ICT in Agriculture AgriLinux on RISC A low price workstation for developing countries

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1 ICT in Agriculture AgriLinux on RISC A low price workstation for developing countries Afrikatag 2013 Nov. 26, 2013 Dipl.-Kfm. Oliver Etzel, cd. M.Sc.(TUM) Information Systems Technische Universität München Fakultät Mathematik und Informatik [email protected] Online: RISC : Reduced Instruction Set Computer, Rechner mit reduziertem Befehlssatz Entwurfsmuster für Computerprozessoren

(TUM) Information Systems Technische Universität München Fakultät Mathematik und Informatik etzel@informatik.

2 ICT in Agriculture AgriLinux on RISC A low price workstation for developing countries Online: RISC : Reduced Instruction Set Computer, Rechner mit reduziertem Befehlssatz design strategy for computer processors

de/660139 RISC : Reduced Instruction Set Computer, Rechner

3 ICT in Agriculture AgriLinux on RISC A low price workstation for developing countries Abstract In developing countries only a small percentage of rural families or smallholder farmers own a computer. Although a high rate of adoption of mobile phones the families are unable to afford expensive workstations or personal computers. Trying to bridge this gap, a own Linux distribution AgriLinux * 1 is compiled on a low price RISC class mainboard based on ARM * 2 architecture - presented on the Afrikatag Taking the diffusion of mobile phones in developing countries into consideration, this computer is able to run with mobiles periphery. Thus the harddisk is simulated by a SD smartcard. To power the machine a micro- USB plug known from a conventional cellphone charger can be used. This Computer run as a full personal computer, able to browse the internet though a WLAN device and performing all operating tasks that are used with high end products. * 1 the name "AgriLinux" is preliminary and scheduled to get checked by the Patent and Licensing Office of the Technische Universität München. * 2 ARM - Advanced RISC Machine - family of instruction set architectures for computer processors Online: RISC : Reduced Instruction Set Computer, Rechner mit reduziertem Befehlssatz design strategy for computer processors

Trying to bridge this gap, a own Linux distribution AgriLinux * 1 is compiled on a low price RISC class mainboard based on ARM * 2 architecture - presented on the Afrikatag 2013.

4 ICT in Agriculture AgriLinux on RISC A low price workstation for developing countries 1. Introducion 2. Mobile Phones Rate ofadoption in Africa 3. ARM Architecture Smartphone Mainboard 4. AgriLinux Workstation 5. Future Concepts

Mobile Phones Rate ofadoption in Africa 3.

5 ICT in Agriculture AgriLinux on RISC A low price workstation for developing countries The proliferation of mobile phones in combination with the power of ICT / Open Source GNU Software enables low price devices. Open Source Software Photo: last Access: Nov, 26, 2013

Software enables low price devices. Open Source Software Photo: http://agricbiz.

6 Mobile Phones 2012 Mobile-cellular subscriptions 2012 (millions) Per 100 inhabitants Africa ,8 Arab States ,6 Asia & Pacific ,1 CIS ,9 Europe ,3 The Americas ,3 Active mobile-broadband subscriptions Africa 60 7,1 Arab States 53 14,3 Asia & Pacific ,8 CIS ,0 Europe ,5 The Americas ,8 Source: ITU Statistics, last accessed: Nov.. 24, 2013 ITU World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database.

Asia & Pacific 625 15,8 CIS 101 36,0 Europe 314 50,5 The Americas 377 39,8 Source: ITU Statistics, http://www.itu.

7 Households with a computer 2012 Household with Internet / PC (millions) (%) 2012* 2012* Households with a computer Africa N/A 7,8 Arab States N/A 34,0 Asia & Pacific N/A 31,0 CIS N/A 50,4 Europe N/A 76,2 The Americas N/A 58,4 Households with Internet access at home Africa N/A 5,3 Arab States N/A 29,6 Asia & Pacific N/A 28,6 CIS N/A 42,1 Europe N/A 74,0 The Americas N/A 56,0 Source: ITU Statistics, last accessed: Nov.. 24, 2013 ITU World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database.

States N/A 29,6 Asia & Pacific N/A 28,6 CIS N/A 42,1 Europe N/A 74,0 The Americas N/A 56,0 Source: ITU Statistics, http://www.itu.

8 Digital Literacy - ICT as an Enabler The african housholds have mobile phones but no home computers. Home computers are the base of digital literacy and can sparc a lot of future business. Source: Krcmar, H., Informationsmanagement, Springer Ltd. London, 2005, S.316

Home computers are the base of digital literacy and can sparc a

9 Digital Literacy - ICT as an Enabler The african famers have lot of opportunies with using ITC. Source: The ICT in Agriculture Sourcebook, World Bank, 2012, URL: last Access: Nov, 26, 2013

Source: The ICT in Agriculture Sourcebook, World Bank, 2012,

10 ARM Architecture - RISC mainboards ARM (Advanced RISC Machines) is a family of instruction set architectures for computer processors based on a reduced instruction set computing (RISC) architecture developed by British company ARM Holdings. Useful for light, portable, battery-powered devices including smartphones, laptops, tablet and notepad computers), and other embedded systems. Source: Wikipedia, ARM Architecture, last Access: Nov, 26, 2013

Useful for light, portable, battery-powered devices including smartphones, laptops, tablet and notepad computers), and

11 ARM Smartphone like Mainboards There are many supliers for smartphone like mainboards, e.g. Andulino, Trim-Slice, Cubieboard (1G ARM Cortex-A8 processor, NEON) and many more.... and smartphones.. even ARM Development Kits, like Mouser Source: Cubieboard, last accessed: Nov, 26, 2013

Andulino, Trim-Slice, Cubieboard (1G ARM Cortex-A8 processor, NEON) and many

12 ARM Smartphone like Mainboard + Open Source Operating System + Source: Cubieboard, last accessed: Nov, 26, 2013

13 A low price workstation for developing countries = Source: Eigene Darstellung meiner Versuchsanordnung: Nov, 26, 2013

14 Presentation Reminder: Internet where from: Google Loon, WLAN for Africa Balloon-Powered Internet For Everyone Source: Google s Project Loon : Offers Internet via Balloons, last accessed: Nov, 26, 2013

Source: Google s Project Loon : Offers Internet via

15 Opportunities - elearning, - Farm organization - Farm productivity - Sparcing new industries... Providing eliteracy. Source: The ICT in Agriculture Sourcebook, World Bank, 2012, URL: last accessed: Nov, 26, 2013

Source: The ICT in Agriculture Sourcebook, World Bank, 2012, URL:

16 Thank you for your attention 1. Cooperation with Google? 2. TUM Patentbüro: Asking if : AgriLinux Is a good name choice?

17 Thank you for your attention

18 ICT in Agriculture AgriLinux on RISC A low price workstation for developing countries Afrikatag 2013 Nov. 26, 2013 Dipl.-Kfm. Oliver Etzel, cd. M.Sc. (TUM) Information Systems Technische Universität München Fakultät Mathematik und Informatik [email protected] Online: RISC : Reduced Instruction Set Computer, Rechner mit reduziertem Befehlssatz Entwurfsmuster für Computerprozessoren

19 Card Layout:

Industry First X86-based Single Board Computer JaguarBoard Released

Industry First X86-based Single Board Computer JaguarBoard Released HongKong, China (May 12th, 2015) Jaguar Electronic HK Co., Ltd officially launched the first X86-based single board computer called JaguarBoard.