BLAST MANAGEMENT PLAN

Transcription

1 Environmental Management System Integra Coal Operations Pty Ltd BLAST MANAGEMENT PLAN Doc No: Doc Owner: Blast Management Plan Environmental Advisor Integra Coal Operations Approval: Manager Sustainability Integra Coal Operations Signed: Date: x th July 2012 Revision Issue Date Originator Reviewed Approved 27/2/2012 Terrock EMM 6/3/2012 Terrock EMM 19/4/2012 EMM Integra 18/5/2012 EMM Integra x/7/2012 EMM Integra 8/10/2012 EMM Integra Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

2 Table of Contents Page 1. INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENTATION PLAN OBJECTIVES AND PERFORMANCE INDICATORS EXISTING AND PLANNED OPERATION ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES MONITORING MANAGEMENT MEASURES PREVENTATIVE MEASURES ENVIRONMENTAL BLAST DESIGN GROUND VIBRATION AIRBLAST OVERPRESSURE FLYROCK DUST AND FUMES ARTC RAIL LINES AND INFRASTRUCTURE ROAD CLOSURE PROCEDURES REFIRES OR MISFIRES DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION POSTPONING A BLAST CORRECTIVE MEASURES COMPLAINTS HANDLING REPORTING AND REVIEW REPORTING PLAN REVIEWS REFERENCES GLOSSARY BLAST FUME MANAGEMENT STRATEGY BLAST FUME CAUSES OF BLAST FUME CODE OF PRACTICE: PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF BLAST GENERATED NOX GASES IN SURFACE BLASTING BLAST FUME RATING BLAST FUME RECORDING BLAST FUME REVIEW AND MITIGATION BLAST FUME MANAGEMENT STRATEGY Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

3 Table of Contents (continued) FIGURES Figure 1-1 BMP Connections to other environmental documents... 5 Figure 2-1 Integra Coal Blast Monitoring Locations Figure 5-1 Blast Design Flowchart Figure 5-2 The sensitivity of airblast to stemming height Figure 5-3 Minimum recommended Blast Exclusion Zones Figure 5-4 The sensitivity of the maximum throw to stemming height Figure 5-5 Stemming ejection/stemming height relationship Figure 5-6 Open Cut Blasting Flowchart Figure 6-1 Complaint management process flow chart Figure 10-1 AEISG Fume rating scale TABLES Table 1-1 Plan Objectives and Performance Indicators... 6 Table 3-1 Roles and Responsibilities Table 5-1 Open Cut nominal blasting specifications Table 5-2 Recommended Peak Ground Vibration Levels APPENDICES APPENDIX A - APPROVAL CONDITIONS AND EA COMMITMENTS APPENDIX B - UNDERGROUND TARP APPENDIX C - BLAST FUME MANAGEMENT STRATEGY APPENDIX D PRO_2029 BLASTING ADJACENT TO MAIN NORTHERN RAILWAY Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

4 1. I n t r o d u c t i o n 1.1 Background This Blast Management Plan (BMP) forms part of a series of Environmental Management Plans for the Vale Integra Mine. It encompasses blast management across both the Integra Coal Open Cut and Integra Coal Underground Sites, collectively known as the Complex. Current and approved operations within the Complex include the North Open Cut, the Underground Mine, South Pit and the Extended South Pit (Western Extension). Relevant infrastructure associated with the Complex includes the Coal Handling and Preparation Plant (CHPP), underground ventilation fan site, tailings dams and associated clean and dirty water storage facilities. Whilst this BMP is dynamic and changes will be made as warranted over time, the formal life of this Plan is three years, beginning on the date of formal acceptance of the plan by the Department of Planning and Infrastructure (DP&I).The document will be reviewed and amended as outlined in Section Statutory Requirements Surface Blasting operations at the Complex must be conducted in accordance with the provisions of: - NSW Department of Planning & Infrastructure - Project Approval, Integra Mining Complex - Coal Mine Health and Safety Act 2002 (CMHSA 2002) - Coal Mine Health and Safety Regulation 2006 (CMHSR 2006) - Work Health and Safety Act Work Health and Safety Regulations Explosives Act Explosives Regulations MDG 1012 Use of explosives in underground coal mines - AS : Explosives Storage, Transport and Use, Part 1 - Storage - AS : Explosives Storage, Transport and Use, Part 2 Use of Explosives - AS : Storage transport and use Terminology - Australian Explosives Code Third Edition April, Integra Explosives Hazard Management Plan (HMP_2001) - Integra Road Closure Management Plan - Australian Explosives Industry and Safety Group Inc (AEISG) Code of Practice The Integra Mine Complex Project Approval (08_0101 and 08_0102), dated 26 November 2010, Condition No. 19 of Schedule 3 requires preparation of a blast management plan. All of the requirements for the Plan are addressed in this document, as detailed in Appendix A. Project approval was based, amongst other things, on the Government s consideration of the two environmental assessments (EAs) that accompanied the application for the projects, namely Proposed Integra Underground Coal Project, July 2009, and Integra Open Cut Project, June The Statement of Commitments in the Open Cut Project EA assessments makes certain commitments in respect of blast management at the Complex. Such commitments have been Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

5 addressed in this BMP. Appendix A sets out the relevant commitments and where they are addressed in the BMP. 1.3 Relationship with Other Environmental Documentation The relationships between this BMP and other environmental documentation held by Integra are shown conceptually in Figure 1-1. Figure 1-1 BMP Connections to other environmental documents Note: Blast Fume Management Plan is to be annexed to this BMP once approved by Department of Planning and Infrastructure The Underground TARP referred to in the above diagram can be found in Appendix B. Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

