Prognostic and Predictive Factors in Breast Cancer Kyle T. Bradley, MD, MS CAP Cancer Committee
|
|
- Rosanna Randall
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Prognostic and Predictive Factors in Breast Cancer Kyle T. Bradley, MD, MS CAP Cancer Committee Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in American women and is second only to lung cancer as a cause of cancer-related mortality. 1 During the past two decades the mortality rate has declined significantly, primarily due to the early use of adjuvant systemic therapy as well as detection of earlier stage tumors due to increased screening. 1,2 The mainstay of treatment for patients with localized disease is surgical excision and staging axillary lymph node evaluation with or without radiation therapy. Some patients receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy or hormonal therapy prior to definitive excision of the tumor. Other treatment options include adjuvant chemotherapy, hormonal therapy or monoclonal antibody therapy with a primary goal of eliminating or delaying the subsequent appearance of clinically occult micrometastases. Prognostic and predictive factors are universally utilized in the management of breast cancer and can be used to stratify patients into two groups: (1) those who are expected to derive the most benefit from adjuvant systemic therapy, which includes all patients with lymph node metastases and a subset of node-negative patients, and (2) those for which the risks and costs of adjuvant therapy outweigh the expected benefit. 3 In this context, prognostic factors should be distinguished from predictive factors. A prognostic factor may be defined as a measurable variable that correlates with the Breast cancer prognostic factors Axillary lymph node status Tumor size Lymphatic/vascular invasion Patient age Histologic grade Histologic subtypes (eg, tubular, colloid [mucinous], papillary) Response to neoadjuvant therapy Estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor status Her2/neu gene amplification and/or overexpression Breast cancer predictive factors Estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor status Her2/neu gene amplification and/or overexpression Potential additional prognostic/predictive factors Gene expression profile upa/pai-1 overexpression Bone marrow micrometastasis p53 gene analysis Cathepsin D level Microvessel density DNA ploidy analysis natural history of the disease. In contrast, a predictive factor is one that is associated with response to a given therapy. Some factors, such as estrogen
2 receptor/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) status and HER2/neu gene amplification and/or overexpression, are both prognostic and predictive. The most significant prognostic factor in breast cancer is the presence or absence of axillary lymph node involvement, 4 which is usually assessed at the time of surgery using sentinel lymph node biopsy or axillary dissection. Macrometastases (>0.2 cm in size) have clearly been shown to have prognostic significance. Smaller metastases (i.e., micrometastases and isolated tumor cells) have not been shown to have prognostic significance when the initial processing of lymph nodes has been controlled and all macrometastases detected. The value of serial sections and/or immunohistochemistry to detect these small metastases remains under investigation. The vast majority of patients found to have lymph node metastases are candidates for adjuvant systemic therapy. However, determining which nodenegative patients should receive adjuvant therapy is challenging, particularly because the majority are cured by surgical excision alone. The benefit to those patients who are destined to relapse is minimal, and the costs and toxicities of the treatments are significant. Thus, node-negative patients require further stratification using additional prognostic and predictive factors. Tumor size has long been recognized as an independent prognostic factor and as a predictor of axillary node status, with larger tumors being associated with a worse prognosis and an increased likelihood of nodal metastasis. 4 Additional established prognostic factors include lymphatic/vascular invasion, patient age and histologic grade of the tumor. Certain histologic subtypes of breast cancer are generally associated with a favorable prognosis, including tubular, colloid (mucinous) and papillary carcinoma. The proliferation rate of the tumor as determined by the mitotic count is also of prognostic importance, but this information is included as a component of the tumor grade. Other methods for determining tumor proliferation (e.g., thymidine labeling index, Ki-67 immunostaining or determination of the S-phase fraction by flow cytometry) likely do not add additional prognostic information. Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and hormonal therapy has been shown to be a strong prognostic factor, and has the added benefit of providing a short-term endpoint for the rapid evaluation of treatment protocols. 5-7 Determining patient response to neoadjuvant therapy is best achieved using pathologic evaluation of the post-treatment specimen. Multiple scoring systems have been devised to evaluate tumor response. Factors that may have prognostic impact but are not routinely used in clinical practice include overexpression of urokinase plasminogen activator (upa) and its inhibitor PAI-1, 8 detection of bone marrow micrometastases at the time of diagnosis, 9 p53 gene analysis, markers of invasion (e.g., levels of the proteolytic enzyme cathepsin D), markers of angiogenesis (e.g., microvessel density as detected by immunohistochemistry) and DNA ploidy analysis. 3,10 Another newly
