Bachelor of Science in Physics (Honours) with specialization in Medical Physics

Transcription

1 Proposal for Bachelor of Science in Physics (Honours) with specialization in Medical Physics Prepared for the Postsecondary Education Quality Assessment Board February 2005 Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 1

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page Proposal Cover 1 Table of Contents 2 1 Organization and Program Information 3 2 Executive Summary 4 3 Program Map 8 4 Program Admission Requirements 10 5 Promotion and Graduation Requirements 10 6 Program Comparisons 11 7 Program Level Learning Outcomes 14 8 Course Descriptions 17 9 Academic Course Schedule Mode of Delivery Resource Requirements Credential Recognition Applicant Acknowledgement and Agreement Form 29 Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 2

3 1. Organization and Program Information 1.1 Submission Title Page Full Legal Name of Organization: Operating Name of Organization: Common acronym of Organization: URL for Organization Homepage: University of Ontario Institute of Technology University of Ontario Institute of Technology UOIT Degree Level and Type to be awarded for program or part of program: Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Proposed Degree Titles: Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics - Specialization in Medical Physics Proposed Degree Nomenclature: B.Sc. (Hons.) in Physics - Specialization in Medical Physics Date of Submission: February 7, 2005 Location where program to be delivered: University of Ontario Institute of Technology 2000 Simcoe St. N Oshawa, ON L1H 7K4 Contact Information: Persons responsible for this submission: Dr. William Smith Dean, Faculty of Science University of Ontario Institute of Technology 2000 Simcoe Street North Oshawa, Ontario, L1H 7K4 Tel: ext Fax: william.smith@uoit.ca Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 3

4 2. Executive Summary Proposed Program Title: Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics Proposed Credential Nomenclature: B.Sc. (Honours) in Physics Disciplines/Fields of Study: Medical Physics Is a work experience/work placement term required for degree completion? Work experience is not required for degree completion, but work placements will be facilitated for interested students through the University's Career and Employment Services Office. Anticipated Program Start Date: First-year entry in September Given sufficient demand and background preparation, students may enter the second year of the program in September Description of the Proposed Program and Program Strengths The Faculty of Science proposes the addition of a Medical Physics specialization within the Physics Honours BSc Program. The program map for the proposed specialization is provided in Section 3 of this submission. The program consists of an integrated and focused combination of existing Physics and Radiation Science courses, with the addition of 2 courses in the radiation machines and imaging area (Radioisotopes and Radiation Machines: RADI 4440U and Medical Imaging: PHY 4100U). The proposed specialization in the BSc (Honours) Physics program provides an integrated basic grounding in medical physics, delivering an attractive science-based program for students who wish to proceed to post-degree studies in physics, medical science or medical school. Like all the existing specializations in Science (Biological and Physical), it has a common first-year core of courses in calculus, biology, chemistry, and physics, providing a sound and broad foundation in basic areas of science. The specified second-year courses are the same as the core courses in the existing program in Physics except for an added focus on cell biology (Cell and Molecular Biology: BIOL 2840U). This common core delivers flexibility for students in deciding upon their ultimate specialization. Admission, promotion and graduation requirements are exactly the same as those in place for the BSc (Hons) degree in Physics. Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 4

5 Rationale for Introduction of New Specialization Many universities have programs that specialize in one or more aspects of physics. Few have programs that provide an integrated study of medical physics, particularly at the undergraduate level, as does the proposed UOIT specialization. The program differs fundamentally from the BSc (Honours) in Radiation Science, Health Physics Specialization, already offered at UOIT, in that it is a full-fledged physics degree. In contrast, the health physics specialization only includes two first-year physics courses and has its roots in engineering. Furthermore, this new specialization is a variant of the already existing BSc (Honours) in Physics and graduates would qualify to move on to graduate studies in physics with an appropriate choice of electives. This Medical Physics program differs also from UOIT's Bachelor of Health Science (Honours) in Medical Laboratory Science; the latter program focuses primarily on Biology and clinical practice and has little Physics content. Program Learning Outcomes and Curriculum Design All the attributes of the original physics program are retained, including program learning outcomes, course content and sequencing and the maintenance of appropriate degree level standards. Additional program learning outcomes specific to this stream include: Understanding of radiological science and impact on radiation on the human body; Understanding of health physics through courses and labs; Understanding of medical imaging techniques Only two of the courses in the proposed program are new (Radioisotopes and Radiation Machines: RADI 4440U and Medical Imaging: PHY 4100U); outlines for these new courses are provided in this submission. Capacity to Deliver - Resource Requirements (Human and Physical) Labs can be held in existing Physics and Radiation Science facilities; a modest amount of specialized equipment, samples etc. will be needed for the 2 new courses. Modest library holdings for these 2 courses will be needed as well. In view of its modest resource requirements, the proposed specialization is expected to be a very costeffective addition to the UOIT Physical Science offerings. Faculty will already be in place to deliver the courses that are shared with existing Physics and Radiation Science programs; faculty needs are identified on the following page. Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 5

