ReO Production Simulation and Optimization Software

Transcription

1 ReO Production Simulation and Optimization Software Software products for simulating and optimizing upstream hydrocarbon production systems

2 Improve the way you optimize and evaluate system costs and operations, identify bottlenecks, allocate production and gain better control of operating data. Weatherford s ReO simulation and optimization software is the most complete and robust tool available for petroleum engineering and production optimization. Offered as part of Weatherford s Field Office software suite, ReO software is recognized as one of the preeminent products in the industry. ReO software provides simulation and optimization solutions for surface networks from wellhead to the processing plant. This application simulates all production system behavior and optimizes production using the operator s economic model for a significant boost to production while minimizing costs. Based on state-of-the-art technology in fluid modeling, process simulation, optimization and software design, ReO software provides the most accurate engineering and economic solutions while offering the flexibility engineers need to build complicated network models efficiently. Our unique integrated simulation and optimization approach allows users to handle large and complex networks with ease. ReO software was developed using integrated technology from Weatherford s current and future production optimization software solutions. ReO Forecast software, a powerful companion program, couples ReO data with subsurface modeling applications such as material balance or reservoir simulators to enable the operator to make accurate production predictions over the life of the asset. ReO software provides unprecedented flexibility and powerful tools that analyze and optimize production and perform business planning in the design, operations and forecast phases. Users of Weatherford s Field Office suite receive the benefits of ReO software in addition to seamlessly integrated WellFlo and MatBal applications Weatherford. All rights reserved.

3 ReO Production Simulation and Optimization Software Typical Applications Production facility optimization: Once optimization is complete, field equipment settings are updated for optimal hydrocarbon production. Production gains of up to 5 percent can be achieved through facility optimization without capital expenditure. Production system optimization: Increase hydrocarbon production by rerouting fluids to enhance efficiency of the production system based on the capacity of the flowlines. Asset-based gas-lift optimization: Maximize hydrocarbon production of gas-lift fields, including injection- and production-system pressure constraints, and allocation of lift gas to wells. A gas-lift-optimization algorithm computes injection rates for each well based on the available injection pressure in the network. Production allocation: Translate field-production-rate measurements into individual well and reservoir off-takes essential for asset and reservoir development planning with our sophisticated simulation and reporting functionality. Artificial-lift design: Evaluate artificial-lift, gas-lift or electric-submersible-pump (ESP) methods and their design to determine whether the expected production gains can be achieved particularly after taking into account production and processing system constraints. De-bottlenecking: Provide key information to help identify production system bottlenecks in the most cost-effective way, using state-of-the-art mathematical models coupled with detailed flow and equipment-related results. Contingency planning: Investigate various scenarios where equipment/pipe/well failures occur and look at ways of optimizing production under those circumstances. Process equipment design: Run multiple process-equipment scenarios, using flexible modeling process tools to find the fit-for-purpose configuration that is right for your job. Surface Network Model Weatherford. All rights reserved. 3

4 Why ReO Software? Robust, reliable and versatile Advanced mathematical models, coupled with optimization software, ensure the physics in every component of process equipment are honored during calculations. Software models are built for diverse assets, with varying degrees of complexity and a proven track record for robustness in terms of reliability and solution time in the most complex environments. Stress-tested online system models with the proven capability of running multiple scenarios multiple times daily for more than a year at a minimal failure rate. Efficient, fast and easy to use Novel solver approach applies to a large variety of advanced production and asset-management problems. Highly intuitive drag-and-drop user interface, bulk data entry and edit facilities enable fast and efficient model building. Results plotting and visualization aid in effective outcome interpretation. ReO solver is designed for speed and efficiency an advantage over other software packages with acceptable solution times, even as problem complexity increases. Open interface The well-documented COM interface enables users to integrate ReO software with third-party modeling software, downstream process simulators, or Microsoft Excel software. Gas-lift Network System Microsoft and Excel are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Weatherford. All rights reserved.

