Trip Report Southern Mexico Spring 2012 or How to Observe 540 Species in Three Weeks

Transcription

1 Trip Report Southern Mexico Spring 2012 or How to Observe 540 Species in Three Weeks Christoph Moning and Gerlinde Taurer Where and when did we go? Having studied Steve Howell s and Sophie Webb s book (A Guide to the birds of Mexico and Northern Central America) and a number of trip reports we decided for Oaxaca and Chiapas, which seemed great regions to see as many Mexican endemics as possible. Our travel started and ended at Mexico City, taking us in a wide loop through Oaxaca and Chiapas. In Chiapas we joined a group, to spend a couple of days in the reserve El Triunfo. Just before returning to Mexico, we decided spontaneously to drive up to Veracruz, to add another gem, Sumichrast s Wren, to our already satisfactory list. Travelling in spring (15 February to 8 March) gave us the chance to see a lot of migratory birds in addition to the desired endemics and local specialities. Migrants travelling from the whole North American Continent to their wintering grounds further south are passing the isthmus at Tehuantepec which is only 200 km wide and are thus very much concentrated here. What we got A total of 541 species in 21 days! Among them 12 species of herons, 28 species of raptors, 39 species of hummingbirds, 44 species of flycatchers & allies, 23 species of wrens, 15 species of vireos, 45 species of new world warblers, and 9 species of orioles. All in all, 97 of the endemic or restrictedrange species (see detailed list below). Oh, and hundreds of insect bites (be aware of mosquitoes and nasty black biting little insects their bites itch like hell!). What we did not get Of our ambitious target list (we were aiming for 400 of the 1070 species occurring in Mexico), we missed only a handful, such as Lesser Roadrunner or Azure-hooded Jay. These will be a good, but not the only, reason to visit again! Otherwise, the only things we did not get were enough sleep and luckily the dreaded Montezuma s revenge! Our guides Our guide for most of the trip was Manuel Grosselet ( a French ornithologist living in Mexico who does research and conservation work around the country and occasionally also guiding. He drove us around the country and organized our logistics in an expert and charming way,

2 protecting us from danger and showing us the beauties of the country. He s great with people and an absolute expert on the local birds, as the proud results of our trip prove! On the rare occasions where he did not have updated information about a region, or where special permission was necessary to enter an area, he knew the right people to ask. In El Triunfo we were guided by a lovely and most competent couple of experts, Jorge E. Montejo Diaz (jorgemontejodiaz@yahoo.com.mx) and Amy McAndrews (aemcandrews@yahoo.ca). Here and at San Cristóbal de las Casas & surroundings we were also guided by Francesca Albini (avearte@yahoo.com). She knows the voices and birds in that area very well and helped a lot to track down some of our target species like Pink-headed Warbler. Manuel Grosselet, one of the most competent bird guides in Mexico Accommodation and Food Except for the first night after our arrival, which was prebooked for us by Manuel in the outskirts of Mexico City, we chose our accommodation along the way. Most of the little hotels or B&Bs were known to Manuel, but also the ones we picked at random (asking people on the street) were always clean and friendly, though sometimes very simple. Food was great throughout. Mostly we stopped at lovely little street-side restaurants to have an early lunch, after having started our days early, without breakfast (but not without coffee, we could not have done without that!). The cuisine in El Triunfo was great, there we managed to regain some of the weight we had lost the days before, as mostly - after hours and hours of successful birding - we would be just too tired to eat a proper dinner and thus prefer to just drop into bed after some spoons full of (always delicious) soup.

3 Our itinerary date Itinerary (number in map) night 15 Feb. Arrival in Mexico City from Vienna/Munich via Paris in the evening (1) Mexico City 16 Feb. Mexico City surroundings: Mexico City Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma, 2) Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones (3) Parque Tarango (4) 17 Feb. La Cima (south Mex. City in direction Guernavaca, 5) Cañon del Sabino drive to Santa Maria Tecomavaca (6) 18 Feb. Cañon del Sabino (6) Etla (8) near Comedor la Abuelita, Cuicatlan (7) drive to Oaxaca 19 Feb. Monte Alban (9) Etla Arroyo Guacamaya (10) 20 Feb. drive from Etla to Teotitlán del Valle La Venta Teotitlán del Valle (11) Matatlan (12) Birding to Istmo 21 Feb. Birding Istmo north La Ventosa (13) Tuxtla Guitiérrez Puerto Arista (14) drive to Tuxtla Guitiérrez (15) 22 Feb. San Cristóbal de las Casas & surroundings: Tuxtla Guitiérrez south of abandoned airport (16) Cerro Huitepec reserve (17) Las Grutas (18) 23 Feb. Sumidero Canyon (19) Jaltenango drive from Tuxtla Guitiérrez to Jaltenango (20) 24 Feb. drive from Jaltenango (20) to Finca Prusia (trailhead) El Triunfo hike up to El Triunfo (21) 25 Feb. El Triunfo (21) El Triunfo 26 Feb. El Triunfo (21) El Triunfo 27 Feb. El Triunfo - Cañada Honda (21) El Triunfo 28 Feb. El Triunfo (21) El Triunfo 29 Feb. El Triunfo (21) to Jaltenango (20) to Tuxtla Guitiérrez (15) Tuxtla Guitiérrez

4 date Itinerary (number in map) night 1 March drive from Tuxtla Guitiérrez (15) to Nava's Wren site (Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, 22) La Venta drive to Istmo bird Laguna Superior (23) 2 March near Santo Domingo Ingenio Crucecita/ Huatulco Laguna Superior near Santa Maria Xadani (23) Blue-footed Booby colony SE Santiago Astata (24) drive to Crucecita/Huatulco (25) 3 March Pelagic trip off Crucecita (25) Crucecita/ Huatulco Coffee Finca Montecarlo (Xadani, 26) 4 March Parque Nacional Huatulco (25) San Diago de Galera Sierra Madre del Sur: drive via Pluma Hidalgo (27) to San Diago de Galera (28) 5 March road 175 south of Oaxaca Ixtlan de Juarez road 175 to Ixtlan de Juarez (29) 6 March road 175 to Tuxtepec Tuxtepec Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro (30) 7 March drive to Mexico City passing marshes along road 145D (31) flight Afternoon flight home to Vienna/Munich via Amsterdam

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6 Landscape Southern Mexico offers some highly attractive Landscapes. See some impressions below. Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma, 2), one of the best places to find Black-polled Yellowthroat View from Parque Tarango (4) to Mexico City, home of the Hooded Yellowthroat High montane pine forest at La Cima (5), habitat of the Strickland's Woodpecker

