Grenada Drug Epidemiology Network (GRENDEN) Annual Report, 2012

Transcription

1 Grenada Drug Epidemiology Network (GRENDEN) Annual Report, 2012 Drug Control Secretariat 16 May 2013

2 Table of Contents Topics Page Acknowledgements 5 Executive Summary 6 Introduction 7 Overview Of Drug Situation And Trends 10 Qualitative Data 25 Achievements And Priority Areas For Future Development 29 Conclusion and Recommendations 30 References 31 Appendices 32 2

3 List of Tables Table 1: Number Of Patients Admitted To Rathdune Psychiatric Unit For Problems Derived From The Consumption Of Drugs Table 2: Number Of Patients Admitted To Rathdune Psychiatric Unit For Problems Derived From The Consumption Of Drugs, By Types Of Drugs, Age Range And Gender Table 3: Number Of Patients Admitted To Carlton House For Problems Derived From The Consumption Of Drugs Table 4: Number Of Patients Admitted To Carlton House For Problems Derived From The Consumption Of Drugs, By Types Of Drugs, Age Range And Gender Table 5: Number Of Patients Admitted To The General Hospital For Problems Derived Form The Consumption Of Drugs By Age Group And Gender Table 6: Number Of Patients Admitted To The General Hospital For Problems Derived From The Consumption Of Drugs, By Types Of Drugs, Age Range And Gender Table 7: Number Of Administrative And Regulatory Activities Imposed In Connection With Control Of Pharmaceutical Products Table 8: Number Of Sanctions Applied By Type For Pharmaceutical Products Table 9: Number Of Number Of Persons Arrested And Charged For All Drug-Related Offences By Age Group And Gender Table 9: Nationality Of All Persons Arrested And Charged For All Drug-Related Offences By Gender Table 10: Drug-Related Offences Committed By All Persons Arrested And Charged For Drug- Related Offences By Gender Table 11: Number Of Persons Convicted For Drug-Related Offences Table 12: Drug Seizures By Type And Quantities Table 13: Number Of Criminal Deportees By Age And Sex Table 14: Countries From Which Criminals Were Deported Table 15: Scope Of Regulations On Number Of Reports Of Suspicious Transactions Table 16: Number Of Inmates Imprisoned For Drug Related Offenses By Age Group And Gender Table 17: Nationality Of Inmates Convicted To Prisons By Gender And Nationality Table 18: Types Of Drug-Related Convictions Of Inmates By Gender Table 19: Tests Conducted For Presence Of Controlled Drugs Table 20: Mortality: Alcohol Cirrhosis Of The Liver, 2005 To 2011 Table 21: Mortality: Alcohol Liver Disease, 2005 To

4 List of Figures Figure 1: Map Of Grenada Figure 2: Preliminary Population By Parish And Sex Figure 3: Number Of Persons Admitted For Drug-Related Treatment, 2012 Figure 4: Age Range Of Persons Admitted For Drug-Related Treatment, 2012 Figure 5: Number Of Males Admitted For Drug-Related Treatment By Type Of Drug, 2012 Figure 6: Number Of Females Admitted For Drug-Related Treatment By Type Of Drug, 2012 Figure 7: Number Of Persons Arrested For Drug-Related Offenses, 2012 Figure 8: Age Range Of Persons Arrested For Drug-Related Offenses, 2012 Figure 9: Age Range Of Persons Deported To Grenada For Criminal Offenses, 2012 Figure 10: Number Of Persons Sentenced To Prisons For Drug-Related Offenses, 2012 Figure 11: Age Range Of Persons Sentenced To Prisons For Drug-Related Offenses,

5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Drug Control Secretariat wishes to thank all Officers, Ministries and Departments, who provided statistical data, conducted research on drug use, and contributed to the production of the, Grenada Drug Epidemiology Network (GRENDEN) Annual Report, Special thanks to the following Officials who worked assiduously in the preparation of the said report: Ms. Verlina Straker, Medical Records Clerk, Medical Records Department, General Hospital Mr. Eric Mitchell, Principal Officer (Reception), Her Majesty s Prisons Mr. Kester Sylvester, Prison Officer, Her Majesty s Prisons Ms. Portia Fraser, Customs Officer, Customs and Excise Department Mr. Urban Norcisse, Corporal, Financial Intelligence Unit, Royal Grenada Police Force Mr. Sharm Roberts, Corporal, Criminal Investigation Department, Royal Grenada Police Force Mr. Toppin Pierre, Sergeant, Criminal Records Office, Royal Grenada Police Force Mr. Gary Cox, Nurse, Carlton House Ms. Marcelle Belmar, Pharmacy Inspector, Ministry of Health Mr. Sean Henry, Chief Analytical Chemist, Produce Chemist Laboratory 5

