National Report regarding the Bologna Process implementation Romania

Transcription

1 National Report regarding the Bologna Process implementation Romania

2 1 Part 1.0 BFUG Data Collection: administrative information For which country do you fill in the questionnaire? ROMANIA Name(s) of the responsible BFUG member(s) Lazar VLASCEANU Adrian CURAJ Carmen IFTIME address of the responsible BFUG member(s) Contributors to the report Government representatives = Ministry of Education, Research, Youth and Sports (MERYS) plus institutions under MERYS' coordination Contributors to the report Employer representatives = NGOs Contributors to the report Student representatives = National Student Associations Contributors to the report Academic and other staff representatives = Various Universities Structures (e.g. Departments of Education, Departments of Social Sciences) Contributors to the report Other (please specify) = -

3 1 Part 1.1 BFUG Data Collection on Context and Structures 1. Do your steering documents for higher education policy explicitly take account of demographic projections for your country? 2. How do these projections affect higher education policy planning? - Through the number of seats allocated from the state budget to the HE institutions in different parts of the country. 3. Which of the following statements correspond to your higher education system? Higher education institutions can be either academically or professionally oriented Higher education institutions are only academically oriented Higher education institutions are either public or private All higher education institutions are public 4. What is the number of institutions in the categories identified? 56 accredited public HE institutions, 35 accredited private HE institutions, 21 provisionally approved private HE institutions. 5. GENERAL DATA ON HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEMS 5.1. Please provide the (approximate) percentages of first cycle study programmes across the following categories: 180 ECTS = ECTS = 39 Other number of ECTS = Please provide the (approximate) percentage of the total number of first cycle students enrolled in programmes of the following length: 180 ECTS = ECTS = 33 Other number of ECTS = Do degree programmes exist outside the typical Bologna ECTS first cycle model (and/or calculated in years rather than credits)? These may include integrated/long programmes leading either to a first or a second cycle degree In which study fields do these study programmes exist? Medicine, Architecture, Veterinary Medicine, Dentistry 5.5. What is the typical length of these degree programmes outside the Bologna ECTS model? Medicine, Architecture, Veterinary Medicine ECTS in 6 years; Dentistry ECTS in 5 years.

4 What (approximate) percentage of all students studying for a first degree (including students enrolled in the Bologna cycle structures) is enrolled in these programmes? 7% 5.7. Please provide the (approximate) percentage of second cycle (master) programmes of the following length: ECTS = 3 90 ECTS = ECTS = 89 Other = Please provide the percentages of the total number of second cycle students enrolled in programmes of the following length ECTS = 0 90 ECTS = ECTS = 85 Other = Do second cycle degree programmes exist in your country outside the typical Bologna model (i.e. other than ECTS and/or calculated in years rather than credits)? What is the typical length of these second cycle programmes outside the typical Bologna model? What percentage of all second cycle students is enrolled in these programmes? In which study fields to these programmes exist? Please provide any additional relevant comments for consideration regarding general data on your country's higher education system. 6. PROGRESSION BETWEEN CYCLES 6.1. What percentage of first cycle programmes give access to at least one second cycle programme? Please provide a source for this information. Law 288/2004, Law 1/2011, Govermental Decision 404/2006

5 What percentage of first cycle students continue to study in a second cycle programme after graduation from the first cycle (within two years)? The estimated average for overall percentage of students from first cycle that continue with second cycle is approximately 73,31%. At the fields of studies level, the values vary from 10,23% (Health field first cycle studies) to 19,08% (Sciences physics, chemistry and biology field) Please provide the source for this information. The source of the information is the annual state universities reports for the core funding process What are the requirements for holders of a first cycle degree to access a second cycle programme? All students (Scale 1) Yes No Some No answer All students (Scale 2) Yes No Some No answer Holders of a first degree from a different study field (Scale 1) Yes No Some No answer Holders of a first degree from a different study field (Scale 2) Yes No Some No answer Holders of a first degree from a different higher education institution (Scale 1) Holders of a first degree from a different higher education institution (Scale 2) When you selected 'some' in any of the answers above, please explain. e.g. MBA Yes No Some No answer Yes No Some No answer 6.4. What percentage of all second cycle programmes give access without further studies to third cycle studies? Please provide a source for this information. Law 1/2011 Law of National Education 6.5. What percentage of second cycle graduates eventually enter into a third cycle programme? The estimated average for overall percentage of students from second cycle that continue with third cycle is approximately 7,65%. At the fields of studies level, the values vary from 2,14% (Economic field) to 55,9% (Health field) Is it possible for first cycle graduates to enter a third cycle programme without a second cycle degree? Under which criteria is this possible? For programs that provide merged cycles of study I and II (have a total of 300 ECTS) 6.7. What percentage of third cycle students enter into that cycle without a second cycle qualification?