5 ReO Production Simulation and Optimization Software Key Features Fluid modeling ReO software integrates seamlessly with Field Office suite s fluid properties modeling application, PVTflex software, and offers black-oil and compositional pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) models for accurate phase-behavior predictions of gas-oil-water systems at a wide range of temperatures and pressures that are commonly encountered in production networks. For black-oil PVT, a range of industry-standard correlations including Standing, Glaso, and Petrosky-Farshad are available. The compositional PVT is based on equation of state (EoS). Six EoS including Peng-Robinson and Soave Redlich Kwong with volume shifts are incorporated in ReO software. The fluiddata library supplied has component properties up to C45, including commonly found inorganic components, which enables users to enter compositional PVT data quickly. Mixing of fluids plays an important role in the surface production network, and ReO software provides efficient mixing of different compositions. For compositional PVT, the application uses the common fluid description approach, which enables accurate mixing of fluids without affecting CPU flash calculation time. The novel black-oil-to-compositional translation algorithm allows users to mix black and compositional PVT data sets and use the EoS calculation engine for optimization. ReO software reports fluid composition at all nodes in the network, which is valuable in tracking the composition of key inorganic components such as CO 2 or H 2 S. This reporting also assists in monitoring the composition of injected gas, especially in water-alternating-gas (WAG) processes. Fluid Component Modeling Example Weatherford. All rights reserved. 5

6 Key Features Process modeling ReO software supports all key equipment used in typical gas and oil production systems namely, chokes, flowlines, risers, downcomers, pipe fittings, manifolds, multiphase separators, heat exchangers, gas compressors, pumps, and gas purifiers for H 2 S and CO 2 removal. For each type of equipment, a range of industry-standard correlations are offered to meet the degree of complexity for the asset. Mathematical models are presented to users in various ways that allow them to focus on the key objectives of their study without investing too much time in areas that have little or no effect on overall optimization calculations. Chokes: Critical and sub-critical correlations (Sachdeva and Gilbert type) are available to accurately model the critical flow rate and pressure drop in a choke. Users may also model the temperature change across the choke using either an isentropic or isenthalpic flush. Compressors: The simple gas-compressor option is ideal for running quick and simple scenarios. The detailed gas-compressor option models the entire compressor station, which consists of a turbine, compressor stages, gearboxes and heat exchangers. Users may enter the manufacturer s data-head coefficient and efficiency curves for compressor stages, power and speed data for turbine. Flowlines, risers and downcomers: ReO software offers a range of industrystandard flow correlations to predict pressure drop to include Beggs and Brill, Dukler- Eaton-Flanigan and more. The coupled fluid-flow and heat-transfer models facilitate accurate modeling of temperature changes while enabling users to specify tuning factors to augment the accuracy of the predictions. Process Modeling Example Weatherford. All rights reserved.

7 ReO Production Simulation and Optimization Software H 2 S and CO 2 removal: The gas-purifier object enables users to simulate the H 2 S and CO 2 processing facility. Users can specify the efficiency and capacity of the processing plant. Heat exchangers: The simple heat-exchanger option in the ReO application allows users to simulate temperature change in the process stream quickly and efficiently. A detailed heat-exchanger model is available, offering many heatexchanger types, including commonly used shell and tube for users interested in modeling the heat-transfer processes in detail. Pipe fittings: Various pipe fittings in the overall pressure drop of the surface network can make a significant contribution. We offer widely used pipe fittings, including, bends, contraction, enlargement and elbows. The industry-standard equivalent-length concept is used to calculate pressure drops. Users can always specify the tuning factors to match the observed pressure drop. Pumps: Centrifugal and reciprocating pump options are supported. Users can enter pump performance data supplied by the manufacturer along with the cost of compression used by the optimizer to find the optimal speed and efficiency. In addition, ReO software supports a basic pump model that provides liquid pump performance with gas-volume effects. This generic model is applicable over a much wider range of fluid-flow situations and requires minimal input. Separators: ReO software is capable of optimizing a multistage separator train on both gas and oil streams. For each separator stage, users can simulate field separations by specifying the entrainment factors for each stream. For large network models, users can modify data for all the equipment quickly through global or sheet-table-view functionality. ReO technology s sub-sheet feature helps users manage large amounts of data while providing better visualization of the network Weatherford. All rights reserved. 7

