Cognito, Facio,, Ergo Sum - Building your Own PC - From Rene Descartes to Tim The. Toolman Taylor

Transcription

1 Cognito, Facio,, Ergo Sum - Building your Own PC - From Rene Descartes to Tim The Toolman Taylor TAVCC Meeting, March 13 th, 2017 Mark P. Zebrowski Trilogy Resident, Michigan Native & Summer Yooper mzebrowski@sbcglobal.net Get Ready for Lots of TLAs

2 Cognito, Facio Facio,, Ergo Sum To Design To Discover To Know To Think To Hear To be Informed To Learn First person I, Present Tense

3 Cognito, Facio, Ergo Sum To Create To Construct To Make To Recognize To Produce To Bring to Success First person I, Present Tense

4 Cognito, Facio, Ergo Sum Ergo => Therefore Sum => To Be To Exist To Have To Get To Live First person I, Present Tense

5 Rene Descartes Cognito, Ergo Sum A Rationalistic Argument used by French Philosopher Rene Descartes to Prove His Own Existence I Think, Therefore I Am Originally in French Latin Reaches a Wider Audience

6 Tim The Toolman Taylor - Facio,, Ergo Sum Main Character in Home Improvement I Make Stuff, That s What I am Here For NOTHING was just Good Enough Everything Can / Must Be Improved Upon More Power was His Voice / His Mantra And Making Stuff is the Ultimate Proof of a Person / an Organization / or a Country s Worth Wow! That s a Drill! I Make, Therefore I Am

7 Cognito, Facio,, Ergo Sum Putting It Together => (Drum Roll Please) I Plan, I Build, Therefore I Exist!

8 My First PC A Tim Taylor Event List Price $10000 Clock Rate of 6 Mhz. What Did I do almost Immediately? Opened it Up and OverClocked It! Tim Would Be Proud! Note There is NO MOUSE However, the mouse remained relatively obscure until the appearance of the Macintosh 128K (which included an updated version of the Lisa Mouse) in 1984, [35] and of the Amiga 1000 and the Atari ST in 1985.

9 Opened it Up Crystal 6 MHz. Went to RadioShack Bought 7.2 MHz 8.0 MHz 9.3 MHz In, One at a Time Soldered on Leads Failed at 9.3 MHz - Unstable Keep at 8.0 MHz. Mother Board - MB Heat Sink? Keyboard

10 Moral of the Story- You Can ALWAYS Make it Better - Tim Would be Proud Would be Proud Spent WAY Too Much Money But Tried to Make It Better Some Said It Wouldn t Work With a $1.95 Crystal Risked Thousands (Maybe Not ) Some Said It Wouldn t Work Because the Leads Weren t Gold, were Thin Wire and the Crystal was Cheap (Theory was that an Unstable Clock Signal would Lead to Computer Failures?) It Ran Well for YEARS, Decades Even It Still Runs Today Dos 3.1 & Windows 1.0

11 BYOPC - Why Do This? Knowledge, Sense of Satisfaction Get EXACTLY What You Want Hardware Software Fits Your Computer Work Flow Gaming, Business, / Web Surfing, Media Center, etc. Avoids(?) BloatWare & WikiLeaks Apps Save Money? Maybe Look for Bundles MB + CPU + Look for OS Bundled Zotac with Windows 8.1 PCPARTPICKER points to Lowest Prices Pre Built may have cheap components Get Hitachi Drive(s), etc.

12 Basic Steps in Building a PC are Always the Same Basic Steps in Building a PC are Always the Same Prep the MB with CPU Heat Sink / Cooler Memory Video Card Test Requires Jumping Prep the Case I/O Shield Standoffs Install MB etal. Into the Case Test Misc. Case Wiring / Switches / etc. Install Drives Cable Management, especially in Smaller Cases Install the OS and the Software Keyboard, Mouse, Monitor etal.

