The Swiss Inventory of Agricultural Greenhouse Gases
|
|
|
- Jeffery Spencer
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Federal Department of Economic Affairs FDEA Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon Research Station ART The Swiss Inventory of Agricultural Greenhouse Gases Daniel Bretscher / Katharina Staudt / Jens Leifeld Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon ART Air Pollution / Climate Group Daniel Bretscher Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon Research Station ART
2 Content 1. Introduction 2. Agricultural GHG-emissions in Switzerland 3. Methodology 4. Accounting of carbon stocks and CSC 5. Uncertainty and related implications 6. Reflections on Mitigation 2
3 Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Sectors 10.8% Switzerland 2009 IPCC Sector 4 - Agriculture 17-32% Bellarby et al % 18% Livestock Steinfeld et al Source: AR4, WG III; IPCC
4 Methods and Data Alternative Frameworks Food chain approach 40% Source: Garnett
5 Methods and Data IPCC Guidelines and Good Practice Guidance 1996 revised IPCC Guidelines IPCC Good Practice Guidance 2000 IPCC Good Practice Guidance LULUCF IPCC Guidelines 5
6 Methods and Data Basic Approach and Levels of Complexity Emission = AD * EF Tier 1: AD * IPCC Default EF Tier 2: AD * EF calculated according to IPCC Guidelines and GPG Tier 3: Country Specific Emission Factor Database EFDB Official Approval during UNFCCC Annual Review Annual Review UNFCCC 6
7 Agricultural Greenhouse Gases CO 2 Carbon Dioxide 1 Global Warming Potential (100 years) CO 2 -equivalent CH 4 Methane 21 N 2 O Nitrous Oxide 310 7
8 Content 1. Introduction 2. Agricultural GHG-emissions in Switzerland 3. Methodology 4. Accounting of carbon stocks and CSC 5. Uncertainty and related implications 6. Reflections on Mitigation 8
9 Gg CO 2 equivalent Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Switzerland '000 9'000 8'000 7'000 6'000 5'000 4'000 3'000 2'000 1'000 0 CO 2 N 2 O CH 4 Land Use and Land Use Change: Grassland Land Use and Land Use Change: Cropland Off-Road Traffic (Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery) Agricultural Soils: Indirect Soil Emissions Agricultural Soils: Pasture, Range and Paddock Agricultural Soils: Direct Soil Emissions Manure Management Manure Management Enteric Fermentation 9
10 Gg CO 2 equivalent 1000 head Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Switzerland '000 9'000 8'000 7'000 2'000 1'800 1'600 1'400 6'000 1'200 5'000 4'000 3'000 2'000 1' % -8.12% 1' Cattle Population 10
11 Contribution of different livestock categories to methane emissions in Switzerland (2009) Swine 7.0% Sheep 3.4% Horses 1.0% Poultry 0.7% Goats 0.6% Mules and Asses 0.2% Cattle 87.2% 11
12 Barley Potatoes % Difference / Wheat Maize Fruit Vine Soybeans Silage Corn Green Corn Rape Spelt Triticale Milk production Sugar Beet Non-Leg. Vegetables Fodder Beet Oats Rye Peas Leg. Vegetables Total Agricultural Area Fertilizer N Agricultural Production in Switzerland 1990 vs
13 Content 1. Introduction 2. Agricultural GHG-emissions in Switzerland 3. Methodology 4. Accounting of carbon stocks and CSC 5. Uncertainty and related implications 6. Reflections on Mitigation 13
14 CH 4 Enteric Fermentation Manure Management Gross Energy Intake Solid Storage / Deep litter VS Liquid System Pasture 14
15 Pasture N 2 O N ex Commercial Fertilizers NO 3 - Indirect N 2 O Emissions Direct N 2 O Emissions NO x NO 3 - NOx Leaching and Runoff Manure Management Crop Residues Solid Storage Liquid Systems Animal Production Nitrogen Fixation Manure Applied to Soils NH 3 + NH 3 + NH 3 + Atmospheric Deposition Fertilization Animal manure Synthetic fertilizers Cultivation of Histosols 15
16 Content 1. Introduction 2. Agricultural GHG-emissions in Switzerland 3. Methodology 4. Accounting of carbon stocks and CSC 5. Uncertainty and related implications 6. Reflections on Mitigation 16
17 CO 2 Carbon Stock Carbon Stock Carbon Stock Carbon Stock mineral organic mineral organic Grassland Cropland 17
18 Grassland Cropland Accounting of Carbon Stock Change: Swiss GHG Inventory: Soil Organic Carbon 0-30 cm Source: FOEN
19 Grassland Cropland Accounting of Carbon Stock Change: Swiss GHG Inventory: Soil Organic Carbon 0-30 cm Cropland 53.4 t C ha -1 Permanent Grassland 68.2 t C ha -1 Organic Soils t C ha -1 Source: FOEN
20 Accounting of Carbon Stock Change: Swiss GHG Inventory: Land Use Change Source: Poeplau et al Years conversion time vs. Slow in Rapid out 20
21 Accounting of Carbon Stock Change: Swiss GHG Inventory: Land Use - Carbon Stock changes Source: FOEN
22 Accounting of Carbon Stock Change: Swiss GHG Inventory: Land Use - Carbon Stock changes Mineral Soils 0.00 t C ha -1 yr -1 Organic Soils t C ha -1 yr -1 Source: FOEN
23 Gg CO 2 equivalent Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Switzerland '000 9'000 8'000 7'000 6'000 5'000 4'000 3'000 2'000 1'000 0 CO 2 N 2 O CH 4 Land Use and Land Use Change: Grassland Land Use and Land Use Change: Cropland Off-Road Traffic (Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery) Agricultural Soils: Indirect Soil Emissions Agricultural Soils: Pasture, Range and Paddock Agricultural Soils: Direct Soil Emissions Manure Management Manure Management Enteric Fermentation 23