3 identified potential prognostic factor is the tumor gene expression profile. Molecular assays have been developed to analyze patterns of gene expression by individual tumors, and this has been shown to be useful both as a predictor of response to chemotherapy and as a prognostic factor for clinical outcome, particularly in patients with early stage, node-negative disease. 11,12 All cases of invasive breast carcinoma are evaluated for ER/PR status using immunohistochemistry, which has both predictive and prognostic value. The presence of hormone receptors is a powerful predictive factor for the likelihood of benefit from adjuvant hormonal therapy including aromatase inhibitors (e.g., anastrozole, letrozole) and tamoxifen, an oral selective estrogen receptor modulator As a prognostic factor, ER and/or PR positivity is associated with reduced mortality compared to women with ER and/or PR negative disease. 16 However, the percentage of immunohistochemically positive tumor cells used to classify a tumor as ER or PR positive varies among institutions. Studies support that carcinomas with >1% ER positive cells have better survival rates compared to carcinomas that are completely devoid of ER. 17,18 The HER2/neu (ERBB2) oncogene is amplified and/or overexpressed in approximately 20% of breast cancers, and is a strong prognostic factor for relapse and poor overall survival, particularly in node-positive patients. 19,20 Amplification and/or overexpression of the HER2/neu gene is routinely evaluated, using immunohistochemistry and/or fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH), in all cases of invasive breast carcinoma, although variability in testing remains a major issue with both methodologies. The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and the College of American Pathologists (CAP) recently published a clinical practice guideline on improving the accuracy of HER2 testing for breast cancer patients. 21 As a predictive factor, HER2/neu status strongly predicts response to treatment with the anti-her2 monoclonal antibody trastuzumab, 22 and may be predictive of resistance to alkylator-based chemotherapy, the need for higher dose chemotherapy, benefit from adjuvant anthracyclines and tamoxifen resistance. 3 In summary, several well-established prognostic and predictive factors are universally used to guide the clinical management of women with breast cancer. Despite the success of these markers, difficulties remain in accurately identifying those patients who are best suited for adjuvant systemic therapy, particularly among women with early stage disease. Numerous additional factors are currently under investigation, and some show great promise in improving our ability to predict patient prognosis and response to therapy. Acknowledgement: I would like to thank Susan C. Lester, MD, PhD, for reviewing this article and providing excellent suggestions for improvement.
4 References 1. Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, et al. Cancer statistics, CA Cancer J Clin. 2007;57(1): Jatoi I, Miller AB. Why is breast-cancer mortality declining? Lancet Oncol. 2003;4(4): Cianfrocca M, Goldstein LJ. Prognostic and predictive factors in early-stage breast cancer. Oncologist. 2004;9(6): Carter CL, Allen C, Henson DE. Relation of tumor size, lymph node status, and survival in 24,740 breast cancer cases. Cancer. 1989;63(1): Carey LA, Metzger R, Dees EC, et al. American Joint Committee on Cancer tumor-node-metastasis stage after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and breast cancer outcome. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005;97(15): Abrial SC, Penault-Llorca F, Delva R, et al. High prognostic significance of residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a retrospective study in 710 patients with operable breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2005;94(3): Ogston KN, Miller ID, Payne S, et al. A new histological grading system to assess response of breast cancers to primary chemotherapy: prognostic significance and survival. Breast. 2003;12(5): Look M, van Putten W, Duffy M, et al. Pooled analysis of prognostic impact of upa and PAI-1 in breast cancer patients. Thromb Haemost. 2003;90(3): Braun S, Vogl FD, Naume B, et al. A pooled analysis of bone marrow micrometastasis in breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2005;353(8): Masood S. Prognostic/predictive factors in breast cancer. Clin Lab Med. 2005;25(4):809 25, viii. 11. Paik S, Shak S, Tang G, et al. A multigene assay to predict recurrence of tamoxifen-treated, node-negative breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2004; 351(27): van 't Veer LJ, Dai H, van de Vijver MJ, et al. Gene expression profiling predicts clinical outcome of breast cancer. Nature. 2002;415(6871): Fisher B, Jeong JH, Bryant J, et al. Treatment of lymph-node-negative, oestrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer: long-term findings from National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project randomised clinical trials. Lancet. 2004;364(9437): Winer EP, Hudis C, Burstein HJ, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology technology assessment on the use of aromatase inhibitors as adjuvant therapy for postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer: status report, J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(3): Tamoxifen for early breast cancer: an overview of the randomised trials. Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group. Lancet. 1998;351(9114): Fisher B, Redmond C, Fisher ER, Caplan R. Relative worth of estrogen or progesterone receptor and pathologic characteristics of differentiation as
5 indicators of prognosis in node negative breast cancer patients: findings from National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Protocol B-06. J Clin Oncol. 1988;6(7): Cheang MC, Treaba DO, Speers CH, et al. Immunohistochemical detection using the new rabbit monoclonal antibody SP1 of estrogen receptor in breast cancer is superior to mouse monoclonal antibody 1D5 in predicting survival. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(36): Harvey JM, Clark GM, Osborne CK, Allred DC. Estrogen receptor status by immunohistochemistry is superior to the ligand-binding assay for predicting response to adjuvant endocrine therapy in breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 1999;17(5): Slamon DJ, Clark GM, Wong SG, et al. Human breast cancer: correlation of relapse and survival with amplification of the HER-2/neu oncogene. Science. 1987;235(4785): Borg A, Tandon AK, Sigurdsson H, et al. HER-2/neu amplification predicts poor survival in node-positive breast cancer. Cancer Res. 1990;50(14): Wolff AC, Hammond MEH, Schwartz JN, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists Guideline Recommendations for Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Testing in Breast Cancer. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2007; 131(1): Slamon DJ, Leyland-Jones B, Shak S, et al. Use of chemotherapy plus a monoclonal antibody against HER2 for metastatic breast cancer that overexpresses HER2. N Engl J Med. 2001; 344(11):
Description of Procedure or Service. assays_of_genetic_expression_to_determine_prognosis_of_breast_cancer 11/2004 3/2015 3/2016 3/2015
Corporate Medical Policy Assays of Genetic Expression to Determine Prognosis of Breast File Name: Origination: Last CAP Review: Next CAP Review: Last Review: assays_of_genetic_expression_to_determine_prognosis_of_breast_cancer
More informationPrognostic and Predictive Factors in Oncology. Mustafa Benekli, M.D.