6 Projected Enrolment and Faculty Growth Projected steady-state enrolment is 25 students per year entering the program. Since there are only 2 new courses required for the program, the faculty resource requirements are minimal. These new courses and the associated laboratory requirements entail the addition of the equivalent of approximately 0.5 faculty, beginning in July, 2009, and likely appointed in conjunction with the School of Energy Systems and Nuclear Science. Employment Opportunities There are many opportunities for graduates holding an undergraduate degree in Medical Physics, whether students want to continue on to higher education, especially medical school, or go directly into the workplace. The manpower needs in this field are expected to grow at an average of approximately 7% per year in the foreseeable future. Some of the options available to UOIT Medical Physics graduates include: - Radiation therapy - Research laboratories - Environmental consultants - Medical equipment manufacturers - Cancer clinics - Medical imaging technologies - Graduate school (Medical Physics, Medical Biophysics or related fields), Medical School, Education, Business, Law Program Support/Recognition from Profession The Faculty of Science intends to form an ongoing Advisory Committee comprised of representatives from the medical profession, faculty members from other Ontario universities associated with medical programs, and from representatives from relevant federal agencies. Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 6

7 Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Note: UOIT received Ministerial Consent to offer this program July 21, Year- Sem. Subject Subject Subject Subject Subject 1-1 Calculus I Chemistry I Physics I Biology I 1-2 Calculus II Chemistry II Physics II Biology II 2-1 Mechanics I 2-2 Mechanics II Statistical Mechanics I Mathematical Physics Electricity & Magnetism I Electricity & Magnetism II Quantum Mechanics I Elective (Linear Algebra is strong recommended) Thermodynamics Statistics and Probability for Physical Science Differential Equations Scientific Computing Tools Elective* (Fundamentals of Programming recommended) Elective Collaborative Leadership Electronics Elective Elective Waves & Optics Fluid Mechanics Elective* 4-1 Statistical Physics II Quantum Physics II Thesis Project Senior Physics Elective Management of the Enterprise Elective 4-2 Atomic & Molecular Physics Biophysics of Excitable Cells Elective Elective* Elective* * Note: Students are required to take 15 credit hours in science electives and 18 credit hours in liberal studies electives. ** Any senior physics course not specified in the program map is acceptable. The shaded courses are common to both the BSc (Hons) in Physics and the BSc (Hons) in Physics - specialization in Medical Physics. Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 7

8 3. Program Map: BSc (Hons) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics There are two new courses in this program. All other courses have been previously approved by PEQAB in conjunction with the Physical Science, Biological Science, Radiation Science or other UOIT programs. See notes below map. Year- Sem. Subject Subject Subject Subject Subject Chemistry I CHEM1010U Chemistry II CHEM1020U Biology I BIOL1010U Biology II BIOL1020U Physics I PHY1010U Physics II PHY1020U Calculus I MATH1010U Calculus II MATH1020U Scientific Computing Tools CSCI1000U Elective* (Fundamentals of Programming CSCI 1020U recommended) Mechanics I PHY 2030U Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer PHY 2050U Electricity and Magnetism I PHY 2010U Electricity and Magnetism II PHY 2020U Nuclear Physics and Relativity PHY 2060U Differential Equations MATH 2060U Cell and Molecular Biology BIOL2840U Collaborative Leadership BUSI2000U Linear Algebra I MATH 2050U Elective* Statistical Mechanics I PHY 3010U Waves and Optics PHY 3050U Quantum Mechanics I PHY 3020U Fluid Mechanics PHY 3060U Electronics PHY 3030U Radiological and Health Physics RADI 2100U Statistics and Probability for Physical Science STAT 2010U Health Physics Laboratory RADI 2110U Elective* Management of the Enterprise BUSI1600U Radiation Biophysics and Dosimetry RADI 3220U Application of Radiation Techniques in Medicine RADI 4320U Radioisotopes and Radiation Machines RADI 4440U Medical Imaging PHY 4100U Thesis Project PHY 4600U Senior Science Elective** Elective* Elective* Elective* Elective* Courses approved as part of the BSc in Physics (received Ministerial Consent July 21/04) Course approved as part of the BSc in Radiation Science - Health Physics Option (received Ministerial Consent April 5/04) New courses for this area of specialization Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 8

9 In the original BSc (Hons) in Physics, students are required to take 6 credit hours (2 halfcourses) in science electives. In this proposed specialization, in place of two elective spaces in year 3, semester 2, students are required to take RADI 2110U Radiological and Health Physics and RADI 2100U Health Physics Laboratory. The program has been designed to ensure that 20% of its courses are in subjects outside or linked to the discipline, as specified in PEQAB guidelines. This is confirmed in Section 9. **Senior Science Elective chosen from the following: PHY 4010U Quantum Mechanics II, PHY 4020U Statistical Mechanics II, PHY 4030U Atomic and Molecular Physics, PHY 4610U Biophysics of Excitable Cells, MATH 4010U Advanced Differential Equations, MATH 4030U Biomathematics, ENGR 2950U Radiation Protection, ENGR 3570U Environmental Effects of Radiation ***Students with interest in medical school: A full year of organic chemistry is highly recommended (CHEM 2020U Introduction to Organic Chemistry, CHEM 2120U Organic Chemistry) Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 9