24 Accounting of Carbon Stock Change: Swiss GHG Inventory: Measuring Data NABO - Grassland Figure 7-12: Time series of measured SOC content in the top soil (0-20 cm) at the 32 NABO grassland sites from the 1st to the 4th re-sampling campaigns (including some sites with the 5th). Values were centered by the median SOC content of all re-samplings of the monitoring site. Each value presents the median of four bulked soil samples per campaign. The altitude of the grassland sites ranges between 265 and 2340 m.a.s.l. Source: FOEN
25 Accounting of Carbon Stock Change: Swiss GHG Inventory: Measuring Data NABO - Cropland Figure 7-11: Time series of measured SOC content in the top soil (0-20 cm) at the 38 NABO cropland sites from the 1st to the 4th re-sampling campaigns (including some sites with the 5th). Values were centered by the median SOC content of all re-samplings of the monitoring site. Each value presents the median of four bulked soil samples per campaign. The altitude of the cropland sites ranges between 209 and 945 m.a.s.l. Source: FOEN
26 Accounting of Carbon Stock Change: Swiss GHG Inventory: Long Term Field Trials- Cropland Source: Holenstein
27 Accounting of Carbon Stock Change: Annex I Countries: CSC 2009: tc*ha -1 *yr
28 42 Annex I Countries Accounting of Carbon Stock Change: Annex I Countries: Reporting Methods and emission factors (EF) used for CO 2 emissions in National Inventory Reports for the six land-use categories. Tier 3 methods are shaded in blue, Tier 2 methods in light blue. Forest Cropland Grassland Wetlands Settlements Other land Method EF Method EF Method EF Method EF Method EF Method EF Australia T1,T2,T3 CS,M T3 M T2,T3 CS,M NA NA NA NA NA NA Austria T1,T2,T3 CS T2 CS,D T2 CS T2 CS T2 CS T2 CS Belarus T1 CS,D T1 D NA NA T2 CS NA NA NA NA Belgium CS,T1,T2 CS CS,T1,T2 CS CS,T1,T2 CS CS,T1 CS CS,T1 CS CS,T1 CS Bulgaria T1,T2 CS,D T1,T2 CS,D T1 CS T1 CS T1 CS NA NA Canada T3 CS CS,T1,T2,T3 CS,D NA NA T2,T3 CS T1,T2,T3 CS NA NA Croatia T1,T2 D NA NA NA NA NA NA T1 D NA NA Czech Republic CS,T1,T2 CS,D CS,T1,T2 CS,D CS,T1,T2 CS,D T1 CS,D T1 CS,D NA NA Denmark T1,T3 CS T2 D NA NA Estonia T1,T2 D T1 D T1,T2 D T1 D NA NA NA NA Finland T2,T3 CS,D D,T1,T3 CS,D CS,T1,T3 CS,D T2 CS NA NA NA NA France CR,CS,T2 CS CS,T2 CS CS,T2 CS CS,T2 CS CS,T2 CS CS,T2 CS Germany CS,T1,T2 CS,D CS,D,T2 CS CS CS CS,T1 D CS,T1 CS,D NA NA Greece T1,T2 CS,D T1,T2 CS,D NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Hungary T1,T2 CS,D T1 D T1,T2 CS,D NA NA T1,T2 CS,D NA NA Iceland T2,T3 CS T1,T2 CS,D T1,T2,T3 CS,D RA,T2 CS NA NA NA NA Ireland D,T1,T3 CS,D T1 D T1 D T1 D T1,T2 CS,D D,T1 CS,D Italy T1,T2,T3 CS,D T1,T2,T3 CS,D T1,T2,T3 CS,D NA NA T1 CS,D NA NA Japan T1,T2,T3 CS,D T1,T2 CS,D T1,T2 CS,D T2 CS,D T1a,T1b,T2 CS,D T2 CS,D Kazakhstan T2 CS T1 D T1 D NA NA T1 D NA NA Latvia T1,T2 CS,D D,T1,T2 CS,D T1 D T1 D T2 CS NA NA Liechtenstein T2 CS T2 CS T2 CS T2 CS T2 CS T2 CS Lithuania T1,T2 CS,D NA NA NA NA T1 D T1 D Luxembourg T1,T2 CS,D T1 CS,D T1 CS,D T1 CS,D T1 CS,D T1 CS,D Malta CS D CS D NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Monaco NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T1a D NA NA Netherlands CS CS NA NA NA NA New Zealand T1,T2 CS,D T1,T2 CS,D T1,T2 CS,D NA NA T1,T2 CS,D T1,T2 CS,D Norway T1,T3 CS,D T1,T2,T3 CS,D T1 CS T1 CS T3 CS T3 CS Poland T2 CS D,T2 CS,D T2 D D,T1 CS,D T1 D NA NA Portugal CS,T2 CS,D T2 CS,D T2 CS,D D,T2 CS,D D,T2 CS,D D,T2 CS,D Romania T1,T2 CS,D NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Russian Federation. CS,T2 CS T1 D CS,T1,T3 CS,D T1 D CS CS NA NA Slovakia T2 CS T1,T2 CS,D T2 CS NA NA T2 CS T2 CS Slovenia CS,D,T1,T2, T3 CS,D,PS D,T1,T2 CS,D D,T1,T2 CS,D NA NA T1,T2 CS,D NA NA Spain CS,T1,T2 CS,D T2 CS,D T2 CS,D NA NA T1 CS,D NA NA Sweden T1,T2,T3 CS T1,T2,T3 CS T1,T2,T3 CS T3 CS T2,T3 CS NA NA Switzerland T2 CS T2 CS T2 CS T2 CS T2 CS T2 CS Turkey T1,T2 CS,D Ukraine T1,T2 CS,D CS,T1,T2 CS,D CS,T2 CS,D T1,T2 CS,D T2 CS T2 CS United Kingdom CS,D,T3 CS CS,D,T3 CS CS,D CS D CS CS,D,T3 CS NA NA United States T3 CS T1,T2,T3 CS,D T2,T3 CS T1 D T2,T3 CS NA NA Source: UNFCCC
29 Accounting of Carbon Stock Change: Annex I Countries: Suggested Method IPCC Source: IPCC 2003 Land Use Input of Organic Matter Management Regime (Tillage) 29
30 Accounting of Carbon Stock Change: Annex I Countries: Suggested Method IPCC Animal manure Crop type (N-fixing crops) Crop yield (fertilization) Improved vegetated fallows (green manure, cover crops) Irrigation Frequent use of perennial grasses in annual crop rotations Farming system Source: IPCC 2003 Land Use Input of Organic Matter Management Regime (Tillage) 30
31 Accounting of Carbon Stock Change: Annex I Countries: Suggested Method IPCC Source: IPCC
32 Accounting of Carbon Stock Change: Annex I Countries: Suggested Method IPCC t*ha -1 *y -1 For Cropland in Switzerland Source: IPCC