13 What to Remember If Nothing Else Nothing Else Lots of References on the Net Google Search TomsHardware and PCPartPicker Try a NUC (Easy-Not a Lot to Do) or a Small Form Factor (Cable Management Can be an Issue 5# in a 4# Bag) Steps MB + CPU + Heat Sink + Memory + Video Card => Bench Test Shield + StandOffs + (Above) + PowerSupply + Case =>In Case Test (Above) + Misc. Wiring + Drives + OS Ground Yourself Protect from ESD

14 Outline Introduction and Getting Acquainted With the Parts Cognito The Planning Facio The Making Some Assembly Required (Think IKEA!) Audience Participation References Wrap

15 Internet Resources and Google Planning Tomshardware PCGamer Lifehacker Elitegamingcomputers TrustedReviews TechBuyersGuru DigitalTrends PCGamingBuilds Making Lifehacker HowStuffWorks Reddit WikiHow PCMag PCWorld DigitalTrends PCGamer TomsHardware Off the Path PCPartPicker

16 Outline Introduction and Getting Acquainted With the Parts Cognito The Planning Facio The Making Some Assembly Required Audience Participation References Wrap

17 Who I am Wife (47 years together and Counting), 2 Daughters, 2 Sons-in-Law, 4 Grandchildren Engineer by Trade Snow Birds from MI Still Trying to Figure out Retirement Maybe Never Will Times Getting Short However, with Time getting Short, the Focus is Intensified

18 Who I am Our Front Yard Keeps People Away

19 This is a Very Exciting time for Makers Makers WiFi / Bluetooth makes for Easy Communication between Devices No Wire Required GPS allows Devices to be Located in Space Sensor Development is Exploding Internet allows Sharing of Technology / Experiences Lots of Miniature Computers at Very Low Cost Cost of Computing is essentially Zero eg. Raspberry Pi Zero is $5 Or Sometimes FREE! Cell Phone Technology / WiFi Hot Spots allow Monitoring and Control from Virtually Anywhere HomeWork Look up Raspberry PI and Arduino

20 The Scope of Computing Lots of Space with the Full Tower for a Server Mini-Tower Most Popular Small Form Factor fits a Full Height Graphics Card 1 Only Smallest without Significant Integration Platforms is HUGE!

21 Including the NUC-Next Next Unit of Computing-and Near NUC Highly Integrated Fits Anywhere Carry It Anywhere Use a HD TV as a Monitor (Some) Cell Phone Charger (Brick?) as a Power Supply (Some) Uses Blue Tooth Devices No Wires Communications Memory MB Drive - SSD

22 AIO - All in One - Loosing Share Computer inside the Monitor case My Favs Small Form Factor & NUCs Build a NUC and Duct Tape to the Back of your TV

23 To Get an Idea of relative sizes, This are MBs that Have to Fit in a Case Inside

24 Selecting Components for a Build Motherboard (Bus, Slots, Peripherals) Processor (Cores, Speed, Cache) Video (Memory, GPU, DirectX ) Memory (Capacity, Speed) Power Supply (Capacity, Type) Hard Drives (Type, Capacity) Optical Drives (CD/DVD/Blu-ray, RW/RAM) PCI Express Cards (Video, Peripherals) Case (Fans, Cooling System, HD Slots, USBs) Operating System and Applications In a NUC, Some of the Above are Integrated / Some are Absent

25 Processors ($30 to $1,000) Intel: Core i3, i5, i7 Pentium Celeron Xeon AMD: Athlon Phenom FX A6, A8, A10 Generations Been Around for a Long Time

26 Socket Types: Intel Intel LGA (Land Grid Array) 1150 Haswell Intel LGA 1155 Ivy Bridge Sandy Bridge Haswell Broadwell Skylake Intel LGA 2011 Ivy Bridge E Sandy Bridge E Haswell E Not Interchangeable Broadwell E Families for a Couple of Years