10 4. Program Admission Requirements The admission, promotion and graduation requirements for the specialization in Medical Physics are identical to those in place for the BSc (Hons) in Physics program. Academic Language Proficiency Test Program Admission Requirements Grade 12U English Grade 12U Advanced Functions and Introductory Calculus 2 Grade 12U credits from: Biology, Chemistry, Physics, or Geometry & Discrete Mathematics 2 additional 12U or 12U/C credits Applicants will be required to have a minimum 70% overall average. A combined minimum average of 70% is also required in the mathematics and science courses. All applicants are required to give evidence of their oral and written proficiency in English. This requirement can be satisfied with one of the following criteria: - Their mother tongue or first language is English. OR - They have studied full time for at least three years (or equivalent in part-time studies) in an educational institution where the language of instruction and examination was English. OR - They have achieved the required proficiency on one of the tests in English language acceptable to UOIT. English Second Language Test Requirements Recommended UOIT Scores TOEFL Paper 560 TOEFL CBT 220 IELTS 7 MELAB Program and Graduation Requirements COURSE TYPE PROMOTION GRADUATION Courses in Disciplines Outside the Main Field(s) of GPA of 2.0 (60-66%) GPA of 2.0 (60-66%) Study Courses in Disciplines Within the Main Field(s) of GPA of 2.0 (60-66%) GPA of 2.0 (60-66%) Study Overall GPA of 2.0 (60-66%) GPA of 2.0 (60-66%) Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 10

11 6. Program Comparisons The applicant has on file and available upon request the research undertaken to complete this section. The applicant found that there are not more than five similar or related existing programs offered at Ontario universities and that there are not three similar or related existing programs offered at universities in other jurisdictions that could have been included in Section 6. Undergraduate Programs Institution: Laurentian University Program Name and Credential: BSc in Applied Physics with Medical Physics component Program Description: This is a four-year specialized program in Physics that includes the usual core physics courses and 4 optional Biophysics courses covering topics such as: Medical Imaging, Radiation Treatment, Use of Lasers in Health Sciences, and The Physics of the Circulatory, Respiratory, Auditory and Visual Systems. Laurentian also offers a Biomedical Physics Option in its General (3 year) BSc degree. This prepares students for entering training leading to professional certification in health related professions. The degree requirements are flexible and students are able to take all (or most) of the specified courses required for entry to most professions (Medicine, Dentistry, Chiropractic, Veterinary Medicine, Physical Therapy, Pharmacy, Optometry, etc.) A 2-year MSc in Applied Physics with specialization in Medical Physics is also offered. Similarities and Differences: UOIT's proposed curriculum is similar to Laurentian's four-year specialized program in that it emphasizes core physics subjects and provides a set of four specialized Biophysics courses. However, the proposed UOIT program would offer a wider and more comprehensive set of courses suited for medical physics studies, especially in radiation science. Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 11

12 Institution: McMaster University Program Name and Credential: BSc (Honours) in Medical and Health Physics Program Description: The program in Medical and Health Physics at McMaster University equips graduates with a strong core skill set in physics and the associated mathematics, both of which are included in a traditional physics degree. To these core strengths are added discipline specific courses in medical physics and radiation physics, and courses in other scientific disciplines including chemistry, biochemistry and biology (Physics in Medicine & Biology; Computational Medical Physics; Radioactivity & Radiation Interactions; Medical Physics Communications; Radiation & Radioisotope Methodology; Clinical Applications of Physics in Medicine; Human Biology for Physical Scientists; Radiation Biology). The focus is on an interdisciplinary background for students and an appreciation of medical physics from a broader perspective than a pure physics program. Similarities and Differences: The proposed UOIT program and the above McMaster program have a similar approach in that they focus on physics and radiation courses within a physics degree; this allows graduates to enter graduate programs in physics. Currently, McMaster is apparently the only full-fledged medical physics undergraduate program in Canada. UOIT places a stronger emphasis on radiation machines, techniques and imaging. Also, it includes a Health Physics lab. In contrast, McMaster University draws more attention to biological physics, the impact and interaction of radiation on biological systems, and computations related to medical physics. Institution: University of Wisconsin - Madison Program Name and Credential: BSc in Physics with Medical Physics emphasis Program Description: In order to prepare for graduate study in medical physics, UW makes it possible for students to take a BS in Physics with a Medical Physics emphasis. The University stresses that this is not the only acceptable curriculum for entry into a graduate program in Medical Physics. It does emphasize the importance of a strong physics and mathematics background as a prerequisite for work in this field and specifies certain key subjects which students should take: calculus, differential equations, linear algebra, chemistry through organic, a year of biology plus an introductory course in physiology. UW also recommends facility in scientific computer programming and electronic instrumentation. The suggested curriculum is primarily that found in an undergraduate Physics degree program, with one specialized course - Introduction to Medical Physics. Similarities and Differences: UOIT's proposed program also provides a strong emphasis on mathematics and physics as well as six specialized courses and a Thesis project. Students take a course in Scientific Computing Tools and are encouraged to take Fundamentals of Programming. UOIT's program includes three biology courses; Organic Chemistry and Introductory Physiology are available but are not explicitly recommended. UOIT's model offers a wider and more comprehensive set of courses suited for medical physics studies, especially in radiation science. Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 12

13 Graduate Programs - Canada There are several Canadian universities which offer graduate level programs in Medical Physics. They are listed in the chart below. University Degrees Offered Department Other McGill University MSc - Medical Radiation Physics - Medical Physics Medical Physics Unit, Faculty of Medicine University of Calgary MSc, The Department of Physics and Astronomy Specializations are offered in 4 areas: astrophysics, medical physics, physics, and space physics. University of Alberta University of Manitoba University of Toronto MSc - Physics - Medical Physics MSc (Comprehensive and Research Based), MSc, Each stream primarily recruits students interested in obtaining a, although the MSc degree is also offered. Department of Physics Department of Physics and Astronomy Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine McMaster University MSc, Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences Unit, Faculty of Science Three scientific streams: Cellular and Molecular Biology, Medical Physics, Molecular and Structural Biology Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 13

