Anatomy of the Ear. Component 3-Terminology in. Settings. Ears, Nose and Throat. Component 3/Unit8-8a

Transcription

1 Component 3-Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Unit 8-Ears, Nose, Throat, Eyes and Vision Lecture 8a-Ears, Nose, and Throat This material was developed by The University of Alabama at Birmingham, funded by the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology under Award Number 1U24OC Ears, Nose and Throat Objectives Define, understand and correctly pronounce medical terms related to the ears, nose and throat Describe the following related to the ears, nose, throat common diseases and conditions laboratory and diagnostic procedures medical and surgical procedures medications 2 Anatomy of the Ear Outer ear Referred to as the auricle or pinna Middle ear Auditory ossicles Malleus Incus Stapes Tympanic membrane 3 1

2 Hearing Loss and Deafness Reasons for Hearing Loss Heredity Ear infections Meningitis Trauma Certain medicines Long-term exposure to loud noises Aging Possible Treatments Hearing aid Cochlear implants Special training Certain medicines Surgery 4 Anatomy of the Ear Inner Ear Location Large cavity in the temporal bone Sensory organs Cochlea Three fluid-filled canals Organ of Corti 5 Ear Disorders and Diseases Acoustic Neuroma Noncancerous nerve tumor One-sided hearing loss Ringing in ears Dizzyness Balance problems Diagnostic tests Ear exams Hearing tests Scans Surgery Radiation 6 2

3 Ear Disorders and Diseases Dizziness and Vertigo Light-headed, loss of balance=dizziness Surroundings seem to whirl around=vertigo Ear Infections Otitis media Common in young children Pain, ear drainage, hearing problems Medications Ear tubes 7 Ear Disorders and Diseases Meniere s Disease Tinnitus (roaring in ears) Hearing comes and goes Ear pressure or pain Changing diet Medications Surgery 8 Ear Disorders and Diseases Meniere s Disease Noise Hazardous Sound levels >80 decibels 9 3

4 Ear Disorders and Diseases Meniere s Disease Etiology (or cause) Noise Tinnitus Roaring in ears May be symptom of other health problems Hearing aids, sound masking devices, medications 10 Nose and Throat Overview Nose External opening to the respiratory tract Acts as a filter and humidifier for the air breathed Functions as the organ for the sense of smell Throat Pharynx Commonly called the throat Connects the mouth and nose to the larynx Larynx Commonly called the voice box Connects the pharynx with the trachea Trachea Commonly called the windpipe Pathway for air to reach the chest 11 Nasal Cavity Disorders Allergy Reaction of immune system Etiology Genetic and environmental Runny nose Sneezing Itching Rashes Swelling Asthma 12 4

5 Nasal Cavity Disorders Allergy Definition Etiology Common Cold Most common illness No cure Hay Fever Seasonal allergy Allergy medications Nasal sprays 13 Nasal Cavity Disorders Deviated Septum Nasal Polyps Nosebleeds Rhinitis Sinusitis Sinuses infected or inflamed 14 Nasal Cavity Disorders Nasal Cancer Nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses Risk Factors Gender and Age Surgery Radiation Chemotherapy

6 Cough Acute Chronic Throat Disorders 16 Throat Disorders Cough Acute Chronic Diphtheria Bacterial infection of nose and throat Bad sore throat Swollen glands Fever and chills 17 Throat Disorders Cough Acute Chronic Diphtheria Definition Streptococcal Infections Group A and B Antibiotics used for both 18 6

7 Streptococcal Infections Group A Strep throat a sore, red throat, sometimes with white spots on the tonsils Scarlet fever red rash on the body Impetigo a skin infection Toxic shock syndrome - a rare disease caused by certain toxins produced by certain strains of this Staph aureus Cellulitis 19 Streptococcal Infections Group A Strep throat a sore, red throat, sometimes with white spots on the tonsils Scarlet fever red rash on the body Impetigo a skin infection Toxic shock syndrome - a rare disease caused by certain toxins produced by certain strains of this Staph aureus Cellulitis Group B Causes blood infections, pneumonia and meningitis in newborns Screening exam during pregnancy Causes infections in urinary tract, blood and skin; also pneumonia in adults 20 Head and Neck Cancers Location of Cancers Mouth Nose Sinuses Salivary glands Throat Lymph nodes in the neck 21 7

8 Ears Combining Forms Word Part Meaning Key Term acous/o hearing acoustic aur/o ear aural audi/o hearing audiology myring/o eardrum myringotomy ot/o ear otorrhea tympan/o eardrum tympanoplasty 22 Unit 8 Tell me, Detective.... A six month old male baby is brought to the pediatric clinic. The mother states the baby has been crying nonstop, not sleeping, has a fever, and is pulling at his ears. If the physician notes a bulging membrane in the exam of the right ear, what would be a likely diagnosis? 23 For additional information on content covered in this unit, please visit: < eandthroat.html> 24 8