27 Socket Types: AMD Advanced Micro Devices AMD 990FX Athlon Phenom AMD AM3+ 980FX AMD FM2 A88, A78, A75

28 Breaking NEWS! AMD Highly Disruptive Ryzen Chips Several CPUs and CPU Families Top of the Line Ryzen 7 8 Cores 16 Threads HALF the Price of a Corresponding Intel I7 Extreme Ryzen 5 6 Core 12 Thread 3.7 GHz. Compete with I5 Ryzen 3 Yada, Yada, Yada Bottom Line Better Performance / Half the Price

29 Motherboards Motherboard determines the processor OR processor determines the motherboard. Additional options to consider: Memory Type / Speed (DDR through 3100) Types of Expansion Card Slots (PCI-E and PCI-E v.3) Serial ATA (and on some boards) Controller RAID Controllers FireWire (IEEE 1394) Sound (5.1, 7.1, analog/digital, coax/optical) Video (onboard on some boards) Other (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc.) $45 to $450

30 Memory DDR - Double Data DDR3 DDR MHz PC DDR MHz PC DDR MHz PC Rate DDR3 XMP DDR MHz and up Intel XMP Certified RAM and motherboard are required DDR2 Memory speeds DDR2-400 MHz PC DDR2-533 MHz PC DDR2-667 MHz PC DDR2-800 MHz PC Memory Channels Dual Channel Intel and AMD chipsets Triple Channel Intel X58 chipsets Quad Channel Intel X79 chipsets

31 Video Bus PCI Express Slot Longer slot is X16 8GB/s and 75W Smaller slot is X1 250MB/s and 25W Older styles AGP Slot Highest speed is 8X 2GB/s and ~ 50W PCI Slot 135MB/s all slots combined

32 Video Cards Video Chipset NVIDIA ATI Application Multimedia Video Gaming Extreme Gaming (Auto)CAD $25 to $700

33 Choosing A Case Form factor ATX/BTX/mATX Tower/Mid-Tower/Slim NUC Cooling Air / Liquid Stability Ease of Use Build / Operate Aesthetics Lights and Lasers $ 20 to $450

34 Power Supplies Watts / rails / Amps 500 W Should be More than Enough Cooling Energy Efficiency A Basket Full of Connectors $19 to $400 They Should not Rattle when Shaken Buy the Heaviest One

35 SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) Hard Drives 6+ channels / RAID 1 drive per channel. 3/6 Gbps per channel. Also available in Solid State Hard Drives IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics) Hard Drives Using PATA 0/1/2 Channels. 2 Drives per channel. 133 Mbps each channel PATA Parallel

36 Optical Drives SATA & PATA DVD-RW Drives 700MB per CD-R/-RW 4.7GB per DVD+/- R/RW 8.3GB per DVD-DL +/- R/RW Blu-Ray 25-50GB

37 Miscellaneous Keyboard & Mouse Wired USB Wireless Bluetooth Monitor HDM1 2.7K or 4K Other Speakers Sound Systems Printers Scanners I/O Devices Backup System

38 Outline Introduction and Getting Acquainted With the Parts Cognito The Planning Facio The Making Some Assembly Required Audience Participation References Wrap

39 Selecting Components for a Build Motherboard (Bus, Slots, Peripherals) Processor (Cores, Speed, Cache) Video (Memory, GPU, DirectX ) Memory (Capacity, Speed) Power Supply (Capacity, Type) Hard Drives (Type, Capacity) Optical Drives (CD/DVD/Blu-ray, RW/RAM) PCI Express Cards (Video, Peripherals) Case (Fans, Cooling System, HD Slots, USBs) Operating System and Applications In a NUC, Some of the Above are Integrated / Some are Absent

40 Build Your Own PC Before you begin, a question or two..

41 Questions Can You Turn a Screw Driver or Use Long Nose- Needle Nose Pliers? What Do You Use a Computer For? What Do You Want to Do in the Near Future? Is Future Expansion a Want Expansion is usually limited to storage, graphics, read/write, memory size, OS Updating Makes Sense Changing a CPU may mean a new MB which may get expensive Updating is Probably Not Worth the Effort

