Cost Model for Digital Preservation. Ulla Bøgvad Kejser, Preservation Specialist, PhD The Royal Library, Denmark

Transcription

1 Cost Model for Digital Preservation Ulla Bøgvad Kejser, Preservation Specialist, PhD The Royal Library, Denmark

2 Outline Background information Methodology Implementation Usage scenarios Conclusions 2

3 About the CMDP project Title Cost Model for Digital Preservation (CMDP) Partners The Danish National Archives The Royal Library Associated partners The State and University Library The Danish Data Archive Resources : 30 Man-months 3

4 Intended users of CMDP Managers of trustworthy digital repositories Archives, libraries, institutional repositories, data centres (public and private) Digital preservation/curation lifecycle 4

5 User requirements Assess current and future costs of preservation in order to obtain resources from funders Use available resources more efficiently Compare costs of different preservation alternatives Support planning and decision-making 5

6 Solution: a generic cost model Accounting principles International Standard Cost Model Manual (SCM/OECD:2004) Framework and structure OAIS Reference Model (ISO 14721:2003) 6

7 SCM: Accounting principles Activity based lifecycle costs Direct investment costs Direct operation and maintenance costs Indirect costs (overhead) Cost parameters Labour (wage x time) Acquisitions ( ) Financial adjustments Depreciation Inflation (deflation) 7

8 OAIS: Framework and structure Lifecycle costs of digital curation 8

9 OAIS: Composite of Functional Entities 9

10 Identification and analysis of activities Ingest/Generate AIP The Generate AIP function transforms one or more SIPs into one or more AIPs that conform to the archive s data formatting and documentation standards. This may involve file format conversions, data representation conversions or reorganization of the content information in the SIPs. The Generate AIP function may issue report requests to Data Management to obtain reports of information needed by the Generate AIP function to produce the Descriptive Information that completes the AIP. This function sends SIPs or AIPs for audit to the Audit Submission function in Administration, and receives back an audit report. ID: C Cost critical Not cost critical Included in other activity 10

11 Cost critical activities Description and delimitation of cost critical activities Identification of dependencies E.g. amount of data, complexity of object/submission, requirements for information security (Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability) Estimation of cost parameters Labour/acquisition cost 11

12 Implementation in tool Design of formulas and implementation of formulas in tool Excel/Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) Tool includes predefined parameters (best practice) Parameters are changeable 12

13 Abstract level versus concrete levels Abstract level (OAIS): This may involve file format conversions,... Concrete levels (implementations/workflows) Migration system Operation and maintenance of migration system Quality levels E.g. error handling (identification/correction/tolerance) 13

14 Future price movements? Adjustment of cost parameters over time Labour (salaries) Expected to increase Economical crisis? Storage media Expected to decrease Natural disaster/economical crisis? Formats/objects Tend to last longer Reduces migration frequency (cost) Tend to gain complexity Increases cost of migration tools CMDP assumes status quo 14

15 CMDP tool: work in progress! Coverage Ingest, Archival Storage, Preservation Planning, Administration Data Management, Access, Common Services Materials (data profiles) Archive and library data Unformatted text, word processing, spread sheet, graphic, sound, video, hypertext, geospatial-data, , database Research data Simple static data (tables) Advanced dynamic data (models) 15

16 CMDP tool: Input tab 16

17 CMDP tool: Input tab Select storage system(s)/ number of data sets (copies) Storage systems: Magnetic disks RAID 6 SATA (on-line) HDD with docking station (off-line) Magnetic tape LTO-5 tape library (near-line) LTO-5 autoloader (off-line) Optical DVD Disk robot (off-line) Blue Ray (off-line) 17

18 CMDP tool: Input tab Select source and destination format(s) 18

19 CMDP tool: Input tab Key in yearly increase in data amount (GB) (over 20 years) 19

20 CMDP tool: Input tab Adjust salary levels? 20

21 CMDP tool: Input tab Calculate costs! 21

22 CMDP tool: Cost tab 22

23 CMDP tool: Ingest tab 23

24 Usage example 1 Evaluation of alternative storage solutions Danish National Archives (DNA) Holding Currently 30 TB Expected yearly increase TB (1-20 years) Current storage solution (three sets of data) RAID 6 (on-line) DVD disc robot (off-line) DVD disc robot (off-line) Alternative solution (three sets of data) LTO Tape Library (near-line) LTO Tape Autoloader (off-line) LTO Tape Autoloader (off-line) 24

25 TB Evaluation of storage solutions DNA accumulated Current: 1.1 million Altern.: 0.4 million Quality! Accum. Acc:RAID_6_S;DVD_Disc;DVD_Disc Acc:LTO_Auto;LTO_Auto;LTO_Tape

26 Usage example 2 Lifecycle costs (KB-DK) 10 TB TIFF 6.0/ increase 10 TB/year Migration (TIFF 6.0 to JPEG 2000) Storage solution (three sets of data) RAID 6 LTO Tape Autoloader LTO Tape Autoloader Administration Access Common Services Preservation Planning Ingest Data Management Archival Storage 26

27 Accumulated lifecycle costs 2,000,000 / 200 TB / 20 years 27

28 Conclusions SCM & OAIS constitute a good design framework Mapping from the conceptual level to concrete implementations is difficult Difficult to estimate costs due to lack of empirical cost data Lacks assessment of costs of Data Management, Access and Common Services The CMDP-tool is a working prototype Precision & flexibility versus complexity User friendly? Economic models: costs & benefits Include a measure of quality levels 28

29 Future opportunities International collaboration on developing economic models for digital preservation E.g. via the next EU Framework Program for Research and Innovation Horizon

30 Questions? Illustrations: CMDP project website: CMDP team: Anders Bo Nielsen, Danish National Archives, Alex Thirifays, Danish National Archives, Ulla Bøgvad Kejser, The Royal Library, 30