Prognostic and Predictive Factors in Oncology Mustafa Benekli, M.D. NCI Definitions ESMO Course -Essentials of Medical Oncology -Istanbul 2 Prognostic factor: NCI Definition A situation or condition, or
More informationOne of the most mature trials that examined PROCEEDINGS. Hormone Therapy in Postmenopausal Women With Breast Cancer * William J.
Hormone Therapy in Postmenopausal Women With Breast Cancer * William J. Gradishar, MD ABSTRACT *Based on a presentation given by Dr Gradishar at a roundtable symposium held in Baltimore on June 28, 25.
More informationPathologic Assessment Of The Breast And Axilla After Preoperative Therapy
Pathologic Assessment Of The Breast And Axilla After Preoperative Therapy W. Fraser Symmans, M.D. Associate Professor of Pathology UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Pathologic Complete Response (pcr) Proof
More informationGUIDELINES ADJUVANT SYSTEMIC BREAST CANCER
GUIDELINES ADJUVANT SYSTEMIC BREAST CANCER Author: Dr Susan O Reilly On behalf of the Breast CNG Written: December 2008 Agreed at CNG: June 2009 & June 2010 Review due: June 2011 Guidelines Adjuvant Systemic
More informationAdjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer: Questions and Answers
CANCER FACTS N a t i o n a l C a n c e r I n s t i t u t e N a t i o n a l I n s t i t u t e s o f H e a l t h D e p a r t m e n t o f H e a l t h a n d H u m a n S e r v i c e s Adjuvant Therapy for Breast
More informationAbstract Introduction. Aim of the study. Conclusion. Patients and methods. Keywords. Results. R. Abo El Hassan 1, M. Moneer 2
Original Study Outcome of HER2 positive luminal operable breast cancer in comparison with outcome of other operable luminal breast cancer patients: Long follow-up of single center randomized study R. Abo
More informationEffects of Herceptin on circulating tumor cells in HER2 positive early breast cancer
Effects of Herceptin on circulating tumor cells in HER2 positive early breast cancer J.-L. Zhang, Q. Yao, J.-H. Chen,Y. Wang, H. Wang, Q. Fan, R. Ling, J. Yi and L. Wang Xijing Hospital Vascular Endocrine
More informationBreast Cancer Educational Program. June 5-6, 2015
Breast Cancer Educational Program June 5-6, 2015 Adjuvant Systemic Therapy For Early Breast Cancer: Who, What and for How Long? Debjani Grenier MD, FRCPC Medical Oncologist Disclosures Advisory Board Member:
More informationHAVE YOU BEEN NEWLY DIAGNOSED with DCIS?
HAVE YOU BEEN NEWLY DIAGNOSED with DCIS? Jen D. Mother and volunteer. Diagnosed with DCIS breast cancer in 2012. An educational guide prepared by Genomic Health This guide is designed to educate women
More informationBreast Cancer Treatment Guidelines
Breast Cancer Treatment Guidelines DCIS Stage 0 TisN0M0 Tamoxifen for 5 years for patients with ER positive tumors treated with: -Breast conservative therapy (lumpectomy) and radiation therapy -Excision
More informationAppendix One. HER2-positive early breast cancer, its treatment and prognosis
Appendix One. HER2-positive early breast cancer, its treatment and prognosis Breast cancer and HER2/neu over-expression Health need is one of PHARMAC s nine decision criteria (http://www.pharmac.govt.nz/pdf/231205.pdf
More informationCellular, Molecular, and Biochemical Targets in Breast Cancer
Cellular, Molecular, and Biochemical Targets in Breast Cancer Kristy Kummerow Ingrid Meszoely December 12, 2012 VUMC Resident Bonus Conference One size fits all surgical treatment of breast cancer Wilhelm
More informationAccess to hormone receptor testing and other basic diagnostic pathology services in Colombia
Access to hormone receptor testing and other basic diagnostic pathology services in Colombia Dr Fernando Perry Clínica de seno y tejidos blandos Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia Breast cancer
More informationChemotherapy or Not? Anthracycline or Not? Taxane or Not? Does Density Matter? Chemotherapy in Luminal Breast Cancer: Choice of Regimen.
