Dismantling system of lithium-ion-batteries

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Dismantling system of lithium-ion-batteries"

Felix Short
7 years ago
Views:

1 ELECTRO MOBILITY Assessing the Shift from Energy Efficiency to Material Efficiency in the Automotive Life Cycle Dismantling system of lithium-ion-batteries Nirugaa Natkunarajah, M.Sc. University of Siegen, Germany Tuesday, July 22, 2014 Nirugaa Natkunarajah, M.Sc. Chair of Automated Manufacturing University of Siegen Slide 1

Clean Energy Ministerial 2013 Existing automated disassembly specified to product/ manual disassembly Scrap export from

2 MOTIVATION Rising numbers of electric cars Recovery of valuable materials istockphoto According the Global EV Outlook from the Clean Energy Ministrial there will be 20 Million EV passenger cars on the road worldwide by Clean Energy Ministerial 2013 Existing automated disassembly specified to product/ manual disassembly Scrap export from industrialized countries Greenpeace Eo-recycling Nirugaa Natkunarajah, M.Sc. Chair of Automated Manufacturing University of Siegen Slide 2

AGENDA Lifecycle Challenges Dismantling steps 1 2 Lifecycle 3 Challenges in the automated dismantling 4 5 Analysis of the dismantling steps Evaluation

3 AGENDA Lifecycle Challenges Dismantling steps 1 2 Lifecycle 3 Challenges in the automated dismantling 4 5 Analysis of the dismantling steps Evaluation of the capacity for automation 6 Future steps for automation Nirugaa Natkunarajah, M.Sc. Chair of Automated Manufacturing University of Siegen Slide 3

DESIGN & VARIETY Lifecycle Challenges Dismantling steps BATTERY PACK battery housing management system cell contact system clamping elements electrical connections BATTERY MODULE BATTERY CELL

4 DESIGN & VARIETY Lifecycle Challenges Dismantling steps BATTERY PACK battery housing management system cell contact system clamping elements electrical connections BATTERY MODULE BATTERY CELL management system cooling plates cell arrestors cell housing aluminum collector cathode separator with electrolyte anode copper folio Soures: 2013 A123 Systems, LLC. All rights reserved. Nirugaa Natkunarajah, M.Sc. Chair of Automated Manufacturing University of Siegen Slide 4

5 DESIGN & VARIETY Lifecycle Challenges Dismantling steps Sources: Autobild.de Cell type cylindric prismatic pouch Short distance Long distance Application Application and cycling time Variety of material of the cell components anode cathode separator electrolyte Energy density Watt hours Capacity Current Voltage Technical key figures Cooling gas liquid solid Components of pack and modules arrester housing current collector MMS Level of defect in pack, module, cell Reuse of intact components Condition at the end-of-life VARIETY OF BATTERIES Nirugaa Natkunarajah, M.Sc. Chair of Automated Manufacturing University of Siegen Slide 5

between reuse, restoration and material recycling Secondary application: Mobile and stationary applications forklifts,

6 LIFECYLCE Lifecycle Challenges Dismantling steps Manufacturing: high variety utilization of finite resources partially automated Primary application: charge cycle km 6-10 years 100% 80% Recycling: differentiation between reuse, restoration and material recycling Secondary application: Mobile and stationary applications forklifts, agricultural machines or energy storage Nirugaa Natkunarajah, M.Sc. Chair of Automated Manufacturing University of Siegen Slide 6

CHALLENGES IN THE AUTOMATED DISMANTLING Lifecycle Challenges Dismantling steps For an efficient recycling certain disassembly steps should be automated The challenges of the automated disassembly lay

7 CHALLENGES IN THE AUTOMATED DISMANTLING Lifecycle Challenges Dismantling steps For an efficient recycling certain disassembly steps should be automated The challenges of the automated disassembly lay in VARIETY due to the lack of standards and guidelines Fluctuations in the QUANTITIES Fast product changes and CONTINOUS DEVELOPMENTS UNCERTAINTY about the condition at the end-of-life HAZARDOUS COMPONENTS in the batteries Nirugaa Natkunarajah, M.Sc. Chair of Automated Manufacturing University of Siegen Slide 7

8 ANALYSIS OF THE DISMANTLING STEPS Lifecycle Challenges Dismantling steps Nirugaa Natkunarajah, M.Sc. Chair of Automated Manufacturing University of Siegen Slide 8

9 THE CAPACITY FOR AUTOMATION Lifecycle Challenges Dismantling steps In order to determine the capacity of automation the NEED FOR AUTOMATION and the POTENTIAL FOR AUTOMATION were analyzed. 1. Criteria referring process, safety and component were defined. 2. Criteria were weighted by pairwise comparison. 3. Each criteria was scored with -1=negative, 0=no, +1=positive influence on the need respectively potential for automation. 4. Finally the scores of the criteria for the need and the potential for automation are summed and depicted in a portfolio matrix. In total 16 different dismantling steps and18 different handling steps have been evaluated. Nirugaa Natkunarajah, M.Sc. Chair of Automated Manufacturing University of Siegen Slide 9

10 THE CAPACITY FOR AUTOMATION Lifecycle Challenges Dismantling steps Need for automation Necessity of automation H=Handling D=Dismantling 40 Capacity of automation Potential for automation Nirugaa Natkunarajah, M.Sc. Chair of Automated Manufacturing University of Siegen Slide 10

11 CURRENT PLANT LAYOUT FOR BATTERY DISASSEMBLY Lifecycle Challenges Dismantling steps Nirugaa Natkunarajah, M.Sc. Chair of Automated Manufacturing University of Siegen Slide 11

1 kg Dimension: 282 x 222 x 13 mm Cathode: LiFePO 4 on aluminum collector Anode: Graphite on copper folio

12 CURRENT PLANT LAYOUT FOR BATTERY DISASSEMBLY Lifecycle Challenges Dismantling steps CELL INFORMATION: Li-Ion-Cell from Enertech Pouch-cell Weight: 1.1 kg Dimension: 282 x 222 x 13 mm Cathode: LiFePO 4 on aluminum collector Anode: Graphite on copper folio Separator: PVDF CELL DISASSEMBLY: Storage Dismantling station Robot with cutting tool and vacuum gripper Nirugaa Natkunarajah, M.Sc. Chair of Automated Manufacturing University of Siegen Slide 12

13 FURTHER STEPS FOR AUTOMATION Lifecycle Challenges Dismantling steps Lithium-ion-batteries demand for a FLEXIBLE PARTIALLY-AUTOMATED DISMANTLING CELL which is expandable to new variants and for higher quantities. Dismantling database for lithium-ion-batteries Complement International Dismantling Information System (IDIS) Modular design of the dismantling cell for the gradual increase of automation Further development of sensor-guided dismantling robots, adaptable dismantling tools and flexible grippers Nirugaa Natkunarajah, M.Sc. Chair of Automated Manufacturing University of Siegen Slide 13

14 Thank you! Nirugaa Natkunarajah, M.Sc. University of Siegen Department of Mechanical Engineering Chair of Automated Manufacturing and Assembly Paul Bonatz Straße 9 11 D Siegen Germany Phone: +49 (0) 271 / Fax: +49 (0) 271 / nirugaa.natkunarajah@uni siegen.de Nirugaa Natkunarajah, M.Sc. Chair of Automated Manufacturing University of Siegen Slide 14

SAFE HARBOR STATEMENT

SAFE HARBOR STATEMENT This presentation contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Federal Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 conveying management s expectations as to