Table of Contents. MySQL 5 FOR PROFESSIONALS

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1 Table of Contents SECTION I: UNDERSTANDING MySQL INSTALLATION 1. SETTING UP MYSQL... 1 INTRODUCTION... 1 DOWNLOADING MySQL... 2 Downloading MySQL For Windows... 3 Downloading MySQL For Linux...5 INSTALLING MySQL... 7 Installing MySQL On Windows... 7 Starting the MySQL Command Line Client On Windows Database Storage Engines Available Under MySQL On Windows Uninstalling MySQL On Windows Installing MySQL On Linux Determine the current MySQL version Using The Add/Remove Applications Tool Using The Manual System To Un-install MySQL (i.e. Via the Linux Command Line) Installing MySQL On Linux Using RPMs The MySQL Database - Engine Install Process MySQL Database - Interactive Character Based - Client Install MySQL Database - Devel Install MySQL Database - Bench Install MySQL Database - Embedded Install MySQL Database - Max Install MySQL Database - Shared Install Uninstalling MySQL on Linux CHANGING THE DEFAULT DATABASE STORAGE ENGINE On A Windows Box On A Linux Box SECTION II: UNDERSTANDING MySQL FUNDAMENTALS 2. MySQL DB STORAGE ENGINES ISAM Storage Engine MyISAM Storage Engine ISAM v/s MyISAM Heap Storage Engine Merge Storage Engine InnoDB Storage Engine BDB Storage Engine Example Storage Engine... 49

2 Page viii Federated Storage Engine...49 Archive Storage Engine...50 CSV Storage Engine...51 ENGINE V/S TYPE...51 TRANSACTION-SAFE V/S NON-TRANSACTION-SAFE TABLES INVOKING MySQL AND DEFINING USERS...53 STARTING MySQL INSTANCE...53 Verifying the MySQL service...53 On Windows Box...53 On A Linux Box...55 Invoking MySQL Interactive Character Based Tool...56 Exiting MySQL Interactive Character Based Tool...57 Invoking MySQL From System Prompt...58 Accessing A Remote MySQL Database From System Prompt...59 ACCESSING COMMAND LINE HELP IN MySQL...61 Help On SQL Commands...61 DEFAULT USERS PROVIDED BY MySQL ON INSTALL...62 SETTING UP THE ROOT PASSWORD IN MySQL...63 Setting The root Password...64 Using The mysqladmin Utility To Set The Root Password...64 Logging Into MySQL After Setting The Root Password...65 Directly Updating User Information To Set A Root Password...66 Issues With Updating The User Table Using SQL...68 CREATING A SUPER USER...70 When user's privileges are set...71 ADDING NEW USERS TO MySQL...72 MANIPULATING THE MySQL USER PRIVILEGE TABLE DIRECTLY...74 DELETING USERS FROM MySQL...77 CREATING PASSWORDS FOR USERS...78 Setting A Password Using SET PASSWORD...80 Setting Password Using GRANT Statements Or mysqladmin...80 SECTION III: THE BASICS OF MySQL 4. GETTING STARTED WITH MySQL...82 COMPONENTS OF SQL...82 DDL (Data Definition Language)...82 DML (Data Manipulation Language)...83 DCL (Data Control Language)...83 DQL (Data Query Language)...83 USING DATABASES...84 Creating A Database...84 The SHOW DATABASES Command...84 Case-Sensitivity Between Windows and Linux...85 The USE Command...86 TABLE OF CONTENTS

3 Page ix Database Ownership Permitting A User Access To The SMS Database The User ivan Accessing The Resources Of The SMS Database Backing Up MySQL Databases And Their Content Backing Up MyISAM Tables Backing Up InnoDB Tables Using The mysqldump Utility - The Recommended Way To Backup Restoring A Database Destroying Database HANDS ON EXERCISES BASIC SQL ELEMENTS AND TABLES IN MySQL Text Types CHAR(size) VARCHAR(size) BLOB TEXT BINARY and VARBINARY Number Types INT(size) FLOAT DECIMAL(p,s) DOUBLE(p,s) Date Types DATE DATETIME TIMESTAMP YEAR TIME Misc Types ENUM() SET CHOOSING A BUSINESS MODEL TO FOLLOW Sales Management System's Information TABLE CREATION RULES AND CHECKLIST Rules For Creating Tables A Brief Checklist When Creating Tables Creating Tables Displaying A Table's Structure HANDS ON EXERCISES PERFORMING OPERATIONS ON TABLE DATA POPULATING TABLES WITH DATA Loading Data Into A Table GLOBALLY RETRIEVING DATA FROM TABLES All Rows And All Columns