Chemotherapy in Luminal Breast Cancer: Choice of Regimen Andrew D. Seidman, MD Attending Physician Breast Cancer Medicine Service Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Professor of Medicine Weill Cornell
More informationEffect of Chemotherapy for Luminal A Breast Cancer
Yonago Acta medica 2013;56:51 56 Original Article Effect of Chemotherapy for Luminal A Breast Cancer Naotaka Uchida,* Takako Suda and Kiyosuke Ishiguro *Clinic of Surgery, Tottori Prefectural Kosei Hospital,
More informationGemcitabine, Paclitaxel, and Trastuzumab in Metastatic Breast Cancer
Gemcitabine, Paclitaxel, and Trastuzumab in Metastatic Breast Cancer Review Article [1] December 01, 2003 By George W. Sledge, Jr, MD [2] Gemcitabine (Gemzar) and paclitaxel show good activity as single
More informationAdjuvant treatment of breast cancer patients with trastuzumab
doi:10.2478/v10019-007-0020-y review Adjuvant treatment of breast cancer patients with trastuzumab Erika Matos, Tanja Čufer Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Department of Medical Oncology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
More informationAIDS IN IDENTIFYING CANDIDATES FOR HER2-TARGETED THERAPY
AIDS IN IDENTIFYING CANDIDATES FOR HER2-TARGETED THERAPY THE HERMARK BREAST CANCER ASSAY HERmark is based on our proprietary VeraTag technology that precisely quantifies HER2 proteins and protein complexes
More informationHER2 overexpression of breast cancers in Hong Kong: prevalence and concordance between immunohistochemistry and in-situ hybridisation assays
O R I G I N A L A R T I C L E HER2 overexpression of breast cancers in Hong Kong: prevalence and concordance between immunohistochemistry and in-situ hybridisation assays TK Yau H Sze Inda S Soong F Hioe
More informationPatient Guide to Breast Cancer Surgery and Treatment
Patient Guide to Breast Cancer Surgery and Treatment Coree H. Flight attendant and mother of 3. Diagnosed with invasive breast cancer in 2009. An educational guide prepared by Genomic Health This Is Your
More informationReceptor conversion in distant breast cancer metastases. Breast cancer metastases: A spitting image of their primary?
Receptor conversion in distant breast cancer metastases Breast cancer metastases: A spitting image of their primary? Introduction Breast cancer is the leading cause of female cancer death worldwide (13,000
More informationNancy E. Davidson, MD Johns Hopkins University. Breast Cancer
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License. Your use of this material constitutes acceptance of that license and the conditions of use of materials on this
More informationEpidemiology. Breast Cancer Screening, Diagnosis, Biology and Long-Term Follow-Up EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES
Cancer Treatment Centers of America Breast Cancer: Screening, Diagnosis, Biology and Long-Term Follow-Up Presented to: Atlantic Regional Osteopathic Conference Presented by: Pamela Crilley, DO Date: April
More informationHow To Use A Breast Cancer Test To Help You Choose Chemotherapy
Gene expression profiling and expanded immunohistochemistry tests for guiding adjuvant chemotherapy decisions in early breast cancer management: MammaPrint, Oncotype DX, IHC4 and Mammostrat Issued: September
More informationPATHOLOGY. HercepTestTM. Product Information
PATHOLOGY HercepTestTM Product Information CLINICAL TRIALS HercepTest The First and Foremost Dako s pharmdx HercepTest was the first FDA-approved assay developed exclusively to aid physicians in identifying
More informationChanges in Breast Cancer Reports After Second Opinion. Dr. Vicente Marco Department of Pathology Hospital Quiron Barcelona. Spain
Changes in Breast Cancer Reports After Second Opinion Dr. Vicente Marco Department of Pathology Hospital Quiron Barcelona. Spain Second Opinion in Breast Pathology Usually requested when a patient is referred
More informationBreast Cancer - Do You Know the Race of Her2?
DOI 10.1186/s40064-015-1538-x RESEARCH Open Access Her2 positivity and race predict higher mastectomy rates: a SEER database analysis Theresa L. Schwartz 1, Jula Veerapong 1 and Leslie Hinyard 2* Abstract
More informationTargeted Therapy What the Surgeon Needs to Know
Targeted Therapy What the Surgeon Needs to Know AATS Focus in Thoracic Surgery 2014 David R. Jones, M.D. Professor & Chief, Thoracic Surgery Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center I have no disclosures
More informationProportion of patients with invasive breast cancer in whom ER, PR and/or
1.1.a. Proportion of patients with invasive breast cancer in whom ER, PR and/or HER2 status assessment were performed 1.1.b. Proportion of patients with invasive breast cancer in whom systemic treatment
More informationBreast Cancer. Abstract. Keywords. Development of the 21-gene Assay Oncotype DX
Evolution of the 21-gene Assay Oncotype DX from an Experimental Assay to an Instrument Assisting in Risk Prediction and Optimisation of Treatment Decision-making in Early Breast Cancer Christian Jackisch,
More informationUnderstanding your pathology report
Understanding your pathology report 2 Contents Contents Introduction 3 What is a pathology report? 3 Waiting for your results 4 What s in a pathology report? 4 Information about your breast cancer 5 What
More informationWhat is New in Oncology. Michael J Messino, MD Cancer Care of WNC An affiliate of Mission hospitals
What is New in Oncology Michael J Messino, MD Cancer Care of WNC An affiliate of Mission hospitals Personalized Medicine Personalized Genomics Genomic Medicine Precision Medicine Definition Application
More informationLocal Coverage Determination (LCD): MolDX: Breast Cancer Assay: Prosigna (L36125)
Local Coverage Determination (LCD): MolDX: Breast Cancer Assay: Prosigna (L36125) Contractor Information Contractor Name Palmetto GBA LCD Information Document Information LCD ID L36125 Original ICD-9 LCD
More informationMale breast cancer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
pagina 1 van 5 Male breast cancer From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Male breast cancer is a relatively rare cancer in men that originates from the breast. As it presents a similar pathology as female
More informationMEDICAL POLICY EFFECTIVE DATE: 07/20/06 REVISED DATE: 10/18/07, 10/23/08, 10/29/09, 10/28/10, 03/17/11, 02/16/12, 01/17/13, 01/16/14
MEDICAL POLICY SUBJECT: HER-2 TESTING IN INVASIVE BREAST OR PAGE: 1 OF: 6 If the member's subscriber contract excludes coverage for a specific service it is not covered under that contract. In such cases,
More informationSentinel Lymph Node Mapping for Endometrial Cancer. Locke Uppendahl, MD Grand Rounds
Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping for Endometrial Cancer Locke Uppendahl, MD Grand Rounds Endometrial Cancer Most common gynecologic malignancy in US estimated 52,630 new cases in 2014 estimated 8,590 deaths
More informationBreast Cancer. The Pathology report gives an outline on direction of treatment. It tells multiple stories to help us understand the patient s cancer.
