Proposal Title:Governance and REDD Readiness in Tanzania: Where in the Forest Governance PFM and REDD implementation Challenges Underlain?

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1 CCIAM Program PhD Student Seminar Presentation at Noragric UMB Candidate name: Angelingisi Makatta Candidate Background: MSc. (Coastal & Marine Ecological Management); BSc. (Forestry) Proposal Title:Governance and REDD Readiness in Tanzania: Where in the Forest Governance PFM and REDD implementation Challenges Underlain? Supervisors:-Prof.Maganga Faustin(UDSM) -Prof. Tor Benjaminsen(UMB) -Prof. Majule Amos(UDSM)

2 Introduction Increasing warming on Earth s lower atmosphere (global warming) has hampered normal functioning of global circulations (Climate change) Consequently it has impacted negatively on ecosystem functions in delivery of goods and services that underlies life support systems on Earth. Causes found to be increased GHGs from human activities including land use, and land use change particularly forest degradation and deforestation in Tropical forests

3 Deforestation and Forest degradation contribute about 17% of global GHG emissions Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD) initiative under UNFCCC is an immediate solution to Climate change mitigation Implementation of REDD as a viable mechanism to mitigate Climate change requires: -Take into account needs of local forest dependant people -Conservation of biological diversity -Enhance C02 sequestration and preservation of carbon stock resulted from avoided deforestation and degradation That needs to guarantee permanence, additionality and control of leakage

4 Problem Studies from diverse number of scholars have recognised the importance of good forest governance for success of REDD initiatives REDD policies suggested the initiatives to be internalized in and mainstreamed in existing national developmental frameworks. In Tanzania REDD national programme have been adopted in the framework of national Participatory forest Management programme(pfm) However, implementation of PFM has faced several critical challenges on its effectiveness and sustainability These challenges can also impair REDD effectiveness Similar challenges have been also reported in other countries in implementing PFM regimes (most of developing countries)

5 Many scholars have linked these PFM implementation challenges with governance However little have been done to pinpoint area of weakness in forest governance where the challenges underlain. Understanding of areas of weakness in forest governance where the challenges are linked will ease finding ways to fix the problems Recognising the need for clear understanding of governance areas of weaknesses in forest sectors, FAO in collaboration with World Bank (PROFOR),UN-REDD, and FLEGT have established the Framework model for Assessing and Monitoring Forest Governance in 2011 The model is applicable at all levels from International, regional, national to local project levels

6 Main reported challenges for PFM and which that are linked to governance include: (i)benefit flows and distributional effects(benefit sharing mechanism) (ii) Weak institutional administrative capacity to manage resources at local level (iv) Corruption, lack of transparency, accountability and weak participation of managing system (v) Community legal rights over the resources and land tenure (vi) Community knowledge or perceived value of their forests over other land uses (vii) Policy and legislation to ensure permanence, control leakage and enhance additionally

7 Main objective of the study To analyze forest governance and pinpoint areas of weakness where challenges to effective PFM and REDD programmes are linked and propose for solution. The study case is Kolo Hills forests managed under PFM and REDD pilot project in Kondoa district. This study will base on a recent consolidated governance definition by IUCN, (2010), that is the interaction of rules, institutions, processes and principles through which a society exercises powers and responsibilities to make and implement decisions.

8 Working objectives To assess governance status in management of Kolo Hills forests on the bases of principles of good governance, and identifies potential barriers to effective JFM and REDDS projects. To assess actors/stakeholders awareness on their rights and responsibilities, and effectiveness in management at Kolo hill forests. To explore community and other actors perceptions on benefit sharing under JFM, CBFM and REDD pilot project, and their recommendation for future carbon benefits from Kolo hills forests. To analyze power relations and interaction among PFM and REDD stakeholders To explore community perceived value of forests as compared to other land uses that could be carried on that forest land.

9 Study site Methodology Study site is Dodoma Region, specifically on Kolo Hills forests in Kondoa district At community level the study will cover 9 villages involved in management of 3 forests under PFM. -1 forest practicing JFM and REDD pilot project -1 forest practicing JFM without REDD -1 forest practicing CBFM At institutional level it will cover all actors/ stakeholders at district council and regional level Including NGOs, CBOs and others

10 Activities -Identify existence of the main PFM problems from the literature on management of forests at the study site -Identify of other problems not mentioned in the literature -Assess governance situation under JFM, REDD pilot project and CBFM projects with the aid of the framework model -Identify link between the governance situation with the problems -Establish and propose adjustment for improvement

11 Data collection Use mixed-mode survey designs or triangulation approach Survey tools include: household questionnaire survey, focused group discussion guided by checklist of questions, structured and semi-structured interviews PRA techniques will be used including Venn diagramming, matrix scoring and ranking, resource mapping and researcher observation. Secondary data will be collected from various sources; publications on local and international scientific journals and also from local and international archives. - Also from documentations from Projects at the site

12 Data analysis Unvaried Quantitative and qualitative analysis with the aid of SPSS software program Multivariate analysis with aid of Canoco software program SWOT analysis through focused group discussion and implication of forest governance status on REDD implemetation

13 THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION