Maximising the Public Health Benefits of Green & Open Space
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1 Maximising the Public Health Benefits of Green & Open Space Urban green space: improving health and well being through life course University of Sheffield PSA: 28 September 2009 Dr Sue Greig Consultant in Public Health, NHS Sheffield
2 Health benefits of green and open space Increasing physical activity Reducing stress/promoting mental and emotional well being Facilitating social interaction
3 Return to Victorian values?
4 Changing shape of playtime
5
6 Health inequalities in Sheffield 84 ONS Trends in Life Expectancy at Birth. Sheffield and England to , and Projections to The health of the population is improving. L if e E x p e c t a n c y ( y e a r s ) Period Source: ONS data sourced from National Clinical & Health Outcomes Database; sourced directly from ONS NHS Sheffield, PH Analysis team (GA) 28/11/2008 Male -England Male - England Projection Male - Sheffield Male - Sheffield Projection Female -England Female - England Projection Female -Sheffield Female - Sheffield Projection
7 Health inequalities in Sheffield (cont) 4.0 Male Life Expectancy - Gap between Most Deprived Neighbourhood Quintile and Sheffield 3.5.but inequalities within the city persist and are widening for males. Life Expectancy Gap (Years) Actual gap Exponential projection Linear projection Target Gap Source: Public Health Analysis Team, Sheffield PCT( 5 year rates), PH Mortality, PHR Life Expectancy Gap (Years) Actual gap Exponential projection Linear projection 2010 Target Gap Female Life Expectancy Gap between Most Deprived Neighbourhood Quintile and Sheffield Actual gap Exponential projection Linear projection Target Gap Actual gap Exponential projection Linear projection Target Gap Source: Public Health Analysis Team, Sheffield PCT( 5 year rates), PH Mortality, PHR
8 Sheffield: A tale of two cities
9 Childhood obesity
10 Participation in physical activity
11 Mental health
12 Sheffield s great outdoors.
13 Green & open space quality audit (Source: SCC 2008)
14 Health & green space: local initatives Health walks & referral for exercise Healthy gardening and growing Changing 4 life programme: tackling obesity
15 Health walks & referral for exercise
16 Healthy gardening & food growing
17 Sheffield let s Change4Life A breast feeding friendly city Parents as positive role models Schools at the heart of healthy communities Living neighbourhoods Healthy green & open spaces Change 4 Life - social marketing Community health champions Cross sector innovation business broker, healthy urban planning
18 Some research challenges How to maximise the potential of green and open spaces to reduce health inequalities How to quantify the cost effectiveness of green and open space in delivering health benefits Supporting and evaluating innovation -
19 Green space & health inequalities: deprivation amplification? It may also be that the presence or absence of resources is less important than their quality, social meaning or local perceptions of their accessibility and relevance MacIntyre et al 2007 Cycle ways and footpaths Seats/Benches Events/ things to do Public transport links Reduce dog fouling Café facilities Provision for young children & teens Toilet facilities Clean/ maintained/ repaired On-site presence/ safety & security/ ASB Top categories to encourage more visits Proportion of responses Opposite: Green and open space survey SCC (2008)
20 Quality audit results
21 Quantifying the health benefits
22 Quantifying the health benefits Who benefits? - age, gender, ethnicity, disability, postcode Valuing the health impact: cost per Quality Adjusted Life Year, annualised life cost averted (savings to health service) Evidence base exists for valuing cost effectiveness of increasing physical activity Cost effectiveness evidence base less developed for interventions wrt reducing stress, promoting mental well being, reducing social isolation
23 Supporting & evaluating innovation Intergenerational approaches Animated green spaces Connectivity Distinctiveness Historical & cultural heritage...
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