33 Gg CO 2 equivalent Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Switzerland '000 9'000 8'000 7'000 6'000 5'000 4'000 3'000 2'000 1'000 0 All Cropland under No-tillage: CO 2 N 2 O CH 4 Land Use and Land Use Change: Grassland Land Use and Land Use Change: Cropland Off-Road Traffic (Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery) Agricultural Soils: Indirect Soil Emissions Agricultural Soils: Pasture, Range and Paddock Agricultural Soils: Direct Soil Emissions Manure Management Manure Management Enteric Fermentation 405 Gg CO 2 equ. 33
34 Gg CO 2 equivalent Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Switzerland '000 9'000 8'000 7'000 6'000 5'000 4'000 3'000 2'000 1' % compensation of agricultural emissions (7 000 Gg CO 2 2 equ.) with cropland and favorable grassland carbon sequestration: N 2 O CH 4 Land Use and Land Use Change: Grassland Land Use and Land Use Change: Cropland Off-Road Traffic (Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery) Agricultural Soils: Indirect Soil Emissions Agricultural Soils: Pasture, Range and Paddock Agricultural Soils: Direct Soil Emissions Manure Management Manure Management Enteric Fermentation 2.1 tc * ha -1 * yr -1 34
35 Accounting of Carbon Stock Change: Annex I Countries: Other Methods IPCC Tier1 ICBM Sweden C-Tool Denmark Century USA 35
36 Accounting of Carbon Stock Change: Annex I Countries: Other Methods Climate Management Input data SOM pools C-N interaction Depth Soil layers Up-scaling IPCC Tier1 ICBM Sweden C-Tool Denmark Century USA 36
37 Accounting of Carbon Stock Changes: Tools & Models 37
38 Accounting of Carbon Stock Changes: Tools & Models C-AGG: Coalition on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases Source: Driver et al. (2010) 38
39 Accounting of Carbon Stock Changes: Emission Trading System Voluntary Carbon Market
40 Accounting of Carbon Stock Change: Annex I Countries: CSC 2009: tc*ha -1 *yr -1 40
41 Content 1. Introduction 2. Agricultural GHG-emissions in Switzerland 3. Methodology 4. Accounting of carbon stocks and CSC 5. Uncertainty and related implications 6. Reflections on Mitigation 41
42 Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Switzerland 1990 vs Error bars correspond to the 95% confidence interval 42
43 Compliance and Confidence: Uncertainties Source: Jonas and Nilsson (2007) modified 43
44 Compliance and Confidence: Uncertainties? Source: Jonas and Nilsson (2007) modified 44
45 Content 1. Introduction 2. Agricultural GHG-emissions in Switzerland 3. Methodology 4. Accounting of carbon stocks and CSC 5. Uncertainty and related implications 6. Reflections on Mitigation 45
46 Mitigation Strategies in Agriculture 46
47 Mitigation Strategies in Agriculture Source: Hersener et al. (2011) 47
48 48
49 Mitigation Strategies in Agriculture Baseline Method IPCC default National inventories MRV-Guidelines Integrative approach (source and sink interactions) Pollution swapping (GHG, other polluting agents) System boundaries food chain approach grey (precursor) GHG emissions post farm gate emissions LULUCF landscape approach Leakage (displacement of activities) Output based approach Permanence Reliability (how to deal with uncertainties?) 49
50 Thank you! ART Research for Agriculture and Nature art.admin.ch Phone
51 References Driver, K., Haugen-Kozyra, K., Janzen, R. 2010: Agriculture sector greenhouse gas practices and quantification review: Review: Phase 1 Report. Market mechanisms for agricultural greenhouse gases (M-AGG): 52pp. FOEN 2011: Switzerland s Greenhouse Gas Inventory : National Inventory Report, CRF tables, Kyoto Protocol LULUCF tables , SEF and SIAR tables from the National Registry. Submission of 15 April 2011 under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and under the Kyoto Protocol. Federal Office for the Environment, Bern. Garnett, T. 2011: Where are the best opportunities for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the food system (including the food chain)? Food Policy 36 (Supplement 1): Holenstein, H. 2010: Humusbilanzen in Schweizer landwirtschaftlichen Dauerfeldversuchen: Validierung von Humusbilanzmodellen. Masterarbeit: Geographisches Institut der Universität Zürich. Zürich, August Hermle, S., Anken, T., Leifeld, J., Weisskopf, P. 2008: The effect of the tillage system on soil organic carbon content under moist, cold-temperate conditions. Soil & Tillage Research 98 (1): Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) 1997: Greenhouse Gas Inventory Reference Manual, Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Reference Manual (Volume 3). Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) 2003: Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (IPCC GPG LULUCF). Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) 2007: Fourth assessment report: Climate Change 2007: Working Group III: Mitigation of Climate Change (eds. Metz B. et al.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; 852pp. 51