Breast Cancer What Does the Pathology Report Say Normal Cells The Pathology report gives an outline on direction of treatment. It tells multiple stories to help us understand the patient s cancer. Non-Invasive
More informationYour Guide to the Breast Cancer Pathology Report
Your Guide to the Breast Cancer Pathology Report Developed for you by Breastcancer.org is a nonprofit organization dedicated to providing education and information on breast health and breast cancer. The
More informationComplimentary CME. Metastatic Breast Cancer: Monitoring Soluble HER2 Levels
Complimentary CME Metastatic Breast Cancer: Monitoring Soluble HER2 Levels Program Description HER2/neu-positive tumors account for approximately 20% of all breast cancers and these tumors carry poor prognosis.
More informationBreast and Lung Cancer Biomarker Research at ASCO: Changing Treatment Patterns
July 2013 Edition Vol. 7, Issue 7 Breast and Lung Cancer Biomarker Research at ASCO: Changing Treatment Patterns By Julie Katz, MPH, MPhil Biomarkers played a prominent role in the research presented in
More informationCorporate Medical Policy
Corporate Medical Policy Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine (Trastuzumab-DM1) for Treatment of File Name: Origination: Last CAP Review: Next CAP Review: Last Review: ado_trastuzumab_emtansine_(trastuzumab-dm1)_for_treatment_of_her-2_positivemalignancies
More informationManagement of Postmenopausal Women with T1 ER+ Tumors: Options and Tradeoffs. Case Study. Surgery. Lumpectomy and Radiation
Management of Postmenopausal Women with T1 ER+ Tumors: Options and Tradeoffs Michael Alvarado, MD Associate Professor of Surgery University of California San Francisco Case Study 59 yo woman with new palpable
More informationImpact of radiation therapy on survival in patients with triple negative breast cancer
548 Impact of radiation therapy on survival in patients with triple negative breast cancer LAUREN T. STEWARD 1, FENG GAO 2, MARIE A. TAYLOR 3 and JULIE A. MARGENTHALER 1 1 Department of Surgery; 2 Division
More informationNew Treatment Advances for Breast Cancer
New Treatment Advances for Breast Cancer Guest Expert: Lyndsay, MD Director of the Yale Cancer Center Breast Cancer Program Gina ng, MD www.wnpr.org www.yalecancercenter.org Welcome to Yale Cancer Center
More informationControversies in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer: new adjuvant endocrine treatment strategies
Annals of Oncology 15 (Supplement 4): iv23 iv29, 2004 doi:10.1093/annonc/mdh901 Controversies in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer: new adjuvant endocrine treatment strategies V. D Hondt & M. Piccart
More informationLaboratory Testing for Her2 Status in Breast Cancer
Laboratory Testing for Her2 Status in Breast Cancer Katherine Geiersbach, M.D. Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology May 28, 2015 Overview Clinical relevance of Her2 status for treatment of breast
More informationFlorida Breast Health Specialists Breast Cancer Information and Facts
Definition Breast cancer is a cancer that starts in the tissues of the breast. There are two main types of breast cancer: Ductal carcinoma starts in the tubes (ducts) that move milk from the breast to
More informationHER2 Status: What is the Difference Between Breast and Gastric Cancer?
