The Role of Energy Networks in Developing Renewable Energy Sources in China

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1 University Press Scholarship Online You are looking at 1-8 of 8 items for: keywords : renewable energy sources The Role of Energy Networks in Developing Renewable Energy Sources in China Wang Mingyuan in Energy Networks and the Law: Innovative Solutions in Changing Markets Published in print: 2012 Published Online: May 2012 ISBN: eisbn: acprof:oso/ China is in the transformation phase from a rural society to an industrial society, from a planned economy to a market economy. The major challenges which China's power industry is facing are: how to establish and improve an effective power market mechanism and the supporting governmental administrative system; how to improve energy efficiency; how to safeguard security of energy supply; how to improve the coaloriented energy mix; and how to promote the healthy and orderly development of renewable energy. This chapter provides an introduction to the market reforms in China's power industry; analyses the influence of renewable energy sources on energy network enterprises such as grid companies; and discusses the basic duties, difficulties, and the possible solution of China's network companies with regard to the promotion of renewable energy sources. Renewable Energy in National Legislation: Challenges and Opportunities Richard L. Ottinger, Lily Mathews, and Nadia Elizabeth Czachor acprof:oso/ Energy from renewable sources holds great promise for meeting the energy and development needs of countries throughout the world, without the negative external impacts of fossil fuels. This promise is particularly strong for developing countries where many areas Page 1 of 6

2 have not yet committed to fossil fuel dominance, and where some two billion people have no access to electricity. Renewable energy sources vary widely in technical and economic characteristics, and include a considerable number of proven and emerging technologies. Hydropower, wind energy, biomass, geothermal energy, and solar energy are the most established and widely used types of renewable energy. Virtually every expert who has addressed the energy aspects of sustainable development and the need to move to a low-carbon future has concluded that renewable resources should play a major role. This chapter examines the economic, social, and legal barriers that prevent established renewable energy resources from reaching their potential and how they can be overcome by implementing effective types and mixes of legislation. Reducing Carbon-Based Electricity Generation: Is the Answer Blowing in the Wind? Aileen Mcharg and Anita Rønne acprof:oso/ In 1997, the European Union (EU) resolved to increase the overall share of renewable energy sources (encompassing heating, electricity generation, and transport) within the EU to 12 per cent by The main reasons for adopting these targets are to mitigate climate change and to increase the diversity and security of European energy supply. This chapter examines some of the obstacles that must be overcome by European energy laws and policies, and assesses the effectiveness of measures that have been adopted to date. Because the legal issues that arise differ depending on the form of renewable energy in question, the chapter concentrates on renewable electricity generation in general, and on wind power in particular. Furthermore, because the means of achieving European renewable targets have, until now, been left largely to individual member states, albeit constrained by European Commission law, two case studies of the development of wind energy in Denmark and the United Kingdom are explored. Page 2 of 6

3 Towards an International Law for the Conservation of Offshore Hydrocarbon Resources within the Continental Shelf? David M Ong in The Law of the Sea: Progress and Prospects Published in print: 2006 Published Online: January 2010 ISBN: eisbn: Page 3 of 6 acprof:oso/ The evolution of the modern international law of the sea has been particularly sensitive to, and influenced by, developments in scientific knowledge and technology. An obvious example of this is in the great strides made in offshore drilling and mining techniques that stimulated the development of the legal regime for exploration and exploitation of continental shelf resources, as well as latterly, the deep seabed mining regime. A more recent trend influencing the development of the law of the sea is the scientific progress made in assessing the growing threat posed by human activities to the marine environment. This has had a consequential impact on the progressive evolution of marine environmental law, which has as its main concern the application of the concept or objective of sustainable development to human activities within the marine sphere. The attainment of the sustainable development objective within this context in turn relies at least in part on the application or implementation of the principle of sustainable use of natural resources. This chapter examines whether the sustainable use principle can also be applied to the conservation of the non-living, mineral, and especially hydrocarbon, resources of the continental shelf. The Use of Market-Based Instruments in the Transition from a Carbon-Based Economy Catherine Banet acprof:oso/ Moving beyond the carbon economy requires, on the one hand, greater reliance on renewable energy sources combined with the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and, on the other hand, a reduction in energy consumption by promoting energy efficiency and ecotechnologies. This chapter explores how law can act on market forces in transitioning beyond the carbon economy in order to reach a sustainable energy model. New legal instruments based on market regulation are