6 1.4 Plan Objectives and Performance Indicators The objectives of the Blast MP and the associated performance indicators are set out in Table 1-1. Objectives Table 1-1 Plan Objectives and Performance Indicators Performance Indicators Compliance with legislative requirements. Airblast or ground vibration not to exceed criteria nominated in Project Approval, namely Table 9 Blasting Criteria (condition 11 reiterated below this table): Blasting to be conducted in accordance with Project Approval Blasting Criteria (conditions 12, 13) and Operating Conditions (16-18) (outlined below); No flyrock beyond mine boundary, or unplanned flyrock events; Minimisation of off-site odour, dust and fume emissions. Control the blast process from design to implementation, initiation and evaluation. Identify the risks and hazard associated with blasting, including control and/or mitigation. Implement best practice measures for the management and minimisation of dust and noxious fumes from surface blasting. Comply with Project Approval requirements. Safely blast and comply with Project Approval requirements. Mitigation of dust and fumes. Assure the safety of the public, site personnel and surrounding properties from flyrock. No flyrock incidents resulting in personal injury or property damage. Establish effective communications and active links between the Open Cut and Underground Operations. Effective communication. Ensure the safe operation of the Integra Underground Operations (IUO) under Open Cut blasting activities Comply with relevant coal industry legislation Effective communication. No blast related incidents involving IUO. Compliance with legislation. Limit the risk of damage to surface No blast vibration exceedences or flyrock Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

7 Objectives infrastructure by controlling blast vibration and flyrock at: Performance Indicators incidents. Possum Skin Dam; Tailings Dams; Envirogen Power Generation Site; Overland Conveyor Belts; Underground portal and surrounding highwall; ARTC Main Northern Rail Line cuttings, embankments and infrastructure; and New England Highway and Local Public Roads. Table 1-2 Integra Coal Blasting Criteria (Project Approval Table 9) Receiver Airblast Overpressure (db(lin Peak)) Ground Vibration (ppv(mm/s) Allowable Exceedance Residence on privatelyowned land % of the total number of blasts over a period of 12 months Main Northern Railway culverts and bridges % All public infrastructure % Table 1-2 outlines blasting criteria as per Integra Coal Project Approval 08_0101 and 08_0102, however, these criteria do not apply if the Proponent has a written agreement with the relevant landowner or infrastructure owner to exceed the criteria, and the Proponent has advised the Department in writing of the terms of this agreement. Project Approval - Conditions: Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

8 12. The Proponent shall only carry out blasting on site between 9am and 5pm Monday to Saturday inclusive. No blasting is allowed on Sundays, public holidays, or at any other time without the written approval of the Director-General. 13. The Proponent shall not carry out more than: (a) 1 blast a day in the northern mining area unless an additional blast is required following a blast misfire; (b) 2 blasts a day in the existing Camberwell south pit, and then 1 blast a day when the mining moves from this pit into the western mining area unless an additional blast is required following a blast misfire; and (c) 10 blasts a week on site, averaged over any 12 month period. 14. If the Proponent receives a written request from the owner of any privately-owned land within 2 kilometers of the approval open cut mining pits on site for a property inspection to establish the baseline condition of any buildings and/or structures on his/her land, or to have a previous property inspection report updated, then within 2 months of receiving this request the Proponent shall: (a) (b) commission a suitably qualified, experienced and independent person, whose appointment has been approved by the Director-General to: Establish the baseline condition of the buildings and/or structures on the land or update the previous property inspection report; and Identify any measures that should be implemented to minimise the potential blasting impacts of the projects on these buildings and/or structures; and give the landowner a copy of the new or updated property inspection report. 15. If any landowner of privately-owned land within 2 kilometres of any approved open cut mining pit on site claims that the buildings and/or structures on his/her land have been damaged as a result of blasting on site, then within 2 months of receiving this request the Proponent shall: (a) (b) commission a suitably qualified, experienced and independent person, whose appointment has been approved by the Director-General to investigate the claim; and Give the landowner a copy of the property investigation report. If this independent property investigation confirms the landowner s claim, and both parties agree with these findings, then the Proponent shall repair the damages to the satisfaction of the Director- General. If the Proponent or landowner disagrees with the findings of the independent property investigation, then either party may refer the matter to the Director-General for resolution. 16. The Proponent shall: (a) implement best blasting management practice on site to: Protect the safety of people and livestock in the surrounding area; Protect private or public property in the surrounding area; Minimise the dust and fume emissions of the blasting; and (b) co-ordinate the blasting on site with the blasting at nearby mines (including Ashton, Rix s Creek and Mt Owen mines) to minimise the cumulative blasting impacts of the mines; Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

9 (c) operate a suitable system to enable the public to get up-to-date information on the proposed blasting schedule on site; to the satisfaction of the Director-General. 17. The Proponent shall not undertake blasting within 500 metres of: (a) Middle Falbrook Road or Stony Creek Road without the approval of Council; (b) the New England Highway without the approval of the RMS; and (c) the Main Northern Railway without the approval of the ARTC. 18. The Proponent shall not carry out blasting in the northern or western mining areas that is within 500 metres of any privately-owned land, and the Proponent has advised the Department in writing of the terms of this agreement; or The Proponent has: Demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Director-General that the blasting can be carried out without compromising the safety of the people or livestock on the land, or damaging the buildings and/or structure on the land; and Updated the Blast Management Plan to include the specific measures that would be implemented while blasting is being carried out within 500 metres of the land. Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

10 2. E x i s t i n g a n d P l a n n e d O p e r a t i o n The Complex comprises the following major areas and infrastructure: North Open Cut (NOC), which is the most northern open cut mining area, located between the site tailings dams and a major mine water storage dam known as Possum Skin Dam; South Pit, which forms a significant part of the overburden emplacement area for the Extended South Pit (Western Extension); Extended South Pit (Western Extension) will be the primary area of open cut mining activities and will operate 24 hours a day; Underground workings, currently longwall mining in the Middle Liddell seam with development works occurring to access the coal resource in the Hebden Seam and approval to mine in the Barrett seam; Underground related surface infrastructure, which includes administration facilities, gas drainage infrastructure and ventilation shaft site along with water management structures; The Coal Handling & Processing Plant (CHPP) that receives, stockpiles and washes coal from both the underground and open cut operations and loads product coal via the rail load out facility into trains for transport to the port of Newcastle; Tailings dams; and Underground/open cut related facilities, which includes administration areas, workshop and hydrocarbon storage areas. The state of operations at the Integra Open Cut is shown in Figure 2-1. Blasting operations planned under this BMP will occur in the NOC and Western Extension of the South Pit. Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