Ask the Experts HER2 Status: What is the Difference Between Breast and Gastric Cancer? Bharat Jasani MBChB, PhD, FRCPath Marco Novelli MBChB, PhD, FRCPath Josef Rüschoff, MD Robert Y. Osamura, MD, FIAC
More informationMetastatic Breast Cancer 201. Carolyn B. Hendricks, MD October 29, 2011
Metastatic Breast Cancer 201 Carolyn B. Hendricks, MD October 29, 2011 Overview Is rebiopsy necessary at the time of recurrence or progression of disease? How dose a very aggressive treatment upfront compare
More informationBreast Cancer Update 2014 Prevention, Risk, and Treatment of Early Stage Breast Cancer. Kevin R. Fox, MD University of Pennsylvania
Breast Cancer Update 2014 Prevention, Risk, and Treatment of Early Stage Breast Cancer Kevin R. Fox, MD University of Pennsylvania Prevention of Breast Cancer Accepted treatments Tamoxifen (premenopausal
More informationHER2 Testing in Breast Cancer
HER2 Testing in Breast Cancer GAIL H. VANCE, M.D. AGT MEETING JUNE 13, 2014 LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY No Conflict of Interest to Report Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-HER2 Human epidermal growth factor
More informationLocoregional Resection in Stage IV Breast Cancer: Tumor Biology, Molecular and Clinical Perspectives
Surg Clin N Am 87 (2007) 527 538 Locoregional Resection in Stage IV Breast Cancer: Tumor Biology, Molecular and Clinical Perspectives Julie E. Lang, MD, Gildy V. Babiera, MD* Department of Surgical Oncology,
More informationHER2 FISH pharmdx. Assay Kit
PATHOLOGY HER2 FISH pharmdx Assay Kit HER2 FISH pharmdx Clarity You Can Count On Reliable Results at a Glance The robust HER2 FISH pharmdx assay offers bright and distinct signals for easy and fast reading
More informationMechanism Of Action of Palbociclib & PFS Benefit
A Phase II Randomized Controlled Trial of Palbociclib & Tamoxifen/Fulvestrant in Postmenopausal Women and Men With Hormone-Receptor Positive, HER2- Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer (MBC) Protocol Chair:
More informationOctober is Breast Cancer Awareness Month!
October is Breast Cancer Awareness Month! A STUDY OF CHARACTERISTICS AND MANAGEMENT OF BREAST CANCER IN TAIWAN Eric Kam-Chuan Lau, OMS II a, Jim Yu, OMSII a, Christabel Moy, OMSII a, Jian Ming Chen, MD
More informationEverolimus plus exemestane for second-line endocrine treatment of oestrogen receptor positive metastatic breast cancer
LONDON CANCER NEWS DRUGS GROUP RAPID REVIEW Everolimus plus exemestane for second-line endocrine treatment of oestrogen receptor positive metastatic breast cancer Everolimus plus exemestane for second-line
More informationNon Small Cell Lung Cancer: Scientific Discoveries and the Pursuit of Progress
Non Small Cell Lung Cancer: Scientific Discoveries and the Pursuit of Progress Lung Cancer Accounts for 14% of All New Cancer Diagnoses in the United States 1 Lung cancer is the second most common malignancy
More informationWhat is breast cancer?
Breast Cancer What is breast cancer? Let us explain it to you. www.anticancerfund.org www.esmo.org ESMO/ACF Patient Guide Series based on the ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines BREAST CANCER: A GUIDE FOR
More informationMetastatic Breast Cancer...
DIAGNOSIS: Metastatic Breast Cancer... What Does It Mean For You? A diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer can be frightening. It raises many questions and reminds us of days past when cancer was such a
More informationwww.downstatesurgery.org
Male Breast Cancer Rabih Nemr MD Kings County Hospital August 2008 ACGME Core Competencies 1 Patient t Care Medical Knowledge 2 g 3 4 Practice Based Learning/Improvement Interpersonal Communication Skills
More informationMiquel Àngel Seguí Palmer
Miquel Àngel Seguí Palmer HER2+ Breast Cancer is characterized by overexpression of HER2 receptors HER2+ Breast Cancer is characterized by overexpression of HER2 receptors HER2+ status is associated with
More informationMale Breast Cancer Edward Yu, MD PhD, FRCPC. Department of Oncology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
1 Male Breast Cancer Edward Yu, MD PhD, FRCPC. Department of Oncology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada Epidemiology Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease worldwide. MBC accounts for approximately
More informationBreast Cancer. CSC Cancer Experience Registry Member, breast cancer
ESSENTIALS Breast Cancer Take things one step at a time. Try not to be overwhelmed by the tidal wave of technical information coming your way. Finally you know your body best; you have to be your own advocate.
