National Income and Expenditure of the United Kingdom,

Transcription

1 ANALYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS National Income and Expenditure of the United Kingdom, by JAMES B. JEFFERYS and DOROTHY WALTERS Introduction I. National Income and Expenditure, The national income series The nationttl expenditure seriw: person31 consumption and public aurhorities' consunlption of goods and services Home and overseas capitaiformation Consistencv of the income and exnenditure series --. Possible factors causing the discrepancy Page 1 II. Analysis of Some of the Trends of Growth 13 National income per head Flnw of goods to consumers Flnw of goods and capital formation Components of the flow of goods to consumers 111. The Construction of the Individual Series Net National Income at Factor Cost Consumers' Expenditure on Goods and Services, Consumption of home-produced hished agricultural products 2. Consumption of hon~e-manufactured finished consumer gnods 3. Exports of finished consumer gnods 4. Imports of finished consumer goods 5. Expenditure on tobacco gnods, alcohol, tea, coffee, fish, coal and motor vehicles 6. Consumption of services Consumers' Expenditure on Goods and Services, Public Authorities' Current Expenditure on Goods and Services Gross and Net Domestic Capital Formation including Value of Physical Increases in Stocks and Net Overseas Lendine I. GI~& and net fixed domestic capital formation and depreciation 2. Stocks 3. Overseas lending and net mants from abroad Taxes on ~x~endit&e, ~ates-and Subsidies Output and Price Indices ix

2 X ANALYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 Prise de Vues sur la Croissance de 1'6conomie Fran~aise, par FRANCOIS PERROUX page I. Propos de DCpart: 'Croitre' et 'Ce qui Croft' Les augmentations de la dimension d'une unit6 honomique 2. Les changements de structures 3. Les changements dans les types d'organisation 4. Les progrhs, repcrb par des indicateurs multiples II. Les Rythmes de Croissance I. Servitudes des 'deflations' et repcrages d'histoire raisonnk a) Les allures des dries nominales b) Les allures des series apt& deflation c) Les mouvements des prix et les allures des scries 2. Limites du calcul des taux et contenu des phases a) Marges d'incertitudes et calcul des taux d'accroissement h) Concomittances Cconomiques et phases ID. Les Changements de Structures Changements dans la structure du produit 2. Changements dans la structure de la fortune privk 3. Chan~ements - dans la - orooortion des catczories - de revenus JV. Les Changements dans les Types d'organisation 66 V. Les Progr6s et leurs Symptomes 69 VI. Propos d'etape 73

3 ANALYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 The Long-Term Growth of National Income in Germany by PAUL JOSTOCK page I. Introductory Note on the Development of German Income Statistics Total National Income 80 ' 1. General comments on the method of estimation 2. Biases of inter-temporal comparisons caused by structural cha~lges (a) Shifts between urban and rural population (b) Changes in the age distribution of the population (c) Expansion of unproductive activities (d) Rearmament and the production of war material (e) Territorial changes 3. Aggregate national income m. Per Capita Income 1. The growth of population and income 2. Effect on purchasing power of income of population shifts to urban areas 3. Value of the increase in leisure IV. National Income per Gainfully Engaged Person 100 V. Distribution of the National Product by Industrial Origin 104 VI. Distribution of National Income by Type and Size of Income Income of entrepreneurs and income of employees 2. Si of income Appendix: Sources and Methods Estimates for (a) Agriculture (b) Industry (c) Other Sectors 2. ~ational Income Estimates for and xi

4 xii ANATYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS 4 The National Product of Denmark, A Summary of Estimates prepared in the Statistical Department by KJELD BJERKE Part A. Summary and Analytical Tables Part B. Description of Method and Basic Reference Tables 133 I. The Industrial Breakdown 1. Agriculture 2. Non-agricultural industries Deflation 4. The labour force 5. Working hours 11. Break-down of Consumption, Investment, Export Surplus 140 and Saving I. Imports, exports and net deficit on the balance of payments current account 2. Gross investment (a) Building (b) Construction (c) Machinery and equipment (d) Means of transport 3. Depreciation 11.. Basic Reference Tables National Income and Capital Formation in Hungary by ALEXANDER ECKSTEIN I. Introductio~l National Income, The scope and character of natio~lal income work in Ilungary 2. National product and its composition, National product, in constant prices, Rates of growth,

5 page III. Long-term Trends in Occupational Distribution and Labour Productivity Methodological problems in the measurement of Hungary's occupational distribution 2. Trends in occupational distribution (a) Manpower trends in primary industries (b) Manpower trends in secondary industries (c) Manpower trends in tertiary industries 3. Changes in sectoral labour products IV. Capital Formation 190 I. Approach and co~lceprs 2. Studies of cil~ital formation in Hunaarv 3. Gross ~nvestkent in Hungary, 1924/25io 1949 I. Statistical Methods A. The Inter-war Estimates Agriculture (a) Farm equipment (b) Farm buildings (c) Irrigation, drainage, reclamation and water regulation (d) Vineyards (e) Forests (f) Orchards (g) Manufacturing (h) Mining (i) Communications (j) Housing (k) Government B. The Post-war Estimates (a) (b) August to December 1948 (c) 1949 C. Inventories 11. Analysis of Investment Trends A. Capital Formation Between the Two Wars 1. The investment in housing 2. Capital formation in manufacturing 3. Gross capital formation in agriculture and forestry 4. Investment in transport and communications 5. Government investment B. The Allocation of Investment during the Post-war Years 4. National income and capital formation

6 X~V ANALYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS 6 Notes on Income Growth and the Rate of Saving in Japan A Brief Survey of the Recent Estimates made by Research Workers at Hitotsubashi University by YUZO YAMADA I. How High? 11. List of Recent Main Works IU. My Estimates of National Income IV. Ohkawa's Estimate of National Product V. Comparison of Mr. Colin Clark's Estimate with Ours YI. Rate of Income Growth VII. My Estimate of Savings WI. Ito's and Shiohara's Estimates of Savings M. Some Concluding Remarks Appendix I. After the War Appendix 11. Comment on Mr. Harry Oshima's Discussion on Yamada's Estimates