6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The 2012 GRENDEN report provides an overview of statistical data collected regarding illicitdrug consumption and related activity in Grenada. Data was reported for the following: treatment, admissions, arrests,, number of criminal deportees, firearms forfeited in drug trafficking arrests, number of persons sentenced to prison for drug related offenses, number of tests administered for the presence of drugs, drug seizures, administrative controls of diversion of pharmaceutical products and controlled chemical substances, illicit laboratories, financial crimes and school or other surveys. The report also highlights an overview of GRENDEN s accomplishments for the year Specific Trends By Drug Category/Drug-Related Issues i. The drug of primary concern in Grenada is marijuana, which correlates with the majority of arrests and convictions (for possession). ii. The majority of arrests for drug trafficking in Grenada are for cocaine. Summary Of Recommendations/Follow-Up Actions For GRENDEN i. Methodology for reporting drug-related data needs to be optimized. ii. iii. iv. Establish mechanisms which would enable the collection of data on drug-related mortality and vehicular accidents relating to drug use. The factors influencing student drug use and or experimentation should be examined and addressed. At-risk students should be evaluated to determine the extent to which drug use impacts academic performance. 6

7 INTRODUCTION Grenadian Demographics Grenada is the most southerly of the Windward Islands. The state consists of three islands forming an archipelago Grenada, Carriacou and Petite Martinique. The largest island, Grenada, is the seat of Government and has the largest population base. Together, the islands have a landmass of more than 340 square kilometers. The island of Grenada is mountainous and, situated in the path of the North East Trade Winds, sustains relatively high annual rainfall, which supports a substantial rainforest, known as Grand Etang. Overall, the country is divided into seven parishes, with Carriacou and Petit Martinique counted as one parish. Figure 1: Map Of Grenada Grenada is governed as a parliamentary democracy, after having gained independence for the United Kingdom in The legislative branch of Grenadian government is made up of a bicameral legislature composed of a 15-member elected House of Representatives and a 13- member appointed Senate. Executive powers are vested in the Prime Minister, as head of 7

8 government, and in the Cabinet. The chief of state is the Governor General, who represents the British Crown. The country has several active political parties, and general elections are held every five years (UNDP 2005). In 2011, the population of Grenada was 103,328, comprising of 52,651 males and 50,677 females. Figure 2: Preliminary Population By Parish And Sex 2011 PARISH TOTAL MALE FEMALE St. George's (TOWN) 2,982 1,478 1,504 St. George (REST) 33,841 17,167 16,674 St. John 7,802 4,037 3,765 St. Mark 4,086 2,131 1,955 St. Patrick 10,980 5,644 5,336 St. Andrew 25,722 13,121 12,601 St. David 12,561 6,367 6,194 Carriacou 5,354 2,706 2,648 TOTAL 103,328 52,651 50,677 Source: Visitation Records, Population and Housing Census 2011 Background to Network On 11 December 2002, the workshop, Network To Improve Recording, Exchange And Compatibility Of Data Between Agencies, convened, resulting in the establishment of the Grenada Drug Information Network (GRENDIN), a resource to facilitate the collection and dissemination of data. The Grenada Drug Information Network (GRENDIN) aims to provide a forum for the promotion and use of international standard indicators for drug abuse, as represented in regional and international reporting requirements. Grenada Drug Information Network (GRENDIN) The Grenada Drug Information Network (GRENDIN) is the mechanism through which Grenada collects, analyzes, and disseminates information on illicit drugs and related infractions, for the purpose of monitoring trends, developing policy, and implementing appropriate programmes and responses. GRENDIN is comprised of, but not limited to, institutions that monitor and administer drug control. The objectives of GRENDIN are: i. To provide accurate, relevant and timely statistical data on the nature and extent of the drug situation in Grenada; ii. iii. To increase coordination, dialogue, and cooperation among institutions responsible for drug control through the exchange of pertinent statistical information, and To inform policy makers and the general public on drug trends and related matters. 8