6 Please provide any additional relevant comments for consideration regarding the progression between cycles. 7. LINKING BOLOGNA AND NON-BOLOGNA PROGRAMMES 7.1. Is access to degree programmes outside the typical Bologna model organised in a different manner than for Bologna first cycle programmes? Please explain the differences Is access to the second cycle specifically regulated for students holding a degree from a programme outside the typical Bologna model? Please specify how it is regulated. In the Law no. 1 / 2011, the long-term university studies (existing before the implementation of the Bologna cycles) are equivalent to master studies (second cycle Bologna). Short university graduates can continue their studies in Bologna model Is it possible for graduates of a first cycle degree outside the typical Bologna model to enter a third cycle programme without a second cycle degree? Please specify for which graduates. Only university graduates of longer duration (existing before the implementation of the Bologna cycles), equalized by Law no. 1 / 2011 to study Masters (second cycle Bologna). 8. DEVELOPMENT OF THIRD CYCLE PROGRAMMES 8.1. What types of doctoral programmes exist in your higher education system? (These may include, but are not restricted to, traditional supervision-based doctoral education, structured doctoral programmes, professional doctoral programmes etc). Scientific doctoral programs and professional doctoral programs (HG 567/2005) 8.2. Do doctoral and/or graduate schools exist in your higher education system? What are the main features of these schools and how many doctoral schools are there? Upcoming methodology and steering documents are in working process 8.3. Is the length of full-time third cycle (PhD) study programmes defined in your steering documents? Please specify the number of years. On average 3 years according to Governmental Decision 567/ What is the average length (in years) of full-time third cycle (PhD) study programmes?

7 Are doctoral studies included in your country s qualifications framework? Upcoming methodology and steering documents are in working process 8.5. Are ECTS credits used in doctoral programmes? 60 ECTS are compulsory for each doctoral program 8.6. Please provide any additional relevant comments for consideration regarding development of third cycle programmes. 9. TREATMENT OF SHORT CYCLE HIGHER EDUCATION PROGRAMMES 9.1. In your system, do short cycle programmes linked to the first cycle of higher education exist? 9.2. How are short cycle higher education programmes linked to the Bologna structures? Please tick the most appropriate case(s) for your country. Holders of short cycle qualifications when continuing their studies in the same field towards a bachelor degree... gain full credit for their previous studies gain full credit, but only if there is agreement between the institution providing the short cycle programme and the institution where the bachelor programme is taught gain full credit for their previous studies but in professional bachelor programmes only gain substantial (>50%) credit for their previous studies gain some (<50%) credit for their previous studies gain little (<5%) or no credit for their previous studies 9.3. Are short cycle programmes legally considered to be an integral part of your higher education system? 9.4. Please provide any additional relevant comments for consideration regarding the treatment of short cycle higher education programmes. 10. INTERNATIONAL JOINT DEGREES AND PROGRAMMES Does national higher education legislation mention joint degrees? Please provide a reference to the legislation and/or cite the relevant articles. Government Decision nr. 1424/ methodology framework for approving the organization of integrated study programs offered by two or more universities, leading to joint degrees Does higher education legislation allow: Establishing joint programmes Yes No Legislation not clear Legislation doesn't mention joint degrees

8 6 No answer Awarding joint degrees Yes No Legislation not clear Legislation doesn t mention joint degrees No answer Please estimate the percentage of institutions in your country that award joint degrees / are involved in at least one joint programme. Award joint degrees > % > 50-75% > 25-50% > 10-25% > 5-10% > 0-5% 0% No answer Participate in joint programmes > % > 50-75% > 25-50% > 10-25% > 5-10% > 0-5% 0% No answer Please estimate the percentage of students in your country that graduated in the academic year 2009/10 with a joint degree < 10% > % > 5-7.5% > 2.5-5% > 0-2.5% 0% No answer from a joint programme < 10% > % > 5-7.5% > 2.5-5% > 0-2.5% 0% No answer Do you have information about study fields in which joint programmes / joint degrees are most common? Please explain briefly. The joint programs developed by the universities are mainly the ERASMUS mobility programs and Doctoral joint degree programs. The fields of study covered by those programs refer to engineering, law, social sciences, sciences (physics, chemistry and geography), psychology, philosophy etc. The information provided is obtained from the annual reports of the State universities for the distribution of the core funding and it refers to the academic year Please provide any additional relevant comments for consideration regarding your joint degrees and programmes. Regarding the answer to the Question 10.3, we make the following completion: The estimation of the percentage of institutions that awards joint degree is calculated based on the information from the annual reports of the State universities for the academic year , regarding the institutions that participate to joint degree Doctoral programs. The estimation of the percentage of institutions that develop joint programs is calculated based on the information from the annual reports of the State universities universities for the academic year , regarding the institutions that participate or organize joint programs (including the ERASMUS programs). Regarding the answer to the Question 10.4, we make the following notes: The estimation of the percentage of students graduating with a joint degree is calculated based on the number of students participating to a joint degree Doctoral programs (the annual reports of the State universities for the academic year ) and the graduates of Doctoral studies program (the annual reports of the State universities for the academic year ). The estimation of the percentage of students graduating from a joint program is calculated based on the number of students participating to joint programs (the annual reports of the State universities for the academic year ) and the graduates of the academic year (the annual reports of the State universities for the academic year ).

9 1 Part 1.2 BFUG Data Collection on student-centred learning 1. Do your steering documents mention the concept of student -centred learning? 1.1. How do steering documents in your country define student-centred learning in higher education? - Upcoming methodology and definition is in working process 1.2. How important ('1' not important, '5' very important) are the following categories in your steering documents and national policies? Independent learning Learning in small groups Initial or in-service training in teaching for staff Assessment based on learning outcomes Recognition of prior learning Learning outcomes Student/staff ratio Student evaluation of teaching Are there any other important concepts on student-centred learning in your steering documents? 1.4. Please specify. - Upcoming methodology and steering documents are in working process 2. Please provide a reference for your steering documents covering student-centred learning. National Educational Law 1/ ART. 118, point/letter l): the principle of student-centred learning. 3. Please provide any additional relevant comments for consideration regarding the student-centred learning. Upcoming methodology and steering documents are in working process 4. LEARNING OUTCOMES 4.1. Are learning outcomes defined in your national steering documents? If so, please provide the definition. YES, in the Ministerial Order nr. 4430/2009 Definition is: Learning outcomes means statements of what a learner knows, understands and is able to do on completion of a learning process, which are defined in terms of knowledge, skills and competence Are ECTS credits linked with learning outcomes in higher education programmes in your country? (This means that learning outcomes are formulated for all programme components and credits are awarded only when the stipulated learning outcomes are actually acquired.)

10 Does national policy steer and/or encourage the use of learning outcomes in developing curricula? Does your country provide specific support measures on the national level? Yes, due to the actions and measures of the Sectoral Operational Programme for the Human Resources Development ESF for Does national policy steer student assessment procedures to focus on learning outcomes? 4.5. Is there an offer of training programmes on topics such as student-centred learning and learning outcomes for academic staff? Compulsory Yes for all academic staff Yes for some academic staff No No answer Voluntary Yes for all academic staff Yes for some academic staff No No answer Please specify for whom and give approximate % that participate. E.g. Departemens of teacher training and human resources 4.6. Is the use of learning outcomes in curricula development and student assessment monitored by Quality Assurance procedures? Please explain how, and provide a reference to further information. The National Quality Assurance Agency for HE reviewed the assessment methodology for study programmes in order to include appropriate instruments (grides for the description of qualifications using the learning outcomes) Please provide any additional relevant comments for consideration regarding learning outcomes. The implementation of the NQF for HE was done based on a ESF strategic project in the last two years. It was a soft and voluntary process, in order to give time to the academic staff to accept the shift to learning outcomes and to apply the new methodology. 5. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EUROPEAN CREDIT TRANSFER AND ACCUMULATION SYSTEM (ECTS) 5.1. In your country, do you use Please provide details of how it is linked to ECTS (when applicable) and its main characteristics (e.g. how credits are calculated and whether the system is based on learning-outcomes) In your country, what percentage of higher education institutions use ECTS for accumulation and transfer for all elements of study programmes?

11 In your country, what percentage of programmes use ECTS for accumulation and transfer for all elements of study programmes? 5.4. In the majority of higher education institutions and/or programmes, what is the basis to award ECTS in your country? Please specify For student workload, is there a standard measure for the number of hours per credit? What is the number of hours per credit? What is the number of student teacher contact hours per credit? Please provide any additional relevant comments for consideration regarding ECTS implementation. The number of hours for student workload is according to the type of HE program 6. DIPLOMA SUPPLEMENT 6.1. Is the Diploma Supplement issued in higher education institutions and to students in all fields of study? All students >75% of HEIs 50-75% of HEIs 25-49% of HEIs 0-24% of HEIs 0% No answer Some students >75% of HEIs 50-75% of HEIs 25-49% of HEIs 0-24% of HEIs 0% No answer Upon request >75% of HEIs 50-75% of HEIs 25-49% of HEIs 0-24% of HEIs 0% No answer In certain fields of study >75% of HEIs 50-75% of HEIs 25-49% of HEIs 0-24% of HEIs 0% No answer No students >75% of HEIs 50-75% of HEIs 25-49% of HEIs 0-24% of HEIs 0% No answer Please identify those fields Please specify to which students Is there any monitoring of how employers use the Diploma Supplement?

