on the priority interventions to be carried out in order to launch a sustainable process for urban development; to facilitate transversal reflections involving all public and private stakeholders towards a town project; to create local dynamics inspired by the best European practices; to set up a new urban governance through the direct participation of the inhabitants in the debate about the future of the town. Urban rehabilitation as another way of organising and managing towns As part of the pilot project, the basis for the elaboration of the urban project is the enhancement of the main heritage assets in order to consolidate the attractiveness of each town. By offering each citizen the possibility to highlight its link to the town or a specific area of the town, the process gives citizens responsibilities in the complex processes acting on the transformation of the built environment. An intense local life, animated by an active civil society and supported by the different levels of authorities is a clear alternative to the urban development logic that has severely marked previous generations by focusing on demolition rather than rehabilitation, and on the extension of space instead of the reuse of existing urban areas. The model of the town envisaged is a compact urban space, with a high quality of life and social cohesion. Such a town offers direct access to a social and cultural infrastructure with a sense of social justice. It does not exclude the adaptation of the historic parts to modern necessities, but targets sustainable development requirements giving priority to the economy of the ground by regenerating existing buildings and giving priority to housing in order to preserve the populations in all their diversity. The Preliminary Technical File (PTF): the first crucial step in the process The PTF was set up during the Preliminary Phase by twenty-three Pilot Towns. It is set up through a common methodology and is organised on the basis of identical sections and maps for all the pilot towns. The number of issues considered in this document is voluntarily limited, and therefore necessitates a selection of information available or collected by the local technical teams set up in each pilot town.

8 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 7 Presentation of the information, focusing on a limited number of maps, proposes a snapshot of the situation, which offers a simple and clear understanding of the main assets of the towns, organised around four main themes: - urban history: a description of the urban structure on the basis of its historical development underlines the permanencies of the past in today s town, which are important for inhabitants perceptions of their own towns, as well as the emotions the visitors may experience. These permanencies represent the material resources of that urban heritage, which is the potential which can support the future development of the town. - the functionalities of the town: the level of services offered in the historic centre and the quality of its accessibility allow an assessment of the users daily situation, as well as the resilience or the fragility of the central functions, on a town-wide scale. - the economic position and role of the town in the surrounding territory: the economic attractiveness of the town can be appreciated by considering its geographical location, the features of its associated territory, the quality of the accessibility to major infrastructures, the dynamism of its industrial and services network and the capacity of the municipality, especially in terms of investment. - heritage resources: resources can be assessed by identifying the buildings according to their time period, their situation as far as ownership and occupation are concerned and their state of conservation, including the level of protection and the effectiveness of the protection regulations as well as any architectural interventions and urban intrusions perturbing the image of the town. A step-by-step process based on project building The publication of the PTFs targets the local stakeholders awareness of the richness and diversity of the urban heritage defining the identity of their town and the level of resources at their disposal. This document also allows the local and national technicians and urban specialists of all sectors to engage in the next phase. The aims will be to define a strategic and pragmatic approach connecting heritage and urban projects in local synergies, and to set up good governance principles and mechanisms, ensuring the involvement of all stakeholders in the community in decisions about proposed rehabilitation actions. The Operational Phase will involve the pilot towns in a practical way, through: - the elaboration of an integrated local development strategy: the Diagnostic will identify the strengths and weaknesses specific to each town, indicating what could be a realistic ambition for a urban development project. - the adoption of operational guidelines: the Strategy will identify a series of key and priority rehabilitation actions implementable in the short-term and capable, if correctly connected, of generating a global revitalisation process. - the design, promotion and funding of the priority interventions on buildings: technical assessment, feasibility study and business plan (budget estimates, funding, investment partnerships), project management, conditions of implementation, site management.

