Carer activities when providing exercises with disabled person:

Transcription

1 Didactic Unit 3: General exercises Carer activities when providing exercises with disabled person: Explaining to the person being cared for why they should partake in physical exercise.. Scheduling exercise in day, week activities. Agree on exercise specification. Preparation of the person being cared for (clothes, shoes, break after meal etc) Preparation of the exercise area (temperature, tools, devices etc) Asking the person being cared for about any discomfort. Explanation and demonstration of the exercises in turns. Assisting, help and security during exercise (health and safety) Assurance to the right to intimacy of disabled person. Exposing or taking off of clothes from the parts of the body being exercised. Encouragement of active cooperation. Permanent supervision of disabled person. Pain location, pulse measuring. Ensuring and help in hygiene treatment. Ensuring relaxation time after exercises. Physical exercises for disabled persons provided by the carer have to be based on the specialist s recommendation. Kinetic Therapy is a use of dynamic activities to improve functional performance. In kinetic therapy, considerable time is spent developing specific, individualized therapeutic exercises and instructing the patient in how to perform them. The term kinetic therapy is not intended to apply to instructions in routine exercises. Do not try kinetic therapy on your own. 15

2 Mechanotherapy is a use of mechanical apparatus in treatment of disease or its results, especially in therapeutic exercises. SUGGESTIONS: Kinetic therapy and mechanotherapy should be provided by a physiotherapist. Carers can assist or realize direct exercise, ordered by the rehabilitation doctor or physiotherapist, only. Read the instruction manual of the device. Stay next to the disabled person during exercises. Many sports disciplines can be adopted for disabled persons. Sport is a powerful method of exercise for disabled persons. 16

3 Exercises, developing some of the motor abilities are especially valuable for people with acquired physical disability. Next, you will find some features of these exercises. Endurance exercises Endurance (also called sufferance) is the ability to exert yourself for a long period of time. Exercises developing endurance can be characterized by: Short intensity 4 min at least medium intensity medium or large size of activity Endurance exercises are especially beneficial for the physical and mental health of the disabled person. EXAMPLE: going for a walk with disabled person biking, swimming for a 4 min at least 17

4 Coordination exercises Coordination is the ability to repeatedly execute a sequence of movements smoothly and accurately. When providing these exercises utilise the following principles: introduce new, unknown exercises lead exercises in various circumstances use mirror exercise (reverse move) These exercises are especially beneficial for people with acquired physical disability. combine simple techniques into movement chain change techniques tasks add difficulties to the known techniques 18

5 EXAMPLE: physical mysteries, imitating of animal moves walking follow lines described on the floor Flexibility exercises Flexibility is a: movement range in joints joints ability to move smoothly in a wide range of his limited extent Flexibility training refers to any exercise method that helps the joints and tendons become more flexible over time. EXAMPLE: bends slopes turns circles Flexibility decreases with lower temperature. 19 Some benefits of flexibility training for disabled: Improved physical performance Decreased risk of injury Reduced muscle soreness Improved posture Reduced stress

6 Strength exercises Physical strength, also known as muscular strength, is the ability of a disabled person to exert force on physical objects using muscles. Increasing physical strength is the goal of strength training. Basic types of strength exercises: Isotonic (dynamic) exercise: active contraction of the muscle, moving the joint. Isometric exercise: muscle contraction, with no joint movement. Isokinetic exercise: variable resistance to a movement is performed by specialized machine, constant speed of the movement. Some benefits of strength training for disabled: Increased muscular strength Increased strength of tendons and ligaments Improved strength, balance, and functional ability Too intensive or unilaterally strength training may cause unfavorable changes. EXAMPLE: Flexing muscles of arms, legs, abdomen in a disabled person exercise with simple hand held tools - gym devices 20

7 Self- evaluation test We are going to give you the opportunity now to test your knowledge about this topic and verify what you have learnt. 1. Physical exercises for disabled persons provided by the carer have to be based on the specialist s recommendation. 2. Endurance exercises are not beneficial for disabled health. True x False 3. Flexibility training reduces the stress of a person being cared for. 4. Physical strength, also known as muscular strength, is the ability of a disabled person to exert force on physical objects using muscles. 5. Sport is a powerful method of action with disabled persons. 6. Endurance exercise takes 4 minutes, at least. 21

8 7. Coordination is the ability to repeatedly execute a sequence of movements smoothly and accurately. 8. Flexibility increases with low temperature. True x False 9. Too intensive or unilaterally strength training may cause unfavorable changes. 10. Isotonic (dynamic) exercise, characterize muscle contraction, with no joint movement. True x False 22

9 Bibliography: - S.Kowalik Physical culture of disabled Charles B.Corbin Fitness and wellness S.J.Garison podstawy rehabilitacji i medycyny fizykalnej,