12 Please provide the most recent results regarding the level of satisfaction of employers Is there any monitoring of how higher education institutions use the Diploma Supplement? Please provide the most recent results regarding the level of satisfaction of institutions. According to the Law no. 288/2004, all higher education institutions issue the Diploma Supplement for their graduates from bachelor and master programs In what language(s) is the Diploma Supplement issued? The Diploma Supplement is issue in Romanian language and in other widespread language, usually in English, but could be also in French or German Is the Diploma Supplement issued Please provide the amount and the reason for the fee Please provide an example of your national Diploma Supplement (in pdf or similar format) and send it to 6.7. Please provide any additional relevant comments for consideration regarding your diploma supplement. In Romania, the Diploma Supplement is a compulsory document for all diplomas of bachelor and master programs, and for diplomas of professions regulated by European norms, regulations or good practices where bachelor and master programs can be provided as part of a 5 to 6 year full-time programme of study, those diplomas are recognised as master s degree certificates (as in the following fields of study: Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Veterinary Medicine, Architecture). Minister Order no 5289/September 9, 2008 on the Bachelor diploma and diploma supplement, issued by the Ministry of Education and Research, published by the Official Gazette, Part I, no 655 of Minister Order no 4151/15 June 2010 on the Master diploma and the Diploma Supplement, issued by the Ministry of Education and Research, published by the Official Gazette, Part I, no 445/ NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORKS (NQFs) 7.1. Have you started the process to develop a National Qualification Framework in your country? 7.2. The BFUG working group on qualification frameworks has developed the following steps to assess the progress made in establishing a national qualification framework. Please choose below the stage that best describes your national situation. The 10 steps have been taken since The first draft of the Self certification Report was drafted in the spring 2011, official launched during a international conference on of April The final draft will be ready in September Please provide the date when the step was completed

13 Please provide a reference for the decision to start developing a NQF Please provide a reference outlining the purpose of the NQF Please provide a reference to a document establishing or outlining the process of NQF development. Please also report, which stakeholders have been identified and which committees have been established Please provide a reference describing the agreed level structure, level descriptors and credit ranges Please provide a reference outlining the form and the results of the consultation. Please provide a reference for the design of the NQF as agreed by the stakeholders Which stakeholders have been consulted and how were they consulted? Please provide a reference document for the adoption of the NQF Are ECTS included in the NQF? Please provide a reference for the decision to start the implementation of the NQF, including a reference to the roles of the different stakeholders Please provide a reference for the redesign of study programmes based on learning outcomes Please provide a reference outlining how qualifications have been included in the NQF Please provide a reference to the self-certification report.

14 6 The Steering Committee is analysing the first draft of the Self certification report till 15 of May After that moment the report will be published on the sites marked below Does a website exist in your country on which the National Qualification Framework can be consulted? Please provide the link to that website RECOGNITION OF QUALIFICATIONS 8.1. Which institution/organisation makes final decisions on recognising foreign qualifications for the purpose of academic study and work in your country? Recognition for academic study Recognition for professional employment Higher education institution Central government authority (e.g. ministry) Regional government authority (e.g. ministry) National ENIC/NARIC centre Regional/local specialised independent institution Social partner organisation (employers' organisation, trade union etc) Individual employers Other No answer Higher education institution Central government authority (e.g. ministry) Regional government authority (e.g. ministry) National ENIC/NARIC centre Regional/local specialised independent institution Social partner organisation (employers' organisation, trade union etc) Individual employers Other No answer Please specify Which of the following statements is specified in national legislation? Applicant's right to fair assessment of qualification is based on the conformity with the national and European legislation taking into consideration the best practice in the recognition procedures Please provide a reference to the relevant legislation. The recognition conditions are stated in the law implementing the Lisbon Convention no. 172/1998. Also there are some references in the Law of national education no. 1/ What measures exist to ensure that these legal statements are implemented in practice? Based on the law implementing the Lisbon Convention, the National Centre ENIC/NARIC has adopted the methodology on the recognition of diplomas through a Ministry Order Do higher education institutions typically: 8.4. Do higher education institutions typically: The Higher Education institutions are competent only to recognise the study periods at central level.

