Available Online through

Transcription

1 ISSN: X CODEN: IJPTFI Available Online through Research Article MANAGERIAL EVALUATION OF DEFENDING NATURAL DISASTERSMANEUVER (A CASE STUDY OF TABRIZ MANEUVER IN OCTOBER 2013) Mohsen Faraz Allah Bike Nouri 1, Elaheh Mousayi 2, Zahra Khakdel Jelodar 3, Mohsen Mohammadi 4, Mohammad Ghanbari Ghozhikali 5, Jayad Babaie 6, Behroz Mohamad Alizadeh 7, Yousof pashaei Asl* 8 MSC Health Care Services Management, Department of East Azerbaijan Province Health Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. 2 MSC Health Care Services Management, Teharn University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 3 MSC Health Care Services Management, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran. 4 MSC Health Care Services Management, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. 5 Environmental Health Engineering Department of East Azerbaijan Province Health Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. 6 PhD Candidate in Disaster & Emergency Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. 7 BS, Environmental Health Engineering, Department of East Azerbaijan Province Health Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. 8 MSC Health Care Services Management, Tehran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran. Received on Accepted on Abstract: Natural disasters and unexpected incidents happen regardless of borders and we could say that in most cases they happen in an improper time. what s more we can confidently say that no individual or country in all over the word isn t safe from them and their consequences. Present study is executed aiming to evaluate the management of maneuvers to defeat natural disasters in Tabriz City to plan and response management toward natural disasters. Method: Present research is descriptive and of measurement nature which studied all participants in the maneuver including doctors, pharmacists, technicians and environmental health expertise, disease group experts, general health and laboratory experts as statistical society of this research. the tool to gather data was a 20 question questionnaire which was made in 6 arises and the extracted data were analyzed by means of SPSS software version 18. Findings: Findings show that the maximum level of response was related to the mission dimension (69%) which clarified the general goal to some extent, the maximum level in mission designing dimension was 62.1 percent based on state s IJPT Sep-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 9088

2 reality and 72.6 percent consider the planning, executable and 4.9 percent of individuals show the process of communication and information exchange in teams and finally 55.2 percent believe that individual s presence in educational sessions before the maneuver is essential. Conclusion: Operational teams experience and knowledge, especially members of environmental health experts among teams taking part in the maneuver, are very important and effective in relation to the existence of complete planning of the maneuver, mentioning members expecting activities, existence of a proper plan to achieve the goals, the process of communication with maneuver s leading team and exchanging information, process of communication and exchanging information with other teams involved in the maneuver, presenting educational and justification sessions before the maneuver and presenting education about full information to do the presented tasks. Introduction: Unexpected accidents and disasters happen regardless of frontiers and it s never a proper time for them to happen (1). what s more, no individual or country is immune to their consequences all over the world (2). annually all governments and nationsface these accidents and bear a great deal of financial and human damages. the existing data, shows the increase in number of times these disasters happen and the resulted damages (3). this increase is happening in such manner that during past 30 years number of natural disasters in all over the world has been doubled and number of injured people have been tripled (1, 3). The necessity of paying attention to the issue of crisis management in our country is an obvious fact for everyone. Iran is among ten top countries in ranking of countries with unexpected accidents and disasters. among 5 major earthquakes of the world during year 1990 till now, 2 of them are related to Iran and the maximum amount of casualty was also related to these 2 earthquakes (4-6). considering that natural disasters effect society s health, hygiene and welfare, presenting proper healthcare services is the main reason of existence and decreasing death rate and individual s welfare in steps after such vents (7). fortunately in recent years since the urban management has to work more efficient and fluent to decrease the effects of natural disasters in cities and improve management methods and technologies related to securing facility services and urban buildings constantly and upgrade them, the crisis management have received a great deal of attention. One of the ways to decrease the hazards of earthquake is to improve the level of awareness and creating the prepares among various social groups. the benefit of performing maneuver is its important role in creating the readiness to have proper and quick reaction while facing the IJPT Sep-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 9089