4 Page x RETRIEVING FILTERED TABLE DATA Selected Columns And All Rows Selected Rows And All Columns Selected Columns And Selected Rows MULTIPLE SELECT STATEMENTS NON-DUPLICATE ROWS SORTING DATA IN A TABLE SELECTING RECORDS FROM THE BEGINNING OR END OF A RESULT SET PULLING A SECTION FROM THE MIDDLE OF A RESULT SET DELETING DATA FROM TABLES Delete All Rows Delete Specific Row(s) UPDATING DATA IN TABLES Updating All Rows Update Specific Row(s) HANDS ON EXERCISES RESTRUCTURING TABLES IN MySQL ADDING NEW COLUMNS Adding New Columns At A Specific Location Adding New Column As The First Column DROPPING A COLUMN MODIFYING EXISTING COLUMNS Modifying Existing Column And Shifting It To A Specific Location Modifying An Existing Column And Make It The First Column RENAMING EXISTING COLUMNS Renaming An Existing Column And Shift It To A Specific Location Renaming An Existing Column And Make It The First Column RENAMING A TABLE USING ALTER TABLE CHANGING A TABLE TYPE Renaming Tables Truncating Tables Destroying Tables HANDS ON EXERCISES EXAMINING OBJECTS CREATED BY A USER FINDING OUT THE TABLE/S CREATED BY A USER DISPLAYING A TABLE STRUCTURE DISPLAYING THE STATUS OF A TABLE/S CREATED BY A USER OBTAINING AN EXISTING TABLE'S CREATE TABLE STATEMENT The SHOW CREATE TABLE Command Determining The Table Types Supported By MySQL HANDS ON EXERCISES PERFORMING OPERATIONS ON A TABLE BASED ON OTHER TABLES CREATING A TABLE FROM A TABLE INSERTING DATA INTO A TABLE FROM ANOTHER TABLE TABLE OF CONTENTS

5 Page xi Insertion Of A Data Set Into A Table From Another Table REMOVAL OF SPECIFIC ROW/S BASED ON THE DATA HELD BY THE OTHER TABLE 177 HANDS ON EXERCISES RUNNING CALCULATIONS ON TABLE DATA USING OPERATORS ARITHMETIC OPERATORS RENAMING COLUMNS USED WITH EXPRESSION LISTS LOGICAL OPERATORS The AND Operator The OR Operator Combining The AND And OR Operator The NOT Operator SEARCHING FOR SPECIFIC DATA Range Searching Pattern Matching The LIKE Predicate The IN And NOT IN Predicates Regular Expressions HANDS ON EXERCISES WORKING WITH MySQL COMMAND LINE CLIENT SHORTCUTS AVAILABLE AT MySQL PROMPT CANCELING A PARTIALLY ENTERED QUERY REPEATING AND EDITING QUERIES Using Auto-Completion For Database And Table Names Using SQL Variables In Queries Specifying Queries From The System Prompt As Arguments Customize The Output Generated By MySQL Tell MySQL To Read Queries From A File Producing HTML Output Producing XML Output Suppressing Column Headings In Query Output THE mysqlshow SHELL COMMAND List Databases Managed By The Server List Tables In The Named Database List Columns In The Named Table List Indexes In The Named Table List Status Information For The Tables In The Named Database TABLE STRUCTURE AT THE SHELL CHANGING THE MySQL PROMPT HANDS ON EXERCISES SOLUTIONS TO HANDS ON EXERCISES

6 Page xii SECTION IV: ADVANCED MySQL 12. GROUPING THE DATA RETRIEVED THE CONCEPT OF GROUPING The GROUP BY Clause HAVING Clause DETERMINING WHETHER VALUES ARE UNIQUE GROUPING BY EXPRESSIONS RESULTS GROUPING BY TABLE COLUMN POSITION ADVANCED GROUPING OPERATIONS Group By Using The ROLLUP Operator HANDS ON EXERCISES JOINS AND VIEWS JOINING MULTIPLE TABLES (EQUI JOINS) Join Styles Inner Join Outer Join Cross Join GUIDELINES FOR CREATING JOINS JOINING A TABLE TO ITSELF (SELF JOINS) VIEWS Renaming The Columns Of A View Viewing Data Via A View Filtering Data From Views Updateable Views Inserting Records Using View Updating Records Using View Deleting Records Using View View Creation Using Multiple Tables Insert Operation Using View Modify Operation Using View Delete Operation Using View Common Restrictions On Updateable Views Altering Views Destroying A View HANDS ON EXERCISES FUNCTIONS IN MySQL AGGREGATE FUNCTIONS NUMERIC FUNCTIONS STRING FUNCTIONS Retrieve Records Based On Sounds Formatting Text Using MySQL Commands Manipulating Text Using MySQL Commands DATE FUNCTIONS Limitations For Column's Default Value TABLE OF CONTENTS

