Supplementary Materials. Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine
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1 Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 201 Supplementary Materials Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine from biological samples based on green deep eutectic solvents and Fe 3 O (Fe) core-shell nanoparticles grafted with pyrocatechol Tahere Khezeli, Ali Daneshfar Tel/fax: daneshfara@yahoo.com; adaneshfar@mail.ilam.ac.ir Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ilam University, Ilam, , Iran Table of contents in Supporting Information: 1. Figure (1S) Pareto chart for the FFD. The vertical line in the chart defines the 9% confidence level. 2. Figure (2S) Pareto chart for the CCD. The vertical line in the chart defines the 9% confidence level. 3. Figure (3S) Normal probability plot of residuals for the enrichment factor of DA, EP and NE. 4. Figure (4S) The reusability of the grafted Fe 3 O (Fe) NPs for the extraction of DA, NE and EP.. Table 1S Actual and coded values of factors used in FFD for extraction of DA, EP and NE. 6. Table 2S Factors, actual and coded levels used in CCD for extraction of DA, EP and NE. 7. Table 3S ANOVA results obtained by CCD. 1
2 Figure (1S) As it can be seen, adsorption time, ph of sample solution and ionic strength are not significant factors. Each factor has a negative or positive effect on the extraction recovery. A positive value for the estimated effect indicates that with the increase in the variable, the response increases. A negative value indicates that a better response is obtained at the lower levels of the variable. ph of sample solution shows a very low positive influence on the analytical response, thus this factor fixed at medium level for further experiment (ph=7). Due to the negative effect of ionic strength and adsorption time on the analytical response, these factors were fixed at a low level. The negative effect with increase in the adsorption time may be explained by occurring new equilibrium occurred between adsorbed analytes and aqueous solution. 2
3 Figure (2S) 3
4 Figure (3S) 4
5 Figure (S4)
6 Table 1S Actual and coded values of factors used in FFD for the extraction of DA, E and NE. Levels Factors Low (-1) Central (0) High (+1) (X 1 ) amount of sorbent (mg) (X 2 ) ph (X 3 ) adsorption time (min) (X 4 ) desorption time (min) (X ) NaCl (% w/v) (X 6 ) volume of eluent (μl) Run X 1 X 2 X 3 X 4 X X 6 EF a CP CP a Enrichment factor
7 Table 2S Actual and coded values of factors used in CCD for the extraction of DA, EP and NE. Factors (X 1 ) amount of sorbent (mg) (X 2 ) volume of eluent (μl) (X 3 ) desorption time (min) Levels Star point α=1.3 Low (-1) Central (0) High (+1) -α +α Run X 1 X 2 X 3 EF a CP CP CP a Enrichment factor 7
8 Table 3S ANOVA results obtained by CCD. Factors Sum of Square (SS) Degree of Freedom (DF) Mean Square (MS) F-value p-value X1 (L a ) X1 (Q b ) X2 (L) X2 (Q) X3 (L) X3 (Q) X1L by X2L X1L by X3L X2L by X3L Lack of Fit Pure Error Total SS R-squared 99.2 R-adjusted 98.3 a Linear, b Quadratic Table 3S shows the results of the ANOVA for quadratic model. p-value used to investigate the significance of terms. The model equation and related terms were considered to be significant if p-values were less than 0.0 (p-value at 9% confidence level). The lack of fit (LOF) is the variation of data around the fitted model and a special investigative test for the adequacy of a model fit. As shown in Table 3S, the p-value of LOF is The insignificant lack of fit relative to the pure error for all investigated variables shows that quadratic polynomial model was satisfactory for accurate prediction of the valid response. Also, the quality of the fit of the polynomial model equation was explained by the coefficient of determination (R-squared=0.992 and R-adjusted=0.983). R-squared is a measure of the amount of deviation around the mean 8
9 explained by the model. In other words, the model could describe 99.2% of the variability in the response. The predicted R-squared is in reasonable agreement with the adjusted R-squared. 9
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