8 Key Features Well modeling ReO software is seamlessly integrated with Field Office suite s well-modeling application, WellFlo software, to provide detailed well-performance data that are pivotal in optimization calculations. This functionality is available for production and injection wells. In naturally flowing wells, ReO software uses the performance curve at wellhead based on wellhead pressure, temperature, gas, oil and water rates. In gas-lifted wells, a two-dimensional tabulation is generated, using the gas-lift injection rate and tubing-head pressure against wellhead temperature, fluids produced, and casing-head pressure. WellFlo advanced gas-valve modeling functionality computes the correct casing-head pressure for the specified injection rate. Plotting Package In ESP wells, power corresponding to the calculated optimal flow rate is reported. During optimization, ReO software honors the manufacturer s recommended flow rate range for the selected frequency. This application enables users to import well-performance data from Prosper software using its OpenServer feature, or by copying and pasting well performance data generated by any well-modeling program. For gas-lifted wells, the user could use the externally generated PCD file for importing data into the ReO application. Well Modeling Example Flow assurance ReO software s flow assurance module enables users to check for the formation of hydrate, wax and asphaltene in the surface network. The hydrate module computes the hydrate curve for the composition at the specified location. Users can perform efficacy analysis of various commercially available hydrate inhibitors such as methanol, ethanol, mono-ethylene glycol (MEG), di-ethylene glycol (DEG) and tri-ethylene glycol (TEG). The concentration of these inhibitors can be specified either in mole, mass or volume percent. Hydrate Inhibitor Management The wax module enables users to perform wax formation analysis and to create a wax-precipitation curve at a specified temperature for various pressure setpoints. Users have the option to specify total wax content or to compute it using a correlation. The asphaltene module helps users examine the solids precipitations. By implementing this functionality, users can specify the resins and asphaltene content of the oil or calculate these values using built-in correlations. ReO software also displays pressure and temperature profiles of selected equipment in surface technology. Prosper and OpenServer are trademarks of Petroleum Experts Ltd Weatherford. All rights reserved.

9 ReO Production Simulation and Optimization Software Solver technology ReO software optimizer technology is based on sequential linear programming. Unlike many surface production network software products, it simultaneously simulates and optimizes the network. Simulation determines pressures, temperatures and flow rates within the production system while optimization determines the most economic production strategy, subject to engineering and economic constraints. The economic-modeling capability inherent within the program accounts for revenues from hydrocarbon sales in conjunction with production costs to maximize net revenue from the field. ReO software supports a wide variety of objectives maximize, minimize, bounds and target for pressure, flow rate and H 2 S and CO 2 concentrations. Users can set these objectives at most points in the network. Should operational constraints and userdefined targets conflict, the optimized solution will honor the operational constraints as far as physically possible. If required, the optimizer breaks the user-defined objectives and warns the user accordingly; however, the algorithm always honors the physics of the process. Scalability: ReO software optimizes networks of thousands of wells in a quick and efficient manner. Topological complexity: The software can effectively manage any degree of complexity, including loops, branches, distribution and injection networks. Total system modeling: Injection and production networks can be solved and optimized simultaneously. Solver Technology The unique network-trimming functionality helps users focus on the prime element of the network. An intelligent scanning algorithm identifies sections of the network inaccessible because of blocked valves and disables them for optimization calculations. The hot-start feature enables users to start optimization calculations, using the results of the previously optimized solution Weatherford. All rights reserved. 9