15 Are higher education institutions' recognition policy and practice typically evaluated in external Quality Assurance processes? Please explain What measures exist to ensure that higher education institutions have fair recognition procedures for study and training periods abroad? In this moment the HEI have their own procedures for recognition of study periods abroad, and in the new law of national education no. 1/2011 is stated that a unified procedure shall be adopted in a Ministry order and implemented by all HEIs Please provide any additional relevant comments for consideration regarding your system of recognition of qualifications. The academic and professional recognition is done by the Ministry of Education through the ENIC/NARIC centre for non-regulated professions. The competent authorities for the regulated professions take the decision of recognition for EU citizens.

16 Part 1.3 BFUG Data Collection on Quality Assurance 1. CHARACTER OF EXTERNAL QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEM 1.1. Which situation applies in your country? The Romanian Agency for Quality Assurance was created by Government Ordinance 75/2005, approved with modifications by Law 87/2006, as independent public institution, with its own income and expenditure budget Please explain the main elements of your external quality assurance system. Which ministry or governmentdependent agency is responsible for quality assurance? How is this responsibility managed in practice? If there are external evaluations of institutions and/or programmes, by whom are these evaluations undertaken, how often, and how are the outcomes of evaluation used? Please explain the main elements of your external quality assurance system (if it exists). If there is no system of quality assurance, please state this explicitly What are the main outcomes of an external review undertaken by the different QA agencies? 1.3. What is the main outcome of an external review? 1.4. Does the outcome of an external review normally have an impact on the funding of the institution or programme? Please specify the normal impact of an external review. Throughout the external review, under which the agency verifies the compliance by the evaluated study-programme of criteria and standards set legally, according to the ESG, in case all criteria are met accordingly, the study-programme/institution is empowered to either enrol students and deliver courses (in case of provisional authorisation) or to enrol students, deliver courses and organize final examinations and deliver degrees at the end of each Bologna cycle (in case of accreditation). Based on the actual capacities of the respective study-program, the agency also establishes the maximum capacity of enrolled students for each year of studies, which represents one of the financing criteria for the State universities. At the same time, by legal disposition, all accredited study programmes and institutions must undergo a periodical evaluation, every five years, to be granted the re-accreditation. The expected results of the formative advice given by the agency as part of the process on strengthening and enhancing quality and, according to the case, mentioned in the final reports, is evaluated through follow-up measures, as additional visits after one, two (in case when problems affecting quality standards were identified) or three years (in case of positive results for institutional evaluations), as well as in the periodic evaluations (every five years) of study programs and institutions Does the agency cover: Collectively, do the agencies cover:

17 1.6. What is the main "object" of the external evaluations undertaken? Are all institutions subject to external evaluation? Please specify Are all programmes in all cycles subject to external evaluation? Please specify Are all institutions and all programmes subject to external evaluation? Please specify 1.7. How are the positive outcomes of Quality Assurance evaluations made available to the public? The evaluation results are published on the ARACIS website, as well as printed as institutional evaluation reports. At the same time, the Agency sends out yearly reports on its own activity, in a very transparent manner. The agency organizes and it s representatives attend public events (conferences, workshops, training sessions for evaluators teaching staff, students, international evaluators) organized in Romania on QA in higher education. Also, its representatives attend most of the international relevant conferences and seminars on QA, where they present the agency s good practice drawn from the evaluation process. The public relation function is assured by one staff member active in communicating with mass media How are the negative outcomes of Quality Assurance evaluations made available to the public? See above Which of the following issues are typically included in external quality assurance evaluations? Teaching Student support services Lifelong Learning provision Research Employability Internal Quality Assurance/Management system Other (please specify) For those issues that are typically included in external Quality Assurance evaluation, please briefly explain the approach.