52 References Jonas, M., Nilsson, S. 2007: Prior to an economic treatment of emissions and their uncertainties under the Kyoto Protocol: Scientific uncertainties that must be kept in mind. In: Lieberman, D., Jonas, M., Nahorsky, Z.T., Nilsson, S. (eds.): Accounting for climate change: Uncertainty in greenhouse gas inventories verification, compliance, and trading. Springer, Germany. Müller, M., Schafflutzel, R., Chervet, A., Sturny, W.G., Zihlmann, U., Weisskopf, P. 2007: Soil organic matter content after eleven years of no-till and plough. AGRARForschung 14 (9): Murray, B.C., Baker, J.S. 2011: An output-based intensity approach for crediting greenhouse gas mitigation in agriculture: explanation and policy implications. Greenhouse Gas Measurement and Management Poeplau, C., Don, A., Vesterdal, L., Leifeld, J., Van Wesemael, B., Schumacher, J., Gensior, A. 2011: Temporal dynamics of soil organic carbon after land-use change in the temperate zone - carbon response functions as a model approach. Global Change Biology 17 (7): UNFCCC 2011: Synthesis and Assessment Report on the Greenhouse Gas Inventories Submitted in FCCC/WEB/SAI/
Six greenhouse gases covered by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its Kyoto Protocol are:
Fact sheet: The need for mitigation United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Along with adaptation, mitigation is one of the two central approaches in the international climate change process.
Comprehensive emissions per capita for industrialised countries
THE AUSTRALIA INSTITUTE Comprehensive emissions per capita for industrialised countries Hal Turton and Clive Hamilton The Australia Institute September 2001 the Parties included in Annex I shall implement
Fact sheet: The Kyoto Protocol
Fact sheet: The Kyoto Protocol The Kyoto Protocol was adopted at the third Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC (COP 3) in Kyoto, Japan, on 11 December 1997. The Protocol shares the objective and institutions
Proposal from the Philippines for amendments to the Kyoto Protocol
UNITED NATIONS Distr. GENERAL FCCC/KP/CMP/2009/5 12 June 2009 Original: ENGLISH CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES SERVING AS THE MEETING OF THE PARTIES TO THE KYOTO PROTOCOL Fifth session Copenhagen, 7 18 December
41 T Korea, Rep. 52.3. 42 T Netherlands 51.4. 43 T Japan 51.1. 44 E Bulgaria 51.1. 45 T Argentina 50.8. 46 T Czech Republic 50.4. 47 T Greece 50.
Overall Results Climate Change Performance Index 2012 Table 1 Rank Country Score** Partial Score Tendency Trend Level Policy 1* Rank Country Score** Partial Score Tendency Trend Level Policy 21 - Egypt***
The ratification of the Kyoto-protocol in Turkey and its implementation into domestic law
The ratification of the Kyoto-protocol in Turkey and its implementation into domestic law Cihan Avcı PhD student at the University of Heidelberg Cihan_avci@hotmail.com Terms United Nations Framework Convention
Annual European Union greenhouse gas inventory 1990 2013 and inventory report 2015
EEA Technical report No 19/2015 Annual European Union greenhouse gas inventory 1990 2013 and inventory report 2015 Submission to the UNFCCC Secretariat ISSN 1725-2237 EEA Technical report No 19/2015 Annual
99/2015-9 June 2015. EU28, euro area and United States GDP growth rates % change over the previous quarter
2005Q1 2005Q2 2005Q3 2005Q4 2006Q1 2006Q2 2006Q3 2006Q4 2007Q1 2007Q2 2007Q3 2007Q4 2008Q1 2008Q2 2008Q3 2008Q4 2009Q1 2009Q2 2009Q3 2009Q4 2010Q1 2010Q2 2010Q3 2010Q4 2011Q1 2011Q2 2011Q3 2011Q4 2012Q1
SUBMISSION BY DENMARK AND THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION ON BEHALF OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND ITS MEMBER STATES
SUBMISSION BY DENMARK AND THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION ON BEHALF OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND ITS MEMBER STATES Copenhagen, 19 April 2012 Subject: Information on the quantified objectives (QELROs) for the second
187/2014-5 December 2014. EU28, euro area and United States GDP growth rates % change over the previous quarter
187/2014-5 December 2014 This News Release has been revised following an error in the data for Gross Fixed Capital Formation. This affects both the growth of GFCF and its contribution to GDP growth. All
Costs of air pollution from European industrial facilities 2008 2012 an updated assessment
Costs of air pollution from European industrial facilities 2008 2012 an updated assessment Summary In 2012, air pollution from European industrial facilities cost at least EUR 59 billion (and up to EUR
- focus on green house gas emission
Life cycle assessment of milk at farm gate - focus on green house gas emission Troels Kristensen Institute of Agroecology Århus University, Denmark EAAP 2011 Stavanger Norway Session 7 Structure of the
Towards climate-smart agriculture
Towards climate-smart agriculture Background notes for the informal meeting of the Ministers of Agriculture Luxembourg, 15 September 2015 Table of contents Agricultural impact on climate change Climate
Need for up-to-date data to support inventory compilers in implementing IPCC methodologies to estimate emissions and removals for AFOLU Sector
Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Need for up-to-date data to support inventory compilers in implementing IPCC methodologies to estimate emissions and removals for AFOLU Sector Joint FAO-IPCC-IFAD
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation on Diversified Farms. Elwin G. Smith and B. Mani Upadhyay
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation on Diversified Farms Elwin G. Smith and B. Mani Upadhyay Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Lethbridge Research Centre, PO Box 3000, Lethbridge, AB, Canada. T1J 4B1. Selected Paper
Improvement of Lithuania s National System for GHG inventory preparation
Improvement of Lithuania s National System for GHG inventory preparation Compliance Committee Enforcement Branch sixteenth meeting 15-17 November 2011 Bonn, Germany Ministry of Environment of the Republic
1. Perception of the Bancruptcy System... 2. 2. Perception of In-court Reorganisation... 4
Bankruptcy Systems and In-court Reorganisation of Firms, 2010 Content: 1. Perception of the Bancruptcy System... 2 2. Perception of In-court Reorganisation... 4 3. Perception of Creditor Committees, Fast
World Consumer Income and Expenditure Patterns
World Consumer Income and Expenditure Patterns 2014 14th edi tion Euromonitor International Ltd. 60-61 Britton Street, EC1M 5UX TableTypeID: 30010; ITtableID: 22914 Income Algeria Income Algeria Income
Updated development of global greenhouse gas emissions 2013
Updated development of global greenhouse gas emissions 2013 Hans-Joachim Ziesing Low Carbon Markets and the Legacy of Nuclear Power 19 th REFORM Group Meeting, Schloss Leopoldskron, Salzburg September
Size and Development of the Shadow Economy of 31 European and 5 other OECD Countries from 2003 to 2015: Different Developments
January 20, 2015 ShadEcEurope31_January2015.doc Size and Development of the Shadow Economy of 31 European and 5 other OECD Countries from 2003 to 2015: Different Developments by Friedrich Schneider *)
ERASMUS+ MASTER LOANS
ERASMUS+ MASTER LOANS Erasmus+ Master Loan: opening up access to more affordable lending for cross-border studies The Erasmus+ programme makes it possible for students who want to take a full Masters level
The Contribution of Global Agriculture to Greenhouse Gas Emissions
The Contribution of Global Agriculture to Greenhouse Gas Emissions Dr. Tommy Boland, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4 tommy.boland@ucd.ie Acknowledge
Contents. November 2010. Author Catherine Bowyer, Senior Policy Analyst, IEEP 12. This report is available to download at
Anticipated Indirect Land Use Change Associated with Expanded Use of Biofuels and Bioliquids in the EU An Analysis of the National Renewable Energy Action Plans November 2010 Author Catherine Bowyer, Senior
European Research Council
ERC Starting Grant Outcome: Indicative statistics Reproduction is authorised provided the source ERC is acknowledged ERCEA/JH. ERC Starting Grant: call Submitted and selected proposals by domain Submitted
FUSIONS Food waste data set for EU-28. New Estimates and Environmental Impact
FUSIONS Food waste data set for EU-28 New Estimates and Environmental Impact 15 October 2015 Food waste is an issue of importance to global food security and good environmental governance, directly linked
Greenhouse gas emission trends and projections in Europe 2012
EEA Report No 6/212 Greenhouse gas emission trends and projections in Europe 212 Tracking progress towards Kyoto and 22 targets ISSN 1725-9177 EEA Report No 6/212 Greenhouse gas emission trends and projections
Energy prices in the EU Household electricity prices in the EU rose by 2.9% in 2014 Gas prices up by 2.0% in the EU
92/2015-27 May 2015 Energy prices in the EU Household electricity prices in the EU rose by 2.9% in 2014 Gas prices up by 2.0% in the EU In the European Union (EU), household electricity prices 1 rose by
Farming at dairy farms (produktion på mælkelandbrug)
Farming at dairy (produktion på mælkelandbrug) Process description The present data refer to production on eight typical Danish Dairy in 2000, which combines dairy and (cash) crop production in a mixed
Funding and network opportunities for cluster internationalization
BSR Innovation Express: Cluster- to- Cluster Conference Funding and network opportunities for cluster internationalization Jens Peter Vittrup Special Adviser Email: jpv@ai.dk Why international R&I cooperation?
ERASMUS+ MASTER LOANS
Ref. Ares(2015)660570-17/02/2015 ERASMUS+ MASTER LOANS Erasmus+ Master Loan: opening up access to more affordable lending for cross-border studies The Erasmus+ programme makes it possible for students
Labour Force Survey 2014 Almost 10 million part-time workers in the EU would have preferred to work more Two-thirds were women
75/2015-27 April 2015 Labour Force Survey 2014 Almost 10 million part-time workers in the EU would have preferred to work more Two-thirds were women Among the 44.1 million persons in the European Union
ENTERING THE EU BORDERS & VISAS THE SCHENGEN AREA OF FREE MOVEMENT. EU Schengen States. Non-Schengen EU States. Non-EU Schengen States.