42 What did you decide? Build or Buy or Buy and Customize? Motivations Hobby/Fun Unique Can t Buy Exactly What You Want Saving Money? Used to Be. But NSM Now. What are you going to use it for? Gaming (video complexity and speed) Business (data safety and security Old OS and Apps) Storage for video, pictures or music (big disks) Multimedia PC (tuners, tools, technology) Low Cost ( maybe) Small Size

43 Where to start? Sources of Information Computing Magazines and Magazine Web Sites Work Friends Internet Hardware Manufacturer Web Sites Hardware and User Forums Google Searches Best NUC under $400 Best Mid-Tower Gaming Computer Top 10

44 Magazines & Sites

45 Tom's Hardware

46 Manufacturer Web Sites

47 Buy, Upgrade or Assemble? +

48 Deviate From Recommendations? You Have a Friend you Can Call On PC Part Picker No, It s Not Like the American Pickers on Cable Really Really Really Good Site for Makers

49 PC Part Picker

50 PC Part Picker

51 PC Part Picker It will Warn you about Incompatibilities It will Tell you Where to Get the Parts for the Best Price It may NOT be 100% Be Careful of Aggressive CPU Coolers It will Take Out Almost All of the Risk of Going on Your Own

52 Outline Introduction and Getting Acquainted With the Parts Cognito The Planning Facio The Making Some Assembly Required Audience Participation References Wrap

53 Starting The Build ESD Electro-Static Discharges (Are you grounded?) Anti Static Mat Grounded Wrist Strap Build on a Tile Floor, NOT a Carpet, Especially Here in AZ Handle Components Around the Edges Tools Small Phillips Screw Driver - Always Small Nut Drivers - Maybe Needle Nosed Pliers Only If You Drop Something NO HAMMERS, NO DREMEL TOOLS, NO SOLDERING GUNS

54 Connections All Connections are Designed to Fit ONE WAY There is no Danger in Getting Stuff Wrong Unless --- You Force FIT Them

55 Basic Steps Always the Same Basic Steps Always the Same Prep the MB with CPU Heat Sink / Cooler Memory Video Card Test Requires Jumping Prep the Case I/O Shield Standoffs Install MB etal. Into the Case Test Misc. Case Wiring / Switches / etc. Install Drives Cable Management, especially in Smaller Cases Install the OS and the Software Keyboard, Mouse, Monitor etal.

56 Lift the Socket Lever Align the CPU pins with the Socket It Can Only Fit in One Way Look for the DOT / Triangle / etc. CPU should Drop Flush into the Socket Close the Socket Lever to Lock Position This Should Require a Moderate Push The Processor

57 Heat Sink Heat Sink If CPU/Heat Sink was Previously Installed, Remove Old Compound with Denatured Alcohol Apply Thermal Compound or Remove Protective Film from the Already Installed Compound Install the Heat Sink and Fan, usually Pushing Down on 4 Plastic Pins Connect the Power/Control/Sensor Wires to the MB

58 Memory / RAM Install RAM Notch DON T ADD YOUR OWN! Line module up in slot Press down firmly until tabs lock If the Memory Doesn t Seat in the Slot - STOP

59 Install the Video Card Insert card squarely and completely into slot until rear retainer locks in place Attach supplemental power connector from the Power Supply, if applicable Support the card; watch for grounding

60 Bench POST-Power Power On Self Test Temporarily Connect the Power Supply and Monitor Short the Pins on the Motherboard that Connect to the Case Power On Switch The computer should emit a single distinct POST (Power On Self Test) beep; other beeps indicate a problem SMOKE? Should be able to enter the BIOS, see POST message, tries to Boot and ends with no system found OK? Yes Proceed. No Stop and go back.

