Forschung und Entwicklung im Spannungsfeld zwischen Innovation und Gesellschaft

Transcription

1 Forschung und Entwicklung im Spannungsfeld zwischen Innovation und Gesellschaft Directorate for Science, Economy and Society European Commission / Directorate General for Research 1

2 Übersicht wichtigsten politischen Entwicklungen auf EU Ebene 2010 welche praktischen Auswirkungen hat dies, vor allem auf die Forschung Innovation und gesellschaftliche Zielsetzungen Beispiele europäischer Instrumente 2

3 Barroso Guidelines Political documents EU 2020 Strategy Innovation Union The EU Budget review The world in European Research Area Joint Programming 3

4 THE TRENDS Global Trends The Asian century In 2025, nearly two thirds of the world population will live in Asia Asia, with increasing inequalities, becomes the first producer and exporter of the world Asia catches up with (and overtakes?) the United States and Europe in the area of research Poverty and mobility of men and women International migration will develop and without an important inflow of immigrants, the European population would start to decrease as from 2012 A third of the world population is undernourished; on the other hand obesity increases in developed countries The global health situation is improving but new risks are emerging Increasing scarcity of natural resources, vulnerability of the planet The new geopolitics of energy are characterized by a relative balance of the strategic importance of the Middle East, Russia and the Caucasus More than 50 % of the major ore reserves are located in very poor countries Three billion people will be missing water in

5 Global Trends TENSIONS Tension between the current methods of production, of consumption and the future availability of non renewable resources Tensions between a general and simultaneous process of increasing economic interdependence and differentiation Tensions between spatial proximity in the context of accelerated urbanisation and cultural distance 5

6 Global Trends THE MAJOR TRANSITIONS Stabilising the world, recognising new key-actors Transition towards a multi-polar world and world governance Politico-cultural transition towards a new universalism Transition towards a large integrated Europe and a global Europe Draw on the ecological and demographic challenges to invent a new development model Transition towards a new socio-ecological production model Urban transition and the new territorial dynamics Demographic transition and active ageing 6

7 Political guidelines by President Barroso Five key challenges confronting Europe today: 1. Restarting economic growth today and ensuring long-term sustainability and competitiveness for the future. 2. Tackling unemployment and reinforcing social cohesion. 3. Turning the challenge of a sustainable Europe to our competitive advantage. 4. Ensuring security for Europeans. 5. Reinforcing EU citizenship and participation. 7

8 Europe 2020 Implementation Progress will be measured against 5 headline EU-level targets Employment: 75 % of the population aged should be employed. Research: 3% of the EU's GDP should be invested in R&D. Climate Change: "20/20/20" climate/energy targets should be met. Education & Training: The share of early school drop-outs should be under 10% At least 40% of the younger generation should have a diploma. Poverty: 20 million less people should be at risk of poverty. Member States will need to translate this into national targets 8

9 Europe 2020 Strategy Examples 9

10 Europe 2020 Strategy Examples 10

11 Innovation Union Strengths in the EU: Science base Technologies: e.g. energy and environment Sectors: e.g. aerospace, creative industries Competences: e.g. design, cross-cultural Public sector Weaknesses in EU: Under investment in R&I (Particularly private sector and risk capital) Unfavourable framework conditions (Costly patents, market fragmentation, slow standard setting, risk-averse public procurement etc.) Fragmented public policies and support (Disconnected EU, national, regional systems; overlapping efforts; complex support) 11

12 Innovation Union Innovation main solution to the growing societal challenges Key elements of the Innovation Union: - Nurturing the knowledge base (advancing with ERA, increased focus on societal challenges, better dissemination and exploitation of results) - Enabling access to finance (review of EU instruments and state aid framework, venture capital funds) - Creating a single innovation market (EU patent, new regulatory framework, standard setting, interoperability, public procurement for innovative products and services) - Innovation Partnerships to address specific challenges bringing together all key actors - Stepping up international cooperation (attracting best brains and companies to Europe, tackling global challenges together) 12

13 Innovation Union From Idea to Market Excellent knowledge base Access to finance Innovation market European Innovation Partnerships Principles for Member State policies International cooperation Governance 13

14 Budget Review EU budget: effective but too rigid Tomorrow's number one priority: smart, sustainable and inclusive growth Fostering EU citizenship Europe must remain a key international actor Improving administrative expenditure Seeking creativity, flexibility and efficiency Finding the right mix of resources The Commission will look at the next budget based on 5 principles: - focus on policy priorities - focus on added value - focus on results - solidarity in delivering mutual benefits, and - reform the financing of the budget. 14