ENTERING THE EU BORDERS & VISAS THE SCHENGEN AREA OF FREE MOVEMENT An area without internal borders where EU citizens and non-eu nationals may move freely EU Schengen States Non-Schengen EU States IS Azores
Impacts on the EU 2030 climate target of including LULUCF in the climate and energy policy framework
www.oeko.de Impacts on the EU 2030 climate target of including LULUCF in the climate and energy policy framework Berlin, 16.06.2015 Report prepared for Fern and IFOAM Authors Dr. Hannes Böttcher, Jakob
PBL Note. Non-ETS emission targets for 2030
PBL Note Non-ETS emission targets for 2030 Indication of emission targets for the Netherlands and other EU Member States under the European Effort Sharing Decision Martijn Verdonk and Andries Hof martijn.verdonk@pbl.nl
Pan- European region
Call for photographs in support of UNEP s assessment work in the PanEuropean region Background The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is requesting interested persons to participate in this call
JRC SCIENTIFIC AND POLICY REPORTS
JRC SCIENTIFIC AND POLICY REPORTS Global Resources Use and Pollution, Volume 1 / Production, Consumption and Trade (-2008) Authors Iñaki Arto, Aurélien Genty, José Manuel Rueda-Cantuche, Alejandro Villanueva
New Zealand s response to climate change. March 2008 www.nzinstitute.org
New Zealand s response to climate change March 2008 www.nzinstitute.org THE AIM OF THIS PRESENTATION This presentation summarises the research, analysis, and recommendations made in the New Zealand Institute
Agricultural Industry in Schleswig-Holstein Facts and Figures
Ministry of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Areas of the Federal State of Schleswig-Holstein Imprint Published by: Ministry for Agriculture, the Environment and Rural Areas of Land Schleswig-Holstein
Replacement Migration
Population Division Department of Economic and Social Affairs United Nations Secretariat Replacement Migration United Nations ST/ESA/SER.A/206 Population Division Department of Economic and Social Affairs
13 th Economic Trends Survey of the Architects Council of Europe
13 th Economic Trends Survey 13 th Economic Trends Survey of the Architects Council of Europe 13 th Economic Trends Survey Breakdown of responses COUNTRY ANSWERS France 1464 Belgium 399 Spain 365 Italy
Analysis of statistics 2015
Analysis of statistics 215 January 216 ECHR Analysis of Statistics 215 Table of Contents Overview of the Court s statistics in 215... 4 A. Number of new applications... 4 B. Applications disposed of judicially
OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION IN AGRICULTURE
OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION IN AGRICULTURE AND INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THESE OPPORTUNITIES A report to the UNFCCC Secretariat Financial and Technical Support Programme
Delegation in human resource management
From: Government at a Glance 2009 Access the complete publication at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264075061-en Delegation in human resource management Please cite this chapter as: OECD (2009), Delegation
DISCUSSION PAPER. Forest Carbon Sinks. European Union, Japanese, and Canadian Approaches. Masahiro Amano and Roger A. Sedjo. October 2003 RFF DP 03-41
DISCUSSION PAPER October 2003 RFF DP 03-41 Forest Carbon Sinks European Union, Japanese, and Canadian Approaches Masahiro Amano and Roger A. Sedjo 1616 P St. NW Washington, DC 20036 202-328-5000 www.rff.org
Employee eligibility to work in the UK
Employee eligibility to work in the UK This document details legal requirements that apply to ALL new members of staff All employers in the UK are legally bound to comply with the Asylum and Immigration
Reporting practices for domestic and total debt securities
Last updated: 4 September 2015 Reporting practices for domestic and total debt securities While the BIS debt securities statistics are in principle harmonised with the recommendations in the Handbook on
Master's in midwifery: challenging the present, protecting the future? Valerie Fleming R.M., Ph.D.
Master's in midwifery: challenging the present, protecting the future? Valerie Fleming R.M., Ph.D. Master s graduates Demonstrate knowledge and understanding that is founded upon and extends and/or enhances
COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION
EUROPEAN COMMISSION Brussels, 17.9.2014 C(2014) 6767 final COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION Updating of data used to calculate lump sum and penalty payments to be proposed by the Commission to the Court
NEW PASSENGER CAR REGISTRATIONS BY ALTERNATIVE FUEL TYPE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION 1 Quarter 4 2015
NEW PASSENGER CAR REGISTRATIONS BY ALTERNATIVE FUEL TYPE IN THE Quarter 4 2015 Alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) registrations: +20.0% in 2015; +21.1% in Q4 In the fourth quarter of 2015, total alternative
Nitrogen Management Project Protocol (NMPP) Special Topics Webinar & Project Developer Training
Nitrogen Management Project Protocol (NMPP) Special Topics Webinar & Project Developer Training January 17 th 2013 Scott Hernandez Business Development Manager Teresa Lang Policy Manager & NMPP Lead Agenda
How many students study abroad and where do they go?
From: Education at a Glance 2012 Highlights Access the complete publication at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/eag_highlights-2012-en How many students study abroad and where do they go? Please cite this chapter
National Greenhouse Gas Inventory System in Italy. Year 2008
ISPRA Institute for Environmental Protection and Research National Greenhouse Gas Inventory System in Italy. Year 2008 April 2008 ISPRA, ISBN 978-88-448-0368-1 1 Legal Disclaimer The Institute for Environmental
Report of the Conference of the Parties on its nineteenth session, held in Warsaw from 11 to 23 November 2013
United Nations FCCC/CP/2013/10/Add.3 Distr.: General 31 January 2014 Original: English Conference of the Parties Contents Report of the Conference of the Parties on its nineteenth session, held in Warsaw
GfK PURCHASING POWER INTERNATIONAL
GfK PURCHASING POWER INTERNATIONAL 1 Agenda 1. Europe 3 2. Americas 45 3. Asia & Near East 54 4. Afrika 66 5. Australia 68 6. Overview of countries and available levels 70 2 2 EUROPE 4 GfK
SEPA. Changes in the Payment System Implementation of the European SEPA Regulations for Kuna and Euro Payments
SEPA Changes in the Payment System Implementation of the European SEPA Regulations for Kuna and Euro Payments SEPA The Single Euro Payments Area (SEPA) stands for a European Union (EU) payments integration
Climate Finance in Chile
Climate Finance in Chile Carbon Expo 2015 Francisco Pinto Ministry of the Environment of Chile May, 2015 Outline Context GHG mitigation policies and actions Needs and suport received Climate Expenditure
in Scotland for holidaymakers from overseas
in Scotland for holidaymakers from overseas In Scotland, most health care is provided by the National Health Service (NHS). If you are coming to Scotland on holiday or to visit friends or relatives, you
Visa Information 2012
Visa Information This document is intended to provide you with information on obtaining the correct visa to enter Australia to attend the Global Eco Asia-Pacific Tourism Conference however it is a guideline
International Call Services
International Call Services Affordable rates for business calls. Wherever you are in the world. We ve got plenty to say when it comes to staying in touch when you re overseas. We have agreements with 443
About us. As our customer you will be able to take advantage of the following benefits: One Provider. Flexible Billing. Our Portal.