9 Grenada Drug Epidemiology Network (GRENDEN) In October 2012, Cabinet approved a recommendation by the Drug Control Secretariat that the name, 'Grenada Drug Information Network (GRENDIN)' be amended to, Grenada Drug Epidemiology Network (GRENDEN)'. The term, drug information', which forms part of the name of the Grenada Drug Information Network, was deemed to be limited in scope. It conveyed the idea of drug prevention information, rather than the collection, analysis and dissemination of drug-related statistics data, trends, and other relevant data, which are outlined in GRENDIN's mandate. It was therefore proposed that the term, 'information', be replaced with, 'Epidemiology'. Epidemiology refers to the study of the distribution and patterns of health-events, health-characteristics and their causes or influences, in well-defined populations. It is the cornerstone method of public health research and practice, and helps inform policy decisions and evidence-based medicine by identifying risk factors for disease and targets for preventive medicine and public policies. GRENDEN s Leadership and Progress GRENDEN has significantly improved Grenada s ability to participate in local, regional and international drug control projects and programmes, and moreover, has played a major role in the implementation of Grenada s national drug control programme. To date, GRENDEN has conducted nine (9) annual meetings and five (5) annual review meetings. The Drug Control Secretariat functions as the National Observatory on Drugs in Grenada, and administers the operations of GRENDEN. GRENDEN Statistical Report of Indicators GRENDEN Statistical Reports of Indicators and other related documents about GRENDEN and can found on the webpage: 9

10 OVERVIEW OF DRUG SITUATION AND TRENDS For the period of 1 January to 31 December 2012, the following statistical data was collected with respect to drug consumption in Grenada. Twelve (12) Indicators, which comprise the GRENDEN Questionnaire of Indicators, were used to collect and disseminate drug-related statistical data. No. GRENDEN Indicators Ministries /Departments Responsible For Completion Of Indicators 1 A 1 B 1 C Admissions, Rathdune Psychiatric Unit Admissions, Carlton House Admissions, General Hospital Rathdune Psychiatric Unit Carlton House Medical Records Office, General Hospital 2 Scope of the Mechanisms for the Control of the Diversion of Pharmaceutical Products and Controlled Chemicals Pharmacy Unit, Ministry of Health 3 Drug-Related Mortality Epidemiology Unit, Ministry of Health 4 Seizures (Customs) Customs and Excise Department 5 Seizures, Arrests, Court Cases, Criminal Records Office Criminal Records Office, Royal Grenada Police Force 6 Criminal Deportees Criminal Investigation Department, Royal Grenada Police Force 7 Financial Crimes Financial Intelligence Unit 8 Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives, Other Related Materials Office of Commissioner of Police, Royal Grenada Police Force 9 Incarceration Her Majesty s Prisons 10 Tests For Presence of Controlled Drugs Produce Chemist Laboratory 11 Extent, Patterns And Trends In Drugs Drug Control Secretariat 12 Magnitude Of Drug Consumption Drug Control Secretariat 10

11 A. General Population Surveys: No general population survey on drug use was conducted in B. School or Youth Surveys: No school or youth surveys were conducted in C. Existing Data Sources: Summary of GRENDEN Statistical Report of Indicators, 1 January to 31 December i. Admissions 558 persons were admitted to treatment facilities for problems derived from the consumption of drugs; 506 (91%) were males and 52 (9%) females. a. Rathdune Psychiatric Unit 363 persons i. Males: 337 (93. %) ii. Females: 26 (7. %) b. Carlton House Treatment Centre 27 persons i. Males: 23 (85%) ii. Females: 4 (15%) c. General Hospital 168 persons i. Males: 146 (88%) ii. Females: 22 (12%) Figure 3: Number Of Persons Admitted For Drug-Related Treatment, 2012 Number of Persons Admitted For Drug-Related Treatment, % % Males Females 11

12 No. Of Persons GRENDEN ANNUAL REPORT 2012 Figure 4: Age Range Of Persons Admitted For Drug-Related Treatment, 2012 Age Range Of Persons Admitted For Drug-Related Treatment, < and above Age Range (Years) TOTAL Table 1: Number Of Patients Admitted To Rathdune Psychiatric Unit For Problems Derived From The Consumption Of Drugs Age Range Males Females Total < and above TOTAL Table 2: Number Of Patients Admitted To Rathdune Psychiatric Unit For Problems Derived From The Consumption Of Drugs, By Types Of Drugs, Age Range And Gender Drug Males Age Range 1 Females Age Range Total Alcohol Tobacco Marijuana Cocaine Crack Poly Drugs (with Cocaine/Crack) Poly Drugs (without Cocaine/Crack) Other Drugs TOTAL Age range refers to the age of the youngest and oldest patient admitted for the problems derived from the consumption of the particular drug. 12

