UNOPS Risk-Sensitive Planning for Resilient Infrastructure Development

Transcription

1 UNOPS Risk-Sensitive Planning for Resilient Infrastructure Development 5 th Africa Regional Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction Abuja, Nigeria by Jeffrey Crawford, UNOPS 14 May 2014

2 What is Resilient Infrastructure? An infrastructure system and its supporting structures, including the institutions managing it, that can anticipate, absorb, accommodate or recover from the effects of a hazardous event in a timely and efficient manner, including through the preservation, restoration, or improvement of the provision of essential services.

3 Resilient Infrastructure is: 1. Designed to resist future natural hazards; 2. Decentralized, independent, uses renewable; technologies 3. Redundant and has recovery surge capacity; 4. Resource-efficient across full useful lifecycle; and 5. Incorporates natural/green infrastructure; 6. Utilizes appropriate implementation approach (decent work compliant & green job/skill-intensive); 7. Avoids maladaptation.

4 Basing Infrastructure Prioritization Decisions on: Multi-hazard Risk Assessments HA VA RA RRA BCA Hazard Assessment Vulnerability Assessment Risk Assessment Risk Reduction Assessment Benefit-Cost Analysis

5 Utilizing Systems of Systems (SoS) Approach: Critical Infrastructure Failure Prevention First Responders: Fire, Police, Paramedics + schools, hospitals Emergency response services Communications Water & Sanitation Transportation Energy Population Switching networks, Servers, Control Management Systems, Water lines, Waste Water Treatment, Drainage Systems Road systems, Rail systems, Tunnels, Runways Principal power locations: generation stations, hazardous material storage Population Density Rapid and slow onset / man made & natural Hazard

6 SoS - Interdependencies and Interconnections of Critical Infrastructure Sectors

7 WHO & UNOPS Safer Hospitals Initiative: Hospital Safety Index Hospital safety can be enhanced at any stage of the disaster cycle New and existing buildings need to be safe The challenge is both technical and institutional, and requires a combination of political will, investment and capacity development

8 Looking Ahead: Need for Improved Infrastructure Investment Prioritizing infrastructure as an underlying risk driver Design standards (e.g. building codes) Construction guidelines Common infrastructure indicators (e.g. HSI) Implementation capacities

9 Thank You Jeffrey Crawford Regional Programme Development Officer, Sustainable Development Advisor

10 Overarching Climate Change Impacts on Sectors Water Higher temperatures / winds increases surface evaporation decrease ground water / upstream inflows and effect consumable water levels Intensified storms and flooding increase river salinity (coastal inland flooding) decreased drinkable water and water for farming & increase desalination processing costs Rapid on-set and intensified rains increase inundation / waterlogging of urban areas destroy infrastructure, cause system failure Power & Energy Increased intensity of precipitation and flooding can cause system failure permeating Air / water temperature fluctuations impact water availability, used in many forms of cooling systems, impacts efficiency of energy production Increased temperature, decreased water availability decreases energy output / aggregate loss due to increased efforts to normalize temperatures Increased temperature and decreased water for cooling can cause catastrophic failure of systems / infrastructure leading to radioactive leaking and evacuations Implications of Climate Change on Sectors Transportation Increased temperature induces heaving and buckling of road surfaces + pavement softening/rutting, disrupts distribution of social goods, decreased levels of availability increased costs Rising temperatures have varying effects on permafrost and increase probability of land/mud slides and likelihood of damaged roads, bridges, tunnels Increased salinity levels reduce strength of pavements, concrete reinforcement structure & corrosion of steel reinforcements Increased rain and intensity of storms raise soil saturation levels and decreases structural integrity, greater frequency reconstruction cost Telecommunications / ICTs Increased rainfall and intensity of storms leads to inundation with drainage damage/failure impedes ICT infrastructure for control of management systems (smart grid, smart meters, and communications) Intensity of storms and increased rainfall hinders provision of mobile signals disrupts power due to flooding and inundation mobile and internet disruption repair cost are great