7 Open grassland at La Cima (5) is the habitat of the highly localized Sierra Madre Sparrow High-montane Forest along road 175 between Oaxaca and Tuxtepec

8 Cañon del Sabino (6); Military Macaws are breeding in the towering cliffs Road 175 traverses the Sierra Madre del Sur (here near San Diago de Galera, 28) and offers access to endemic species like Blue-capped Hummingbird, Grey-crowned Woodpecker and Red-headed Tanager

9 Sumidero Canyon north of Tuxtla Guitiérrez (19). The viewpoint is a good spot for the Slender Sheartail Cloud Forest at El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve (21), where Horned Guans are roaming the forests

10 River teeming with wildfowl west of Arriaga, Chiapas Coastal Lagoons, like here near Puerto Arista (16), are offering feeding grounds for thousands of waterbirds, most of them migrants The Pacific coast south-east of Santiago Astata; the Blue-footed Booby colony resides on the rock on the right hand-side of the picture

11 Trip List Species only heard are written grey. The list total is 541 species, of which 35 were heard only. Little Tinamou Crypturellus soui meserythrus 1 heard at the Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Thicket Tinamou Crypturellus cinnamomeus commonly heard at the Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Slaty-breasted Tinamou Crypturellus boucardi 1 heard at Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote Least Grebe Tachybaptus dominicus several: Oaxaca, Teotitlán del Valle and Istmo Pied-billed Grebe Podilymbus podiceps podiceps 1 Teotitlán del Valle, 1 Istmo Wedge-tailed Shearwater Puffinus pacificus cuneatus at least 12 during the pelagic off Crucecita Least Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma microsoma 4 during the pelagic off Crucecita Blue-footed Booby Sula nebouxii approx. 200 at the colony SE Santiago Astata Masked Booby Sula dactylatra at least 5 during the pelagic off Crucecita. Some showed orange bill like Nazca Boobies (Sula granti); might have been this species Brown Booby Sula leucogaster 1 imm. at the Blue-footed Booby colony SE Santiago Astata, at least 7 during the pelagic off Crucecita American White Pelican Pelecanus erythrorhynchus Istmo (Laguna Superior) and more than 30 Presa de Cerro de Oro Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis abundant along the Pacific coast Neotropic or Olivaceous Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus regular on fresh water bodies Anhinga Anhinga anhinga leucogaster Istmo and wetlands along road 145D Magnificent Frigatebird Fregata magnificens abundant along the Pacific coast Bare-throated Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma mexicanum 1 at the Istmo west of Arriaga Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias regularly encountered at wetlands throughout, mostly low numbers Great Egret Egretta alba egretta common at wetlands throughout Snowy Egret Egretta thula common at wetlands throughout Little Blue Heron Egretta caeruleae low numbers at wetlands throughout Tricolored Heron Egretta tricolor low numbers at wetlands throughout Reddish Egret Egretta rufescens 1 Puerto Arista, up to 10 at the Istmo (Laguna Superior) Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis ibis common in the lowlands Green Heron Butorides virescens low numbers at wetlands throughout

12 Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli several east Puerto Arista Yellow-crowned Night-Heron Nyctanassa violaceus 1 east Puerto Arista Boat-billed Heron Cochlearius cochlearia at least 2 east Puerto Arista White Ibis Eudocimus albus around Puerto Arista, Laguna Superior near Santa Maria Xadani and wetlands along road 145D White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi common at Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma), Istmo (Laguna Superior) and wetlands along road 145D Roseate Spoonbill Platalea ajaja Puerto Arista, Istmo (Laguna Superior) and wetlands along road 145D Wood Stork Mycteria americana found at wetlands in the lowlands; e.g. more than 100 Istmo Fulvous Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna bicolour 1 at a river west of Arriaga Black-bellied Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna autumnalis autumnalis more than 300 at freshwater wetlands at the Istmo and wetlands along road 145D Green-winged Teal Anas carolinensis approx. 40 Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma), common around Istmo Mexican Duck Anas platyrhynchos diazi approx. 10 Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma) Northern Pintail Anas acuta acuta Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma) and Istmo Blue-winged Teal Anas discors common at the Istmo, more than 500 west of Arriaga, also wetlands along road 145D Cinnamon Teal Anas cyanoptera septentrionalium 2 Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma), at least 5 Teotitlán del Valle, 1 at a river near Puerto Arista Northern Shoveler Anas clypeata Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma), Istmo, Puerto Arista and wetlands along road 145D Gadwall Anas strepera mostly low numbers around the Istmo American Wigeon Anas americana low numbers Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma), Istmo and Puerto Arista Redhead Aythya americana 1 Laguna Superior near Santa Maria Xadani Ring-necked Duck Aythya collaris at least 5 Teotitlán del Valle Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis jamaicensis common at Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma) and Istmo Black Vulture Coragyps atratus common throughout Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura common throughout; >1000 seen migrating over the wetlands along road 145D on 7 March

13 Turkey Vulture, Laguna Superior near Santa Maria Xadani King Vulture Sarcoramphus papa 12 nd cy along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia Osprey Pandion haliaetus several found at wetlands throughout as well as along the Pacific coast Hook-billed Kite Chondrohierax uncinatus 1 passing overhead at Sierra Madre del Sur: drive via Pluma Hidalgo to San Diago de Galera White-tailed Kite Elanus leucurus majuscules 1 along the drive from Tuxtla to Jaltenango, 1 at wetlands along road 145D Snail Kite Rostrhamus sociabilis 1 female Istmo, 1 male + 1 female wetlands along road 145D American Harrier or Marsh Hawk Circus hudsonius >10 Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma), several: Teotitlán del Valle, Istmo and drive from Tuxtla Guitiérrez to Jaltenango Sharp-shinned Hawk Accipiter striatus several seen throughout the tour, 8 in total White-breasted Hawk Accipiter chionogaster 1 El Triunfo camp Cooper's Hawk Accipiter cooperii 2 on the drive from Etla to Teotitlán del Valle Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus 3 on the drive to Puerto Arista, low numbers: Sierra Madre del Sur, road 175 south Oaxaca, Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Harris's Hawk Parabuteo unicinctus 5 along the drive to Santa Maria Tecomavaca, 2 along the drive from Etla to Teotitlán del Valle