13 Table 3: Number Of Patients Admitted To Carlton House For Problems Derived From The Consumption Of Drugs Age Range Males Females Total < and above TOTAL Table 4: Number Of Patients Admitted To Carlton House For Problems Derived From The Consumption Of Drugs, By Types Of Drugs, Age Range And Gender Drug Males Age Range Females Age Range Total Alcohol Tobacco Marijuana Cocaine Crack Poly Drugs (with Cocaine/Crack) Poly Drugs (without Cocaine/Crack) Other Drugs TOTAL Table 5: Number Of Patients Admitted To The General Hospital For Problems Derived Form The Consumption Of Drugs By Age Group And Gender Age Range Males Females Total < and above TOTAL Table 6: Number Of Patients Admitted To The General Hospital For Problems Derived From The Consumption Of Drugs, By Types of Drugs, Age Range and Gender Drug Males Age Range Females Age Range Total Alcohol Tobacco Marijuana Cocaine Crack TOTAL

14 FIGURE 5: NUMBER OF MALES ADMITTED FOR DRUG-RELATED TREATMENT BY TYPE OF DRUG, 2012 Number Of Males Admitted For Treatment, By Type Of Drug, % % Alcohol Tobacco 1 0% 46 9% 1 0% 90 18% 0 0% Marijuana Cocaine FIGURE 6: NUMBER OF FEMALES ADMITTED FOR DRUG-RELATED TREATMENT BY TYPE OF DRUG, 2012 Number Of Females Admitted For Treatment, By Type Of Drug, 2012 Alcohol 12 23% Tobacco 6% 8% 2% 0% 2% 31 59% Marijuana Cocaine Crack Poly Drugs (with Cocaine/Crack) 14

15 ii. Scope of the Mechanisms for the Control of Diversion of Pharmaceutical Products and Controlled Chemical Substances a. Number of sanctions applied for pharmaceutical products: 4 b. Number of seizures of pharmaceutical products containing controlled substances: 0 c. Number of disposal of pharmaceutical products containing controlled substances: 0 d. Number of sanctions applied for chemical precursors: 0 e. Number of disposal of chemical precursors: 0 f. Number of Pre-Export Notifications for controlled chemical substances received: 0 Table 7: Number Of Administrative And Regulatory Activities Imposed In Connection With Control Of Pharmaceutical Products Licenses Issued Number of licenses issued 1. Importers Exporters 0 3. Manufacturers 0 4. Distributors Other 2 Number of permits issued for: 1. Importation Exportation 0 3. Other 0 NUMBER OF INSPECTIONS CONDUCTED 1. Pharmacies Importers 2 3. Exporters 0 4. Manufacturers 0 5. Distributors 5 6. Others (specify) 0 Table 8: Number Of Sanctions Applied By Type For Pharmaceutical Products Types Of Sanctions Number Of Sanctions Penal 0 Civil 0 Administrative 4 15

16 iii. Arrests, Convictions, Seizures Arrests: Arrest data all persons: 819 persons were arrested and charged for drug related offences. i. Males: 769 (94%) ii. Females: 50 (6%) Arrest data for adolescents: 92 persons between the ages of 15 and 19 years were arrested and charged for drug-related offences. i. Males: 85 (92%) ii. Females: 7 (8 %) Arrest data for possession of drugs within 100 yards of schools: 5 persons. Table 9: Number of Number Of Persons Arrested And Charged For All Drug-Related Offences By Age Group and Gender Age Range Males Females Total (Years) < and above Age not stated TOTAL

17 No. Of Persons GRENDEN ANNUAL REPORT 2012 FIGURE 7: NUMBER OF PERSONS ARRESTED FOR DRUG-RELATED OFFENSES, % Number of Persons Arrested For Drug-Related Offenses, 2012 Males % Females FIGURE 8: AGE RANGE OF PERSONS ARRESTED FOR DRUG-RELATED OFFENSES, 2012 Age Range Of Persons Arested For Drug-Related Offenses, MALE FEMALE Age Range (Years) Table 9: Nationality Of All Persons Arrested And Charged For All Drug-Related Offences By Gender Age Range Males Females Total < and above Age not stated TOTAL