3 incident and its results would lead to a decrease in the casualties of earthquake. by having maneuvers and practice we could test, evaluate, reconsider and improve details and generality of plans to defeat natural disasters. maneuvers indicate organizations and individuals performance and are a measure to evaluate the feasibility and performance of crisis management program (8). the most effective way to respond to created needs is to be prepared (9) that World Health Organization looks at is as one of its late concerns and emphasizes the importance of required activities to achieve prepares as a part of constant development procedure in societies (1). considering the increase in number of times that natural disasters happen and its consequences and the special role of healthcare services before, during and after such incidents happen, the proper readiness of employees presenting healthcare services is essential (10). Professional prepares of these individuals to do their duties in such condition isn t hidden to anyone (11). research s (2, 12, 13), shows that these individuals aren t educated and ready enough to do their duties in such condition. Narbada& et al. consider lack of knowledge and preparedness as factors to create emotional pressure while performing their duties in such difficult circumstances (13) and represent prepares and educated World Health Organization s staff as one of the effecting factors on decreasing the level of damages resulted by such crisis and disasters (1). Chance& et al. also recognized the educated forces as one of the reasons to ease the healthcare services presentation (7). There for the most important issue that authorities in organizations presenting medical and healthcare services organizations should consider decreasing the consequences resulted by the disasters is to create staff readiness program to execute their duties in such situations. what s more, considering the lack of research in case of evaluating natural disasters defeating maneuvers management, present research aims to evaluate such events and maneuvers in Tabriz city to plan and manage responding to natural disasters. Research Method: Present maneuverscenario is the incident of an earthquake with 6 Richter in 5/5 of the morning in of cities of Tabriz called KhosroShahr with 1500 casualties. First day, the news of earthquake was announced to authorities of management and decreasing townships disasters dangers and they were asked to present operational teams till 8:30 a.m. in predetermined location in Tabriz City. Present research is descriptive and measurement type in a cross sectional method aiming to evaluate management of defeating natural disasters from participants and people present in the maneuver point of view. In measurement method, we used mental method (solely including questioning individuals that IJPT Sep-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 9090

4 what level they think they are educated in) was used. all participants in the maneuver including doctors, pharmacists, technicians and environmental, disease, general health and laboratory health experts are considered as the statistic society of present research; these individuals were present in the practice I form of 20 operational teams. considering that all members of these teams were studied, there was no sampling. the tool to gather the data was a 20 questions questionnaire, studying and evaluating the maneuver in 6 axils (mission, scenario, planning, leadership and crisis management, communication, education). evaluation team members completed the researcher made questionnaire while being present at the location and personally interviewing the participants the that Babaiee & at al. used to evaluate state maneuver of defeating natural disasters in Yazd (12). The admissibility and permanency of the questionnaire was tested in Yazdmaneuver but context credibility of the questionnaire was confirmed by questioning the experts and applying minor changes to the details. finally the complete questionnaire was analyzed by means of SPSS 18 statistical software after the codification. Findings Present research s findings show that 58.6 percent of participants had a clear view of general goal in mission dimension and 69 percent considered maneuver s specific goals to be recognizable. in the scenario dimension, 62.1 percent of participants considered the scenario to be partly based on realities existing in Ian and 58.6 percent express the partial clarity of maneuver s details in designing the scenario and 44.8 percent express their ideas about the lack of exact determination of expected activities in executing the maneuvers and 58.6 percent mention determining setting location in map and also mission plan in designed scenario. In dimension of planning the maneuver, 44.8 present mentions the lack of complete planning of the maneuver and 51.7 percent lived that the existing plan will be in direction of achieving goals and 72.4 percent believe that the existing plan is executable. In leadership and maneuver management dimension, 48.3 percent gave points in the clarity of maneuver leadership chart ad maneuver s executive team and 41.5 percent gave point partly to the clarity of who are authorities and responsible for maneuver s process and 44.8 and 44.9 percent also gave points to related individuals participation in national and province level and individuals knowledge of their responsibilities and finally in this dimension, 44.9 percent of individuals gave point from security issues in executing the maneuver and its management. IJPT Sep-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 9091

5 In communication dimension, 27.9 percent of individuals expressed the clarity of call and the integrity of the call and 41.4 percent expressed the improper communication with leading team and also the issue of information exchange and also 44.9 percent expressed the rather proper communication with other teams, and finally, 55.2 percent gave points to the lack of presenting educational and explanatory sessions and 51.8 percent also gave points to lack of receiving complete information in relation of given issues and responsibilities to do the maneuver. Table 2: the redundancy distribution of individual s response to evaluation dimensions of the maneuver. dimensions yes Some how no I don t know No answer mission Clarity of general goal Clarity of specific goal scenario Designed based on country s realities planning Leadership and maneuver management Existence of maneuver details in scenario Mentioning the expected activity from members Settling and operation location map Existence of a complete planning for the maneuver Existence of a proper plan to achieve goals the plan to be executable Leadership and maneuver leading chart Executive team of the maneuver Practiced procedures authorities Participation of related individuals Awareness of duties communication Safety issues The recall procedure and the recall integrity He process of communication with maneuver leadership team and information exchange IJPT Sep-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 9092