About us At RoamingExpert we specialise in mobile roaming tariffs which are tailored to the specific needs of the yachting industry. Our unique offering generates significant savings when compared to standard
How To Understand The Transparent Directive 2
Transparency Directive 2 Are you ready? Darren Fox 25 June 2015 Introduction Current state of play under TD1 Changes under TD2 Some tricky issues experienced under TD1 (and how TD2 might impact them) 2
TREATY MAKING - EXPRESSION OF CONSENT BY STATES TO BE BOUND BY A TREATY
A 355043 COUNCIL OF EUROPE CONSEIL DE L'EUROPE TREATY MAKING - EXPRESSION OF CONSENT BY STATES TO BE BOUND BY A TREATY CONCLUSION DES TRAITÉS - EXPRESSION PAR LES ÉTATS DU CONSENTEMENT À ÊTRE LIÉS PAR
Frank Mitloehner, PhD Air Quality CE Specialist Animal Science, UC Davis
Mitigation Solutions for Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Animal Waste International Symposium on Near-Term Solutions for Climate Change Mitigation in California March 5-7, 2007 Frank Mitloehner, PhD Air Quality
168/2014-4 November 2014. At risk of poverty or social exclusion 2 rate in the EU28, 2008-2013 (% of total population)
168/2014-4 November 2014 At risk of poverty or social exclusion in the EU28 More than 120 million persons at risk of poverty or social exclusion in 2013 Almost 1 out of every 4 persons in the EU in this
Waiting times and other barriers to health care access
Dr. Frank Niehaus Wissenschaftliches Institut der PKV (Scientific Research Institute of the Association of German Private Health Insurers) Waiting times and other barriers to health care access 31.8 %
Wind Power in Germany in 2014
Renewables International www.renewablesinternational.net Wind Power in Germany in 2014 Bernard CHABOT BCCONSULT, Garbejaire B107, 06560 VALBONNE, France Email: Bernard_Chabot@yahoo.fr Content Scope, main
International Hints and Tips
International Hints and Tips Content Q: What is the cut off time for processing International payments? A: International payments must be submitted and fully approved within the cut off time indicated
Waste. Copenhagen, 3 rd September 2014. Almut Reichel Project Manager Sustainable consumption and production & waste, European Environment Agency
Waste Copenhagen, 3 rd September 2014 Almut Reichel Project Manager Sustainable consumption and production & waste, European Environment Agency Waste and material resources MAWP Strategic Area 1.9 Objective
SunGard Best Practice Guide
SunGard Best Practice Guide What Number Should I Use? www.intercalleurope.com Information Hotline 0871 7000 170 +44 (0)1452 546742 conferencing@intercalleurope.com Reservations 0870 043 4167 +44 (0)1452
The Economics of Climate Change C 175. To Kyoto and Beyond. Spring 09 UC Berkeley Traeger 7 International Cooperation 22
To Kyoto and Beyond 7 International Cooperation 22 International Cooperation on Climate Change 1988 United Nations General Assembly adopted resolution urging the protection of global climate for present
Good practice of dissemination and exploitation results in Latvia
Good practice of dissemination and exploitation results in Latvia Dr.phys. Gunta Šlihta Vice-director, Institute of Physical Energetics Rīga, / 03 / 03 Methods of transfer of project results in the Baltic
Adobe Public Relations (PR) Guidelines
Adobe Public Relations (PR) Guidelines Adobe Partner Connection Reseller Program and Adobe Partner Connection Distributor Program Thank you for participating in the Adobe Partner Connection Reseller or
Harvesting energy with fertilizers
Harvesting energy with fertilizers Sustainable agriculture in Europe 1 Harvesting energy with fertilizers The reason for agriculture s existence is to supply energy to mankind. Agriculture converts solar
Switzerland s Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990 2007
Switzerland s Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990 2007 National Inventory Report 2009 Submission of 15 April 2009 under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and under the Kyoto Protocol
Genuine BMW Accessories. The Ultimate Driving Machine. BMW Trackstar. tracked. recovered. BMW TRACKSTAR.