14 7. Program Level Learning Outcomes Bold text indicates 2 new UOIT courses associated with the proposed specialization. The remaining courses have all been previously approved by PEQAB as part of the Physical Science, Biological Science, Radiation Science or other UOIT programs. Additional learning outcomes specific to the proposed area of specialization have also been shaded. Program Level Learning Outcomes Apply knowledge and understanding of the concepts, theories, and principles of physics and the related physical and biological sciences to theoretical and practical problems in these areas explore the current state of knowledge in physics and biology and investigate innovative solutions to significant related scientific problems utilize knowledge to analyze, evaluate, and apply the scientific concepts, techniques or processes needed in the study and application of physics, medical imaging and radiation science Program requirement(s), or segments of requirements, that contribute to this outcome Physics I and II, Chemistry I and II, Biology I and II, Calculus I and II, Mechanics I, Electronics, Fluid Mechanics, Differential Equations I Electronics, Cell and Molecular Biology Any course with laboratory exercises and reports meets these requirements, as well as specifically incorporated courses for the medical physics program which differ from the courses of the physics program. communicate effectively in written, spoken and visual format with both technical experts and members of the general public on science issues examine the social, cultural, ethical, environmental, safety and economic consequences of developments in physical science and medical science, in local, national and global contexts Physics I and II, Waves and Optics, Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer, Statistical Mechanics I, Medical Imaging, all Radiation Science courses All courses with lab reports, discussion components, cooperative learning activities, and oral presentations will contribute to this learning outcome. Written analyses, essays, lab reports, and tests will require students to use written communication skills regularly. This is applicable to all required and science electives, as well as nonscience electives. Chemistry I and II with WHIMIS and other general safety procedures, Health Physics Labs, Radiation Biophysics and Dosimetry Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 14

15 Program Level Learning Outcomes understand and utilize contemporary laboratory and measurement techniques, procedures, safety protocols and equipment necessary for conduct of work in physics or medical physics plan and implement experiments and investigations, critically examine the results and draw valid conclusions apply to scientific study, an appreciation for the level of uncertainty in experimental results and theoretical predictions; apply relevant numerical skills including statistical analysis as necessary for physical sciences use current Information Technology to access, store and retrieve information, to acquire and process data, and to analyze and solve problems contribute as effective participant in multidisciplinary and multi-cultural teams, in both membership and leadership roles recognize and value the alternative outlooks that people from various social, ethnic and religious backgrounds may bring to scientific endeavours Program requirement(s), or segments of requirements, that contribute to this outcome Chemistry I and II, Electricity and Magnetism I and II, Waves and Optics, Fluid Mechanics, Health Physics Lab, Radiation Biophysics and Dosimetry, Application of Radiation Techniques in Medicine, Radioisotopes and Radiation Machines, Medical Imaging Waves and Optics, Mechanics I, Health Physics Lab Most laboratory experiments will give students experience with variability in data and present an opportunity to evaluate and explain the variation. Statistics and Probability Statistics and Probability, Statistical Mechanics I All students in UOIT will be supplied with a laptop computer and will access, store and retrieve information on a daily basis in every course. Introduction to Programming The population of the geographic region from which the students of UOIT will come is very culturally diverse. Thus the student population of UOIT will be diverse. Daily experience in labs, tutorials, group work and student life activities will prepare students for participation in varied roles. This is applicable to all required and science electives, as well as nonscience electives. Due to the diverse student population and exposure to representatives from business and industry through field visits and guest presentations, this is also applicable to all required and science electives, as well as nonscience electives. Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 15

16 Program Level Learning Outcomes understand management and/or business practices relevant to employment situations, including the importance of quality management and quality performance. have well developed strategies to update knowledge, maintain and enhance learning Program requirement(s), or segments of requirements, that contribute to this outcome Management of the Enterprise, Collaborative Leadership Learning enhancement with a laptop computer will continually update students relative to a vast array of knowledge. This is also applicable to all courses in which students are required to utilize various resources and conduct research to prepare for discussions, reports, assignments or presentations. understand radiological science and the impact on radiation on the human body understand health physics through courses and labs understand medical imaging techniques All Radiation Science courses, Radioisotopes and Radiation Machines Radiological and Health Physics, Health Physics Laboratory Medical Imaging Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 16

