FINAL REPORT For Japan-Korea Joint Research Project AREA

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1 (Form4-2) FINAL REPORT For Japan-Korea Joint Research Project AREA 1. Mathematics & Physics 2. Chemistry & Material Science 3. Biology 4. Informatics & Mechatronics 5. Geo-Science & Space Science 6. Medical Science 7. Humanities & Social Sciences 1. Research Title: The functional analysis of TLR-regulated bone metabolism 2. Term of Research: From July 1, 2010 To June 30, Total Budget a. Financial Support by JSPS: Total amount: 2,400 thousand yen 1 st Year 900 thousand yen 2 nd Year 900 thousand yen 3 rd Year 600 thousand yen b. Other Financial Support : Total amount: 0 thousand yen 4. Project Organization a. Japanese Principal Researcher Masamichi Takami Name Institution / Department Position / Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry Associate Professor b. Korean Principal Researcher Name Mijung Yim Institution / Department Position Sookmyung Women s University / College of Pharmacy Associate professor 1

Financial Support by JSPS: Total amount: 2,400 thousand yen 1 st Year 900 thousand yen 2 nd Year 900 thousand yen 3 rd Year 600 thousand yen b.

2 c. List of Japanese-side Participants (Except for Principal Researcher) Name Institution/Department Position Ryutaro Kamijo Arei Miyamoto Akifumi Matsumoto Miki Ono Tomohiko Miyauchi Wataru Suzuki Marie Hoshino Eri Morisawa Professor d. List of Korean-side Participants (Except for Principal Researcher) Name Institution/Department Position A Long Sae Mi Noh / College of Pharmacy Ju Hyun Lee / College of Pharmacy 2

3 5. Number of Exchanges during the Final Fiscal Year* a. from Japan to Korea *Japanese fiscal year begins April 1. Name Home Institution Duration Host Institution Masamichi Takami Wataru Suzuki Mmarie Hoshino Eri Morisawa Total: 4 persons Total: 12 man-days Numbers of Exchanges during the Past Fiscal Years FY2010: Total 3 persons FY2011: Total 1 persons b. from Korea to Japan Name Home Institution Duration Host Institution None Total: 0 persons Total: 0 man-days Numbers of Exchanges during the Past Fiscal Years FY2010: Total 0 persons FY2011: Total 2 persons 3

man-days Numbers of Exchanges during the Past Fiscal Years FY2010: Total 3 persons FY2011: Total 1 persons b.

4 6. Objective of Research TLRs are the best characterized "pattern recognition receptors" that recognize conserved microbial molecules and mediate immune and inflammatory cellular responses to infection and microbial products. TLRs are expressed in bone cells, and their activation affects osteoclast differentiation and activity in a complex manner: TLR activation of committed or mature osteoclasts promotes their survival and possibly enhances their function. Consistent with these resorptive functions, TLRs have been implicated in osteolysis associated with acute and chronic exposure to microbial products, such as acute infection, periodontitis, and in models where TLR ligands are injected over bone, such as the calvarial resorption model. On the other hand, it is appreciated that TLRs induce homeostatic mechanisms to limit osteoclastogenesis and thus limit the amount of bone resorption that is associated with infection and inflammation. Indeed, TLR activation in early osteoclast precursors blocks the differentiation of those cells. Since the precise role and underlying mechanisms of TLRs in osteoclast still remains unknown, it limits the development of therapeutic option to protect bone loss by using TLR signaling. Thus we will investigate the functional role of TLRs and the molecular mechanism by which TLRs exerts a homeostatic effect on osteoclast focusing on TLR3/7 by viral infection (Japan team) and TLR4 by bacterial infection (Korea team). 4

TLRs are expressed in bone cells, and their activation affects osteoclast differentiation and activity in a complex manner: TLR activation of committed or mature osteoclasts promotes their survival

5 7. Methodology 1. Analysis of the roles of TLR3/7 in differentiation, fusion, and bone resorption of osteoclasts Japan team: We analyzed the effects of TLR3/7 ligands (Viral RNAs) on osteoclast differentiation derived from Stat1 or IRF-8 knockout mice. We traveled to Korea to exchange samples and discussed the plan. 2. Analysis of the roles of TLR4 in differentiation, fusion, and bone resorption of osteoclasts Korea team: They analyzed the effects of TLR4 on osteoclast differentiation using Stat3- and TLR4 knockout mice. 3. Analysis of activation pattern of Stat1-Stat3 by TLR3/7 using Stat1 knockout mice Japan team: Using Stat1 knockout mice, we analyzed the intracellular function of Stat1 in the differentiation of osteoclasts stimulated with TLR3/7 ligands. 4. Analysis of activation pattern of Stat1-Stat3 by TLR4 using TLR-4, TRAF6, Stat1 knockout mice Korea team: They obtained Stat1 knockout mice from our team and analyze the roles of Stat1 and 3 in osteoclast differentiation. 5. Phenotypic analysis of pathological bone loss in mice Japan team: We injected TLR3/7 ligands into mouse calvaria to observe the effects of TLR3/7 stimulation in bone metabolism. The calvaria were analyzed by micro-computed tomography ( CT) and thin section. 6. Phenotypic analysis of pathological bone loss in TLR-4, TRAF6, Stat1 knockout mice by injection of TLR ligands Korea team: They analyzed the effects of TLR4 stimulation on bone destruction using Stat3 knockout mice. They sent the bone samples to our lab to analyze bone structure by CT. 5

from Stat1 or IRF-8 knockout mice. We traveled to Korea to exchange samples and discussed the plan. 2.

FINAL REPORT For Japan-Korea Joint Research Project AREA

FINAL REPORT For Japan-Korea Joint Research Project AREA 1. Mathematics & Physics 2. Chemistry & Material Science 3. Biology 4. Informatics & Mechatronics 5. Geo-Science & Space Science 6. Medical Science