11 Figure 2-1 Integra Coal Blast Monitoring Locations Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

12 3. R o l e s a n d R e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s The roles and responsibilities of Integra staff at the Complex in respect of this BMP are presented in Table 3-1. Table 3-1 Roles and Responsibilities Role Operations Managers (Open Cut and Underground) Sustainability Manager Environmental Superintendent Open Cut Operations Manager Underground Operations Manager Responsibilities Ensure adequate resources are available to enable effective implementation of this BMP; and Ensure implementation of the BMP. Authorise the BMP and future amendments. Review the BMP as required; Act as the interface for environmental matters between government authorities, private industry, contractors, community groups and the wider community; Inform the relevant Operations Manager, Manager of Mining Engineering and Sustainability Manager of unexpected or serious environmental impact issues pertaining to blasting; and Promptly notify the relevant regulatory agencies of any incidents or non-compliances. Ensure that all individuals from the open cut workforce with responsibilities under this Plan are competent to carry out those responsibilities; Ensure that all relevant open cut personnel are aware of, and understand, their responsibilities as stated in the BMP; Ensure that training material is developed and provided, commensurate with target group, (e.g. workforce, supervisors, persons delegated specific duties under the plan); and Ensure any systems and procedures are developed and implemented in accordance with the requirements of the BMP. Review the Blasting Management Plan, its updates and associated standards and procedures; Ensure that all individuals from the underground workforce with responsibilities under this BMP are competent to carry out those responsibilities; Ensure that all relevant underground personnel are aware of, and understand, their responsibilities as stated in the BMP; Ensure that training material is developed and provided, commensurate with the target group, (e.g. workforce, supervisors, persons delegated specific duties under the plan); Ensure any systems and procedures that are developed and implemented in accordance with the requirements of the Plan are Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

13 Role Responsibilities communicated to relevant personnel; and Ensure that all risk assessment processes are formally documented. Drill and Blast Engineer Drill and blast coordinator Co-ordinate blasting on site ( notification) with the blasting at nearby mines (including Ashton, Rix s Creek, Glendell and Mt Owen Mines) to minimise the cumulative blasting impacts of the mines. A minimum 5 minute delay between Integra and surrounding mine blasting is adopted; Ensure correct notification is provided to potentially affected persons as stipulated in the BMP including information relating to blast location and safe area for blast evacuation; and Ensure blast design is carried out to minimise risks to underground and infrastructure and surface personnel. Ensure pre blast notifications have been conducted; Ensure that the traffic control protocol is in place; Review weather conditions and blast in accordance with relevant Trigger Action Response Plans(TARPS); and Ensure all blast notification signs are updated prior to each blast. Shot firer Receive notification from all sentries that they are in place and the blast site is evacuated and secure; Postpone the blast or give authorization (to be in the blast zone if shot is already fired but not cleared) if contacted by the underground sentry for an emergency evacuation; Stand down all sentries after the all clear ; and Where an underground sentry is required: Receive notification from the underground sentry that the underground mine is prepared for the shot Notify the underground sentry that the shot has been cleared. Give warning to the underground sentry to evacuate those personnel above ground if dust/fumes change direction and travel towards the underground portal Undermanager Receive information from the Drill & Blast Engineer pertaining to the blasting activities in the open cut; Ensure all personnel in his/her district with the potential to be impacted by the shot are aware of the time of a shot and are prepared to evacuate if necessary; Have a man stationed near the phone during a blast; and In the event of a planned evacuation, to account for all personnel in their section and organise the evacuation. Underground Sentry If workers are remaining underground during a shot, the Underground Sentry must 'no road' A and B Portals and position themselves at the Underground Sentry's station to stop any inadvertent access to the restricted blast zone; Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

14 Role Responsibilities Receive from all districts a phone call signalling they are prepared for the blast and to relay this information to the Shotfirer; Contact the Shotfirer in the event of an emergency to postpone the shot if anyone must be evacuated from the underground mine; Give the "All Clear" to each district after the Shotfirer has cleared the shot; and Relay an emergency evacuation order from the Shotfirer to all affected districts. Mine Surveyor Provide and maintain accurate mine plans; and Accurately mark out and record each blast pattern according to the blast design. Surface Sentries/ Road Guards Employees and Contractors Contact the Shot firer to confirm he/she is in place and his/her section of the Pit or road is cleared for firing; Hold traffic until the all clear is given; and Stand down once given the all clear and permit normal traffic flow. Work in accordance with standards and requirements of the BMP and associated standards and procedures; and Remove their own personal tag from the tag boards in the event of an underground evacuation (planned or unplanned). Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

15 4. M o n i t o r i n g The airblast and ground vibration from all blasts are monitored with an automatic triggering system at the following locations (as shown in Figure 2-1): Bridge, Cheetham, Cherry, Dulwich, Craven, Lambkin, Langdon, McInerney, Moran, Possum Skin Dam, Tailings Dam 2 and Watling. The wave traces of the measurements recorded are inspected to ensure they reflect a blast event and are not due to a false (non-blast) trigger such as a wind or person/animal induced event. The peak values measured of blast events are compared to compliance limits (refer Table 1-2). Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

