New Media for Transit Opportunities and challenges

Transcription

1 New Media for Transit Opportunities and challenges Jean COSTANTINI Oslo, Oct 2011 Transportation Systems

2 Agenda Background Ticketing vs. payment NFC Google Wallet Bank cards Open questions 2

3 Thales, 40 years of experience in fare collection systems Oslo Denmark Netherlands Paris Strasbourg Toronto Madrid Turin Beijing Lisbon Naples Delhi Nanjing Mexico City Gran Canaria Algiers Dubai Cairo Shenzhen Dominican Rep. Saudi Arabia Bangkok Caracas NSR Taipei, Taiwan HSR Manila Rio de Janeiro Kuala Lumpur Hong Kong Santiago Sao Paulo Gautrain Singapore Auckland 3

4 4 New actors are challenging the Transit industry

5 Mobility The mobility technologies hold tremendous potential How can they help transport authorities to solve the big issues that underlie any fare management initiative: Customer convenience Accessibility Social inclusion Operator revenue assurance Trust If you don t have a mobile strategy, then you don t have a strategy Eric Schmidt Google s CEO 5

6 Mobility, why is NFC slow to take off Rivalry between economic buyers (Mobile operators and issuers) Ownership of the secure element, roles and responsibilities Consumers have good enough payment methods Payments demand simplicity, trust, reliability and low cost NFC requires download, Clicks, selection, PIN codes Never achieved a critical mass of users. NFC Business model is challenged by the number of enabled handsets Handset are chosen by the content and services they enable Unlikely that mass deployment will come from ability to pay. Transit 6 Emulations (Calypso, DESfire) are eventually there. Privacy protection?

7 Ticketing and payments For some time in a lot of e-ticketing projects a new magic word is born: EMV payment Presented as the paradigm solution for ticketing Answer to all complex ticketing requirements Requested by all RFP, even in the US Will likely be included in each and every NFC phones Can ticketing be reduced to a simple payment act? Can banks & payment networks be substituted for a ticketing system? 7

8 What is provided by Public Transport - Diversified offers as answer to clients segments & needs - Simple access to services: choice, buy, use - Seamless travel with transport means (interoperability) - Customised fares by social clients profiles - Operational feed back: collect, use data to offer a better service, sell data (?) - Providing real statistics for Operator & Authorities - Security of the transactions (including payment) - Managing peak of transactions & flows - Loyalty program (Use or Quantity) - Privacy mobility - Could payment services be able to and for how much? Do P.T. customers need to become bank clients? 8 No bank account = No travel?

9 Ticketing vs. Payments Transport industry move People Financial payment industry move.money In the ISO business framework, (ISO24014) Transport products are: access rights & associated fares (what you sell) Payment means are not products. They move the money from travellers to transit agencies Stored value is a transport product. Loading a transport stored value is paying a product, whatever payment means is chosen by the customer Debiting a transport stored value is using a product, no money moves, no payment. Electronic purse, as in Contactless bank cards, is a payment mean 9

10 Ticketing solutions structured by ISO SIM, Bank cards Media Manufacturer Banks MNO Media Issuer Media Owner Security Manager Central System Collect and Forward Registrar Transport Operator Application Owner Media Retailer Application Retailer Transport Provider Product Owner Product Retailer Contactless Cards T-purse Owner Float Manager Reloading Agent Customer Customer Service 10

11 NFC perspective in transit End user Reload& purchase tickets anytime anywhere Avoid queues at reloading terminals Obtain Vouchers and cross marketed services on the fly Remote security features Dematerialize my cards and present them in my handset wallet Add screen, keyboard and connectivity to my cards NFC tag reading capabilities Transit operator Eliminate physical ticket distribution cost and operations Dynamic representation in wallet, branding, balance; logo s Cross marketing opportunities, Bundles,.. Less expensive- sales equipment required, take advantage of Station real estate Eliminate direct cost of smart media Enhanced branding opportunities Link between physical and online world, new services (GPS,..) 11

12 NFC Flavors 12 SE in the phone Google Phone, SE= Secure Element SE in the SIM Any SWP based phone SE in the SD Typhone,..