9 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 8 Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia Moldova Ukraine AR_01 Alaverdi AZ_01 Barda GE_02 Akhaltsikhe MO_01 Balti UK_01 Bilovodsk AR_02 Ashtarak AZ_02 Gazakh GE_04 Chiatura MO_02 Cahul UK_02 Ivano-Frankivsk AR_03 Dilijan AZ_03 Göygöl GE_05 Dusheti MO_03 Leova UK_03 Khmilnyk AR_05 Goris AZ_05 Gakh GE_06 Gori MO_04 Orheiul Vechi UK_04 Lutsk AR_06 Gyumri AZ_07 Ordubad GE_07 Mestia MO_05 Soroca UK_05 Medzhybizh AR_07 Meghri AZ_08 Sheki GE_08 Poti UK_06 Melitopol AR_09 Oshakan AZ_09 Shemkir GE_09 Telavi UK_07 Pryluky AR_10 Vagharshapat AZ_10 Zagatala GE_10 Tskaltubo UK_08 Starokostiantyniv UK_09 Vinnitsa UK_10 Zhovkva

10 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 9 I. REFERENCE FILE 1.1 Brief information about the town Name Cahul Status City resort Contact person Position Name Address Telephone Mayor Burlacu Petru The Republic of Moldova Cahul Town, (299) prim_ch_md@yahoo.com Head of the Department of European Integration projects and Community Development Nebunu Anatolie Independentei st. The Republic of Moldova Cahul Town, 6 Independentei st Mobile: anebunu@hotmail.com 1.2 Short summary Cahul is a town, district centre and the capital of the south of the Republic of Moldova. It has a population of approximately 37 thousand inhabitants. Being a town of a considerable age, it possesses on its territory numerous historical and cultural monuments, dating from the Dace-Romanian period and the Bronze Age to the churches, museums, memorials and architectural monuments of the modern epoch. A great number of historical personalities, a multitude of historical events and the multicultural and multi-confessional character of Cahul are reflected in the large number of urban touristic monuments present (memorials, churches, underground passages and catacombs). These all create favourable conditions for realising historical tourism on a large scale. The Nufarul Alb health resort functioning in Cahul has given our town the status of city-resort. The mineral waters of the health resort are unique in Europe, having a rich content of sulphur salts, sodium chloride, iodine and bromine. 1.3 Potential partners (participants) Name Contact Local Community Foundation Sustainable Development of Cahul cbccahul@list.ru Regional Regional Development Agency South, Cimislia adrsud@gmail.com National International Cahul Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Moldova Ministries: The Ministry of Culture, Ministry of Regional Development and Construction RM-accredited embassies: U.S., Italy, Belarus, Russia, Poland. International organisations: UNICEF, World Bank, UNDP, Foundations: Moldova - East European Foundation Soros Foundation-Moldova, etc. Foreign investors: Tessile Mol LTD (Italy) Twinned cities: Moncada, Valencia, (Spain), Carmagnola (Italy), Medjidia (Romania) cahul@chamber.md Geographic, climatic and/or other physical factors that have had an impact on the morphology and structure of the town Cahul town is located in the Prut river basin, which represents a large valley of the Prut river, a tributary of the Danube. This area is intersected by many roads, there are steep slopes and neighbouring terraces here. The town of Cahul is 119m above the Black Sea and is situated 175km away from Chisinau, the capital of the Republic of Moldova, 5km away from the Romanian border and 35km from the Ukrainian border.