16 5. M a n a g e m e n t M e a s u r e s 5.1 Preventative Measures Blasting operations are managed by deployment of an engineered blast design. Quality control activities are conducted during the deployment to ensure the accuracy of explosive loading. The startling effect of blasts on neighbours is mitigated by: Prior to blasts, notifying neighbours on a contact list. In the event of a blast being changed (delayed or advanced) by 30 minutes or greater. SMS messages are to be sent to Steven and Carol Ernst on mobile numbers provided by them, as long as they reside at 5850 New England Highway Camberwell NSW 2330; and Liaising with Drill & Blast Engineers/Co-ordinators at adjacent mines to co-ordinate blast times Environmental Blast Design Each blast is designed according to the Blast Design Flowchart shown as Figure 5-1. The blast specification for each blast is designed to ensure compliance with ground vibration and air blast limits to ensure the safety of site personnel and the public, and to protect public and private infrastructure. Blast Specifications Where possible, blasting at the Integra Open Cut pits is conducted using the nominal blasting specifications shown in Table 5-1. The specifications may need to be altered to comply with accepted vibration limits at privately owned houses and public/private infrastructure. The specifications are also modified for interburden seams less than 9m thick to control flyrock and air blast. The regulatory limits are discussed in Section 4 of this report. Table 5-1 Open Cut nominal blasting specifications Blast hole diameter (range): mm Nominally 229 mm Face height (range): Stem height (minimum): m 1.5 m No Maximum stemming is set as some holes may be completely stemmed after face profiling for Airblast control Explosive column (range): m Face Height (m) Explosive Charge mass/m(kg) Stemming Height Charge Mass (kg) ANFO HA Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

17 HA HA = Heavy ANFO ( are the specific gravity of the explosives) Initiation of blasts is made by both electronic, detonating cord and pyrotechnic products. The initiation timing and direction of each blast is considered on its individual merits to ensure minimised impact to neighbouring residences and infrastructure. Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

18 Figure 5-1 Blast Design Flowchart Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

19 Ground Vibration The aim of ground vibration design is the limitation of charge mass to control the ground vibration to within the regulatory limits for all privately owned houses and private/public infrastructure. The ground vibration limits are shown in Table 5-2. The basis of ground vibration design is known as the Scaled Distance Site Law Formula: PPV =K v m D 1.6 [1] Where: PPV = peak particle velocity (mm/s) m = charge mass/hole (kg) D = distance (m) K v =site constant An essential part of ground vibration control is analysis of measurements and continual review of the value of K v used in the design. The values of K v have varied considerably because of geological structures such as faults, possible dykes and sills in the overburden and interburden. A range of K v from 700 to 4000 has been experienced in the past. Dulwich Homestead has presented a particular challenge with K v varying from with blast vibration transmission direction due to no apparent cause. The blast specifications to limit ground vibration at the sensitive sites are determined using maximum charge mass limits derived from the spread sheet model currently used. The model, with an appropriate K v factor, is used to determine the maximum charge mass that can be loaded to limit the PPV levels at all sensitive sites. The maximum charge mass is then converted to a charge length that is used to design explosive placement and any decking requirement. The loading for each blasthole in the shot is produced as a loading sheet for the Shot Firing Crew to implement. Blast specifications to control airblast are generally successful in controlling ground vibration within regulatory limits. In the case of the Dulwich property, Terrock Engineers have created a spread sheet blast vibration model to analyse and predict the ground vibration for blasts close to the Dulwich property to assist in controlling ground vibration levels at Dulwich. This model uses rock mass transmission properties and blast properties to enable blasts to be designed by charge mass limitation. Analysis of the blast vibration levels is used for prediction of ground vibration levels after giving consideration to directional variation of ground characteristics, and initiation sequences and firing directions. Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

20 Ground Vibration Limits The recommended peak ground vibration levels at the houses and important infrastructure is listed in Table 5-2. Table 5-2 Recommended Peak Ground Vibration Levels ITEM PPV LIMIT REFERENCE HOUSES Ground Vibration: 5mm/s for 95% of blasts in 12 months 10mm/s for all blasts (Airblast 115 dbl for 95% of blasts) 10mm/s for all blasts EPA Environmental Protection Licence TD2 & POSSUM SKIN DAM 10mm/s Dams Safety Committee UNDERGROUND PORTAL Normal operations <10mm/s Interim Limit to stop traffic passing through portal at Blast time. Portal traffic control required Damage observation limit HIGHWALL STABILITY Damage observation limit CONVEYORS Without specific investigation With investigation >10mm/s 25mm/s - 50mm/s 25mm/s - 50mm/s 50mm/s 100mm/s Other Hunter Valley Mines Possible Upper Limit Interim damage observation limit Possible Upper limit Other Hunter Valley mines experience ENVIROGEN 10mm/s Consult with owners VENTILATION FANS External Vibration on Fan Bearings and Rotor Consult with manufacturers to determine safe levels before fans must be shut down COLLIERY PIT (TOP) 18mm/s BS no damage limit at 10hz frequency The structures that will most likely restrict blasting operations, over the life of mine are: - Dulwich Homestead Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

21 - Cherry House - Possum Skin Dam - Underground Portal and Highwall - Underground Surface Conveyor - ARTC Rail Line and Infrastructure Airblast Overpressure Airblast from open pit blasting is a pressure wave(s) that is transmitted through the air at the speed of sound. The airblast is measured as decibels Linear (dbl). Airblast EPL limits are nominated in Table 1-2. The effect of airblast will be minimal at all infrastructure items, including the Underground Portal and Highwall where human response criteria do not apply. The pressure change due to 120 dbl is the equivalent change of pressure as a wind gust of approximately 20-28km/hr ( m/s), described as a moderate breeze that raises dust and loose paper. Air blast of this magnitude has an equivalent effect on structures to ground vibration PPV levels of about 1 mm/s (ACARP C9040). Air blast is controlled by confinement of the explosive charge with minimum burden and stemming height requirements determined from Terrock models. Stemming is inert angular material loaded into the collar of the drill hole on top of the explosives column to momentarily confine the pressure of the explosion with the rock mass to prevent premature venting to the atmosphere with accompanying potential for high airblast, dust and fumes. Rock aggregate of appropriate size and angularity must be used for effective energy confinement in top of the hole stemming regions within blast holes.. A typical relationship between airblast and stemming height is demonstrated in Figure 5-2. Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