18 Table 10: Drug-Related Offences Committed By All Persons Arrested and Charged For Drug Drug-Related Offences By Gender Drug-Related Offences Committed By Males Females Total All Persons Arrested And Charged Possession of marijuana Cultivation of marijuana Possession of cocaine Trafficking Possession with intent to supply Possession of apparatus Possession within 100 yards of school Handling a controlled drug Doing an act preparatory to drug trafficking Misuse of a controlled drug Conspiracy to traffic a controlled drug Convictions: 136 persons were convicted for drug-related offences. i. Possession of drugs: 132 (97%) ii. Drug trafficking: 4 (3%) Table 11: Number Of Persons Convicted For Drug-Related Offences Conviction Males Females Total Possession of drugs Trafficking of drugs TOTAL Seizures: Drugs seized by law enforcement Officers in 2012 were: cannabis, cocaine and its derivative crack. Table 12: Drug Seizures By Type and Quantities Drug Unit Of Quantity Seized Measurement Cocaine hydrochloride kg Crack g 597 Cannabis plants un 11,875 Cannabis leaf kg Cannabis cigarettes un 2,958 Cannabis seeds g

19 iii. Illicit Drug Laboratories No illicit drug laboratories for drugs of natural or synthetic origin were detected and dismantled. iv. Deportees Number of criminal deportees: criminal offences. 16 persons (all males) were deported to Grenada for Table 13: Number Of Criminal Deportees By Age And Sex Age Range Male Female Total < and above TOTAL Table 14: Number Of Criminal Deportees Arrested And Charged By Age And Sex, Subsequent To Deportation Age Group Male Female Total < and above TOTAL

20 No. Of Persons GRENDEN ANNUAL REPORT 2012 FIGURE 9: AGE RANGE OF PERSONS DEPORTED TO GRENADA FOR CRIMINAL OFFENSES, Age Range of Persons Deported To Genada For Criminal Offenses, < and above Age Range (Years) Male Female v. Financial Crimes. i. One (1) person was arrested for laundering of money derived from illegal drugs. ii. One-hundred and fifty-six (156) suspicious transactions were reported by financial institutions to the Financial Intelligence Unit. Table 15: Scope Of Regulations On Number Of Reports Of Suspicious Transactions Type Of Entity Or Profession Number Of Reports Of Suspicious Transactions (R.S.T.) To Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) Number Of Reports Of Suspicious Transactions (R.S.T.) To The FIU Regarding Drugs Banks 36 0 Money-transfer firms Others 2 0 TOTAL vi. Firearms No firearms, ammunition, explosives or other related materials were forfeited in relation to drug trafficking. 20

21 vii. Incarcerations Number of persons sentenced to prison for drug related offences: were sentenced to prison for drug-related offences. Fifty-two (52) persons i. Male: 51 (98%) ii. Female: 1 (2 %) Table 16: Number Of Inmates Imprisoned For Drug Related Offenses By Age Group And Gender Age Range Males Females Total < and above TOTAL FIGURE 10: NUMBER OF PERSONS SENTENCED TO PRISONS FOR DRUG-RELATED OFFENSES, 2012 Number Of Persons Sentenced To Prisons For Drug-Related Offenses, % 51 98% Males Females 21

22 No. Of Persons GRENDEN ANNUAL REPORT 2012 FIGURE 11: AGE RANGE OF PERSONS SENTENCED TO PRISONS FOR DRUG-RELATED OFFENSES, 2012 Age Range Of Persons Sentenced To Prisons For Drug-Related offenses, < and above Age Range (Years) Male Female Table 17: Nationality Of Inmates Convicted To Prisons By Gender And Nationality Nationality Male Female Total Grenadian British Vincentian TOTAL Table 18: Types of Drug-Related Convictions Of Inmates By Gender Convictions Male Female Total Possession of a controlled drug Cultivation of a controlled drug Possession of apparatus Trafficking a controlled drug TOTAL viii. Tests for the Presence of Drugs 329 tests were conducted by the Produce Chemistry Laboratory, for the presence of cannabis and cocaine in substances. 22

23 Type Of Drug Table 19: Tests Conducted For Presence Of Controlled Drugs Number of Samples Submitted Number of Samples Tested Cannabis (Dried Plant Material) Cannabis Plants Cocaine Hydrochloride TOTAL ix. Drug-Related Mortality Data on drug-related mortality related to the consumption of drugs such as marijuana or cocaine are not available due to various technical reasons. However, some data are available for alcohol-related mortality, for the period 2005 to Data is not yet available for Table 20: Mortality: Alcohol Cirrhosis Of The Liver, 2005 To 2011 YEAR Males Age Range Females Age Range TOTAL years years years 1 62 years & 63 years 1 53 years TOTAL 5 34 to 82 years 2 53 to 62 years 7 23

24 TABLE 21: MORTALITY: ALCOHOL LIVER DISEASE, 2005 To 2011 Year Males Age Range Females Age Range TOTAL years years 1 48 years Not Available TOTAL 3 63 to 65 years years 4 24