14 Harris s Hawk, adult, near Tehuacan Grey Hawk Buteo nitidus several seen in the lowlands Roadside Hawk Buteo magnirostris several seen in the lowlands Broad-winged Hawk Buteo platypterus platypterus at least 7 seen throughout the trip Short-tailed Hawk Buteo brachyurus fulignosus at least 7 seen throughout the trip White-tailed Hawk Buteo albicaudatus hypospodius 4 Teotitlán del Valle, 1 Monte Alban, 2 along the drive from Tuxtla Guitiérrez to Jaltenango White-tailed Hawk, immature, Teotitlán del Valle Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus albonotatus 5 seen in total: Comedor la Abuelita (Cuicatlan), Istmo, Coffee Finca Montecarlo (Xadani), Sierra Madre del Sur Red-tailed Hawk Buteo jamaicensis common throughout Black Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus tyrannus serus 3 along road 175 to Tuxtepec south Valle Nacional Ornate Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus ornatus vicarius 12 nd cy on the hike up to El Triunfo

15 Ornate Hawk Eagle, 2 nd cy, El Triunfo Crested Caracara Caracara cheriway common in the lowlands Crested Caracara, Puerto Arista Laughing Falcon Herpetotheres cachinnans 6 throughout the tour, mainly lowlands Barred Forest-Falcon Micrastur ruficollis heard daily at the camp at El Triunfo, heard along road 175 to Tuxtepec American Kestrel Falco sparverius encountered regularly Bat Falcon Falco rufigularis 1 Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, 1 near wetlands along road 145D Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus 4 in total throughout the trip Plain Chachalaca Ortalis vetula 1 heard at Sumidero Canyon

16 West Mexican Chachalaca Ortalis poliocephala calling Cañon del Sabino, >10 Istmo north La Ventosa, heard Parque Nacional Huatulco White-bellied or -vented Chachalaca Ortalis leucogastra approx. 10 heard calling near Puerto Arista Highland Guan or Black Penelopina Penelopina nigra heard commonly at El Triunfo, several seen, among them 1 female breeding Crested Guan Penelope purpurascens purpurascens 1 heard Sumidero Canon, 6 along road 175 to Tuxtepec Horned Guan Oreophasis derbianus El Triunfo: 6 heard singing + 6 seen. One of the many highlights of the trip Horned Guan, El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve Long-tailed Wood-Partridge Dendrortyx macroura heard at La Cima (south Mex. City in direction Guernavaca), heard at Arroyo Guacamaya, heard and 3 seen on road 175 south of Valle Central Spotted Wood-Quail Odontophorus guttatus heard at the Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Singing Quail Dactylortyx thoracicus heard Cerro Huitepec Reserve, heard at El Triunfo + 2 and a group seen Singing Quail, male, El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve Northern Bobwhite Colinus virginianus 1 along the drive from Tuxtla Guitiérrez to Jaltenango

17 King Rail Rallus elegans 3 heard calling Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma) Sora Porzana carolina heard calling Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma) Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus cachinnans Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma), Istmo American Coot Fulica americana americana encountered regularly at wetlands throughout the trip Northern Jacana Jacana spinosa spinosa Istmo and along the drive from Tuxtla Guitiérrez to Jaltenango Limpkin Aramus guarauna dolosus >10 wetlands along road 145D Double-striped Thick-knee Burhinus bistriatus bistriatus 1 seen + several heard south La Venta (Istmo) Grey or Black-bellied Plover Pluvialis squatarola up to 20 Istmo, Puerto Arista Collared Plover Charadrius collaris 4 Laguna Superior near Santa Maria Xadani Snowy Plover Charadrius nivosus up to 5 Istmo Semipalmated Plover Charadrius semipalmatus up to 30 Istmo, Puerto Arista Semipalmated Plover, Istmo, Laguna Superior near Santa Maria Xadani Killdeer Charadrius vociferus vociferus regularly encountered throughout the trip American Oystercatcher Haematopus palliates up to 5 Istmo Black-necked or South American Stilt Himantopus mexicanus mexicanus >100 Puerto Arista, common at the Istmo American Avocet Recurvirostra americana >300 Puerto Arista Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca up to 5 Istmo and Puerto Arista Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma), Istmo, Puerto Arista Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma), Istmo Willet Catoptrophorus semipalmatus up to 30 Istmo, Puerto Arista Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularia regularly at the wetlands throughout Hudsonian Curlew Numenius hudsonicus up to 50 Istmo and Puerto Arista Marbled Godwit Limosa fedoa up to 20 Istmo and Puerto Arista Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres Istmo

18 Surfbird Aphriza virgata at least 5 Laguna Superior near Santa Maria Xadani Red Knot Calidris canutus rufa at least 30 Laguna Superior near Santa Maria Xadani Sanderling Calidris alba Istmo and pelagic off Crucecita Western Sandpiper Calidris mauri up to 20 Istmo, Puerto Arista Western Sandpiper, Laguna Superior, Istmo Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla approx. 5 Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma), up to 100 Istmo, Puerto Arista Least Sandpiper, Laguna Superior, Istmo Stilt Sandpiper Micropalama himantopus 5 near Puerto Arista Short-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus griseus up to 100 Istmo, Puerto Arista Long-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus approx. 20 Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma) Wilson's Snipe Gallinago delicate 4 Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma) Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus >500 pelagic off Crucecita Red or Grey Phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius at least a few during the pelagic off Crucecita Pomarine Skua or Jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus 2 during the pelagic off Crucecita Laughing Gull Larus atricilla common along the Pacific coast (e.g. >500 Istmo) and wetlands in Veracruz Franklin's Gull Larus pipixcan 1 Laguna Superior near Santa Maria Xadani