22 Figure 5-2 The sensitivity of airblast to stemming height The airblast resulting from a blast can be affected by meteorological reinforcement. Under certain meteorological conditions at the time of a blast, the air blast levels may be increased by up to 20 dbl at distances beyond about 1 kilometre from a blast. The conditions that may cause this increase are: Temperature inversion; Wind speed increasing with altitude; and Change of wind direction above the surface Flyrock The issues with flyrock are: - the mandatory requirement for stopping traffic on any road for all blasts less than 500m from the road; - Blasting protocols for blasting near ARTC rails and infrastructure; - Exclusion zones for the evacuation of personnel (determination of the exclusion zone will take into account line of sight and ensure a conservative standoff where line of sight cannot be avoided); Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

23 - Safe clearance distance for mobile plant and fixed infrastructure; - Possible increase in stemming height when blasting near adjoining properties; and - Statutory reporting of any flyrock that lands outside of the exclusion zone. In burden controlled conditions, where a free face is available, the maximum throw in front of the face to a point at the same elevation can be determined using the empirical formula 2, shown below. An alternative predictive formula, formula 3 shown below, can be applied to determine idealized stemming heights for confined blasting scenarios L max = m B 2.6 [2] Where: L max = maximum throw(m) m B = charge mass/meter (kg) = minimum front row burden (m) m Lmax = Sin2 9.8 S. H [3] Where: S.H = minimum stemming height = launch angle from the horizontal plus a collar dispersal allowance of 10 i.e. for vertical holes = 80 Safety factors are then applied to the maximum throw to assist in planning an exclusion zone, to allow for: - the effective burden being reduced by incompetent rock, loose boulders and slabs, cracks etc.; and - inadvertent errors during loading. The safety factors recommended are 2.0 for plant and equipment, and 4.0 for personnel. The recommended minimum exclusion zone for standard blasts is thereby 80m for plant and equipment and 160m for personnel. For blast holes of depths greater than 5 metres, a 5 metre offset from any free faces is adopted to minimise the risk of fly rock. In shallow confined blast scenarios, the stemming height must be a minimum of 10 hole diameters. The shape of the minimum recommended exclusion zone for Open Pit blasts is shown in Figure 5-3. This is a construction based on the observation that the flyrock throw from a face blast is most likely to occur in a 90 o arc in front of the face, and the throw from stemming controlled blasts is most likely to occur in a 90 o arc behind the face. The two arcs are then connected as shown. Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

24 Figure 5-3 Minimum recommended Blast Exclusion Zones The sensitivity to the maximum throw to stemming height variation is shown in Figure 5-4. As the stemming height is reduced below 10 hole diameters (2.3m) there is an increased probability that cratering will occur. If cratering occurs, because of the 45 launch angle, the maximum horizontal throw increases dramatically. A 500m exclusion zone provides considerably greater protection from flyrock if the stemming height is inadvertently reduced to about 1.9m and cratering occurs. Integra has adopted the following conservative Evacuation Zones for its blasting operations: In front of a face blast (direct line of sight) Other directions from blasts 500m 300m Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

25 For pre-split blasts 150m The distances may be varied at the discretion of the Drill and Blast Coordinator or Mine Supervisor. Figure 5-4 The sensitivity of the maximum throw to stemming height The trajectory paths for flyrock resulting from stemming ejection for different stemming heights are shown in Figure 5-5. For blasts on benches below the surface, the trajectory profile is modified by the pit wall, with an effective reduction in horizontal throw behind the face. Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

26 Figure 5-5 Stemming ejection/stemming height relationship Within the pit, the determination of exclusion zones is the responsibility of the Shotfirer, Drill and Blast Supervisor and the Manager of Mining Engineering. The maximum throw distance determinations given herein are intended as a guide to the responsible personnel and do not remove the regulatory responsibilities from mine personnel. Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

27 If blasts are designed with minimum confinement conditions according to the flyrock model, and checks are set in place during loading, there is sufficient separation from houses and infrastructure that flyrock will not be an issue. A 500m exclusion zone requiring traffic to be stopped on any road is very conservative, however may be increased at the instruction of the drill and blast engineer, drill and blast supervisory personnel or shot personnel to ensure where line of sight presents an increased likelihood of flyrock damage Dust and Fumes A concerted effort is being made at Integra to mitigate the amount of fumes generated from a blast. Using the Code of Practice developed by the Australian Explosives Industry and Safety Group Inc. (AEISG), a Blast Fume Management Strategy is attached as Appendix C. Dust and fumes from blasting can affect the underground ventilation system if carried towards the mine vent fans following a blast. The shotfirer must ensure that the wind is not blowing towards the mine fans at the time of the blast. The Drill and Blast Supervisor will be required to consult the mine s weather data system prior to, and up to the time of, the blast and only proceed under favourable conditions. The wind speed is less important than wind direction. A high wind speed may help to disperse the dust and fumes. The worst case for dust control is low wind speed with no specific direction when the plume may drift around for a prolonged period and slowly move towards sensitive receivers. For each blast at the design stage the centroid of the blast will be used to determine a Sensitive Receivers arc for blasting within the South Pit/Western Extension. MGA 56 coordinates and the ensuing Magnetic Correction will be used to determine this arc. The co-ordinates used for the edges of this arc are: E: N: R.L: E: N: R.L: The Magnetic North correction applied is degrees ARTC Rail Lines and Infrastructure Procedure Blasting Adjacent to the Main Northern Railway details the process undertaken by Integra Coal when blasting activities are undertaken within 500 metres of the Main Northern Railway lines. Procedure 2029 is attached as Appendix D Road Closure Procedures Closure of Stoney Creek Road when blasting occurs within 500m of the road is undertaken in accordance with an annual Singleton Shire Council approval and Procedure 2072, Road Closure - North Open Cut. Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

28 Refires or Misfires Where a misfire occurs the shotfirer will seek to address the misfire and refire as soon as is safely possible, as per procedure 2034 Handling Misfires. Figure 5-6 Open Cut Blasting Flowchart Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