7 Page xiii DATETIME Conversion Functions Decomposing Dates And Times Using Formatting Functions Decomposing Dates Or Times Using Component-Extraction Functions Decomposing Dates Or Times Using String Functions Converting Between Times And Seconds Converting Between Dates And Days Performing Leap Year Calculations Determining Whether A Date Occurs In A Leap Year MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS Determining Current Client User Determining Current Database HANDS ON EXERCISES CONSTRAINING TABLE DATA APPLYING DATA CONSTRAINTS Column Level Constraints Table Level Constraints TYPE OF DATA CONSTRAINTS I/O Constraints Primary Key PRIMARY KEY Constraint Defined At Column Level PRIMARY KEY Constraint Defined At Table Level Auto Generate Primary Key Values For A Table Foreign Key FOREIGN KEY Constraint Defined At Column Level FOREIGN KEY Constraint Defined At Table Level FOREIGN KEY Constraint Defined With ON DELETE CASCADE FOREIGN KEY Constraint Defined With ON DELETE SET NULL The Unique Key Constraint The UNIQUE Constraint Defined At Column Level The UNIQUE Constraint Defined At Table Level NULL Value Concepts The NOT NULL Constraint Defined At Column Level Working With NULL Values Negating A Condition On A Column That Contains NULL Values Replacing NULL Values With Other Values For Display Specifying A Default Value For A Table Column Business Rule Constraints The CHECK Constraint CHECK Constraint Defined At Column Level CHECK Constraint Defined At Table Level ASSIGNING USER DEFINED NAMES TO CONSTRAINTS DEFINING DIFFERENT CONSTRAINTS ON A TABLE DEFINING INTEGRITY CONSTRAINTS VIA THE ALTER TABLE COMMAND DROPPING INTEGRITY CONSTRAINTS VIA THE ALTER TABLE COMMAND THE EXPLAIN SELECT STATEMENT HANDS ON EXERCISES

8 Page xiv 16. SUBQUERIES AND UNION SUBQUERY THE UNION CLAUSE HANDS ON EXERCISES INDEXING IN MYSQL ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF INDEXING CREATING INDEXES Simple Index Composite Index Unique Index MULTIPLE INDEXES Problems With Indexes DROPPING INDEXES SHOW INDEX COMMAND MYSQL FULL-TEXT SEARCH HANDS ON EXERCISES STORED PROCEDURES, TRANSACTIONS AND CURSORS STORED PROCEDURES Why Use Stored Procedures Structure Of Stored Procedure SUPPORTED SQL STATEMENTS IN PROCEDURES Creating Dynamic Procedures Using The IN Parameter Adding Records To The Table Using Procedure With IN Parameter Deleting Records Using A Procedure Using The OUT Parameter Using The INOUT Parameter Retrieving Table Data From Stored Procedure Using Variables Dropping A Procedure TRANSACTIONS MySQL Transactions Closing Transactions Automatic Commits COMMIT Statements That Cause An Implicit Commit ROLLBACK SAVEPOINT CURSORS Explicit Cursor Declaring Cursors The Functionality Of Open, Fetch And Close Commands Opening A Cursor Fetching A Record From The Cursor TABLE OF CONTENTS

9 Page xv Cursor FETCH Statement Closing A Cursor Handlers HANDS ON EXERCISE SOLUTIONS TO HANDS ON EXERCISES SECTION V: USING MySQL WITH INTERNET BASED MIDDLEWARE 19. USING PHP WITH MySQL BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT PHP The Architecture On Which PHP Works USING THE PHP API FOR MySQL Configuring MySQL Support With PHP On Linux Configuring MySQL Support With PHP On Windows TESTING PHP WITH MySQL Connecting To The Database Selecting The Database Executing Commands Outputting Data Counting Rows Setting Up The Loop Extracting Values From Result Set Rendering Records On VDU Using Tables Closing The Connection To The Database RUNNING THE PHP PROGRAM USING PERL WITH MySQL Background Information About PERL The Architecture On Which Perl Works USING THE PERL API FOR MySQL Configuring MySQL Support With PERL Configuring MySQL Support With PERL On Linux Configuring MySQL Support With PERL On Windows Installing The DBI Installing The DBD-mysql TESTING PERL WITH MySQL Connecting and Selecting the Database Executing Commands Outputting Data Setting Up The Loop Extracting Values From Result Set Rendering Records On VDU Using Tables Closing The Connection To The Database RUNNING THE PERL PROGRAM