19 Ring-billed Gull Larus delawarensis 1 Laguna Superior near Santa Maria Xadani American Herring Gull Larus smithsonianus 1 imm. Laguna Superior near Santa Maria Xadani Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica 1 Puerto Arista, several Istmo Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia up to 10 Istmo Royal Tern Sterna maxima maxima up to 10 Istmo, Crucecita Elegant Tern Sterna elegans up to 20 Istmo, Crucecita Sandwich Tern Sterna sandvicensis up to 10 Istmo, Crucecita Forster's Tern Sterna forsteri up to 20 Istmo Least Tern Sternula antillarum 2 Istmo Black Skimmer Rynchops niger niger up to 10 Istmo Feral Pigeon Columba livia feral regularly encountered throughout Red-billed Pigeon Patagioenas flavirostris frequently seen in the lowlands Band-tailed Pigeon Patagioenas fasciata regularly encountered throughout White-winged Dove Zenaida asiatica regularly encountered throughout Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto 1 La Venta (Istmo), 3 Tuxtepec Mourning Dove Zenaida macroura regularly seen throughout Inca Dove Columbina inca regularly seen throughout Common Ground-Dove Columbina passerine regularly seen throughout Ruddy Ground-Dove Columbina talpacoti regularly seen throughout White-tipped Dove Leptotila verreauxi regularly heard throughout, few seen White-faced Quail-Dove Geotrygon albifacies common El Triunfo, many heard, few seen; also Sierra Madre del Sur and along road 175 Green Parakeet Aratinga holochlora up to 10 seen near Jaltenango Aztec Parakeet Aratinga astec 1 group at the Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Orange-fronted Parakeet Aratinga canicularis regularly seen at Pacific lowlands, up to 100 Military Macaw Ara militaris approx. 20 Cañon del Sabino; spectacular! Barred Parakeet Bolborhynchus lineola lineola 8 along road 175 to Tuxtepec Orange-chinned or Tovi Parakeet Brotogeris jugularis jugularis 6 Puerto Arista White-crowned Parrot Pionus senilis up to 4 along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia White-fronted Parrot Amazona albifrons seen regularly; up to 50 NW Istmo Lilac-crowned Parrot Amazona finschi approx. 50 Coffee Finca Montecarlo (Xadani)

20 Yellow-headed Parrot Amazona oratrix 2 near Tuxtepec Yellow-naped Parrot Amazona auropalliata 2 near Puerto Arista Squirrel Cuckoo Piaya cayana 1 heard Monte Alban, 1 heard Sumidero Canyon Pheasant Cuckoo Dromococcyx phasianellus rufigularis 1 heard El Triunfo near Finca Prusia, 1 heard along road 175 to Tuxtepec Lesser Ground-Cuckoo Morococcyx erythropygus heard at Istmo, Sumidero Canyon, Parque Nacional Huatulco Groove-billed Ani Crotophaga sulcirostris regularly seen at the lowlands Barn Owl Tyto alba 1 seen south La Venta (Istmo) Middle American or Guatemalan or Vermiculated Screech-Owl Megascops guatemalae 2 singing Sierra Madre del Sur south San Diago de Galera Bearded Screech-Owl Megascops barbarus 3 Cerro Huitepec Reserve; among them 1 perfectly seen Bearded Screech-Owl, Cerro Huitepec Reserve, Photo: Jorge Silva Great Horned-Owl Bubo virginianus 1 heard singing Cañon del Sabino Mountain Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium gnoma 1 heard singing Arroyo Guacamaya Colima Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium palmarum 2 heard singing Parque Nacional Huatulco Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium brasilianum heard commonly throughout, few seen

21 Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl near Tuxtepec Elf Owl Micrathene whitneyi 1 heard singing Cañon del Sabino Mottled Owl Strix virgata 1 pair Istmo north La Ventosa, 1 Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Fulvous Owl Strix fulvescens 1 pair heard singing every night during our stay at El Triunfo Unspotted Saw-whet Owl Aegolius ridgwayi 1 heard Cerro Huitepec reserve Lesser Nighthawk Chordeiles acutipennis Istmo; >100 near Puerto Arista Pauraque Nyctidromus albicollis 3 heard near Puerto Arista, 3 seen + several singing Istmo Buff-collared Nightjar Caprimulgus ridgwayi several heard + 1 seen Istmo north La Ventosa Buff-collared Nightjar north of La Ventosa (Istmo) Mexican Whip-poor-will Caprimulgus arizonae 3 singing Arroyo Guacamaya, common at Cerro Huitepec Reserve, heard along road 175 to Ixtlan de Juarez Chestnut-collared Swift Streptoprocne rutila seen daily at El Triunfo, Coffee Finca Montecarlo (Xadani) White-collared Swift Streptoprocne zonaris up to 40 El Triunfo, where seen daily, also along road 175 Chimney Swift Chaetura pelagic >10 along road 175 Vaux's Swift Chaetura vauxi scattered observations throughout the trip White-throated Swift Aeronautes saxatilis approx. 10 Cañon del Sabino

22 Long-tailed Hermit Phaethornis superciliosus 1 seen; approx. 12 heard singing Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote Mexican Hermit Phaethornis mexicanus 2 Coffee Finca Montecarlo (Xadani) Little Hermit Phaethornis longuemareus 2 Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, also along road 175 Long-tailed Sabrewing Campylopterus excellens 1 seen + heard singing Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote Rufous Sabrewing Campylopterus rufus 1 Cañada Honda (El Triunfo) Violet Sabrewing Campylopterus hemileucurus hemileucurus 1 Finca Prusia Green-breasted Mango Anthracothorax prevostii 1 along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia Green Violet-ear Colibri thalassinus thalassinus 4 La Cima (south Mex. City in direction Guernavaca), San Cristóbal de las Casas, 1 El Triunfo, 3 along road 175 south of Oaxaca Emerald-chinned Hummingbird Abeillia abeillei approx 12 at a courtship place at El Triunfo near trailhead, several more El Triunfo Black-crested Coquette Lophornis helenae 1 female El Triunfo camp, 1 on the way to the trailhead Black-crested Coquette, female, El Triunfo camp Canivet's or Fork-tailed Emerald Chlorostilbon canivetii common at Sumidero Canyon Golden-crowned Emerald Chlorostilbon auriceps 1 Sierra Madre del Sur: drive via Pluma Hidalgo to San Diago de Galera

23 Golden-crowned Emerald, male, Sierra Madre del Sur Dusky Hummingbird Cynanthus sordidus common around Oaxaca (e.g. Monte Alban), Teotitlán del Valle and Cañon del Sabino Dusky Hummingbird, female, Teotitlán del Valle Doubleday's Hummingbird Cynanthus doubledayi common at Istmo (e.g. >10 north La Ventosa), SE Santiago Astata, Coffee Finca Montecarlo (Xadani), Parque Nacional Huatulco White-eared Hummingbird Hylocharis leucotis common e.g. around Mexico City, along road 175 north and south of Oaxaca and around San Cristóbal de las Casas