29 5.1.2 Design Implementation The blast is drilled and loaded with the checks and balances outlined and the blast scheduled for firing according to the Blast Process Flowchart (Figure 5-6). The blasts are duly fired according to the procedures outlined in Figure 5-6. An essential component of the blast design is monitoring the environmental outcomes, assessment and analysis of the results and a review loop to progressively upgrade and refine the predictive models used in the design, as shown in Figure POSTPONING A BLAST Under weather conditions which are likely to result in unacceptable enhancement of blasting impacts such as elevated overpressure, a blast will be postponed (refer Shotfiring Procedure in Figure 5-6). 5.3 Corrective Measures The blast design based on appropriate site constants and its correct implementation by the shot firing crew is usually effective in controlling ground vibration, air blast and flyrock from blasting operations. The effectiveness of the processes outlined in Figure 5-6in controlling vibrations to comply with regulatory limits is determined by the routine compliance monitoring at the monitoring stations. Observations of flyrock containment and classification of dust and fume behaviour provides a basis for evaluation of the effectiveness of controlling these emissions. The assessment of the emissions is part of the blast assessment process and review loops shown schematically in the Blast Design Procedure in Figure 5-1. Whenever the air blast readings exceed 115 dbl or the ground vibration readings exceed 5 mm/s at any monitor, investigations are conducted to ascertain the cause of the elevated reading. When the air blast reading is in excess of 115 dbl, the following analyses are conducted to establish: If the high reading was a blast event or some other event, such as wind, by examination of the wavetrace record for: - Characteristic air blast wave shape; - Elapsed time between P wave and air blast arrivals; - Blast duration; and - Where in the blast the peak value occurs; Any visible evidence of high velocity gas emissions by examination of video replay; The possible effects of wind using regression analysis to compare airblast levels at wind affected and non-wind affected monitors; Wavefront reinforcement analysis to determine the possible effects of drill pattern and initiation sequence; and Meteorological reinforcement analysis to determine any role of meteorological conditions. Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

30 When the ground vibration exceeds 5 mm/s the following analyses are conducted to determine if the peak value was a form of blast event or some other extraneous vibration source: Examination of the wavetrace for characteristic wave shape and frequency; Time of the trigger; Time of the peak reading relative to the ground vibration arrival; and Wavefront reinforcement analyses. The analyses outlined will determine if the peak readings were the blast event or not. If they were not, predictions can be made of the peak air blast and/or ground vibration. If the peak readings were from the blast, the section of the blast responsible may be identified and the blast design and loading reviewed to ascertain the cause. If the elevated air blast levels were due to deficient blast design and/or loading practices, these can be corrected for future blasts. Observation and characterisation of fume emissions should lead to a correlation to blasting practice, and strategies developed for modification that may lead to mitigation. Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

31 6. C o m p l a i n t s H a n d l i n g Any complaint received relating to blasting issues will be managed in accordance with the Environmental Management Strategy, which is based on the requirements of the site s EPL. Integra periodically receives complaints/concerns from residents in the surrounding area about blasting issues and building damage concerns either directly or via a government agency. The complaint handling process is demonstrated in Figure 6-1. All complaints received at Integra are promptly actioned by management and personal contact with the complainant is made as soon as practicable. Where corrective actions are appropriate, these are undertaken. To overcome the disturbance or 'startling' effect of blasting, a number of residents are notified prior to each blast. Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

32 Figure 6-1 Complaint management process flow chart Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

33 7. R e p o r t i n g a n d R e v i e w 7.1 Reporting Ground vibration and air blast readings in excess of the 10 mm/s / 120 db(l) limit must be reported immediately to both the EPA and Department of Planning & Infrastructure (DP&I) followed by a report of the investigation into the causes of the exceedence. Blast results and interpretations will be reported internally after each blast, summarised monthly and included in the Annual Report (AR). The Monthly and Annual reports will include: - No. of blasts fired - No. of vibration measurements at each monitoring station - No. of blasts 5 mm/s 115 dbl - No. of exceedences 10 mm/s 120 dbl The AR will provide a summary of complaints, the concerns and complaints received, plan showing the complaint locations and remedial action taken. A copy of the AR will be forwarded to relevant stakeholders including, but not limited to, Department of Trade and Investment, Regional Infrastructure and Services (DTIRIS) NSW EPA and DP&I. Integra is reviewing the presentation of monitoring data it has collected and analysed on its website, with the intention of making the site more informative and user-friendly from a community perspective. It is anticipated that the review will be completed by June 30, Plan Reviews The review of this document will be in line with the Environmental Management Strategy for the Complex. That is, reviews will be conducted every three years, after independent environmental audits, and as required by relevant Project Approval requirements. The purpose of the review is to ensure that the BMP remains suitable, adequate and effective. The monitoring data will be reviewed as it is collected and at strategic milestones in the mine life, including annual (AR) reporting periods. The BMP will be modified as required to reflect changes to mine plans, monitoring results or in response to stakeholder comments. Any modifications will be made in consultation with OEH and approved by the DP&I. Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

34 8. R e f e r e n c e s Australian Coal Association Research Project (2002), Project C9040, Structure Response to Blast Vibration Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

35 9. G l o s s a r y TERM AEISG ARTC Authorised Person OC DEFINITION Australian Explosive Industry and Safety Group (Inc) Australian Rail Track Corporation Person appointed in writing by the Open Cut Mine Manager to carry out specific duties under the Shotfiring and Explosives Management System. Approved Has the meaning in the Coal Mines Regulation Act 1982 (Approved by the Chief Inspector. This could apply to use of nonpermitted explosives) Blasting Operations Include: - Priming a cartridge; - Charging and stemming a hole; - Connecting the detonator into a round of shots; - Coupling a shotfiring cable or lead-in line into a detonator circuit, circuit tester or exploder; - Testing a shotfiring circuit; or - Firing a shot or round of shots Burden Competent Person (CP) Danger Zone Exploder Explosive ICOL ICU The distance between a blast hole and a free face, or the distance between rows of holes in a blast pattern. Person appointed in writing by the Open Cut Mine Manager to carry out specific duties under the Shotfiring and Explosives Management System. An area in which a person may be injured or machinery may sustain damage as a result of shot firing activities. Any electrical apparatus approved for the purpose of initiating detonators in a mine. Includes detonation cord, detonators, relays, signal tubes, signal tube starters, primed cartridge or similar devices. Integra Coal Operations Pty Ltd Integra Underground Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