18 Throughout the external review, under which the agency verifies the compliance by the evaluated study-programme of criteria and standards set legally, according to the ESG, in case all criteria are met accordingly, the study-programme/institution is empowered to either enrol students and deliver courses (in case of provisional authorisation) or to enrol students, deliver courses and organize final examinations and deliver degrees at the end of each Bologna cycle (in case of accreditation). Based on the actual capacities of the respective study-program, the agency also establishes the maximum capacity of enrolled students for each year of studies, which represents one of the financing criteria for the State universities. At the same time, by legal disposition, all accredited study programmes and institutions must undergo a periodical evaluation, every five years, to be granted the re-accreditation. The expected results of the formative advice given by the agency as part of the process on strengthening and enhancing quality and, according to the case, mentioned in the final reports, is evaluated through follow-up measures, as additional visits after one, two (in case when problems affecting quality standards were identified) or three years (in case of positive results for institutional evaluations), as well as in the periodic evaluations (every five years) of study programs and institutions. Further details can be found in the following link: Please provide any additional relevant comments for consideration regarding your external Quality Assurance system. 2. CROSS-BORDER EVALUATION 2.1. Does your national quality assurance system or legislative framework allow higher education institutions to choose a quality assurance agency from outside your country (instead of your national quality assurance agency)? If some institutions are able to choose, please specify which ones If no, please go to section XVII Which conditions apply to the choice of a quality assurance agency from another country? The QA agencies within EQAR are not members of the EQAR, they are only listed in the EQAR, as this is only a tool designed to provide information on QA agencies that comply substantially the ESG 2.3. Please provide any additional relevant comments for consideration regarding Cross-Border Evaluation. 3. EVALUATION OF THE EXTERNAL QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEM AGAINST THE STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE IN THE EUROPEAN HYIGHER EDUCATION AREA (ESG) 3.1. Has the agency been evaluated against the European Standards and Guidelines? Yes, for the purpose of ENQA membership Yes, for an application to EQAR Yes, independently of ENQA/EQAR Such an evaluation is planned but has not yet taken place No 3.2. If an evaluation has been conducted, was the application successful? Yes, the agency became full member of ENQA and shortly after, within the legal timeline, was listed into the EQAR

19 4. INVOLVEMENT OF STAKEHOLDERS IN EXTERNAL QUALITY ASSURANCE 4.1. Is there a formal requirement that students are involved in any of the following? For each answer, please specify the relevant source. Student involvement in governance structures of national quality assurance agencies As full members in external review teams agencies - By decision of the ARACIS Council, the students are represented within the Council. Although they do not have voting rights, their opinions are taken into consideration. A legislative initiative aiming at modifying the relevant legislation in QA in Romania is to be finalized, allowing students to have two representatives into the Council The ARACIS Methodology set by Government Decree, sets this principle As observers in external review teams In the preparation of self evaluation reports The ARACIS Methodology set by Government Decree, sets this principle In the decision making process for external reviews In follow-up procedures Other, please specify 4.2. Is there a formal requirement that international peers/experts are involved in any of the following: In governance structures of national QA agencies As full members in external review teams As observers in external review teams In the decision making process for external reviews In follow-up procedures Other (please specify) 4.3. Is there a formal requirement that academic staff are involved? In governance structures of national QA agencies As full members in external review teams As observers in external review teams In the preparation of self evaluation reports In the decision making process for external reviews In follow-up procedures Other (please specify) 4.4. Are there any formal requirements regarding the involvement of employers in external QA processes. The agency has a standing committee for the employers and uses external experts from the employers Please provide any additional relevant comments for consideration regarding the involvement of stakeholders in external QA.

20 5. INTERNAL QUALITY ASSURANCE 5.1. Are there formal requirements for higher education institutions to develop internal quality assurance systems? Please specify these requirements and the relevant source. Government Ordinance 75/2005, approved with modifications by Law 87/ /Law_87_2006.pdf 5.2. Who is primarily responsible for deciding the focus of internal quality assurance processes? Please specify Are there formal requirements for students to be involved in internal quality assurance systems? Please go to Question Is there a requirement for students to be involved in the preparation of self evaluation reports? Is there a requirement for students to be involved in decision-making as an outcome of evaluation? 5.4. How many higher education institutions have published a strategy/policy for the continuous enhancement of quality in the past 5 years? 5.5. How many higher education institutions have arrangements in place for the internal approval, monitoring and periodic review of programmes and awards? Please describe what kind of arrangements are in place. Quality Assurance Departments (or Committees) at university level How many higher education institutions publish up to date and objective information about the programmes and awards offered? 5.7. How many higher education institutions publish critical and negative outcomes of quality assurance evaluations?

21 Please provide a source for this information, and links to examples of critical/negative evaluations Please provide any additional relevant comments for consideration regarding Internal Quality Assurance. For universities, Internal QA procedures were, at the beginning ( ) quite slow becoming common practice in universities. In the last period, the results of the activity of the agency tend to have a more and more significant impact on the internal QA processes. For the agency itself, internal QA is an utmost priority. Recently, an improved internal QA procedure for ARACIS was approved by the Council and will become gradually fully operational.