24 White-eared Hummingbird, female, San Cristóbal de las Casas White-bellied Emerald Amazilia candida 2 Sumidero Canyon, 1 Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, 2 Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Azure-crowned Hummingbird Amazilia cyanocephala 1 Sumidero Canyon, 1 near Jaltenango Berylline Hummingbird Amazilia beryllina widespread, mostly Oaxaca and Chiapas Rufous-tailed Hummingbird Amazilia tzacatl tzacatl 2 Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote Buff-bellied Hummingbird Amazilia yucatanensis 1 Sumidero Canyon, 2 near Tuxtepec Cinnamon Hummingbird Amazilia rutila several along Pacific coast e.g. Parque Nacional Huatulco Violet-crowned Hummingbird Amazilia violiceps 1 NW Oaxaca Green-fronted Hummingbird Amazilia viridifrons 2 Istmo north La Ventosa Cinnamon-sided Hummingbird Amazilia wagneri 2 Coffee Finca Montecarlo (Xadani) Stripe-tailed Hummingbird Eupherusa eximia 3 Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote Blue-capped Hummingbird Eupherusa cyanophrys >10 Sierra Madre del Sur: drive via Pluma Hidalgo to San Diago de Galera Blue-capped Hummingbird, male, Sierra Madre del Sur

25 Green-throated Mountain-gem Lampornis viridipallens Regularly seen at El Triunfo Green-throated Mountain-gem, male, El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve Amethyst-throated Hummingbird Lampornis amethystinus >5 around San Cristóbal de las Casas Blue-throated Hummingbird Lampornis clemenciae 4 La Cima (south Mex. City in direction Guernavaca), 1 Arroyo Guacamaya, 3 males, 2 females along road 175 south of Oaxaca Garnet-throated Hummingbird Lamprolaima rhami 1 along high part of road 175 south of Valle Nacional Magnificent Hummingbird Eugenes fulgens scattered observations throughout, e.g. La Cima (south Mex. City in direction Guernavaca), Arroyo Guacamaya, San Cristóbal de las Casas & surroundings, El Triunfo. Plain-capped Starthroat Heliomaster constantii 4 Istmo north La Ventosa, Sumidero Canyon, Coffee Finca Montecarlo (Xadani) Slender Sheartail Doricha enicura 1 male, 3 female Sumidero Canyon Beautiful Hummingbird Calothorax pulcher 1 male, 2 females Istmo north La Ventosa Ruby-throated Hummingbird Archilochus colubris scattered observations throughout Broad-tailed Hummingbird Selasphorus platycercus >5 La Cima Rufous Hummingbird Selasphorus rufus 2 La Cima Bumblebee Hummingbird Atthis heloisa common at flowering roadsides of the higher parts of road 175 south of Valle Nacional, great song! Wine-throated Hummingbird Atthis ellioti 1 male, 1 female El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve near the camp Black-headed Trogon Trogon melanocephalus melanocephalus 1 at the Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Citreoline Trogon Trogon citreolus >5 Istmo north La Ventosa, Sumidero Canyon, SE Santiago Astata, common at Parque Nacional Huatulco Violaceous Trogon Trogon violaceus braccatus 2 along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia Mountain Trogon Trogon mexicanus 2 Arroyo Guacamaya, >3 San Cristóbal de las Casas & surroundings, drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia, calling road 175 south of Oaxaca as well as road 175 to Tuxtepec

26 Collared Trogon Trogon collaris regularly calling and a few encountered at El Triunfo, also Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, Sierra Madre del Sur, road 175 to Tuxtepec Resplendent Quetzal Pharomachrus mocinno mocinno displaying a lot at El Triunfo, max. 9 male + 1 female around El Triunfo camp Resplendent Quetzal, display flight, male, El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve Tody Motmot Hylomanes momotula 2 along the hike to Finca Prusia (El Triunfo) Tody Motmot, El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve Blue-throated Motmot Aspatha gularis 1 Cerro Huitepec reserve, several El Triunfo (incl. Cañada Honda) Blue-diademed Motmot Momotus momota 1 heard singing along road 175 south Valle Nacional Russet-crowned Motmot Momotus mexicanus 1 Cañon del Sabino, 1 along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia, calling Parque Nacional Huatulco

27 Ringed Kingfisher Ceryle torquatus torquatus 1 Istmo north La Ventosa, 4 along the drive from Tuxtla Guitiérrez to Jaltenango, wetlands along road 145D Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon heard calling Istmo Amazon Kingfisher Chloroceryle amazona mexicana along the drive from Tuxtla Guitiérrez to Jaltenango, Istmo Green Kingfisher Chloroceryle americana 2 along the drive from Etla to Teotitlán del Valle, along the drive from Tuxtla Guitiérrez to Jaltenango, 1 along the drive on road 175 south of Oaxaca Emerald Toucanet Aulacorhynchus prasinus heard daily El Triunfo, few seen (prasinus); A. p. wagleri (sometimes considered a separate species: Wagler s Toucanet) seen Sierra Madre del Sur as well as along road 175 to Tuxtepec Emerald Toucanet ssp. prasinus, El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve Collared Aracari Pteroglossus torquatus heard Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote Keel-billed Toucan Ramphastos sulfuratus 2 seen + heard Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote Acorn Woodpecker Melanerpes formicivorus NW Oaxaca, also along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia Golden-cheeked Woodpecker Melanerpes chrysogenys SE Santiago Astata and Parque Nacional Huatulco Grey-breasted Woodpecker Melanerpes hypopolius approx. 5 Cañon del Sabino, 4 Teotitlán del Valle

28 Grey-breasted Woodpecker, male, Teotitlán del Valle Golden-fronted Woodpecker Melanerpes aurifrons encountered regularly throughout the trip Yellow-bellied Sapsucker Sphyrapicus varius 1 Arroyo Guacamaya, 1 Sumidero Canyon, 2 Cañada Honda (El Triunfo) Ladder-backed Woodpecker Picoides scalaris surroundings of Mexico City, Comedor la Abuelita, Cuicatlan, Monte Alban, Arroyo Guacamaya, road 175 to Tuxtepec Ladder-backed Woodpecker, female, Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma) Hairy Woodpecker Picoides villosus 1 Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, regularly encountered El Triunfo Strickland's Woodpecker Picoides stricklandi 1 pair La Cima (south Mex. City in direction Guernavaca) Golden-olive Woodpecker Piculus rubiginosus several El Triunfo Reserve, calling Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, calling along road 175 south Valle Nacional Grey-crowned Woodpecker Piculus auricularis 1 seen + heard calling Sierra Madre del Sur near San Diago de Galera