25 QUALITATIVE DATA National Reports, Specialised Studies Or Major Studies About The Extent, Patterns Or Trends In Drugs, Published In The Past Year. Title and Author: Proposal for Policy Governing the Sale of Alcohol to and Consumption among Minors in Grenada; Kara Ashby, Cherry-Ann George-Smith and Ivan Jakimovski, St. George s University Summary: The paper examined several issues regarding the policy for the sale of alcohol and consumption among minors in Grenada. These included: i. Public Health Significance: Negative health effects associated with alcohol drinking among minors. ii. iii. iv. Alcohol drinking among minors worldwide, in the Caribbean and in Grenada. Current legislation concerning the sale of alcohol in Grenada. Factors which influences the consumption of alcohol among minors in Grenada. v. Proposals to address the problem of alcohol consumption among, and sale to minors in Grenada. vi. vii. Key actors in facilitating the policy. Interaction among contextual factors, our proposed policy and key actors in addressing the consumption and sale of alcohol to minors. Results: i. Legal drinking age should be increased to 18 years. ii. iii. iv. Enforcement is necessary for proposed policy to be effective. Population must be made aware of the significance of enacting policies to address the issue of alcohol consumption and sale as it relates to minors. Role of media in raising awareness on the issue of alcohol consumption and sale as it relates to minors is necessary. v. Collaborative effort among key actors. Conclusions: The sale and consumption of alcohol among minors in Grenada is a problem. Legislation which governs such practice is out-dated and should be amended. Appropriate policies should also be established to address the issue of the sale and consumption of alcohol among minors. 25

26 Title and Author: Is The Potential Decriminalization Of Marijuana In Jamaica Justified?; Andrea Cadet, Police Office, Royal Grenada Police Force Summary: The paper examines the genesis of marijuana use in Jamaica and cultural practices associated with marijuana use. It also assess the economic gain of decriminalization of marijuana, the criminality and legal status of marijuana within the State and to determine whether it provides any justification for decriminalization and legalization. Benefits to Jamaica that can result peradventure marijuana is decriminalized, and the negative impact the present state of violence can have on the country, combined with the decriminalization of marijuana were also discussed in the paper. Results: No applicable results to Grenada. Conclusions: The paper concludes that the political directorate finds itself between a rock and a hard place in deciding between the lesser of two evils. The state must decide whether to denunciate its signatory to the international laws on drugs and face the ramifications or whether to accede to the voice of the masses and amend the constitution and Drug Act in support of marijuana decriminalization. Jamaica must decide whether morals, values, stability of the state, are worth renouncing for the ganja dollar. 26

27 Title and Author: Analysis Of Drug-Related Statistics, for the period 1 January To 30 June 2011 And 1 January To 30 June 2012; Drug Control Secretariat Summary: The analysis identifies percentage changes in various areas of drug control for the period, 1 January To 30 June 2012, over 1 January To 30 June It does not identify factors which influence these percentage changes. Results: The key findings of the analysis are inter alia: i. There was a 100% increase in the number of females admitted for treatment, with an increase from seven (7) persons during the period 1 January to 30 June 2011, to 14 persons during the period 1 January to 30 June ii. iii. iv. Of the four main areas monitored by the Drug Control Secretariat, for drug-related admissions to the General Hospital, 68 % of admissions (23 patients) had medical problems with alcohol liver disease. No chemical precursors, or illicit pharmaceuticals containing controlled drugs, were seized by law enforcement authorities during the period under review. For the period 1 January to 30 June 2011 and 1 January to 30 June 2012, eight hundred and fifteen (815) males and sixty (60) females were arrested for drug related incidences. v. Main drug-related offence committed by persons who were arrested and charged was the possession of marijuana. Five hundred and forty four (544) persons (62%) were arrested and charged for possession of marijuana. vi. Main country from which criminals were deported was the United States of America (20 deportees). vii. viii. ix. Increase by 115 % in the number of reports of Suspicious Transactions (RST) to the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU), during the period 1 January to 30 June 2012 (88 RST) as compared to the period 1 January to 30 June 2011 (41 RST). 4 firearms were forfeited by the Royal Grenada Police Force, in relation to drug trafficking, during the period 1 January to 30 June There were no seizures of firearms during the period 1 January to 30 June A total of fifty (50 males) and one (1) female were sentenced to prison for drug related crimes, during the combined period 1 January to 30 June 2011 and 1 January 30 June x. Two hundred and fifty nine (259) samples tested for the presence of controlled drugs, for the period 1 January to 30 June 2011 and 1 January to 30 June 2012 combined. Conclusions: The use, production and trafficking of drugs continues to be a problem in Grenada. However, the findings of the analysis indicate that some successes were achieved by the authorities in reducing the problem. 27