More informationBreast cancer: Diagnosis and complex treatment. Ibolya Czegle MD PhD Semmelweis University 3rd Department of Internal Medicine
Breast cancer: Diagnosis and complex treatment Ibolya Czegle MD PhD Semmelweis University 3rd Department of Internal Medicine Epidemiology Worldwide, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life-threatening
More informationRotation Specific Goals & Objectives: University Health Network-Princess Margaret Hospital/ Sunnybrook Breast/Melanoma
Rotation Specific Goals & Objectives: University Health Network-Princess Margaret Hospital/ Sunnybrook Breast/Melanoma Medical Expert: Breast Rotation Specific Competencies/Objectives 1.0 Medical History
More informationPrognosis of Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer by HER2 Status and Trastuzumab Treatment: An Institutional-Based Review
VOLUME 28 NUMBER 1 JANUARY 1 2010 JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY O R I G I N A L R E P O R T Prognosis of Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer by HER2 Status and Trastuzumab Treatment: An Institutional-Based
More informationOutline. Workup for metastatic breast cancer. Metastatic breast cancer
Metastatic breast cancer Immunostain Update: Diagnosis of metastatic breast carcinoma, emphasizing distinction from GYN primary 1/3 of breast cancer patients will show metastasis 1 st presentation or 20-30
More informationAvastin in breast cancer: Summary of clinical data
Avastin in breast cancer: Summary of clinical data Worldwide, over one million people are diagnosed with breast cancer every year 1. It is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women 1,2, and the leading
More informationAdjuvant Therapy with Trastuzumab
Adjuvant Therapy with Trastuzumab Hiroji Iwata, M.D. Department of Breast Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital Although this presentation includes information regarding pharmaceuticals (including products
More informationTreating Patients with Hormone Receptor Positive, HER2 Positive Operable or Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Breast Studies Adjuvant therapy after surgery Her 2 positive Breast Cancer B 52 Docetaxel, Carboplatin, Trastuzumab, and Pertuzumab With or Without Estrogen Deprivation in Treating Patients with Hormone
More informationBreast pathology directs systemic treatment. Dr. Sabine Linn Medical oncologist The Netherlands Cancer Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands
Breast pathology directs systemic treatment Dr. Sabine Linn Medical oncologist The Netherlands Cancer Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands Recent decline breast cancer mortality UK, US, NL, F; 35-69 years
More informationClinical Management Protocol Chemotherapy Breast Cancer. Protocol for Planning and Treatment
Protocol for Planning and Treatment The process to be followed when a course of chemotherapy is required to treat: BREAST CANCER Patient information given at each stage following agreed information pathway
More informationPI3K signaling pathway a new target for breast cancer treatment
PI3K signaling pathway a new target for breast cancer treatment Introduction At the 37 th annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, SABCS, a number of interesting research trends, novelties as well as
More informationSAMO FoROMe Post-ESMO 2013 Breast Cancer
SAMO FoROMe Post-ESMO 2013 Breast Cancer Dr. med. Manuela Rabaglio Klinik und Poliklinik für Medizinische Onkologie Breast Cancer Track 300 Abstracts 142 Poster 11 Proffered paper 4 late breaking news
More informationBreast Cancer. NCCN Guidelines for Patients. Version 2010. Made possible by a generous charitable contribution from Susan G. Komen for the Cure
Breast Cancer NCCN Guidelines for Patients Version 2010 Made possible by a generous charitable contribution from Susan G. Komen for the Cure Also available at NCCN.com Breast Cancer Table of Contents Map
More informationSECOND PRIMARY BREAST CANCERS FOLLOWING HAEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES A CASE SERIES STUDY FARAH TANVEER PGY 3 DR.MEIR WETZLER DR.
SECOND PRIMARY BREAST CANCERS FOLLOWING HAEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES A CASE SERIES STUDY FARAH TANVEER PGY 3 DR.MEIR WETZLER DR. TRACEY O CONNOR RESEARCH QUESTON Patients with previously diagnosed hematologic
More informationOI PARP ΑΝΑΣΤΟΛΕΙΣ ΣΤΟΝ ΚΑΡΚΙΝΟ ΤΟΥ ΜΑΣΤΟΥ ΝΙΚΟΛΑΙΔΗ ΑΔΑΜΑΝΤΙΑ ΠΑΘΟΛΟΓΟΣ-ΟΓΚΟΛΟΓΟΣ Β ΟΓΚΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΚΛΙΝΙΚΗ ΝΟΣ. ΜΗΤΕΡΑ
OI PARP ΑΝΑΣΤΟΛΕΙΣ ΣΤΟΝ ΚΑΡΚΙΝΟ ΤΟΥ ΜΑΣΤΟΥ ΝΙΚΟΛΑΙΔΗ ΑΔΑΜΑΝΤΙΑ ΠΑΘΟΛΟΓΟΣ-ΟΓΚΟΛΟΓΟΣ Β ΟΓΚΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΚΛΙΝΙΚΗ ΝΟΣ. ΜΗΤΕΡΑ Study Overview Inhibition of poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase
More informationProtein kinase C alpha expression and resistance to neo-adjuvant gemcitabine-containing chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer
Protein kinase C alpha expression and resistance to neo-adjuvant gemcitabine-containing chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer Dan Vogl Lay Abstract Early stage non-small cell lung cancer can be cured
More informationGuidelines for the treatment of breast cancer with radiotherapy
London Cancer Guidelines for the treatment of breast cancer with radiotherapy March 2013 Review March 2014 Version 1.0 Contents 1. Introduction... 3 2. Indications and dosing schedules... 3 2.1. Ductal
More informationEvaluating the Efficiency of Targeted Designs for Randomized Clinical Trials
Vol. 0, 6759 6763, October 5, 004 Clinical Cancer Research 6759 Perspective Evaluating the Efficiency of Targeted Designs for Randomized Clinical Trials Richard Simon and Aboubakar Maitournam Biometric
More informationBreakthrough Treatment Options for Breast Cancer
Breakthrough Treatment Options for Breast Cancer Guest Expert: Lyndsay, MD Associate Professor of Medical Oncology, Yale Cancer Center www.wnpr.org www.yalecancercenter.org Welcome to Yale Cancer Center