10 Page xvi SECTION VI: USING MySQL WITH A PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT 21. USING VISUAL BASIC WITH MySQL DOWNLOADING THE MySQL CONNECTOR DRIVERS INSTALLING THE MySQL CONNECTOR/ODBC IMPLEMENTING THE SALES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM The Entity Relationship - Sales Management System Creating Database Table Designing ProductMaster GUI GUI PROCESSING Connecting To The Database Code For Generating Recordset PSEUDO CODE FLOW OF THE ProductMaster FORM THE ProductMaster FORM AT RUN-TIME USING JAVA WITH MySQL BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT JAVA The Architecture On Which JAVA Works The JAVA Platform DOWNLOADING JDBC CONNECTOR DRIVER INSTALLING JDBC:MySQL DRIVER ON WINDOWS INSTALLING JDBC:MySQL DRIVER ON LINUX Test The Installation TESTING JAVA WITH MySQL Connecting And Selecting The Database Executing Commands Outputting Data Setting Up The Loop Extracting Values From Result Set Rendering Records On VDU Using Tables Closing The Resources RUNNING THE JAVA PROGRAM USING GAMBAS WITH MySQL SETTING UP GAMBAS Getting Gambas Pre-Installation Requirements IMPLEMENTING THE SALES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM The Entity Relationship - Sales Management System Creating Database Table Designing ProductMaster GUI GUI PROCESSING Connecting To The Database Code For Generating Recordset Pseudo Code Flow Of The ProductMaster Form Inserting Product Details Handling Validations TABLE OF CONTENTS

11 Page xvii Updating Product Details Deleting Product Details Viewing Product Details Canceling An Operation SECTION VII: USING MySQL's GRAPHICAL DATABASE MANAGEMENT TOOLS 24. phpmyadmin Some History DOWNLOADING phpmyadmin INSTALLING phpmyadmin STARTING phpmyadmin GETTING STARTED WITH phpmyadmin Creating Database Destroying Database Creating User Granting Permission To User Working With Tables Creating A Table Populating The Table With Data Retrieving Data From Tables Retrieving All Rows and Columns Retrieving Selected Columns And All Rows Retrieving Selected Rows And All Columns Retrieving Selected Columns And Selected Rows Deleting Data From Tables Updating Data In Tables The Structure Of A MySQL Database The Structure Of A MySQL Table Restructuring Tables Adding New Columns Dropping A Table Column Modifying Existing Table Columns Renaming A Table Truncating A Table Destroying A Table LOG OUT OF phpmyadmin MySQL QUERY BROWSER DOWNLOADING MySQL QUERY BROWSER Downloading MySQL Query Browser For Linux Downloading MySQL Query Browser For Windows INSTALLING THE MySQL QUERY BROWSER Installing MySQL Query Browser On Windows Starting the MySQL Query Browser On Windows Installing MySQL Query Browser On Linux

12 Page xviii Starting The MySQL Query Browser On Linux GETTING STARTED WITH MySQL BROWSER The Main Query Window USING MySQL QUERY BROWSER Creating Schema / Database Dropping a Schema / Database Creating Tables Entering and Editing Queries Manually Building Queries Inserting Data In The Database Table Selecting Records From The Database Table Updating The Records Deleting The Records From The Database Table Dropping The Table Using JOINS Creating Views Navigating Result Sets Within The Result Area Exporting Result Sets Export as CSV File Export as HTML File Export as XML File Export as EXCEL File Export as PLIST File SECTION VIII: MySQL DATA REPLICATION 26. ONE-WAY DATA REPLICATION IN MySQL ON LINUX Type Of Data For Data Replication Purpose Of Data Replication The Replication Rules HOW ONE-WAY REPLICATION WORKS IN MySQL Benefits Of ONE-WAY replication Replication Is Not GETTING STARTED Steps To Setup ONE-WAY Replication TESTING THE REPLICATION SETUP ONE-WAY DATA REPLICATION IN MySQL ON WINDOWS GETTING STARTED Steps To Setup ONE-WAY Replication TESTING THE REPLICATION SETUP TABLE OF CONTENTS

13 Page xix SECTION IX: APPENDIX A. INSTALLING THE FEDORA CORE 3 OPERATING SYSTEM INSTALLING FEDORA CORE USING THE BOOT LOADER SOFTWARE