29 Northern Flicker Colaptes auratus 2 La Cima (south Mex. City in direction Guernavaca), Comedor la Abuelita (Cuicatlan), San Cristóbal de las Casas & surroundings Lineated Woodpecker Dryocopus lineatus 1 Puerto Arista, 1 near Santo Domingo Ingenio (Istmo), 2 Parque Nacional Huatulco, 1 Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Pale-billed Woodpecker Campephilus guatemalensis 1 Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, 3 Parque Nacional Huatulco, 1 Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Scaly-breasted Foliage-gleaner Anabacerthia variegaticeps variegaticeps up to 5 El Triunfo Buff-throated Foliage-gleaner Automolus ochrolaemus 2 Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote Ruddy Foliage-gleaner Automolus rubiginosus 1 seen + heard calling El Triunfo Plain Xenops Xenops minutus mexicanus 2 Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote Tawny-throated Leaftosser Sclerurus mexicanus mexicanus singing nearly daily El Triunfo Olivaceous Woodcreeper Sittasomus griseicapillus 2 El Triunfo Ivory-billed Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus flavigaster 4 Sumidero Canyon, El Triunfo, heard Coffee Finca Montecarlo (Xadani) and road 175 to Tuxtepec Spotted Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus erythropygius 3 seen El Triunfo Spot-crowned Woodcreeper Lepidocolaptes affinis 7 seen + calling El Triunfo Barred Antshrike Thamnophilus doliatus 1 female Sumidero Canyon, 1 male along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia, heard Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote Paltry Tyrannulet Zimmerius vilissimus vilissimus 1 seen + several heard El Triunfo Yellow-bellied Tyrannulet Ornithion semiflavum 1 Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote Northern Beardless-Tyrannulet Camptostoma imberbe 1 Teotitlán del Valle, Sumidero Canyon, 2 Parque Nacional Huatulco Greenish Elaenia Myiopagis viridicata 1 Teotitlán del Valle, 1 Sumidero Canyon, 3 El Triunfo, 4 Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, Sierra Madre del Sur Yellow-bellied Elaenia Elaenia flavogaster subpagana heard Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Ochre-bellied Flycatcher Mionectes oleagineus assimilis 1 seen + heard El Triunfo Northern Bentbill Oncostoma cinereigulare 3 heard Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote Yellow-olive Flycatcher Tolmomyias sulphurescens cinereiceps 2 Sumidero Canyon, heard El Triunfo, 3 Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, 2 Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Belted Flycatcher Xenotriccus callizonus 4 Sumidero Canyon

30 Belted Flycatcher, Sumidero Canyon Pileated Flycatcher Xenotriccus mexicanus 2 Cañon del Sabino, heard Monte Alban Tufted Flycatcher Mitrephanes phaeocercus >7 Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, La Cima (south Mex. City in direction Guernavaca), 4 Arroyo Guacamaya, max. 6 El Triunfo also along road 175 south of Oaxaca Greater Pewee Contopus pertinax 1 NW Oaxaca, 2 Arroyo Guacamaya, 1 Teotitlán del Valle, 1 along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia, 1 Sierra Madre del Sur Yellow-bellied Flycatcher Empidonax flaviventris 1 along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia Alder / Willow Flycatcher Empidonax alnorum / traillii 2 Istmo north La Ventosa, SE Santiago Astata Least Flycatcher Empidonax minimus seen regularly throughout the trip Hammond's Flycatcher Empidonax hammondii 1 Monte Alban, 1 Teotitlán del Valle, 1 Sumidero Canyon, 3 El Triunfo, 1 along road 175 south of Oaxaca Hammond s Flycatcher, El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve Dusky Flycatcher Empidonax oberholseri 1 Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, 2 Cañon del Sabino, 1 Arroyo Guacamaya Grey Flycatcher Empidonax wrightii 1 Comedor la Abuelita, Cuicatlan, 1 Monte Alban Pine Flycatcher Empidonax affinis 1 Cañada Honda (El Triunfo) Pacific-slope or Western Flycatcher Empidonax difficilis 2 Parque Nacional Huatulco

31 Pacific Slope Flycatcher, Parque Nacional Huatulco Cordilleran Flycatcher Empidonax occidentalis 1 Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, 1 Arroyo Guacamaya, 2 along road 175 south of Oaxaca Yellowish Flycatcher Empidonax flavescens 2 San Cristóbal de las Casas & surroundings, Sumidero Canyon, seen nearly daily at El Triunfo Yellowish Flycatcher, El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve Buff-breasted Flycatcher Empidonax fulvifrons 2 Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma), 1 Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, 1 Arroyo Guacamaya, 1 Sumidero Canyon Black Phoebe Sayornis nigricans scattered observations throughout, e.g. Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma), Comedor la Abuelita (Cuicatlan), Teotitlán del Valle, along the drive from Tuxtla Guitiérrez to Jaltenango, along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia Eastern Phoebe Sayornis phoebe 1 Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma), 1 Monte Alban Say's Phoebe Sayornis saya 1 Teotitlán del Valle Vermilion Flycatcher Pyrocephalus rubinus Seen regularly throughout

32 Bright-rumped Attila Attila spadiceus heard El Triunfo, Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote and Sierra Madre del Sur, where also 1 seen Dusky-capped Flycatcher Myiarchus tuberculifer 3 heard Arroyo Guacamaya, between El Triunfo and Jaltenango, Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, along road 175 to Tuxtepec Ash-throated Flycatcher Myiarchus cinerascens Cañon del Sabino, Monte Alban, Teotitlán del Valle Nutting's Flycatcher Myiarchus nuttingi common Cañon del Sabino, also Teotitlán del Valle, north La Ventosa (Istmo), SE Santiago Astata Nutting s Flycatcher, north La Ventosa Great Crested Flycatcher Myiarchus crinitus heard Sumidero Canyon Brown-crested Flycatcher Myiarchus tyrannulus 1 Istmo north La Ventosa, SE Santiago Astata, Coffee Finca Montecarlo (Xadani), Parque Nacional Huatulco Flammulated Flycatcher Deltarhynchus flammulatus 2 seen + heard singing Parque Nacional Huatulco Great Kiskadee Pitangus sulphuratus scattered observations throughout Boat-billed Flycatcher Megarynchus pitangua Sumidero Canyon, Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, SE Santiago Astata, Coffee Finca Montecarlo (Xadani), Parque Nacional Huatulco, along road 175 south of Oaxaca Social Flycatcher Myiozetetes similis regularly observed, mainly lower areas Tropical Kingbird Tyrannus melancholicus regularly observed, mainly lower areas Couch's Kingbird Tyrannus couchii at least 1 along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia, 1 Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro; told by voice Cassin's Kingbird Tyrannus vociferans Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma), Comedor la Abuelita (Cuicatlan), Arroyo Guacamaya, Teotitlán del Valle