More informationBreast Cancer Treatment
Breast Cancer Treatment Most women with breast cancer will have surgery. The two common types of surgery are breast-conserving surgery and mastectomy. Breast Conserving Surgery A lumpectomy removes only
More informationBreast Cancer Recurrence Assay (MammaPrint )
Harmony Behavioral Health, Inc. Harmony Behavioral Health of Florida, Inc. Harmony Health Plan of Illinois, Inc. HealthEase of Florida, Inc. Ohana Health Plan, a plan offered by WellCare Health Insurance
More informationChanges in biologic features between primary and recurrent or relapsed breast cancers
Changes in biologic features between primary and recurrent or relapsed breast cancers S. Al-Awadi, S. Thuruthel, K. Yamini, P. Muraligopal, I. Maarouf, A. Atta Department of Medical Oncology, Kuwait Cancer
More informationVariations in tumor marker levels in metastatic breast cancer patients according to tumor subtypes
JBUON 0; 8(): 608-6 ISSN: 07-065, online ISSN: 4-69 www.jbuon.com E-mail: editorial_office@jbuon.com ORIGINAL ARTICLE Variations in tumor marker levels in metastatic breast cancer patients according to
More informationPROGNOSIS AND PREDICTIVE FACTORS IN HUMAN BREAST CANCER DURING TUMOR PROGRESSION. Eva Karlsson
From THE DEPARTMENT OF ONCOLOGY-PATHOLOGY Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden PROGNOSIS AND PREDICTIVE FACTORS IN HUMAN BREAST CANCER DURING TUMOR PROGRESSION Eva Karlsson Stockholm 2014 . Published
More informationOptimizing chemotherapy-free survival for the ER/HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer patient
Optimizing chemotherapy-free survival for the ER/HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer patient Stefan Glück, Carlos L. Arteaga, and Kent Osborne, University of Miami s Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center,
More informationHereditary Multifocal Breast Cancer. Farin Amersi M.D., F.A.C.S Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery Cedar Sinai Medical Center
Hereditary Multifocal Breast Cancer Farin Amersi M.D., F.A.C.S Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery Cedar Sinai Medical Center CASE STUDY 30 year old Ashkenazi Jewish woman Nulliparous Felt
More informationPathology of Breast Carcinomas After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Review Article Pathology of Breast Carcinomas After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy An Overview With Recommendations on Specimen Processing and Reporting Sunati Sahoo, MD; Susan C. Lester, MD, PhD Context. Currently,
More informationReport series: General cancer information
Fighting cancer with information Report series: General cancer information Eastern Cancer Registration and Information Centre ECRIC report series: General cancer information Cancer is a general term for
More informationPATIENT SUBSETS WITH T1-T2, NODE-NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER AT HIGH LOCOREGIONAL RECURRENCE RISK AFTER MASTECTOMY
doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2004.09.013 Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys., Vol. 62, No. 1, pp. 175 182, 2005 Copyright 2005 Elsevier Inc. Printed in the USA. All rights reserved 0360-3016/05/$ see front
More informationSequential adjuvant docetaxel and anthracycline chemotherapy for node positive breast cancers: a retrospective study
JBUON 2013; 18(2): 314-320 ISSN: 1107-0625 www.jbuon.com E-mail: info@jbuon.com ORIGINAL ARTICLE Sequential adjuvant docetaxel and anthracycline chemotherapy for node positive breast cancers: a retrospective
More informationUpdate in Hematology Oncology Targeted Therapies. Mark Holguin
Update in Hematology Oncology Targeted Therapies Mark Holguin 25 years ago Why I chose oncology People How to help people with possibly the most difficult thing they may have to deal with Science Turning
More informationHER2 Testing in Gastric and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: Emerging Therapeutic Options and Diagnostic Challenges
Technical Articles HER2 Testing in Gastric and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: Emerging Therapeutic Options and Diagnostic Challenges Christa L. Whitney-Miller, MD David G. Hicks, MD Department of Pathology
More informationChapter 2 Staging of Breast Cancer
Chapter 2 Staging of Breast Cancer Zeynep Ozsaran and Senem Demirci Alanyalı 2.1 Introduction Five decades ago, Denoix et al. proposed classification system (tumor node metastasis [TNM]) based on the dissemination
More informationMeasurement of HER2. Daniel F. Hayes, MD Clinical Director, Breast Oncology Program University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center
Measurement of HER2 Daniel F. Hayes, MD Clinical Director, Breast Oncology Program University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center Trastuzumab Metastatic Adjuvant Lapatinib Metastatic Trials Why Test
More informationEarly and Locally Advanced Breast
Early and Locally Advanced Breast Cancer Audrea H. Szabatura, Pharm.D., BCOP; and Amy Hatfield Seung, Pharm.D., BCOP Reviewed by Jared M. Freml, Pharm.D., BCOP; Clarence Chant, Pharm.D., BCPS, FCSHP; and
More informationHER2/neu (erbb2) Analysis on FNA Smears and Core Biopsies of Primary or Metastatic Breast Cancer. Ann Thor M.D.
PSC/USCAP 2008 Applications of Molecular Analysis to Small Biopsy and Cytology Specimens for Diagnosis and Targeted Therapy HER2/neu (erbb2) Analysis on FNA Smears and Core Biopsies of Primary or Metastatic
More informationFulvestrant in Heavily Pretreated Metastatic Breast Cancer: Is It Still Effective as a Very Advanced Line of Treatment?
Fulvestrant in Heavily Pretreated Metastatic Breast Cancer: Is It Still Effective as a Very Advanced Line of Treatment? Tamar Safra MD *, Julia Greenberg MD *, Ilan G. Ron MD, Rami Ben Yosef MD, Moshe
More information