11 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 10 The availability of natural mineral waters unique in Europe (the Matesta type), which contains sulphur hydrogen, potash, chlorine, bromine, iodine and other compounds good for external treatment, and the Essentuki-17 mineral water used for internal treatment, have created favourable conditions for the development of a balneology complex presented by the Nufarul Alb health resort. Thus, Cahul has had the status of city-resort since The climate in this zone is temperate-continental. The average annual temperature is 10 C, isotherms being -3 C in January and 22 C in July. Cahul is situated in the hottest and driest part of Moldova. As a result, the mild climate creates favourable conditions for resting at the Nufarul Alb health resort throughout the year. 1.5 Historical events that have formed the identity of the town Cahul town was first mentioned in an official document issued by the royal chancellery on 2 nd July 1502, under the name of Scheia. Later the locality s name was changed to Frumoasa. There were several historical events in the development of Cahul that marked the urban evolution of this Moldovan settlement, which has reached the status and position of cultural, academic, medical and financial-economic capital of the southern region of the Republic of Moldova. This status has continued to play key roles and positions of Cahul for centuries. In 1835 by the regulation of the Russian Tsar Nikolai I, this town received the status of a territorial administrative centre and the town was named Cahul in honour of the victory won over the Turkish army at Cahul Lake on 21 st July By the end of the nineteenth century, Cahul became the centre of a district where fairs were held two days a week, and where there was a nine-day fair in the last quarter of the year and a one-day fair on 23 rd Apri. Cahul played the role of the main transit point for goods between the two sides of the Prut. These measures highlight the role Cahul played in Bessarabia as a centre of commerce and craft. In 1845, the first urbanisation plan for Cahul was approved. It specified the extension of the town by constructing stone buildings, market places, paved streets, etc. In 1850, a new brick church was built on stone foundations. It had a belfry and was surrounded by a metal fence. At present it is the building of St. Archangels Mihail and Gavriil. In 1854, as a result of a commercial deal, Dimitrie Caravasile, a merchant from Izmail town (currently part of Ukraine) became the owner of Cahul town. The list of those who were protectors and supported the development of Cahul includes many names well known in Bessarabia (nobles, princes, and people of culture). All these protectors and supporters of Cahul have created favourable conditions, which led to the development of Cahul as an economic and cultural town. 1.6 Socio-economic situation Population Cahul population is: 36,786 people (men 16,918, women 19,868). Number of people between 0-14 years 5,148 (5%), ,437 (17.5%), ,083 (19.25%), ,780 (21.15%), ,470 (14.87%), ,751 (7.48%), ,911 (5.2%), (0.56%). Migration Economic structure According to the National Bureau of Statistics data, 1 st January According to statistics from the Office for Employment relating to Cahul in 2010, migration from Cahul constituted 1,412 people. The number of industrial enterprises 94, from which: Drink and food industry 48 Light industry (textile, footwear industry) - 2 Construction 9 Others 35 The number of commercial enterprises, hotels and restaurants 363, from which: Transport services 4 Level of education List of education infrastructures Local and regional development Infrastructures of support in business 20, from which: Banks 11 Micro financing organisations 4 Consulting and training centres 2 Chamber of Commerce - 1 Business Associations - 2 Cahul s education and training for children and the youth is done in pre-school institutions, schools, secondary schools, specialised secondary schools, colleges and universities. 14 kindergartens for children 2,327 children 3 primary schools and 6 lyceums 3,720 students 2 professional schools 650 students 2 colleges (medicinal and pedagogical) 850 students 2 universities (accredited) 1,450 students National Development Strategy for Southern Regional Development Strategy.