28 Title and Author: Analysis Of Homicides In Grenada, 1 January 2008 to 10 October 2012; Drug Control Secretariat Summary: This paper presents a statistical analytical overview of homicides in Grenada for the period 1 January 2008 to 10 October The paper does not examine factors which influenced these homicides, nor does it provide strategies to prevent or reduce homicides.grenada is a small country, both in size and population. Families and communities are close-knit. Given this situation, the occurrence of homicides is quite traumatic and generally plunges the country into a state of, shock and bereavement. Some 40 per cent of countries have homicide rates under 3 per 100,000 population, while in 17 per cent of countries it is greater than 20 per 100,000, reaching 50 per 100,000 in some countries and as high as 80 per 100,000 in others. Since 1995, the homicide rate has decreased in many countries, mainly in Asia, Europe and Northern America, to the extent that it can be a relatively rare occurrence. Yet it has increased in others, particularly Central America and the Caribbean, where today it can be seen to be nearing crisis point. The rate of homicides in Grenada is 11.5 per 100,000 persons. Results: i. 62 homicides (48 males; 14 females) were committed between 1 January 2008 and 10 October ii. iii. iv. 77 % of homicide victims were males; 23 % victims were females. Most homicides were committed in (19 persons) Most homicides of males occurred in (17 males) v. Most homicides of females occurred in (5 females) vi. vii. viii. ix. Parish of St. George s recorded the highest number of homicides. (19 males; 7 females) There were no homicides in the parish of St. Mark s. No females were killed in the parishes of St. John s, St. Mark s and St. Patrick s. The consumption of alcohol by the perpetrators and victims was involved prior to the commission of some homicides. x. None of the homicides was connected to drug trafficking. Conclusions: The number of homicides committed in Grenada during the period under review is high, compared to the world-wide rate of homicides. Further analysis of homicides in Grenada, for the period under review is recommended. 28

29 ACHIEVEMENTS AND PRIORITY AREAS FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENT The following is a summary of the achievements of GRENDEN, for the period under review. 1. The name, Grenada Drug Information Network (GRENDEN), was amended to, Grenada Drug Epidemiology Network (GRENDEN, by the Cabinet. 2. Collection of data on alcohol-related mortality, for the period 2005 to Created one new Indicator: GRENDEN Indicator 1D: Admissions: Mt. Gay Psychiatric Hospital 4. Ninth Annual GRENDEN Meetings on 7 December Launch of the document, A Pictorial Analysis Of The Extent, Patterns And Trends Of The Drug Situation In Grenada, 2001 To Publication of several statistical reports inter alia: i. GRENDEN Annual Report, ii. GRENDEN Statistical Report of Indicators, iii. GRENDEN Statistical Report of Indicators, 1988 to iv. GRENDEN Statistical Report of Indicators, 2006 to v. GRENDEN Fact Sheets, March, June, September, December vi. Analysis Of Drug-Related Statistics: 1 January To 30 June 2011 And 1 January To 30 June vii. A Pictorial Analysis Of The Extent, Patterns And Trends Of The Drug Situation In Grenada, 2001 To 2009; Drug Control Secretariat, viii. An Analysis Of Homicides In Grenada, 2008 To Partnership with St. George s University (SGU) continues to be strengthened. Dr. Cecilia Younger, Professor at SGU, participated in two regional meetings organized by CICAD, 8. GRENDEN provided technical assistance to other Caribbean countries, through workshops organized by CICAD, for the establishment of their drug information networks and the regional drug information network. These workshops were held in St. Lucia (June 2012) and Antigua and Barbuda (August 2012). 9. Preparation for the Third Secondary Schools Drug Prevalence Survey, to be conducted in Provided statistical data for various regional and international organizations including: Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), World Health Organization (WHO), Inter- American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD). 29