22 Part 1.4 BFUG Data Collection on Lifelong Learning 1. Do steering documents for higher education in your country contain a definition of lifelong learning? 2. How do your steering documents define lifelong learning? Lifelong learning represents all learning activities undertaken during the life of every person in formal, non-formal and informal training or skills development for a multiple perspective: personal, civic, social or occupational. Lifelong learning includes early education, school education, higher education, continuing education and training of adults. (National Law of Education nr 1/2011- art 328 (1), (2), (3)). 3. What is the common understanding of lifelong learning in your country? 4. What are the main forms of lifeling learning provision in which higher education institutions are involved in your country? Postgraduate training programs and professional development 5. Is lifelong learning a recognised mission of higher education institutions? 6. For which institutions is lifelong learning a recognised mission? 7. Are there legal requirements for higher education institutions to offer lifelong learning provision? 8. Please provide a reference to the relevant legislation or regulation. According to the Law no. 1 / 2011, postgraduate studies have been replaced with a new form of postgraduate training programs and professional development. According to the Order of Minister no. 3753/2011, the methodology for organizing and conducting these programs of study is in progress and will be completed by October Are there legal restrictions or constraints for higher education institutions to offer lifelong learning provision? 10. Please explain these restrictions, and provide a reference to relevant legislation/regulations 11. Which are the three (maximum) most significant groups of intended users of lifelong learning services offered by higher education institutions? Adults in employment Unemployed adults Retired citizens Part-time students Adults without higher education qualifications

23 Other, please specify 12. Where does the funding of lifelong learning provision in higher education come from? general higher education budget special budget for lifelong learning private contributions from students private contributions from business and industry 13. To what degree is the provision of lifelong learning in higher education funded from the public budget? Up to now 0%

24 1 Part 2.1 BFUG Data Collection on policies to widen participation and increase flexibiltiy 1. Do you want to answer this section now or later? 2. Do individuals that meet higher education entry standards have a guaranteed right to higher education? 2.1 Please specify. 3. Which statement best describes your country s policy approach regarding the goal that the student body entering, participating and completing higher education should reflect the diversity of the population? 4. UNDERREPRESENTED GROUPS 4.1. Please describe how your country s steering documents define underrepresented groups (e.g. based on socioeconomic status, gender, ethnicity, disability, geography, other). Law of Education No.1/2011 Art. 12 (2) The State grants social scholarships to school children and university students from disadvantaged families, as well as to those institutionalized, in compliance with the law. Art. 204 (1) Students coming from low income families benefit from a system of banking study loans, guaranteed by the state, under the conditions of the laws in force, through the Agency for Loans and Scholarship Grants. Loans may cover study taxes and the cost of life during the period of study. Art. 205 (2)[] orphan students or those coming from foster care benefit from free fare on the means of transport set by order of the Minister of Education, Research, Youth, and Sports. (6) Candidates coming from environments with high socioeconomic risk or socially marginalized Roma people, high school graduates in the rural environment or cities with less than 10,000 inhabitants may benefit from a number of guaranteed budgeted places, in compliance with the law For each of these groups, please briefly describe the national/regional policies and measures that are put in place to address under-representation. These may include, but are not restricted to laws, regulations, campaigns, incentives, other actions etc. Government Decision 769/2005 on granting scholarships to students living in rural areas, Government Decision 430/2001 regarding the approval of the Romanian Government to improve the situation of Rroma people, Government Decision 859/1995 for Social scholarships (criteria are made by each university based on guaranteed autonomy), Government Decision 1467/2008 for compensatory financial support for families involved in PetrilaCausalities How does your higher education system determine whether an individual belongs to a particular group (e.g. self-declaration)? Ethnic groups are identified based on self declaration; disadvantaged groups from rural areas are identified trough surveys with socio-economical focus and foster care pupils provide a registration proof from their institution Is there any funding reserved for measures to increase participation of under-represented groups? Please specify. Scholarships dedicated for students coming from rural areas and Rroma minorities Financial aid is also offered for those coming from low socio-economic groups, those in foster care and Romanian ethnics from abroad belonging to ethnic minorities. They have accommodation subsidize as well Do you have national targets/goals for participation of those groups that you identify as under-represented in higher education?