12 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 11 policy Cahul Town Strategy for social and economic development for the years The draft strategy for the social and economic development of Cahul for the years that will be proposed for approval by Cahul City Council. Employment The total number of the working age population in Cahul is 25,300 people, of which 13,250 are men aged between years and 12,050 are women aged years. It is estimated that currently about 50% (12,430 people in 2010) of the working age population are employed. The largest employment sectors are the trade and services about 36%, the public sector (education, health, culture, administration, etc.) 32%, industry, including the processing industry about 20%, other sectors (construction, finance, transport, etc.) 12%. In 2010, there were 1,100 unemployed people. Source: Cahul Office for Employment 1.7 Capacity of action of the municipality Financial Local budget for ,4 thousand lei Resources Grant from State ,5 thousand lei Tax on land and property ,1 thousand lei Rent of public property - 142,7 thousand lei Structures of expenses Land and public property sales ,3 thousand lei Local budget expenses in 2010 constituted 66506,6 thousand lei, from which functioning costs (education ,5 thousand lei, culture, sport ,6 thousand lei), road maintenance - 768,2 thousand lei, electricity and gas - 559,7 thousand lei. 1.8 Supply and demand for space Offices 12% Demand for offices needs to be increased by 1% of the existing space. Shops 10% Demand is satisfied. Hotels 10% Demand is not satisfied. It is necessary to increase the amount of accommodation for visitors by two. Housing 68%. Supply exceeds demand, but the buying capacity of inhabitants is reduced and they are forsed to rent instead of purchasing a house. 1.9 State of public services The states of public services in the city are satisfactory (transport system, thermal system, water supply, sewerage system, pipelines, electricity, mobile network, Internet access and cable/digital.) All services are produced by municipal and private companies Legal and institutional situation The Law regarding the protection of monuments No XII from The Decision for the application of the Law regarding the protection of monuments No XII from , which includes the Registry of Monuments of the Republic of Moldova protected by the state. The Law regarding the protection of the archeological heritage No. 218 from Cahul Town Strategy for social and economic development for the years There are many architectural, historical and archaeological monuments in Cahul that were included in this registry as monuments of national importance. That which concerns the registry of the monuments of local importance is being elaborated at present. There are insufficient legal tools to take action in the event of damage to heritage, and penalties are usually not applied Cultural heritage Main features The cultural heritage of Cahul town includes material cultural heritage (historical monuments) and the cultural artefacts found in museums and collections that constitute immaterial cultural heritage. The main monuments of architectural, artistic and historical value in Cahul town are architectural monuments such as the Cathedral of St. Archangels Mihail and Gavriil, the oldstyle Orthodox church, the seat of Agroindbank, the Local Lore Museum of Cahul bulding, the B.P.Hasdeu university building. There are several historical monuments in Cahul: the house where the writer Alexandru Lipcan lived, the bust of B.P.Hasdeu (opened on 28 th June 1993),

13 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 12 the monument to Ioan Voda cel Cumplit (inaugurated on 4 th June 4, 1989), the bust to Stefan cel Mare (24 th November 2000), a bust of P.Rumeantev (inaugurated in 2001), the Symbol of Eternity, an architectural-sculptural composition dedicated to the 500 th anniversary of the first documented mention of the locality (inaugurated on 2 nd July 2002), memorial plates to Alexandru Lipcan (inaugurated in 1988 on the front of the house where the writer lived). The archeological monuments include the Skiff Necropolis, found near the airport (not researched). Value Architectural monuments 5, historical monuments 16, archeological monuments 2. Cultural heritage is the most important evidence of links between the cultural phenomena of the past and that of the present. It represents the most definite factors of cultural identity and the most important signs of the genesis and cultural evolution of people Possible contribution of heritage to the quality of life and to the social and economic prosperity of the town Within durable development, cultural heritage constitutes a resource that local people can use to increase their prosperity. In this sense, cultural heritage becomes an instrument for the realisation of other socially and economicallyimportant objectives: labour placement, economic and educational benefits, social cohesion, reduction of the phenomena of social faults, etc. Due to its features, Cahul town possesses a great capacity for tourism development in two principal directions: business tourism and urban tourism (historical and cultural tourism). On the one hand, it is possible due to the historical features of the town and, on the other hand, it is possible due to the development of the economic, cultural and educational sectors Challenges and opportunities Strengths The position of Cahul in a geographical zone extremely favourable for economic changes (Cahul being situated at the crossroads of national and international importance); Intensive economic activities that present Cahul as a zone having significant potential as a business environment; Cahul has a number of important historical and cultural sites, making it a zone with great potential for cultural tourism; Permanent interest aimed at and keeping our traditions through organising events of local, national and international significance (the international folklore festival Nufarul Alb and Bobocelul, and the festival of modern music Faces of Friends ); A well-developed banking system that includes the principal representatives in this sector; A large number of cultural institutions in Cahul (artistic events of European and international value, public cultural institutions, foreign cultural centres, folklore groups, etc.); Higher education institutions (one university); The youngest city in Moldova (55% of its population are young people under 30); Curative mineral waters unique in Europe are found in Cahul; The Nufarul Alb Health Resort; Cahul is located near the river port Giurgiulesti; Cahul is one of the localities within the ecotourism zone Prut River Delta ; It is a component part of the Lower Danube Euroregion; Cahul is situated in the warmest and driest part of the Republic of Moldova. Weak points Insufficient co-ordination amongst local community agents; Difficulties referring to the efficient management of local resources; Inactive presentation and promotion of Cahul on the national and international stage; Low appreciation of Cahul s multicultural potential; An under-developed infrastructure; Insufficient usage of existing cultural places; The state of degradation of certain cultural centres; Cultural and art institutions and museums are financed predominantly from the local and district budget, which is not sufficient to finance long term activities; Large population movement of creators (actors, directors, writers, visual art specialists, musicians, critics) to Chisinau and abroad; Lack of synchronisation between the local artistic products and international trends; Lack of research and development initiatives in the cultural domains; Low level of support given to culture by local resources local budget, local business community, etc. Opportunities Proximity to the EU borders (geographically it is in the cross-border zone); Financial support from international organisations; Ethno-cultural diversity;