6 education Yousof pashaei Asl* et al. International Journal Of Pharmacy & Technology The process of communication and information exchange with other teams in the maneuver Having educational and explanatory sessions before the maneuver Complete data to do your duties with education Discussion and Conclusion: Present research findings show that performing a maneuver requires a more complete education, management and information presenting to decrease the injuries and expenses in crisis. although performing rescuemaneuvers in its scientific and new for doesn t have a long history in Iran in comparison to other countries of the world and considering that Iran is placed at the top of countries with natural disasters; as it is mentioned Iran is among 5 top countries of the world in relation to natural disasters and is constantly place in crisis condition due to natural disasters specially earthquakes and flood, reinforcement troops and rescue missions should have a special place in Iran. For example experts believe that sever pervious earthquakes in past years in Roudbar, Ardabil, north and south of Khorasan and Tabbes should include many lessons for managerial organizations, reinforcement troops and people. also considering the 8 years war of Iran & Iraq and the period that dozens of big cities Iran were attacked in west and south by the enemy and other cities were bombarded from air, the need to know and familiarity with the issue of crisis management and non-agent defense is totally logical and managers and organizations facing such condition is the index of their prepares to face such critical condition. experts believe that being in such condition, requires the regular execution of such maneuvers, specially noting the fact that during pas decades with the evolution of science and technology and growth of population and cities extension and development, type and quality of incidents have changed and new incidents result by science and technology are considered to be a new thread for human life. In another look based on new since of crisis management and its four steps (presentation, prepares, defense and rebuilt), doing various maneuvers based on all four stages or steps is advised. among crisis resulted by natural disasters, earthquake and flood have attracted authorities and managers of civil development due to various reasons such as the great extent of destroying buildings, facilities and transportation networks and there for performing preparesmaneuvers about these two incidents is two most repeated of required preparesmaneuversin Iran. Protecting employees is one of IJPT Sep-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 9093

7 important duties in circumstances after natural disasters. We should provide enough safety equipment s for employees, provide them with required education about how to use them and prepare conditions to take care and treat injured staff. Creating an exact and efficient managerial process with easy and inexpensive application, is one of the basics of a defiance program against crisis. in shadow of such process we are able to present quick and efficient response in medical and on-medical centers in order to provide help for critical areas of the country. pre-planning in order to active a regulated human force and exact division of managerialresponsibilities that enables us to achieve the maximum benefit from minimum personnel, is the basic advantage of a maneuver. Resources 1 WHO. Risk reduction and emergency preparedness: WHO six-year strategy for the health sector and capacity development Fung O, Loke A, Lai C. Disaster preparedness among Hong Kong nurses. J Adv Nurs. 2008;62(6): Ghanbari V, Maddah s,khankeh H, Karimloo M, Ardalan A. The Effect of a Disaster Nursing Education Program on Nurses Preparedness for Responding to Probable Natural Disasters. Iran Journal of Nursing. 2011;24)73(: Ojaghi S, Nourizad S, Mahboobi M, Khazaei M, NajafiG. Disaster crisis handling preparedness level of hospitals in Kermanshah. Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (J Kermanshah Univ Med Sci). 2009;13(3.) 5 Sztajnkrycer M. hospital preparedness: a hospital health mandate remains under-appreciated. the internet journal of rescue and disaster medicine. 2005;4(2): Abolghasemi, H; Forutan, GH; Radfar, M; Ali, A; studying the rescue health and medical activities of Islamic Republic Sepah Pasdaran Medical Service in Bam Earthquake. Army Medication Journal. 182, 4; Araghizade, H; Saghafinia, M; Enteari, V; Studying The Treatment Management In Unexpected Incidents: A Review on Bam Earthquake Experience, Military Medication Journal. 1382; 4 ( ). 8 Khankeh H, Mohhamadi R, Ahmadi F. Facilitator and barrier factor for health services in natural disaster]. J Rehabilitat. 2006;6(1): Hosseini, M; Ebrahimi, M; Jenab, V; managing Tehran City Crisis And Maneuver. International Civil Road and Buildings Journal. 139; 1(6). IJPT Sep-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 9094

8 10 Session WRCfEaif-e. Development of disaster preparedness toolkit for nursing and midwifery [updated 2008; cited]; Available from: data/assets/pdf_file/0009/119376/e67394.pdf. 11 Littleton-Kearney M, Slepski L. Directions for disaster nursing education in the United States. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2008;20(1): Inglesby T. Progress in Disaster Planning and Preparedness Since The Journal of the American Medical Association. 2011;306(12): Katz A, Nekorchu D, Holck P, Hendrickson L, Imrie A, Effler P. Hawaii physician and nurse bioterrorism preparedness survey. Prehosp Disaster Med :)6(21; Nasrabadi A, Naji H, Mirzabeigi G, Dadbakhs M. Earthquake relief: Iranian nurses' responses in Bam 2003, and lessons learned. Int Nurs Rev. 2007;54(1):13-8. Corresponding Author: Yousof pashaei Asl*, Tehran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran. IJPT Sep-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 9095