10 Key Features Software architecture This program was developed using object-oriented technologies. The integral, object-oriented ObjectStore database stores all production system and network configuration data, along with computed results, to enable different scenarios to be created, evaluated and easily compared. All modeling and analysis are conducted through a GUI with drag-and-drop capability, enabling easy construction of production networks. A nested sub-sheet facility helps engineers drill down to greater levels of detail and avoid excessive on-screen complexity for large production systems. Units can be selected and changed as required. Maps or other diagrams can be imported to allow correct and swift layout of production models. Software architecture does not restrict the complexity of the production system other than for pphysical and logical consistency. A complex network, including loops, branches, crossovers, parallel flowlines and recycle loops, can be modeled without constraints or excessive computational time overheads Weatherford. All rights reserved.

11 ReO Production Simulation and Optimization Software The ReO Forecast module extends ReO software s capabilities to enable users to timestep the production system model for short- or long-term production forecasting. This module enables users to build an integrated subsurface and surface network model for accurate forecasting. It links ReO software with the subsurface model via WellFlo software. The subsurface model can use Weatherford s material balance application, MatBal software, or other commercial reservoir simulators. This tool is ideal for production forecasting, facilities design and sizing, and reservoir-development planning. Static and dynamic links are available for reservoir simulators. For a static link, the forecasting results of the reservoir simulator or material balance application forms an input to the integrated WellFlo / ReO model at the reservoir/well connection level. In dynamic links (available for Eclipse 100 and 300), the reservoir/well/surface network models are run dynamically (in series) with seamless data communication between these applications. An iteration algorithm is incorporated to resolve discrepancies in the predictions between the reservoir simulator and ReO software. Qoil, STB/day ReO Forecast Module THP = 100 psia THP = 200 psia THP = 300 psia Qgi, MMScf/day ReO WellFlo Material Balance (e.g. MatBal ) Reservoir Simulator (e.g. Eclipse ) ReO Forecast Integrated Production Forecasting Module Two main forecasting options are offered in the module: Production profile Gas contract Flexible, event-based scheduling allows users to modify any constraint in the surface network in addition to opening or closing the wells. Built-in production rules ensure that production from every well is optimized in the best possible way for the given asset. Manual and automatic drilling options offer full flexibility to users in managing the forecasting calculations. ReO Forecast Results For gas contract, users can specify daily contract quantity and swing factor to simulate seasonal changes in gas demands. Eclipse is a trademark of Schlumberger Weatherford. All rights reserved. 11

12 ReO Production Simulation and Optimization Software ReO and Reo Forecast software packages provide simulation, optimization and forecasting for surface networks, incorporating every piece of equipment from wellhead to the processing plant. ReO technology is part of Weatherford s Field Office real-time production optimization software suite that includes: Analysis Workbench artificial-lift analysis CygNet EOP enterprise operation platform CygNet Measurement electronic flow measurement and reconciliation CygNet SCADA production midstream and pipeline operations DataMart analytical data DynaLift dynamic gas-lift simulator DTSPlus distributed temperature data acquisition i-do (intelligent daily operations) real-time well and network engineering LinkBox data communicator LOWIS life-of-well information software MatBal reservoir simulation PanMesh downhole well-test simulation PanSystem downhole well-test analysis PetroAtlas petroleum engineering knowledgebase PVTflex fluid property analysis RigPlan asset scheduling RMS reservoir monitoring system Verge field visualization Well Service Manager (WSM) application WellFlo nodal analysis WellScribe wellsite activity capture weatherford.com Weatherford. All rights reserved Weatherford products and services are subject to the Company s standard terms and conditions, available on request or at weatherford.com. For more information contact an authorized Weatherford representative. Unless noted otherwise, trademarks and service marks herein are the property of Weatherford and may be registered in the United States and/or other countries. Weatherford products named herein may be protected by one or more U.S. and/ or foreign patents. Specifications are subject to change without notice. Weatherford sells its products and services in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in the applicable contract between Weatherford and the client.