17 8. Course Descriptions Please note that all but two courses have been previously assessed and approved by PEQAB during assessment of the Physical Science and Biological Science Program. Two new courses which have not yet been reviewed or approved are identified by shading. Year and Year 1 1 Year 1 2 Course Title Physics I Calculus I Chemistry I Biology I Scientific Computing Tools Physics II Calculus II Calendar Course Description PHY 1010U Physics I. Introduction to basic mechanics. Newton s laws of motion; kinematics and dynamics in one and two dimensions; work and energy; friction; momentum and collisions; angular momentum, torque and rotation of rigid bodies; planetary motion; simple harmonic motion; static equilibrium; fluid mechanics. Lect: 3hrs, Lab: 3hrs biweekly, Other: 2hrs bi-weekly. Prerequisites: Advanced Functions and Introductory Calculus 4U or OAC Calculus (required); Physics 4U or OAC Physics (recommended). Notes: Students without the Physics prerequisite require the permission of the instructor in charge of the course, and will be responsible for making up background material. MATH 1010U Calculus I. Study of limits and continuity, the derivative, Rolle's theorem, the Mean-Value Theorem for Derivatives, Fermat s Theorem, the differential and antidifferentiation, the definite integral, area, the Mean-Value Theorem for Integrals, the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, and other topics as time permits. Applications to science and engineering will be incorporated. Lect: 3hrs, Other: 2hrs. Prerequisites: OAC Calculus or 12U Advanced Functions and Introductory Calculus. CHEM 1010U Chemistry I. The concepts of chemistry including simple reactions and stoichiometry; atomic and molecular structure and chemical bonding; chemical equilibria involving gases; acids, bases, salts, buffers and ionic equilibria; titration; introduction to organic chemistry and the reactions of organic compounds; polymer chemistry. Lect: 3hrs, Lab: 3hrs Bi-Weekly, Other: 2hrs Bi-Weekly. Prerequisites: OAC or 12U Chemistry (recommended). Note: Students without the Chemistry prerequisite require the permission of the instructor in charge of the course, and will be responsible for making up background material. Credit may be obtained for only one of CHEM 1010U and CHEM 1800U. BIOL 1010U Biology I. This course examines the evolutionary basis of life and the structure and function of living organisms. The major tissues, organs, and organ systems and their development from simple structures to more complicated systems will be examined. Lect: 3hrs, Lab: 3hrs Bi-Weekly, Other: 2hrs Bi-Weekly. Prerequisites: OAC or 12U Biology (recommended). Credit may be obtained for only one of BIOL 1010U and BIOL 1840U. Note: Students without the Biology pre-requisite may be admitted by permission of the course instructor, and will be responsible for making up background material. CSCI 1000U Scientific Computing Tools. A course covering the use of various software tools for use in the UOIT web-centric and laptop environment in Science. Modules will be included on: web tools, spreadsheets, file management, meta-computing tools (Maple, Matlab), basic graphics tools, scientific text processing, presentation tools (Powerpoint, Visio). Lect: 3hrs, Other: 2hrs. PHY 1020U Physics II. Introduction to electromagnetism and optics. Electric charge and Coulomb s law; electric field, electric flux, Gauss' law; electrostatic potential, capacitance; Kirchoff s laws in DC circuits. Magnetic forces and magnetic field; Biot-Savart law; Ampere s law; magnetic flux, Faraday's law, inductance; AC circuits. Electromagnetic waves; wave propagation; waves in matter. Geometrical and wave optics. Lect: 3hrs, Lab: 3hrs bi-weekly, Other: 2hrs bi-weekly. Prerequisites: PHY 1010U. MATH 1020U Calculus II. A continuation of Calculus I that addresses techniques of integration, applications of integration to volumes, arc length and surface area, parametric equations, polar coordinates, functions of two or more variables, partial derivatives, differentials, Taylor and MacLauren series, double and triple integrals, and other topics as time permits. Applications to science and engineering will be incorporated. Lect: 3hrs, Other: 2hrs. Prerequisites: MATH 1010U. Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 17