36 Misfire An occurrence where: - Testing before firing a shot reveals broken continuity which cannot be rectified; or - Any shot, or whole or part of a round, fails to explode when an attempt is made to fire it. Shot Shotfirer Spacing Stemming Height Stemming Material Underground Sentry Underground Surface Underground Surface Attendant Underground Workings A charge of explosive (in a cartridge) placed in a shot hole in coal or other rock (or stone) for the purpose of breaking the coal or rock (or Stone). A person appointed by Mine Management to conduct shotfiring as part of the Shotfiring and Explosives Management System. The distance between holes in a row of holes in a blast pattern. The appropriate length of stemming material loaded on top of the explosive column in a blast hole to control fly rock and limit air blast. Inert coarse material, such as crushed gravel about 1/10 th hole diameter, loaded into the blast hole to confine the gaseous energy and prevent it from venting into the atmosphere. Person appointed competent by the underground mine manager to act as a sentry for the underground during shot firing. The area in which the Underground mine manager is statutorily responsible. Person trained and appointed competent by the underground mine manager to carry out all required surface duties. All workings underground accessed from the Underground pit portals. The Underground mine manager is statutorily responsible for this area. Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

37 APPENDIX A - APPROVAL CONDITIONS AND EA COMMITMENTS Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

38 Table A1 BMP Approval Conditions and EA Commitments Where They Are Addressed in the Approval Condition Blasting Criteria 11. The Proponent shall ensure that the blasting on site does not cause exceedances of the criteria in Table 9 (below). Receiver Airblast Overpressure (db(lin Peak)) Ground Vibration (ppv(mm/s)) Allowable Exceedance 1.4 (p. 6) BMP Reference , Table 1-2(p.19) Residence on privately-owned land Main Northern Railway culverts and bridges All public infrastructure % of the total number of blasts over a period of 12 months % % However, these criteria do not apply if the Proponent has a written agreement with the relevant landowner or infrastructure owner to exceed the criteria, and the Proponent has advised the Department in writing of the terms of this agreement. Blasting Hours 12. The Proponent shall only carry out blasting on site between 9am and 5pm Monday to Saturday inclusive. No blasting is allowed on Sundays, public holidays, or at any other time without the written approval of the Director-General. 1.4 (p. 6) Blasting Frequency 13. The Proponent shall not carry out more than: (a) 1 blast a day in the northern mining area unless an additional blast is required following a blast misfire; (b) 2 blasts a day in the existing Camberwell south pit, and then 1 blast a day when the mining moves from this pit into the western mining area unless an additional blast is required following a blast misfire; and (c) 10 blasts a week on site, averaged over any 12 month period. 1.4 (p. 6) Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

39 Property Inspections 14. If the Proponent receives a written request from the owner of any privatelyowned land within 2 kilometres of the approved open cut mining pits on site for a property inspection to establish the baseline condition of any buildings and/or structures on his/her land. Or to have a previous property inspection report updated, then within 2 months of receiving this request the Proponent shall: (a) commission a suitably qualified, experienced and independent person, whose appointment has been approved by the Director-General to: establish the baseline condition of the buildings and/or structures on the land or update the previous property inspection report; and identify any measures that should be implemented to minimise the potential blasting impacts of the projects on these buildings and/or structures; and (b) give the landowner a copy of the new or updated property inspection report. Property Investigations 15. If any landowner of privately-owned land within 2 kilometres of any approved open cut mining pit on site claims that the buildings and/or structures on his/her land have been damaged as a result of blasting on site, then within 2 months of receiving this request the Proponent shall: (a) commission a suitably qualified, experienced and independent person, whose appointment has been approved by the Director-General, to investigate the claim; and (b) give the landowner a copy of the property investigation report. If this independent property investigation confirms the landowner's claim, and both parties agree with these findings, then the Proponent shall repair the damages to the satisfaction of the Director-General. If the Proponent or landowner disagrees with the findings of the independent property investigation, then either party may refer the matter to the Director- General for resolution. 1.4 (p. 8-9) 1.4 (p. 8-9) Operating Conditions 16. The Proponent shall: (a) implement best blasting management practice on site to: protect the safety of people and livestock in the surrounding area; protect private or public property in the surrounding area; minimise the dust and fume emissions of the blasting; and (b) co-ordinate the blasting on site with the blasting at nearby mines (including Ashton, Rix s Creek and Mt Owen mine) to minimise the cumulative blasting impacts of the mines; (c operate a suitable system to enable the public to get up-to-date information on the proposed blasting schedule on site, to the satisfaction of the Director-General. 17. The Proponent shall not undertake blasting within 500 metres of: (a) Middle Falbrook Road or Stony Creek Road without the approval of Council; 1.4 (p. 8-9) Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

40 (b) the New England Highway without the approval of the RMS; and(c) the Main Northern Railway without the approval of the ARTC. 18. The Proponent shall not carry out blasting in the northern or western mining areas that is within 500 metres of any privately-owned land or land not owned by the Proponent unless: (a) the Proponent has a written agreement with the relevant landowner to allow blasting to be carried out closer to the land, and the Proponent has advised the Department in writing of the terms of this agreement; or (b) the Proponent has: demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Director-General that the blasting can be carried out without compromising the safety of the people or livestock on the land, or damaging the buildings and/or structures on the land; and updated the Blast Management Plan to include the specific measures that would be implemented while blasting is being carried out within 500 metres of the land. Blast Management Plan 19. The Proponent shall prepare and implement a Blast Management Plan for the open cut mining operations on site to the satisfaction of the Director-General. This plan must: (a) be prepared in consultation with DECCW, and submitted to the Director- General for approval by the end of March 2011; (b) describe the blast mitigation measures that would be implemented to ensure compliance with the relevant condition of this approval; (c) describe the measures that would be implemented to ensure that the public can get up-to-date information on the proposed blasting schedule on site; (d) include a blast monitoring program to evaluate the performance of the project; and (e) include a protocol that has been prepared in consultation with the owners of the nearby mines for minimising and managing the cumulative blasting impacts of the mines. EA Commitments G8 Continued implementation of the existing Explosive Hazard Management Plan to ensure the safety of employees and the public during explosives handling and blasting operations G9 Restrict blasting to between the hours of 9.00am and 5.00pm Monday to Saturday, unless blasts outside this time are required for misfire re-blast, emergency or safety reasons. G10 Blast design and implementation to be undertaken by a suitably qualified blasting engineer and/or experienced shot-firer to ensure ANZEC Guidelines are met at all non-project related residences surrounding the Open Cut Project Area. G11 Refine blast mitigation measures and operating procedures as required based on monitoring results. 1.4 (p. 8-9) BMP Reference Refer to Integra Explosives Hazard Management Plan 1.4 (p. 8) Table 3-1(pp ); Table 5-1(p.16) 5.3 (p. 30) Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