30 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The following recommendations are proposed to strengthen the capacity of GRENDEN, and by extension the Government of Grenada, to collect and analyses drug-related statistical data. Priority Areas For Future Development: 1. Continued revision of existing Indicators. 2. Formulation of new indicators such as: drug-related accidents in the workplace; drugrelated vehicular accidents. 3. Training of personnel in data collection and analysis. 4. Strengthen the structure of GRENDEN. 5. Establishment of a mechanism to validate the statistics disseminated by GRENDEN. 6. GIS should be included in the tracking and monitoring of drug offences. 7. Tracking and monitoring of convictions should be conducted, with concurrent reporting of the percentage of people arrested and convicted. 8. Evaluate at-risk students to determine the extent to which drug use impacts academic success. 9. The effectiveness of drug treatment facilities should be evaluated. 10. Involving youth in the anti-drug strategy. Identification Of Needs In Order To Address Priority Areas 1. Strengthening of the institutional framework to monitor and evaluate drug activity through developing technical capacity within each agency. 2. Evaluate the economic and social impact of the drug industry. 3. Develop technical capacity to monitor and evaluate drug control programmes. 4. Document and understand the cultural connection of drugs. 5. Increase the surveillance in port security to include alternative methods in detection of crack cocaine, ecstasy and methamphetamines. 30

31 REFERENCES Government of Greanda, Visitation Records, Population and Housing Census 2011 GRENDEN Statistical Report of Indicators, 2011 Statistics, Epidemiology Unit, Ministry of Health,

32 APPENDIX 1 The following Officers were responsible for completing the GRENDEN Indicators: Ms. Verlina Straker Medical Records Clerk Medical Records Department General Hospital Mr. Eric Mitchell Principal Officer (Reception) Her Majesty s Prisons Mr. Kester Sylvester Prison Officer Her Majesty s Prisons Ms. Portia Fraser Customs Officer Customs and Excise Department Mr. Urban Norcisse Corporal Financial Intelligence Unit Mr. Sharm Roberts Corporal Criminal Investigation department Royal Grenada Police Force Mr. Toppin Pierre Sergeant Criminal Records Office Royal Grenada Police Force Ms. Brenda Jones Nurse Rathdune Psychiatric Unit Ms. Marcelle Belmar Pharmacy Inspector Mrs. Brenda Scott Nurse Carlton House Mr. Gary Cox Nurse Carlton House Mr. Sean Henry Chief Analytical Chemist Produce Chemist Laboratory 32

33 APPENDIX 2: SUMMARY OF GRENDEN STATISTICAL REPORT OF INDICATORS 2012 Number Of Persons Arrested And Charged For Drug- Related Offences: Eight hundred and nineteen (819) persons were arrested and charged for drug-related offences. (Males: 769; Females: 50) Number Of Persons Sentenced to Prison For Drug-Related Offences: Fifty-two (52 persons were sentenced to Prison for drug-related offences. (Males: 51; Females: 1) Eight hundred (800) persons arrested for drug-related offenses were Grenadians. Age Range Of Persons Sentenced To Prisons For Drug-Related Offences: years: 6 persons Nine (9) percent of all persons arrested were between ages 15 to 19 years; Twenty-two (22) percent of all persons arrested were between ages 40 years and over. Number Of Persons Arrested And Charged For Possession Of Drugs Within One Hundred Yards Of Schools: Five (5) persons was arrested and charged for possession of drugs within 100 yards of a school. Number Of Persons Convicted For Drug-Related Offences: One hundred and thirty-six (136) persons were convicted of drug-related offences. Type And Quantity Of Drugs Seized By The Royal Grenada Police Force: Cannabis plants: 11,875 units Cannabis cigarettes: 2,958 units Cannabis: 940 kg Cocaine: kg Crack: 597 g Number Of Criminal Deportees: Sixteen (16) persons (males only) were deported to Grenada for criminal offences. Ten (10) deportees) were between ages 20 to 34 years, and six (6) were 35 years and over. Firearms: Zero (0) firearms were forfeited in relation to drug trafficking years: 9 persons years: 14 persons years: 6 persons years: 4 persons 40 years and over: 13 persons Number Of Patients Admitted To Rathdune Psychiatric Unit For Problems Derived From the Consumption Of Drugs: Three hundred and sixty-three (363) persons were admitted to Rathdune Psychiatric Unit. (Males: 337; Females: 26) Number Of Patients Admitted To General Hospital For Problems Derived From the Consumption Of Drugs: One hundred and sixty-eight (168) persons were admitted to the General Hospital. (Males 146; Females: 22) Number Of Patients Admitted To Carlton House Treatment Centre For Problems Derived From the Consumption Of Drugs: Twenty-seven (27) persons were admitted to Carlton House Treatment Centre. (Males: 23; Females: 4) Number Of Persons Arrested And Charged For Money Laundering offences: One (1) case of investigation of laundering of money derived from illegal drug trafficking. 33