25 Please explain these targets briefly and name the groups to which they apply. National targets are translated in terms of a financial aid with a quota defined for: Roma people, Romanian ethnics from abroad, orphan students or those coming from foster care Does your country offer more public funding to higher education institutions to stimulate access for underrepresented groups? Please specify and identify variation between different groups, where they exist. There is a government fond which varies yearly according to the HEI requests and the decisions made by the National Council for Financing Higher Education. The new Law of Education (Art. 223) includes fund for student inclusion. (1) Public higher educational institutions operate as institutions financed with funds from the state budget, extra-budgetary incomes and other sources, in compliance with the law. (2) The incomes of such institutions are made of amounts allocated from the budget of the Ministry of Education, Research, Youth, and Sports, on a contractual basis, for the basing financing, complementary financing and supplementary financing, achieving investment objectives, funds allocated on a competitive basis for institutional development, for funds allocated on a competitive basis for inclusion, student scholarships and social protection, as well as from own incomes, interests, donations, sponsorship, and fees charged in compliance with the law, from Romanian or foreign natural persons am legal entities, as well as from other sources. Such incomes are used by higher educational institutions, under the terms of university autonomy, in order to achieve their objectives within the state policy on academic education and research Is the effect of measures to increase participation of each of the groups monitored in your country? Please specify. Within HEI reporting process, reports are given twice a year by universities for all groups previously specified Please provide details on how the higher education participation and graduation of each of the groups that you identify as underrepresented is monitored in your country. The Ministry of education asks for reports on October 1st and January 1st What data is collected? See answer at question 4.2 (Part 2.1) 4.9. Is there a system to monitor the composition of the student body (in terms of groups identified as underrepresented) by subject? Upcoming methodology When are data generally collected? Where an approach different from the general approach is used for any group, please specify. See answer at question 4.2 (Part 2.1) Where is information provided by this monitoring system published (provide a reference and link)? Data are collected by National Council for HE Financing (CNFIS) and some data are published on web 5. GENERAL POLICY APPROACH TO WIDENING PARTICIPATION

26 If your country has a general policy approach to increase and widen participation and to overcome obstacles to access, please explain your approach briefly and provide reference to relevant documents. Governmental Decision 769/2005 on granting scholarships to students living in rural areas. Romanian Ministry of Education, Research, Youth and Sports offers a number of scholarships to students residing in rural areas who attend the full time programs of accredited institutions of higher education and undertakes that after graduation from university will practice in education rural area in that specialty were was prepared for a period at least equal to the period for which they received the scholarship. Governmental Decision430/2001 regarding the approval of the Romanian Government to improve the situation of Rroma people with the desire to improve the situation of national minorities in accordance with the Constitution of Romania, as demonstrated by the voluntary membership at the Council of Europe international instruments such as: Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, ECRI resolution no. 3, 1203 Recommendation of the Council of Europe Parliamentary Assembly How does your country's policy explicitly identify the obstacles that it addresses? Partnerships with NGOs and National Institute of Statistics 5.3. What are the criteria used to measure and evaluate the success of specific initiatives and measures? Not applicable 5.4. In your country, is the composition of the student body monitored according to certain criteria? Who monitors on the basis of which criteria? Upcoming methodology 5.5. How is this data used in higher education policy? See answer at question (Part 2.1) 5.6. How are measures to remove obstacles to access primarily funded? If your country has a mixed system, please choose all adequate boxes. Please only indicate the most important source(s). From the general higher education budget From a specific budget From university budget There are no measures to remove obstacles to access 6. DIFFERENT APPROACH TO WIDENING PARTICIPATION 6.1. Please explain the characteristics of your country's policy to achieve the goal that the student body reflects the diversity of the population Does your country's policy approach explicitly identify obstacles to higher education? Please describe these obstacles Does your country's policy approach make reference to parts/groups in the population?

27 Please describe these groups What measures does your country's policy take? 6.5. How does your country assess whether its policy has been successful? 7. COMPLETION OF STUDIES 7.1. Does your country have policies aiming to increase the level of completion of studies? Please describe the main features of these policies. For Romania, the background analysis conducted at national level, involving representatives of Romanian Ministry of Education was established as a feasible a value of min. 26.7% for the indicator graduates of a form of tertiary education by This policy is also according to one of the five main objectives in Europa Strategy Are student completion rates monitored in your country? What use is then made of the data? Upcoming methodology 7.3. Are there any incentives for higher education institutions to improve student completion rates? Please specify the nature of these incentives. In Romania, the new National Education Law creates a favourable environment for increased funding for education providing compulsory allocation from the state budget of 6% of GDP for education, in addition to educational institutions' own revenues. There are also several ongoing strategic projects that will eventually increase the student completion rates. One of them is Quality and Leadership in Romanian higher education - which seeks to define the vision Another one is the Romanian Higher Education Improvement Project on University Management. In Romania, the implementation of the Bologna system, and creation and implementation of the National Qualifications Register, facilitating the recognition of periods of study completed at other universities, applying Gravier regarding the access of EU students in Romanian universities, actions completed or underway, all will facilitate and increase student mobility, that will eventually improve also the student completion rate Are there any other incentives (e.g. it is a subject covered in external quality assurance procedures)? 8. STUDENT SERVICES While higher education institutions offer multiple services, in the following questions, the focus lies on academic guidance services, career guidance services and psychological counselling services What kind of student services are commonly provided by higher education institutions? Academic guidance services Career guidance services