61 Case Preparations Install motherboard standoffs in the case

62 Case Preparations I/O Shields are NOT Generic They are Specific to Each Motherboard Install Back Apron ( I/O Shield) for Motherboard by Inserting from Inside the Case and Pushing Rather Hard Around the Perimeter, Snapping it in Place I / O Shield Installed

63 Assembly Phillips Install Motherboard into Case by Mounting it on the Standoffs Insert Screws, but Do Not Tighten until all are in place Do not over-tighten

64 Power Connect the Power Supply to the Motherboard Most motherboards will Have Two Connectors One Pin ATX Main Power Connector One 4 Pin 12v Connector near the CPU

65 Misc. Connectors Connect the front panel connectors. (Power and reset switches, power and hard drive LEDs, speaker, front USBs, etc.) Consult your Motherboard Manual for Locations of the Connections(Argh!) This is Probably the Most Time Consuming Step Good News The MB is Labeled BN The Letters are Very Small

66 SATA Drive Installation Data Connection Power Connection

67 PATA Drive Preparation Set the Hard Drive to master. Consult Hard Drive Documentation for Exact Instructions. Power Connection Data Connection

68 Install The Hard Drive(s) 1. Mount Drive in Case. 2. Connect Power Cable from the Power Supply to Drive. 3. Connect Data Cable to the Drive. 4. Connect Data Cable to the Motherboard

69 Install The Optical Drive(s) Follow the Same Procedures as with Installing the Hard Drive SATA PATA

70 Install the Video Card Remove Back Plate Insert Card Squarely and Completely into Slot until Rear Retainer Locks in Place Attach Supplemental Power Connector from the Power Supply, if Applicable

71 In-Case POST The Computer Should Emit a Single Distinct POST Beep, Allow you to Enter the BIOS, Display the POST Screens, etc. Just Like on the Bench. OK? Yes Keep Going No Remove from the Case, Go Back to Bench Post

72 What s s Next? Now that you have the Basic Hardware Installed, it is time to Install the Operating System. Consult the Documentation for your OS of Choice. Additional Cooling, Case Modifications or Lighting (Yes, Cool Blinking Neon Lights or Lasers!).

73 Outline Introduction and Getting Acquainted With the Parts Cognito The Planning Facio The Making Some Assembly Required Audience Participation References Wrap

74 Going to Need 5 Volunteers Responsible for KeyBoard / Mouse Responsible for CPU Cooling Responsible for Case Preparation and Mounting the (Prep d) MotherBoard into the Case Responsible for the Power Supply and Cable Management Responsible for Final Assembly and Testing

75 NUC Form Factor Computers Integration of Components MotherBoard with CPU Integrated with Memory Integrated with Graphics Limited and On-Board HDMI, maybe no 4K, 2.7 Only Power Supply as a Brick w/o On-Off Switch Limited USB Ports & Limited I/O (No External SATA) Drives? Thru USB Only Ethernet Cable Connection Some with WiFi and / or BlueTooth Built In Upgradeable? Not Really If Something Fails, All Fails

76 NUC Form Factor Computer Example Raspberry PI Motherboard Processor Video Memory Power supply Hard Drives Optical Drives PCI Express cards Case Operating system and applications Integrated Brick or Cell Phone Charger Micro Memory Card & External USB Devices None UNIX Derivatives & Subset of Windows10

77 Raspberry PI 3 Model B 4 Processor (Quad Core), 1 GB of Main Memory, 1.2 GHz., 64 Bit n Wireless LAN, 10/100Mbps Lan Speed Bluetooth 4.1, Bluetooth Low Energy 4 USB ports, 40 GPIO pins, Full HDMI port, Combined 3.5mm Audio Jack and Composite Video Camera Interface (CSI),Display Interface (DSI), Micro SD Card Slot, VideoCore IV 3D Graphics Core All on One Board!