Genuine BMW Accessories BMW Trackstar The Ultimate Driving Machine stolen. tracked. recovered. BMW TRACKSTAR. stolen vehicle TRACKING SYSTEM. stolen. tracked. recovered. BMW Trackstar Stolen Vehicle Recovery
Green Energy in Europe - Potentials and Prospects
Green Energy in Europe - Potentials and Prospects Gerfried Jungmeier, JOANNEUM RESEARCH, Austria Tel: +43 (0) 316 876 1313 Fax: +43 (0) 316 876 1320 e-mail: gerfried.jungmeier@joanneum.at www.joanneum.at
N 2 O EMISSIONS FROM MANAGED SOILS, AND CO 2 EMISSIONS FROM LIME AND UREA APPLICATION
Chapter 11: N 2 O Emissions from Managed Soils, and CO 2 Emissions from Lime and Urea Application CHAPTER 11 N 2 O EMISSIONS FROM MANAGED SOILS, AND CO 2 EMISSIONS FROM LIME AND UREA APPLICATION 2006 IPCC
FAO Regional Office (REU) - Budapest
Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia (REU) FAO Regional Office (REU) - Budapest Norbert Winkler-Ráthonyi (Forestry Officer) CI - SFM Regional Workshop Zagreb, Croatia, 26-27 March 2013 Regional
Direct Life Insurance Carrier Lines Europe Report
Brochure More information from http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/3106712/ Direct Life Insurance Carrier Lines Europe Report Description: DIRECT LIFE INSURANCE CARRIER LINES EUROPE REPORT The Direct
Analysis of the EU fruit and vegetables sector
26 September 2014 Analysis of the EU fruit and vegetables sector EU and to Russia (2011-2013) Recent market s and measures taken to address market disruptions following the Russian import ban EU and to
Application Form: Receptionist / PA to the Senior Leadership Team
Application Form: Receptionist / PA to the Senior Leadership Team This application form is written in BLACK ink. Please answer the questions in dark blue and return electronically to Lesley Starkes, Finance
UEFA Futsal EURO 2013/14 Preliminary & Main Rounds Draw Procedure
UEFA Futsal EURO 2013/14 Preliminary & Main Rounds Draw Procedure UEFA Futsal EURO 2013/14 Preliminary & Main Round Draw Procedure Date: Tuesday, 4 December 2012 Time: Location: 14.00 hours CET UEFA Headquarters,
National Greenhouse Gas Inventory System in Italy. Year 2010
National Greenhouse Gas Inventory System in Italy. Year 2010 Rapporti 120/2010 Legal Disclaimer The Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, or persons acting on its behalf, are not responsible
Term 1 Assignment AP European History
Term 1 Assignment AP European History To Incoming Sophomores Enrolled in AP European History for the 2015-2016 Year: This course is probably different than any you have completed thus far in your educational
TACKLING 60% OF THE EU S CLIMATE PROBLEM MEMBER STATES PROGRESS IN IMPLEMENTING THE EFFORT SHARING DECISION. Carbon Market Watch Report May 2014
TACKLING 60% OF THE EU S CLIMATE PROBLEM MEMBER STATES PROGRESS IN IMPLEMENTING THE EFFORT SHARING DECISION Carbon Market Watch Report May 2014 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS About this paper 2 Introduction 3 Total
EUROPE 2020 TARGETS: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
EUROPE 2020 TARGETS: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Research, development and innovation are key policy components of the EU strategy for economic growth: Europe 2020. By fostering market take-up of new, innovative
Emerging BioFuel Crops and Technology Kurt Thelen Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan ABSTRACT
Emerging BioFuel Crops and Technology Kurt Thelen Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan ABSTRACT United States energy policy requires 36 billion gallons of ethanol by the year 2022, with 21
With data up to: May 2016. Monthly Electricity Statistics
With data up to: 216 Monthly Electricity Statistics Date of publication: 12 ust 216 Monthly Electricity Statistics TABLE OF CONTENTS Page # HIGHLIGHTS i ORGANISATIONAL AND REGIONAL TABLES OECD Total 1
Central Securities Depository Regulation
Central Securities Depository Regulation Alignment of T+2 Settlement Period Central Securities Depository Regulation Alignment of T+2 Settlement Period The European Commission has proposed new legislation
PERMANENT AND TEMPORARY WORKERS
PERMANENT AND TEMPORARY WORKERS Australia Permanent worker: Permanent workers are employees with paid leave entitlements in jobs or work contracts of unlimited duration, including regular workers whose
Need to send money abroad securely?
International Payments Need to send money abroad securely? Trust us to get it there. Sending money abroad with Lloyds TSB. It s easy and secure. As a Lloyds TSB customer, if you need to send money overseas,
TOYOTA I_SITE More than fleet management
EMPOWERING YOUR BUSINESS TOYOTA I_SITE More than fleet management www.toyota-forklifts.eu TOYOTA I_SITE More than fleet management Toyota I_Site is a unique combination of technology, information, expertise
DCA QUESTIONNAIRE V0.1-1 INTRODUCTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE DATA CENTRE
DCA QUESTIONNAIRE V0.1-1 INTRODUCTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE DATA CENTRE Introduction - The EuroVO-DCA Census questionnaire The Euro-VO Data Centre Alliance (http://www.euro-vo.org/pub/dca/overview.html)
TOWARDS PUBLIC PROCUREMENT KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS. Paulo Magina Public Sector Integrity Division
TOWARDS PUBLIC PROCUREMENT KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS Paulo Magina Public Sector Integrity Division 10 th Public Procurement Knowledge Exchange Platform Istanbul, May 2014 The Organization for Economic
relating to household s disposable income. A Gini Coefficient of zero indicates
Gini Coefficient The Gini Coefficient is a measure of income inequality which is based on data relating to household s disposable income. A Gini Coefficient of zero indicates perfect income equality, whereas
NUCLEAR OPERATOR LIABILITY AMOUNTS & FINANCIAL SECURITY LIMITS
NUCLEAR OPERATOR LIABILITY AMOUNTS & FINANCIAL SECURITY LIMITS AS OF DECEMBER 2009 The OECD Nuclear Energy Agency attempts to maintain the information contained in the attached table in as current a state
Erasmus+ International Cooperation
International Cooperation Work together with European higher education institutions ? The EU's programme to support education, training youth & sport Funding for programmes, projects & scholarships Fosters
(Only available if you have applied for a Decreasing Mortgage Cover Plan or a Level Protection Plan).
Mortgage protection Free cover (Only available if you have applied for a Decreasing Mortgage Cover Plan or a Level Protection Plan). At Zurich, we understand the importance of financial protection when
Where does the wine sector sit in terms of Australian climate policy and the global carbon market
Where does the wine sector sit in terms of Australian climate policy and the global carbon market The Carbon Farming Initiative and Emission Reduction Fund Geoff Cowey viticulture@awri.com.au The_AWRI