13 Google Wallet As MNO and Banks seems not able to find any agreement, Google has launched his strategy. Google Wallet is linking a payment card (Citi, Google prepaid card or a gift card) to a phone It is basically a PayPass (Magstripe profile, US only) payment application. This PayPass application is running in a secure area of the Android based Google phone. You will need to enable the Google wallet by typing a pin code, before using it. Google claims it does not collect any fees on the transactions but profiles users. Offer loyalties and coupons with participating merchants Their business model is a true Google one. 13

14 Why contactless Bank Cards in Transit Customers A single card does it all No need to queue in line to buy fare rights Convenient solution for an occasional journey Transit Authorities / Operators No need to issue expensive Limited Use Fare Media to occasional travelers Card issuance burden transferred to banks Card cost shared between all stakeholders Banks Reduced cash handling, displacing cash, seignorage Acquire new customers (transit co-branded cards cheaper to deploy) New revenue stream with fees Transit as a killer usage to increase customers contactless spending. 14

15 15 Why EMV

16 Why Bank cards in transit appears complicated New actors (Payment schemes, Banks,..) with a major influence For the Transit operators Fare structure forced simplifications. Fees structure imposed / negotiated from external entities Constraints and liability PCI DSS, Chargeback, KYC, AML, CFT,.. Validation speed Adding strong key players such as Issuing and Acquiring banks For Solution providers Specifications imposed by external entities. certifications, architectural changes, external specifications and constraints Operating processes in line with the payment industry PCI DSS Fare structures constraints 16

17 What cost will be displaced with bank cards Transport for London shows that, today, it costs 14p to collect 1 of revenue. 100 % = 14p Infrastructure & management 13 Revenue protection 32 Product sales 8 Smart card prod & distribution Cust Info & Services 6 How much of this could be eliminated Smart card prod & distribution < 1p (or 1%) With Bank cards, will the fees be below this? Source: TfL Fares and ticket directorate 17

18 Contactless Bank Cards use cases Retail mode or flat fare Fare is known upfront at check-in Used in London TfL Busses for 2012 Olympics, Manchester, NYC, Paris subway trial, Mass Transit Extension in the card (SA NDoT card-centric system) Fare products can be stored in the card. Transit related logs (unsecured variable frame) can be used for fare computation. Some fare rules may be difficult to achieve and will likely force simplifications. Zero amount transaction (account-based system - back office centric) Fare rules are processed in the back-office, thus any complex rule can be handled. NYC, with Master Card Risk management engine and Citi for US Online cards Will be used in London TfL Metro after the 2012 Olympics for EMV Offline cards All the current US RFP (now requiring EMV compliance) 18

19 South Africa NDoT Card centric solution Card terminal authentication is an EMV off-line authentication based on the payment scheme security (PKI) Key Principle Each transit operator takes ownership of one storage vault He is free to define how to use it, within the NDoT specifications, Available additional, free access, data storage will be used for fare computation 19

20 Bank card use case, Back Office Centric solution Off line payment (0 ) cryptogram Fare amount computed at End Of Day from transit details Issuing bank Shadow accounts Personal accounts No payments while travelling Acquiring bank 20 Float

21 Open questions, ticketing and payment Certification or type approval for every device still an issue. transit authority quote: our margin are already thin, why let the banks in? The Payment association in the country need to agree on the Know Your Customer and Anti Money Laundering constraints How to serve the unbanked or underbanked. Prepaid cards. In developing countries, the social benefits of financial inclusion greatly outweigh the issues caused by the usage of prepaid cards. TfL want to get rid of the Oyster transit cards for 2015 to use Bank cards. 21

22 Open questions, NFC The handsets are coming SIM or SD with transit card emulation are there. Once the ecosystem is built (Handset, Google mindset,..) it will start. It seems that card contactless payment is a faster payment but NFC contactless payment will open up coupons, loyalties, offers etc that merchants want to pay for. by holding your phone against something you are expressing your willingness to interact, effectively saying: I want this, whether it information, a coupon or to purchase an item. This makes NFC technology much more powerful than any other form of mobile-based activity. 22

23 Global vs. local solutions Payments are looking for a global solution Public Transport are always unique and local Convergence challenges Existing infrastructure at PTO s Investment needed to update the infrastructure Transition period Are PTO going to loose control Lose prepaid credit amount float Fees structure 23

24 When dealing with Payment industry, make sure everything is covered, fees, chargeback, claims, etc by a joint pilot 24