41 G12 Provide notification on the morning prior to a blast of blast times to local residents and others who request to be included on the notification list. G13 Use aggregate as the stemminq material (not drill dust) in order to fully contain the explosives within the blasthole. G14 In the case of the Part Pit Extent (ie. Integra is unable to acquire Residence 153 or negotiate an agreement with the owner) blasting will not be undertaken within a 500m Exclusion Zone surrounding the 'Dulwich' residence and 200m from the property boundary until such time that it can demonstrate to the Director- General that blasting can be undertaken without an unacceptable risk to the resident, residents, their stock or residence. 5.1, Table 3-1(p. 16) (p.21) Conditions for Western Extension Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

42 Blast Management Plan APPENDIX B - UNDERGROUND TARP TRIGGER ACTION/PROCEDURE Blast location with: Mining operations normal - Vibration predicted to be less than 10mm/s at portals. Blast location with: - Wind blowing from blast location towards U/G portals, and/or - Vibration predicted to be greater than 10mm/sec at portals Blast location with: - Wind blowing from blast location away from U/G portals, and - Vibration is predicted to be greater than 10mm/sec at portals. Evacuation for shot duration procedure Evacuate surface personnel Procedure to remain underground during shot with portal access control Evacuate surface personnel Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

43 Blast Management Plan APPENDIX C - BLAST FUME MANAGEMENT STRATEGY Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

44 Blast Management Plan 10. B l a s t F u m e M a n a g e m e n t S t r a t e g y This document has been prepared to provide a protocol for the mitigation and management of post blast oxides of nitrogen (NOx) fumes from Vale blasting operations. This protocol provides the basis on which to make blasting decisions to minimise the occurrence and severity of post blast fume events by: Identifying areas within Vale Operations which may be susceptible to fume formation; and Identifying products that may contribute to fume production Blast Fume All blasting explosives produce large volumes of gas at high pressure (giga pascalls) in very short time spans (milliseconds). The application of ammonium nitrate based blasting explosives in the field, under variable conditions, can lead to non-ideal explosive reactions and the production of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ). Nitric oxide is unstable in air and readily oxidises to nitrogen dioxide. Nitrogen dioxide is identifiable as orange/brown clouds CAUSES OF BLAST FUME Fumes are generated as a result of an explosive not reacting to produce a full high order, steady state detonation. The causes of this are many and variable, but result from fuel deficiencies (hydro carbon) or incomplete detonation due to an imbalance in the chemical reaction. This protocol enables grouping of causes into categories and further identifies controls that are best able to control the variable. The seven main categories that contribute to post blast fume are listed below in the order in which they are encountered in the mining process: 1. Explosive formulation and quality assurance; 2. Geological Conditions; 3. Climate/seasonality; 4. Blast design; 5. Explosive product selection; 6. Contamination of explosive in the blast-hole; and 7. On-bench practices CODE OF PRACTICE: PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF BLAST GENERATED NOX GASES IN SURFACE BLASTING The Australian Explosives Industry and Safety Group (AEISG) published the Code of Practice: Prevention and Management of Blast Generated NOx Gases in Surface Blasting. The Code discusses the background, cause, mitigatory measures and leading practice in blast fume Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

45 Blast Management Plan management. The Code forms the basis for site fume management protocol, which utilises the document as a working reference BLAST FUME RATING Blast fume rating is conducted in accordance with the AEISG Code Appendix 2: Visual NOx Gases Rating Scale, as shown in Figure Figure 10-1 AEISG Fume rating scale BLAST FUME RECORDING Blast fume ratings are captured in two methods: Filming the blast Shotfirer s report Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

46 Blast Management Plan Where it is safe to do so, a manned video camera is used to film every blast initiated on site regardless of prospective fume make. The blast event is to be captured with the focus of the video tracking any fume or dust make. Filming must continue at least one minute after the blast event, and continue filming should the fume rate equal to or greater than 2, or if the fume leaves site. The blast video is to be stored onsite for at least 1 year BLAST FUME REVIEW AND MITIGATION To ensure consistent, leading industry practice with regard to fume management and mitigation, Chapter 5 of the Code is utilised. The code is available to all site personnel and contractors, and is included below. Each blast design will consider the historical performance of blast fume events and mitigation measures undertaken according to the Code Blast Fume Management Strategy A specific plan is to be developed for the management of fume. Correspondence dated 23/08/2012 from the Department of Planning and Infrastructure requests the development of a Blast Fume Management Strategy (BFMS), to be submitted no later than the 23/11/2012. The Blast Fume Management Strategy is to consider: Geology Meteorological conditions Blast design Product selection, Quality and Blast Crew Education On Bench practices Emergency response procedures The Blast Fume Management Strategy is currently under development, and is to be submitted in accordance with the conditions listed above. When approved, it is to be annexed into this document. Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

47 Blast Management Plan APPENDIX D PRO_2029 BLASTING ADJACENT TO MAIN NORTHERN RAILWAY Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

48 Blast Management Plan Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

49 Blast Management Plan Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

50 Blast Management Plan Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

51 Blast Management Plan Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

52 Blast Management Plan Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

53 Blast Management Plan Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54

54 Blast Management Plan Environmental Advisor 00 25/07/ /07/ of 54