78 Raspberry PI 3 Model B List Price $39.95 Often Discounted to $29 or Less The Keyboard/Mouse and Misc. Cables Cost More than This! It Can Function as a Multi-Purpose Computer Often Used for Special Function Devices I of T Devices PI for the Intelligence / Control of the I Arduino for the Electronics Embedded in the T(hing) No Monitor Sorry. You Do Have a (Spare?) HD TV?

79 But, the Extras Add Up

80 What Can You Do with One A A Short List Web Surfing, Office and GP Computer Media Center Home Network Server Retro Game Machine Home Automation Content Management System CMS / Kiosk, IYW Intelligent Holiday Decorations Halloween and Christmas In and Out Computer Who s at Home, Where and When Moving Art Work Responds to People, Noises, Light, etc. NAS & Auto Backup Devices Air Quality Monitor (#art Detector) Super Bowl Half Time Show

81 Basic Steps Same with Pi, But Prep the MB with CPU Heat Sink / Cooler Memory Video Card Test Requires Jumping Prep the Case I/O Shield Standoffs Install MB etal. Into the Case Test Misc. Case Wiring / Switches / etc. Install Drives Cable Management, especially in Smaller Cases Install the OS and the Software Keyboard, Mouse, Monitor etal.

82 MB Storage GP I / O USB 2.0 Power Display Audio Ethernet

83 MB Heat Sinks Go Here

84 Case With Heat Sinks and MB Mounting Hardware Sinks Mounting Hardware

85 Case Bumpers Go On The Bottom of the Case

86 MB to Case Screws Go Here Note Standoffs Built In Hint Hold MB and Case USD, then put Screw on Top of Driver

87 When It s s Done

88 Power Supply No On/Off Switch To MB

89 Install OS and Storage Device

90 Note: The Pi 3 has Bluetooth USB KeyBoard and Mouse

91 KB, Mouse, Power, Monitor & Internet Note: The Pi 3 has WiFi Keyboard Power Monitor Ethernet Mouse

92 Normal Install of NOOBS - PI 3 is also Capable of Running a Version of Windows 10

93 Outline Introduction and Getting Acquainted With the Parts Cognito The Planning Facio The Making Some Assembly Required Audience Participation References Wrap

94 Internet Resources and Google Planning Tomshardware PCGamer Lifehacker Elitegamingcomputers TrustedReviews TechBuyersGuru DigitalTrends PCGamingBuilds Making Lifehacker HowStuffWorks Reddit WikiHow PCMag LifeHacker PCWorld DigitalTrends PCGamer TomsHardware Off the Path PCPartPicker

95 Outline Introduction and Getting Acquainted With the Parts Cognito The Planning Facio The Making Some Assembly Required Audience Participation References Wrap

96 Where I am Going Picture Frame CMS System AKA McDonalds UBER Home Automation X-10 Home Automation interfaced to Cell Phone Network X-10 interfaced to Alexa Autonomous Sumo Robot using Pi / Arduino Drones

97 What to Remember If Nothing Else Nothing Else Lots of References on the Net Google Search TomsHardware and PCPartPicker Try a NUC (Easy-Not a Lot to Do) or a Small Form Factor (Cable Management Can be an Issue 5# in a 4# Bag) Steps MB + CPU + Heat Sink + Memory + Video Card => Bench Test Shield + StandOffs + (Above) + PowerSupply + Case =>In Case Test (Above) + Misc. Wiring + Drives + OS Ground Yourself Protect from ESD

98 Questions? In Building and Using Computers for nearly 40 years, I had 4 Failures Wall Switch On / Off Quickly ( 80ish) Dropped a Hard Drive About 1 on Assembly ( 80ish) Dell Hard Drive Failure after 1 Year of Use (~2000) Lost 2 weeks of Intensive Processing - Backup, Backup, Backup We Used to Create GBs in Min/Hrs MB Dead on Arrival (Recent-Adopted POST Testing) 2 Are on Me and Were Accidents, 2 Were Not Try It My Grandson Did Hopefully, I have used up all the Time See Yah