18 Year and Year 1 2 continued Year 2 1 Course Title Chemistry II Biology II Fundamentals of Programming (recommended for science elective) Linear Algebra I Electricity and Magnetism I Mechanics I Nuclear Physics and Relativity Cell and Molecular Biology Calendar Course Description CHEM 1020U Chemistry II. Introduction to the fundamental principles governing chemical transformations. Thermochemistry and thermodynamics (energy, heat, enthalpy, entropy and free energy); the rates of reaction, the law of radioactive decay and reaction mechanisms; redox reactions and electrochemistry. Lect: 3hrs, Lab: 3hrs Bi-Weekly, Other: 2hrs Bi-Weekly. Prerequisites: CHEM 1010U. Credit may be obtained for only one of CHEM 1020U and CHEM 1800U. BIOL 1020U Biology II. Biology explores some of the basic challenges that organisms face in order to develop, survive and reproduce. The second half of the course will address the fundamental principles of ecology and give a basic understanding of individual populations and communities. Lect: 3hrs, Lab: 3hrs Bi-Weekly, Other: 2hrs Bi-Weekly. Prerequisites: BIOL 1010U. CSCI 1600U. Fundamentals of Programming. Introduction to basic computer programming principles and the use of computer programming tools to solve problems arising in science, engineering, and business. Topics include: basic computer hardware and software concepts, problem analysis, design of algorithms and programs, the principles of object-oriented languages. Lect: 3hrs, Other: 2hrs. Prerequisite: CSCI 1000U. MATH 2050U Linear Algebra I. Develops the fundamental ideas of linear algebra and demonstrates their applications to other areas. Topics include the algebra of matrices; systems of linear equations; determinants and matrix inverses; real and complex vector spaces, linear independence, bases, dimension and coordinates; inner product spaces and the Gram-Schmidt process; least squares and regression; linear maps and matrices, change of basis and similar matrices; eigenvalues, eigenvectors and matrix diagonalization; quadratic forms. Lect: 3hrs, Other: 1hr. Pre-requisite: MATH 1010U. Credit may be obtained for only one of MATH 2050U and MATH 1850U. PHY 2010U Electricity and Magnetism I. Vectors in Cartesian, polar and cylindrical coordinates; scalar and vector fields; electric field, electric potential; Gauss' law; line and surface integrals; gradient and divergence operators; Poisson's and Laplace's equations; dipoles, multipole expansions; capacitance; polarization, electric displacement and boundary conditions; DC circuit analysis; capacitors and RC transients. Lect: 3hrs, Lab: 3hrs bi-weekly, Other: 2hrs bi-weekly. Prerequisites: PHY 1020U, MATH 1020U PHY 2030U Mechanics I. One-dimensional motion; simple harmonic oscillator; two- and three- dimensional motion, including concepts of vector calculus; Newton's law of gravitation applied to celestial mechanics; non-linear dynamics and chaos; comparison of non-linear and linear systems. Computational techniques for solving mechanics problems; error analysis and propagation of errors. Lect: 3hrs, Other: 2hrs. Prerequisites: PHY 1010U, CSCI 1000U, MATH 1020U. PHY 3070U Nuclear Physics and Relativity. This course provides a brief introduction to Einstein s special theory of relativity, and in particular the equivalence of mass and energy; the energy available from nuclear fission and fusion is examined in detail. Topics in relativity include space-time, relativity of time and simultaneity, time dilation and length contraction; dynamics, mass, energy, momentum. Topics in nuclear physics include radioactivity: alpha, beta and gamma decay, binding energy; nuclear fission: chain reactions, neutron density and flux; nuclear fusion: plasma reactors, temperature, density and time duration of plasmas. Different types of currently existing fission reactors, and the current state of research on fusion reactors, will be examined. Lect. 3hrs. Pre-requisite: PHY 1020U BIOL 2840U Cell and Molecular Biology. This course covers basic properties of cells, cell organelles, differentiated cells systems and tissues. Students will be introduced to scientific literature on the subject of cell biology in order to become familiar with the experimental evidence that supports current knowledge of the cell. They will also learn how to critically examine data and interpretations presented by researchers. 3 cr, 3 lec, 2 lab (biweekly), 2 tut (biweekly). Prerequisite: BIOL 1840U. Credit restrictions: BIOL 2020U, BIOL 2030U. Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 18

19 Year and Year 2 2 Year 3 1 Course Title Differential Equations Electricity and Magnetism II Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer Collaborative Leadership Statistical Mechanics I Electronics Quantum Mechanics I Calendar Course Description MATH 2060U Differential Equations. A study of differential and difference equations that arise as models of phenomena in many branches of physical and biological sciences, in engineering, and in social science. Examples include Newtonian mechanics, chemical kinetics, and ecological system models. Students learn the basic properties of differential and difference equations, techniques for solving them, and a range of applications. Lect: 3hrs, Other: 1hr. Prerequisites: MATH 1020U. Credit may be obtained for only one of MATH 2060U and MATH 2860U. PHY 2020U Electricity and Magnetism II. Lorentz force law; divergence and curl of the magnetic field, applications of Ampere's law; the magnetic vector potential; motional electromotive force, electromagnetic induction and Faraday's law; induced electric field; energy in magnetic fields; conservation laws, continuity equation; Maxwell s equations; Poynting's theorem; waves in one dimension, boundary conditions, reflection and transmission, electromagnetic waves in a vacuum. Lect: 3hrs, Lab: 3hrs bi-weekly, Other: 2hrs bi-weekly. Prerequisites: PHY 2010U ENGR 2640U Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer. Nature of thermodynamics; First Law of Thermodynamics; Second Law of Thermodynamics. Control mass and control volume analyses. Properties and behaviour of pure substances. Ideal gases and mixtures; equation of state for a perfect gas. Maxwell s relations. Introduction to conduction, convection and radiation. Solutions to steady-state and transient conduction problems. Solutions to convection problems for laminar and for turbulent flows. Thermal radiation between black bodies. Lect: 3hrs, Lab: 2hrs Bi-Weekly, Other: 1hr. Prerequisites: PHY 1010U, ENGR 2860U, MATH 2820U. BUSI 2000U Collaborative Leadership. This course intends to develop critical employability skills such as teamwork, leadership, project management, communication skills and intercultural understanding, and will focus students learning on topics related to interactions with others in personal, educational and professional contexts. Students will engage in collaborative and dynamic learning activities involving direct and practical application of the content/skills critical to professional success. They will explore the practice and impact of leadership, negotiations and teamwork in organizations and communities. These practices will be examined in a variety of settings as described in both popular and academic writings. Learning activities will be directed toward: developing leadership for exceptional performance, obtaining commitment to goals and standards, negotiating and resolving conflict, inter- cultural communications, ethical practice, and relating with others in team environments. Lect: 3hrs. PHY 3010U Statistical Mechanics I. This course shows how macroscopic thermodynamics can be explained by a statistical treatment of microscopic interactions, both classical and quantum. The course will introduce the dynamical basis of temperature, entropy, chemical potential and other equilibrium thermodynamic quantities. Lect: 3hrs. Prerequisites: PHY 2010U, PHY 2050U. PHY 3030U Electronics. This course provides students with a strong understanding of electronic applications, starting with analysis of DC, AC and transient electric circuits; operational amplifiers, feedback and op-amp circuits; digital electronics, logic circuits, Boolean Algebra, memories and counters. Semiconductor physics will be introduced, with applications to diodes, junction and field effect transistors, and FET and MOSFET amplifiers. Lect: 3hrs, Lab: 3hrs Bi-Weekly. Prerequisites: PHY 2020U. PHY 3020U Quantum Mechanics I. This course explores the development of the quantum theory and contrasts its underlying structure with classical physics. The probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics will be introduced to describe the results of the two-slit experiment, interference, wave-particle duality and the uncertainty principle. Quantum principles will be applied to important standard problems. Lect: 3hrs. Prerequisites: PHY 2020U, MATH 2060U (recommended). Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 19

