Biological Diversity

Transcription

1 Biological Diversity REDD+ Safeguards: Fundamental; Not an add-on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Servervice DAY 2 5 December Dr. Ryo Kohsaka Associate Prof. Kanazawa Univ. IGES Fellow Visiting Researcher at United Nations University IAS Advisor to COP10 Promotion Committee (until 2011 March)

2 Question: Are these good forests?

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5 Different Perception

6 Woodland Resource Use Value Non-Use Value Direct Use Value Indirect Use Value Optional Use Value Bequest Value Existence Value e.g. timber revenues From development e.g. recreation (various forms) carbon fixing From conservation e.g. future personal recreation e.g. future generations recreation or nature preservation wants e.g. preserving biodiversity Total Development Benefits Total Conservation Benefits

7 Impact of Biodiversity Ecosystem Service Biodiversity Cultural Service Non-Use Value TEV Resilience Ecosyste m Function Provisional Service Regulating Service Supporting Service Direct use value Indirect use value Guarantee Benefits and Costs of Forest Biodviersity Mullan K. and Kontoleon (2008) Univ. of Cambridge

8 Explanation

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10 Biodiversity and Convention (CBD)

11 Objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Conservation of biological diversity Sustainable use of its components Fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources

12 Thematic Programmes of Work VISION BASIC PRINCIPLES PRIORITIES AND TARGETS GUIDANCE ON NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION Marine and Coastal biodiversity Inland waters biodiversity Agricultural biodiversity Dry and subhumid lands biodiversity Forest biodiversity Mountain biodiversity Island biodiversity

13 Cross-cutting Work Programmes Access and Benefit-sharing Sustainable Tourism Traditional knowledge 8(j) Protected areas Alien species Technology Transfer Scientific Assessment Global Taxonomy Initiative Indicators Education and Public Awareness

14 Defining Biological Diversity the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems. Biological resources is defined to include genetic resources, organisms or parts thereof, populations, or any other biotic component of ecosystems with actual or potential use of value for humanity.

15 Structure of the Convention simplified 191 Parties & EC COP SBSTTA Meeting AHTEG Meeting Meeting Secretariat

16 Structure of the Convention MOP Conference of the Parties (COP) Compl. L & R ABS 8 (j) PAs Impl. SBSTTA Financial Mechanism (GEF) AHTEG Secretariat

17 Implementation GOVERNMENTS INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS CIVIL SOCIETY PRIVATE SECTOR MOP Conference of the Parties (COP) Programmes of Work Guidelines etc. Compl. L & R ABS 8 (j) PAs Impl. SBSTTA Financial Mechanism (GEF) AHTEG Secretariat CHM

18 Forestry Discussions National vs Int. Collaboration Illegal logging/ Unauthorized harvesting (North-South) Network of protected areas Biofuel Genetically modified products

19 What is science-policy interface? as social processes which encompass relations between scientists and other actors in the policy process, and which allow for exchanges, co-evolution, and joint construction of knowledge with the aim of enriching decision-making Koetz, T., Bridgewater, P., van den Hove, S., Siebenhüner, B. (2008) The role of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice to the Convention on Biological Diversity as science-policy interface. Environmental Science and Policy 2:

20 Structure of the Convention simplified 191 Parties & EC COP SBSTTA Meeting AHTEG Meeting Meeting Secretariat

21 What is "DPSIR? * Driving force-pressure-state- Impact-Response Original Model Pressure-State-Response OECD instantiated in the 1990s * MEA model/ EEA adopt the framework

22 Example) MA Framework Human Well-being and Poverty Reduction Basic material for a good life Health Good Social Relations Security Freedom of choice and action Human Well-being Ecosystem Services Indirect Drivers of Change (governance and institutionademographic Economic Indirect (globalization, trade, market and policy framework) Sociopolitical Drivers l framework) Science and Technology Cultural and Religious Direct Drivers of Change Changes in land use Species Direct introduction or removal Technology adaptation and use Drivers External inputs (e.g., irrigation) Resource consumption Climate change Natural physical and biological drivers (e.g., volcanoes)

23 Thank you! RyoKohsaka: Facebook

24 Existing Liteature SCBD Secretariat Siebenhüner B. (2007) Administrator of global biodiversity SBSTTA Koetz et al (2008)The role of the SBSTTA to CBD as sciencepolicy interface History/Legal Reviews McGraw, D. (2002) The CBD: Key Characteristics and Implications for Implementation

25 SBSTTA Issues Political negotiation starts (topic, budget, etc) Inputs for in-session documents are weak Inter-session paper by secretariat is the main Linkage with other scientific process Roster of experts are not always working

26 SATOYAMA Initiative Socio-ecological production landscape (and seascape): SEPL Source:JSSA Satoyama-Satoumi Ecosystems and Human Well-Being