15 Practical implications At EU level: Influence on the financial perspectives from 2013 onwards Signal in view of preparing the new framework programme for research and development (from 2014 on) Direct influence on the functioning of FP7 and its Calls (issues within the Work Programmes 2011 and 2012) On national level: Break-down into national targets of the EU 2020 strategy (Stability / convergence programmes; national reform programmes for country-specific and thematic monitoring of progress towards the Europe 2020 targets for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. Despite significant fiscal constraints, governments are responsible for ensuring continued investment in growth, for example through education, research and innovation or energy efficiency. Influence on priority-setting in national funding strategies (international initiatives versus national activities) 15

16 The challenge for science and research will be to effectively combine the need to respond to societal needs with issues of innovation 16

17 Linking innovation to society and societal needs It is about: Where Innovation Takes Place Industry Context The Sources of Ideas (who is involved) Size and Complexity of Organization Innovation maturity Cultural and human dimension 17

18 Linking innovation to society and societal needs What it means for research and development - Who is doing the research and who are you cooperating with? What about involving stakeholders? - Top-down / bottom up research (basic research / applied research) - What kind of infrastructure and knowledge is available (research / innovation) - How is research and development organised? - What kind of funding is available? 18

19 Joint Programming The overall aim of Joint Programming is to pool national research efforts to make better use of Europe's public R&D resources and to tackle common European challenges more effectively in a few key areas. It is a new process combining a strategic framework, a bottom-up approach and high-level commitment from Member States. December 3rd, 2009: the Council of Ministers adopted a pilot Joint Programming Initiative on Neurodegenerative diseases (including Alzheimer's disease) April 2010: The EC adopted Recommendations to launch the new JPIs on 1) Agriculture, Food security and Climate Change, 2) Cultural Heritage and Global Change, 3) A healthy diet for a healthy life. May 2010: Six additional topics were agreed on by the MS for JPIs Connecting Climate Knowledge for Europe (Clik'EU); Healthy and Productive Seas and Oceans; More Years, Better Lives - The Potential and Challenges of Demographic Change; The microbial challenge - An emerging threat to human health; Urban Europe - Global Challenges, Local Solutions; Water Challenges for a Changing World. 19

20 Challenges (large scale research projects within the SSH Programme) Each Challenge will be addressed by a specific set of research actions combined in a single large scale integrating project. Activities to be included in the projects are: A coordinated inter-disciplinary approach and plurality of perspectives to examine the different dimensions of the Societal Challenge considered; Building on previous research; stock-taking; Forward looking / Foresight analysis on the evolution of the Societal Challenge, where relevant; Deployment of a significant international cooperation dimension in addition to the European dimension; Dissemination and exploitation of research results in a variety of contexts (scientific, policy, media, civil society); Development of an effective critical mass of actors, involving a wide range of key stakeholders; A rigorous professional approach on managing research and day-to-day administrative work; Ethical and gender dimensions will continue to be relevant in both the conduct of the research. 20

21 Social Innovation The process of Social Innovation: Social innovation is innovation that is social both in its ends and in its means. New ideas (products, services and models) that simultaneously meet social needs (more effectively than alternatives) and create new social relationships or collaboration. Study on Social Innovation, A paper prepared by the Social Innovation exchange (SIX) and the Young Foundation for the Bureau of European Policy Advisors European Union/The Young Foundation 2010 In other words it refers to innovation that is both benefits society and enhances society s capacity to act. 21

22 Social Innovation The Innovation Union paper envisages - a European Social Innovation pilot which will provide expertise and a networked 'virtual hub' for social entrepreneurs, the public and third sectors. - The promotion of social innovation through the European Social Fund (ESF) - This will be complemented by support to innovative social experiments to be developed in the framework of the European Platform against Poverty. - Support a substantial research programme on public sector and social innovation, looking at issues such as measurement and evaluation, financing etc. - Pilot a European Public Sector Innovation Scoreboard as a basis for further work to benchmark public sector innovation. - The Commission will consult the social partners to examine how the knowledge economy can be spread to all occupational levels and all sectors. Within the Programme for the Socio-economic Sciences and Humanities (FP7) the following research topics are planned related to Social Innovation: 2012 Topic: Unveiling innovation and creativity for industries in Europe 2012 Topic: Governance frameworks for responsible innovation 2012 Topic: Measuring the impacts of the Innovation Union 2013 Topic: Mapping social innovation in Europe 22

23 Mobilisation and Mutual Learning Action Plans (MML) An MML Action Plan aims to create mechanisms to : Address Societal Challenges where science and technology are involved Bring together as partners different actors Pool partners knowledge and experience Develop mutual understanding and joint solutions In an MML Action Plan research organisations form partnerships with civil society organisations and other actors who convey different perspectives on the Societal Challenge they address together. Thus an MML Action Plan leads to new ways of doing research and developing technologies encompassing societal needs and concerns. ftp://ftp.cordis.europa.eu/pub/fp7/ssh/docs/mml_en.pdf 23