20 Year and Year 3 1 continued.. Year 3 2 Course Title Statistics and Probability for Physical Science Waves and Optics Fluid Mechanics Radiological and Health Physics Health Physics Laboratory Management of the Enterprise Calendar Course Description STAT 2010U Statistics and Probability for Physical Science. This course introduces the concepts and techniques of statistics and probability to collect, present, analyze and interpret data, and make decisions in the presence of variability. Students study a selection of topics relevant to biological science, selected from: basic concepts of probability theory: events, sample spaces, probability; basic concepts of discrete mathematics: set theory, propositional logic, combinatorics; probability: marginal probability, conditional probability, independence, discrete and continuous random variables; probability distributions: binomial, Poisson, uniform, normal, etc.; mean and variance; the central limit theorem; statistical inference: estimation, significance tests, confidence intervals; introduction to experimental design; applications to quality control. Lect: 3hrs, Other: 1hr. Prerequisites: MATH 1020U. Credit may be obtained for only one of the following: STAT 2010U, STAT 2020U, STAT 2800U, STAT 3800U, BUSI 1450U, JSTS 2810U. PHY 3050U Waves and Optics. Waves topics include: damped and forced oscillations; coupled oscillators and normal modes; travelling and standing waves; boundary conditions and energy transfer; dispersion. Optics topics include: geometrical optics: reflection, refraction and transmission of electromagnetic waves; interference; diffraction; applications of optics including optical imaging and processing, interferometers, lasers, fibre optics, and non-linear optical devices. Lect: 3hrs, Lab: 3hrs Bi-Weekly. Prerequisites: PHY 2030U. PHY 3060U Fluid Mechanics. Static properties of fluids; kinematics of fluids, conservation of mass and the continuity equation; dynamics of fluids, Euler s equation, Bernoulli s equation; the energy equation. Viscous fluids, laminar and turbulent flows, flow in pipes and fittings, the Moody diagram. Flows around immersed bodies; lift and drag. Boundary layers, flow separation, flow measurement techniques. Lect: 3hrs. Prerequisites: PHY 2040U. RADI 2100U Radiological and Health Physics. This course is designed to teach the fundamental principles and numerical calculation aspects of health physics. Topics include atomic and nuclear structure, radioactivity, radiation interaction with materials, radiation dosimetry, biological effects of radiation, internal and external radiation protection, health physics instrumentation, criticality safety, radiation protection guidance criteria and protective measures. In addition, the student will learn the fundamentals of non-ionizing radiation protection (for example, laser safety). By the end of the course the student will understand the differences between the various types of radiation, how to detect the various forms of radiation, their biological interactions and effects, ways to reduce exposure (shielding distance, time), the ALARA principle (and derivatives) and how to perform exposure calculations. 3 cr, 3 lec, 2 oth (biweekly). Prerequisites: ENGR 2500U, PHY1020U. Co-requisite: RADI 2110U. RADI 2110U Health Physics Laboratory. This course is designed to complement the course entitled Radiological and Health Physics. The intent of the course is to teach students how to properly utilize various items of health physics instrumentation. Included in this list are the broad categories of radiation survey equipment, laboratory analysis equipment, radiation dosimetry, air sampling, and personal protective equipment (PPE). In addition, the students will learn how to properly perform and record the QA associated with health physics measurements, with emphasis on medico-legal aspects of their measurements. 3 cr, 1 lec, 3 lab (biweekly), 3 oth (biweekly). Prerequisites: ENGR 2500U, PHY 1020U. Co-requisite: RADI2100U BUSI 1600U Management of the Enterprise. This introductory management course is divided into four parts. Students will be introduced to the core concepts and context of management, enhancing their understanding of how the business environment affects the practice of management. The functions of management will be reviewed, including key topics, issues and problems within the basic management activities of marketing, organizational behaviour/human resources, operations management and information technology, accounting, and finance. The latter components will synthesize the ideas presented in earlier classes by introducing fundamental elements of business strategy, followed by advanced topics in management, including small business, entrepreneurship and E-business. Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 20