4 increasingly being used to that purpose and are intended to stimulate the required change of habits. New in their approach, often perceived as complex, even unknown to the individual consumer, marked-based instruments (MBIs) have become popular tools. In examining the role of MBIs in transitioning to a lower-carbon future, the experience of the European Union is discussed, and comparisons are drawn with the pioneer of MBIs, the United States. This chapter also looks at the rationales for the use of MBIs and analyses the underlying similarities and differences among MBIs, in particular green, white, and brown certificates. A Primer on Dubai s Energy Sector Mahmoud Al Iriani and Eshrak al Maamari in The Economy of Dubai Published in print: 2016 Published Online: March 2016 ISBN: eisbn: acprof:oso/ During the last four decades, the emirate of Dubai has witnessed rapid economic growth that resulted in more activities across all sectors of its economy. The energy sector has been an important contributor to such growth, and succeeding in keeping an effective and efficient energy system has allowed the economy of Dubai to grow without energy supply bottlenecks experienced in many countries. However, Dubai s energy needs continue to rise at unprecedented rates. This warrants a need to restructure the energy sector by adopting appropriate policies to increase efficiency, and looking for alternative renewable energy sources. This chapter provides an overview of the developments in the energy sector of Dubai. Notwithstanding the difficulties in obtaining reliable data on this important sector, this chapter provides readers with comprehensive historical and recent information about the energy sector s infrastructure as well as reviews key strategies for energy security and efficiency in the emirate. Beyond The Carbon Economy: Energy Law in Transition Don Zillman, Catherine Redgwell, Yinka Omorogbe, and Lila K. Barrera- Hernández (eds) Item type: book acprof:oso/ Page 4 of 6

5 The present energy economy, with its heavy dependence on fossil fuels, is not sustainable over the medium to long term for many interconnected reasons. Climate change is now recognized as posing a serious threat. Energy and resource decisions involving carbon fuels play a role in this threat. Fossil fuel reserves may be running short and many major reserves are in politically unstable parts of the world. Yet citizens in nations with rapidly developing economies aspire to the benefits of the modern energy economy. China and India alone have 2.4 billion potential customers for cars, industries, and electrical services. Even so, more than half of the world's citizens still lack access to energy. Decisions involving fossil fuels are therefore a significant part of the development equation. This volume explains how the law can impede or advance the shift to a world energy picture significantly different from that which exists today. It first examines the factors that create the problems of the present carbon economy, including environmental concerns and development goals. It then provides international and regional legal perspectives, examining public international law, regional legal structures, the responses of international legal bodies, and the role of major international nongovernmental actors. The book then moves on to explore sectoral perspectives including the variety of renewable energy sources, new carbon fuels, nuclear power, demand controls, and energy efficiency. Finally, it examines how particular states are, could, or should, be adapting legally to the challenges of moving beyond the carbon economy. Introduction Donald N. Zillman, Catherine Redgwell, Yinka O. Omorogbe, Lila Barrera- Hernández, and Barry Barton acprof:oso/ The present energy economy, heavily dependent on fossil fuels, is not sustainable over the medium to long term. This book aims to explain how law can assist in, impede, or cope with the shift to a world energy picture in 2030 that is significantly different from the one that exists today. It examines the factors that create the problems of the present carbon economy and the environmental concerns about the carbon fuels, the impacts of the carbon economy on development goals, and whether more and more energy inputs are necessary to meet our economic and social aspirations given the potential for energy efficiency to move us beyond the carbon economy. The book also looks at several Page 5 of 6

6 sectoral perspectives and technology-based approaches in moving to a new energy economy. These include the variety of renewable energy sources, new carbon fuels, nuclear power, carbon sequestration techniques, demand controls, and the creation of new markets for tradeable emissions certificates. Page 6 of 6