33 Thick-billed Kingbird Tyrannus crassirostris heard Cañon del Sabino, 1 seen + heard Parque Nacional Huatulco, 2 along road 175 south of Oaxaca Western Kingbird Tyrannus verticalis 1 along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia Scissor-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus forficatus max. >30 Istmo north La Ventosa and Puerto Arista Fork-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus savana monachus 4 along the drive from Tuxtla Guitiérrez to Jaltenango Rose-throated Becard Pachyramphus aglaiae 2 Comedor la Abuelita (Cuicatlan), 1 pair El Triunfo also at Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Masked Tityra Tityra semifasciata 3 near Jaltenango, 1 Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, 3 Coffee Finca Montecarlo (Xadani), 2 Sierra Madre del Sur also Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Rufous Piha Lipaugus unirufus unirufus calling Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote Long-tailed Manakin Chiroxiphia linearis at least 5 Cañada Honda (El Triunfo) Long-tailed Manakin, male, Cañada Honda Horned or Shore Lark Eremophila alpestris 1 Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma) Grey-breasted or White-bellied Martin Progne chalybea Istmo, e.g. >20 Laguna Superior near Santa Maria Xadani, Crucecita, Parque Nacional Huatulco Tree Swallow Tachycineta bicolor 3 Tuxtepec Mangrove Swallow Tachycineta albilinea albilinea at least 5 Crucecita Violet-green Swallow Tachycineta thalassina regularly observed throughout Black-capped or Coban Swallow Notiochelidon pileata seen daily El Triunfo, max. 12 Northern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx serripennis scattered observations throughout Cliff Swallow Petrochelidon pyrrhonota >100 migrating Istmo west of Arriaga Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica erthrogaster few: e.g. 1 Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma), 1 La Cima (south Mex. City in direction Guernavaca), Istmo and along the drive from Tuxtla Guitiérrez to Jaltenango Steller's Jay Cyanocitta stelleri Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, La Cima (south Mex. City in direction Guernavaca), Arroyo Guacamaya, San Cristóbal de las Casas & surroundings, road 175 south of Oaxaca

34 White-throated Magpie-Jay Calocitta formosa common at the Istmo, Coffee Finca Montecarlo (Xadani), Parque Nacional Huatulco Green Jay Cyanocorax luxuosus approx. 5 Sumidero Canyon, Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, Sierra Madre del Sur, road 175 to Tuxtepec Brown Jay Psilorhinus morio Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro, road 175 north Tuxtepec Black-throated Jay Cyanolyca pumilo regular at El Triunfo, where groups up to 5 observed Dwarf Jay Cyanolyca nana 2 after long search above Arroyo Guacamaya Dwarf Jay, near Arroyo Guacamaya Western Scrub- or California Jay Aphelocoma californica 1 group NW Oaxaca and Arroyo Guacamaya Mexican or Grey-breasted Jay Aphelocoma ultramarine/wollweberi 1 group, taxonomically belonging to Transvolcanic Jay (Aphelocoma ultramarina) La Cima (south Mex. City in direction Guernavaca) Unicoloured Jay Aphelocoma unicolor approx. 5 San Cristóbal de las Casas south of abandoned airport, 2 groups (4+5 birds) El Triunfo, common along higher parts of road 175 to Tuxtepec, south of Valle Nacional Common or Northern Raven Corvus corax scattered observations throughout Oaxaca Mexican Chickadee Poecile sclateri Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, La Cima, Arroyo Guacamaya, road 175 south of Oaxaca, road 175 south Valle Nacional Bridled Titmouse Baeolophus wollweberi calling Arroyo Guacamaya Bushtit Psaltriparus minimus personatus Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, La Cima, Arroyo Guacamaya, San Cristóbal de las Casas & surroundings White-breasted Nuthatch Sitta carolinensis Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, La Cima Pygmy Nuthatch Sitta pygmaea 3 Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, La Cima Brown Creeper Certhia americana 2 Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, La Cima, Arroyo Guacamaya Band-backed Wren Campylorhynchus zonatus calling San Cristóbal de las Casas south of abandoned airport, 1 seen + calling Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, road 175 south Valle Nacional

35 Grey-barred Wren Campylorhynchus megalopterus 1 group Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones Giant Wren Campylorhynchus chiapensis 1 group consisting of approx. 5 birds Puerto Arista Giant Wren, Puerto Arista Rufous-naped Wren Campylorhynchus rufinucha humilis >5 near Santa Maria Xadani, also Parque Nacional Huatulco Boucard's Wren Campylorhynchus jocosus 3 Arroyo Guacamaya, >5 Teotitlán del Valle Boucard s Wren, Teotitlán del Valle Rock Wren Salpinctes obsoletus heard Monte Alban Canyon Wren Catherpes mexicanus Cañon del Sabino, Arroyo Guacamaya, Sumidero Canyon, road 175 south of Oaxaca Sumichrast's Wren Hylorchilus sumichrasti 1 near Presa de Cerro de Oro, one of the top birds of the trip

36 Sumichrast s Wren, near Presa de Cerro de Oro Nava's Wren Hylorchilus navai 2 seen + others heard Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote. A superb species! Nava s Wren, Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote Spot-breasted Wren Thryothorus maculipectus 2 seen + singing Sumidero Canyon, 3 seen + singing Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Happy Wren Thryothorus felix 2 seen, others heard singing Parque Nacional Huatulco Rufous-and-white Wren Thryothorus rufalbus rufalbus approx. 10 Cañada Honda (El Triunfo); the ultimate tropical bird sound! Banded Wren Thryothorus pleurostictus north La Ventosa (Istmo), calling Sumidero Canyon, 2 SE Santiago Astata also Parque Nacional Huatulco Plain Wren Thryothorus modestus modestus 1 seen + heard calling Sumidero Canyon, heard near Jaltenango White-bellied Wren Uropsila leucogastra heard Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote Bewick's Wren Thryomanes bewickii Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma), Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, Monte Alban, Arroyo Guacamaya, Teotitlán del Valle House Wren Troglodytes aedon 2 Comedor la Abuelita (Cuicatlan), Arroyo Guacamaya

37 Brown-throated Wren Troglodytes brunneicollis 3 La Cima Tropical or Southern House Wren Troglodytes musculus calling Cerro Huitepec reserve, 1 seen + singing Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote; also Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Rufous-browed Wren Troglodytes rufociliatus San Cristóbal de las Casas & surroundings, heard daily El Triunfo, few seen Marsh Wren Cistothorus palustris common at Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma) White-breasted Wood-Wren Henicorhina leucosticta 1 Cañada Honda (El Triunfo), near Finca Prusia, Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Grey-breasted Wood-Wren Henicorhina leucophrys San Cristóbal de las Casas & surroundings, Sumidero Canyon, common at El Triunfo, Sierra Madre del Sur, along road 175 south and north of Oaxaca Golden-crowned Kinglet Regulus satrapa Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones and La Cima Ruby-crowned Kinglet Regulus calendula Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, La Cima, Arroyo Guacamaya, San Cristóbal de las Casas south of abandoned airport Long-billed Gnatwren Ramphocaenus melanurus heard Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote Blue-grey Gnatcatcher Polioptila caerulea regular throughout White-lored Gnatcatcher Polioptila albiloris regular along the Pacific coast White-lored Gnatcatcher, near Santiago Astata Tropical Gnatcatcher Polioptila plumbea brodkorbi Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote Eastern Bluebird Sialia sialis approx. 10 La Cima, 1 along road 175 south of Oaxaca Brown-backed Solitaire Myadestes occidentalis Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, La Cima, Arroyo Guacamaya, San Cristóbal de las Casas & surroundings, common at El Triunfo, higher parts along road 175 north and south of Oaxaca; typical bird sound of southern Mexico s forests Slate-coloured Solitaire Myadestes unicolor 3 seen + heard fantastic song Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote, also singing along road 175 south of Valle Nacional Orange-billed Nightingale-Thrush Catharus aurantiirostris heard Cañada Honda (El Triunfo), 1 Sierra Madre del Sur

38 Russet Nightingale-Thrush Catharus occidentalis 1 Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, 1 La Cima, also along road 175 south Valle Nacional Ruddy-capped Nightingale-Thrush Catharus frantzii daily up to 3 El Triunfo Ruddy-capepd Nightingale-Thrush, El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve Spotted Nightingale-Thrush Catharus dryas daily up to 4 El Triunfo Spotted Nightingale-Thrush, El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve Swainson's Thrush Catharus ustulatus calling Cañada Honda (El Triunfo), 3 Sierra Madre del Sur, calling at the Sumichrast's Wren site near Presa de Cerro de Oro Black Thrush Turdus infuscatus San Cristóbal de las Casas & surroundings, daily at El Triunfo where seen up to 2, along road 175 south of Valle Nacional American Mountain Thrush Turdus plebejus total of 5 at El Triunfo Clay-coloured Thrush Turdus grayi regularly observed throughout the trip White-throated Thrush Turdus assimilis 2 Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, 1 La Cima, 1 Arroyo Guacamaya, 1 along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia, along road 175 south of Oaxaca

39 Rufous-backed Thrush Turdus rufopalliatus 1 along road 190 on the way to the Istmo, 1 along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia, along road 175 south of Oaxaca Rufous-collared Robin Turdus rufitorques approx. 10 San Cristóbal de las Casas south of abandoned airport American Robin Turdus migratorius common around Mexico City, also Comedor la Abuelita (Cuicatlan) and around Oaxaca Grey Catbird Dumetella carolinensis 1 Sumidero Canyon, 1 along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia Blue Mockingbird Melanotis caerulescens 1 singing NW Oaxaca, >5 Monte Alban, also heard: Sierra Madre del Sur, road 175 north and south of Oaxaca Blue-and-white Mockingbird Melanotis hypoleucos singing San Cristóbal de las Casas south of abandoned airport, 4 Sumidero Canyon, 1 El Triunfo camp Northern Mockingbird Mimus polyglottos leucopterus scattered observations throughout the trip Tropical Mockingbird Mimus gilvus 1 Istmo Curve-billed Thrasher Toxostoma curvirostra 1 Cañon del Sabino, 1 Teotitlán del Valle, >5 Istmo north La Ventosa Curve-billed Thrasher, Teotitlán del Valle Ocellated Thrasher Toxostoma ocellatum 1 singing Monte Alban American or Buff-bellied Pipit Anthus rubescens 1 Almoloya del Rio (Lagunas de Lerma), 3 Teotitlán del Valle Cedar Waxwing Bombycilla cedrorum 2 along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia Grey Silky-Flycatcher Ptilogonys cinereus commonly observed at higher altitudes

40 Grey Silky Flycatcher, male and female, San Cristóbal de las Casas Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus 1 along the drive to drive to Santa Maria Tecomavaca, 1 Monte Alban, 1 Teotitlán del Valle, 1 Istmo Common or Eurasian Starling Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris along the highway east of Mexico City Slaty Vireo Vireo brevipennis 1 Monte Alban, charismatic! White-eyed Vireo Vireo griseus 4 Sumidero Canyon also along road 175 south Valle Nacional Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii 1 Comedor la Abuelita (Cuicatlan), 1 Monte Alban, 1 SE Santiago Astata, Coffee Finca Montecarlo (Xadani), 2 Parque Nacional Huatulco Blue-headed or Solitary Vireo Vireo solitarius 1 Monte Alban, 1 San Cristóbal de las Casas, 1 along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia, 3 Parque Nacional Huatulco, Sierra Madre del Sur along road 175 Cassin's Vireo Vireo cassinii 2 Monte Alban, 1 Parque Nacional Huatulco Plumbeous Vireo Vireo plumbeus 1 San Cristóbal de las Casas south of abandoned airport, 1 along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia, both taxonomically belonging to the distinct notius group Yellow-throated Vireo Vireo flavifrons 1 Sumidero Canyon, 1 along the drive from Jaltenango to Finca Prusia Hutton's Vireo Vireo huttoni 2 Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, 1 Arroyo Guacamaya, San Cristóbal de las Casas south of abandoned airport, along higher parts of road 175 south and north of Oaxaca Golden Vireo Vireo hypochryseus 1 in a mixed feeding flock Sierra Madre del Sur near San Diago de Galera Warbling-Vireo Vireo gilvus regularly observed throughout the trip Brown-capped Vireo Vireo leucophrys total of 3 El Triunfo, also heard Sierra Madre del Sur along road 175 Philadelphia Vireo Vireo philadelphicus 1 Sierra Madre del Sur along road 175 Lesser Greenlet Hylophilus decurtatus decurtatus 2 Sumidero Canyon, lower parts of El Triunfo, Reserva de la Biosfera Selva el Ocote also along road 175 south of Valle Nacional Chestnut-sided Shrike-Vireo Vireolanius melitophrys 1 singing Arroyo Guacamaya, singing near Finca Prusia (El Triunfo), 2 singing Sierra Madre del Sur along road 175