21 Year and Year 4 1 Year 4 2 Course Title Radiation Biophysics and Dosimetry Radioisotopes and Radiation Machines Thesis Project Applications of Radiation Techniques in Medicine Medical Imaging Calendar Course Description RADI 3220U Radiation Biophysics and Dosimetry. This course will concentrate on providing a biological basis for radiation interactions and dosimetry. The course will cover the following topics; natural and artificial environmental radiation; units and measurements; biological effects of radiation; maximum permissible radiation levels; exposure, absorbed dose, equivalent dose; radiation quality, build-up; charged particle equilibrium, physiological measurements; impact of various types and doses of radiation at the molecular, cellular, tissue and whole organism level; basic principle of radiation dosimetry for various kinds of radiation, including gamma, neutron and charged particles; low and high level radiation dosimetry; various types of radiation dosimeters; calculation of internal and external body radiation exposures and dosimetry; bioassays; regulatory requirements; safe working in radiation fields. The primary goals are to teach students the fundamental mechanisms of radiation interactions at the DNA levels, and the various end-points that can results. The concept of radiation hormesis will also be covered in this course, with emphasis on the beneficial end-points of radiation interaction. 3 cr, 3 lec, 2 oth (biweekly). Prerequisites: BIOL 2840U, ENGR 2500U, PHY 1020U, RADI 2100U, RADI 2110U. RADI 4440U Radioisotopes and Radiation Machines. This course describes the various methods by which radiation can be produced (isotopic and electronic), and explains the operating principles, design and construction of machines utilizing radiation sources. An introduction to radioisotope production methods is given, along with the fundamentals of enrichment schemes. Machines that produce gamma, neutron, electron-beam, ion-beam, photon, laser and ultra-violet radiation are discussed. Radiation machines discussed in detail include applications in industry (nuclear gauges, electronics testing, crosspolymerization) and health applications including food irradiators, sterilization equipment, X- ray computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), electron beam tomography (EBT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Specific aspects of radiation machines studied include the detection and measurement of high-energy radiation, low and high vacuum technology, high voltage power supplies, electron and ion beam generation, electron lens system, and the mechanisms of particle acceleration. Included in the discussion will be safety aspects regarding these machines. 3 cr, 3 lec, 2 lab (biweekly). Prerequisites: PHY 1020U, CHEM 1020U, PHY 2050U, PHY 3060U, RADI 2100U PHY 4600U Thesis Project. The thesis project provides students with the opportunity to integrate and synthesize knowledge gained throughout their program of study, to satisfy specific objectives and requirements. The project may comprise an individual or group project, or an individual research project. Each student must write an individual thesis independently. Prerequisites: Completion of 3 years of Physics Specialization. Note: Students will carry out independent or group work under the guidance of individual Physics professors. RADI 4320U Applications of Radiation Techniques in Medicine. A study of the characteristics of radionuclides and related instruments used for various medical applications; use of isotopes for radiology, nuclear medicine and radiation therapy; sterilization of medical materials and equipment; special requirements for isotope production, transportation, use and disposal of radioisotopes in a medical environment; practical observations and experiments; medical use of lasers, UV, visible, infrared, radiofrequency and microwaves; dose impacts on patients and workers; dose calculation algorithms and treatment optimization; internal and external radioactive sources; clinical productivity and treatment optimization software. 3 cr, 3 lec, 2 lab. Prerequisites: BIOL 2840U, ENGR 4430U. PHY 4100U Medical Imaging. The physical principles of the three main imaging modalities in current clinical practice, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), X-Ray Computed Tomography (CT), and UltraSound (US) will be introduced from a medical physics perspective. Quantum mechanics and nuclear spin states for imaging will be compared and contrasted with image production via sound waves and X-rays. It will be shown how the different physical phenomena can be manipulated to generate clinically relevant images. The three modules of the course will entail a laboratory component, and extensive use of computer simulation and image analysis will be used. In addition, the current frontiers of medical imaging will be introduced. 3 cr, 3 lec, 2 lab. Prerequisites: CSCI 1000U, PHY 2030U, PHY2010U, PHY 2060U, BIOL 2840U, PHY 3020U, PHY 3030U, STAT 2010U, PHY 3050U, RADI 2100U, RADI 2110U. Recommended: CSCI 1020U. Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 21

22 Year and 9. Academic Course Schedule Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics - Specialization in Medical Physics (Baccalaureate Full-Time Studies) Course Title Total DW Course Hours Total DO Course Hours Total DL Course Hours Course Pre-requisites and Co-requisites Proposed Instructor (or indicate if faculty to be recruited) Highest Qualification earned (or required of faculty to be hired) and, only where applicable, highest qualifications in progress 1,1 Chemistry I 71.5 None Barsby, Naumkin, Paal, Bartholomew 1,1 Biology I 71.5 None Bonetta, Forrester, Holdway, Bardin, Green-Johnson, 1,1 Physics for Biosciences I 71.5 None Berg, Lit, Kapoustine 1,1 Calculus I 65 None Aruliah, Buono, Lewis, Kletskin 1,1 Scientific Computing Tools 65 None Smith. Lewis 1, Chemistry I Barsby, Naumkin, Paal, Chemistry II Bartholomew 1,2 Biology II 71.5 Biology I Bonetta, Forrester, Holdway, Bardin, Green-Johnson 1,2 Physics for Biosciences II 71.5 Physics for Berg, Lit, Biosciences I Kapoustine 1,2 Calculus II 65 Calculus I Aruliah, Buono, Lewis, Kletskin 1.2 Elective 52 As required for selected elective 2,1 Mechanics I 71.5 Physics I, Scientific Berg, Chkrebtii, Ph.D. Computing Tools, Calculus II Kapoustine 2,1 Electricity & Magnetism I 71.5 Physics II, Calculus II Perz, Chkrebtii, Kapoustine 2,1 Relativity and Nuclear Energy 39 Physics II Faculty to be Hired 2,1 Cell and Molecular Biology 65 Biology II Forrester, Green-Johnson, Bardin 2,1 Linear Algebra I 39 Calculus I Aruliah, Lewis Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics Specialization in Medical Physics 22