14 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 13 Threats Great potential to develop cultural tourism; Possibilities to develop local creative industries (advertising, editing of books, film production, music industry, fashion, architecture, etc.). Continued deterioration of historical buildings; Insufficient competence of cultural workers in the sphere of cultural management; Shortage of premises for independent cultural activities Participation in international co-operation (including technical support to projects) Type of project or 2005 Cross-border collaboration in the field of entrepreneurship development: area of main activities (urban Project TACIS CBC SPF /936: Development of the support for small and mediumsized enterprises in Moldova. rehabilitation, art/culture, crossborder collaboration, etc.) Donors European Commission Partners District Council of Galati city, Romania, mayoralty of Moncada town, Valencia, Spain Type of project or area of main activities (urban rehabilitation, art/culture, crossborder collaboration, etc.) Donors Partners Type of project or area of main activities (urban rehabilitation, art/culture, crossborder collaboration, etc.) Donors Partners Type of project or area of main activities (urban rehabilitation, art/culture, crossborder collaboration, etc.) Donors Partners 2007 Cross-border collaboration in the ecological field: Project TACIS CITIES AWARD SCHEME: Environmental protection through selective collection of garbage. European Commission City Council of Galati municipality, Romania 2009 Cross-border collaboration in the social field: Neighbourhood Programme Romania Republic of Moldova Project Phare RO-2005/ : Development of social services for old people. Ministry of European Integration City Council of Galati municipality, Romania Cross-border collaboration in the social field: Common Operational Programme Romania Ukraine Republic of Moldova Project: To understand autism. European Commission City Council of Galati municipality, Romania

15 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 14 II. THEMATIC MAPS t.m. 2.1 Location of the town in the context of the country or region

16 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 15 t.m. 2.2a Traffic circulation, transport and access to the town

17 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 16 t.m. 2.2b Traffic circulation, transport and access to the town

18 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 17 t.m. 2.2c Traffic circulation, transport and access to the town

19 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 18 t.m. 2.3 Main activities/functions in buildings

20 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 19 t.m. 2.4 New buildings/development/interventions in the historic centre

21 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 20 t.m. 2.5 Time periods/epochs of buildings

22 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 21 t.m. 2.6 Cultural heritage protected and unprotected buildings of architectural interest and other heritage assets

23 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 22 t.m. 2.7a Occupation and ownership of buildings and undeveloped sites

24 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 23 t.m. 2.7b Occupation and ownership of buildings and undeveloped sites

25 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 24 t.m. 2.8 Physical state of the condition of buildings

26 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 25 t.m. 2.9 Physical state of the condition of roads, pavement surfaces and public areas

27 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 26 III. HISTORICAL MAPS h.m. 3a General plan of the town of Cahul in 1845

28 Kyiv Initiative Regional Programme - Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns 27 h.m. 3b Military map of the town of Cahul from 1938