DRAFT. Texas Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit No. WQ April, 2012

Transcription

1 Texas Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit No. WQ DRAFT April, 2012 Prepared by: City of Dallas Trinity Watershed Department 320 East Jefferson Boulevard, Room 108 Dallas, Texas 75203

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3 FINAL ~DRAFT~ STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PROGRAM TPDES Permit No. WQ APRIL, 2012 Prepared by: City of Dallas Trinity Watershed Department 320 East Jefferson Boulevard, Room 108 Dallas, Texas 75203

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5 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Abbreviations and Acronyms iii 1.0 INTRODUCTION DESCRIPTION OF THE PERMIT AREA SWMP REVISIONS AND RATIONALE FOR REVISIONS STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PROGRAM ORGANIZATION STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PROGRAM ELEMENTS 5 1 Element 1 MS4 Maintenance Activities 5 3 Element 2 Post Construction Stormwater Control Measures 5 15 Element 3 Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination 5 19 Element 4 Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping 5 30 Element 5 Industrial and High Risk Runoff 5 39 Element 6 Construction Site Stormwater Runoff 5 45 Element 7 Public Education, Outreach, Involvement and Participation 5 51 Element 8 Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting REFERENCES 6 1 APPENDICES Appendix A Watershed Maps Appendix B Interim Bacteria Reduction Plan Appendix C Permitted Entities within the MS4 Appendix D Water Quality Monitoring Program FIGURES Figure 2 1 MS4 Watershed Map Figure 4 1 Matrix of City Department SWMP Element Participation Figure 4 2 SWMP Organizational Chart TABLES Table 2 1 Watersheds and Subwatersheds within the City of Dallas Permit Area Table 2 2 Classified Water Bodies, and Designated Uses Table 2 3 Water Quality Impairment Table 3 1 Comparison of SWMP Elements Table 5 1 Element 1: MS4 Maintenance Activities Table 5 2 Element 2: Post Construction Controls Table 5 3 Element 3: Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination Table 5 4 Element 4: Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping Table 5 5 Element 5: Industrial and High Risk Stormwater Runoff Table 5 6 Element 6: Construction Site Stormwater Runoff Table 5 7 Element 7: Public Education, Outreach, Involvement and Participation Table 5 8 Element 8: Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting City of Dallas MS4 Page i Final Draft SWMP

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7 List of Abbreviations and Acronyms AD ALU BMPs BOD5 CAFOs CCTV CFR CFU CGP CRMS CSN CWA CY DCAD DSHS EDMS ELGs EMS EPA FEMA GIS GPS HC3 HHW HUC IBI IBRP ISO iplan IPM iswm LEED LID MCM MEP MS4 MSGP MPN NC NCTCOG NEC NELAP Administrative Directive Aquatic Life Use Best Management Practices Biochemical Oxygen Demand, measured over a 5 day period Confined Animal Feeding Operations Closed Circuit Television Code of Federal Regulations Colony Forming Units (Unit measurement for bacteria) Construction General Permit (Discharge Permit for Construction Activities) Customer Response Management System Construction Site Notice Clean Water Act Cubic Yards Dallas County Appraisal District Texas Department of State Human Services Environmental Data Management System Effluent Limit Guidelines Environmental Management System Environmental Protection Agency Federal Emergency Management Agency Geographic Information System Global Positioning System Household Chemical Collection Center Household Hazardous Waste Hydrologic Unit Codes Index of Biotic Integrity Interim Bacteria Reduction Plan International Standards Organization Implementation Plan Integrated Pesticide Management Program Integrated Stormwater Management Program Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Low Impact Development Minimum Control Measure (also referred to as a Permit Element) Maximum Extent Practicable Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System Multi Sector General Permit (Discharge Permit for Industrial Facilities) Most Probable Number (Measure for bacteria) Non compliance North Central Texas Council of Governments No Exposure Certification National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program City of Dallas MS4 Page iii Final Draft SWMP

8 List of Acronyms and Abbreviations (Continued) NEC NOC NOI NOT NOV NPDES PCBs PHF PY# QAPP RBP RWWCP SARA SCM SCN SOG SOP SSO SWIMs SWM SWMP SWPPP TAC TCEQ TCRP TDS TMDLs TPDES TPWD TRA TSS TWM UOTM WWTF No Exposure Certification Notice of Change Notice of Intent Notice of Termination Notice of Violation National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Poly Chlorinated Bi phenols Pesticides, Herbicides, and Fertilizer Permit Year Number Quality Assurance Project Plan Rapid Bioassessment Protocols Regional Wet Weather Characterization Program Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act Stormwater Control Measure Small Site Construction Notification Standard Operating Guidance Standard Operating Procedure Sanitary Sewer Overflow Stormwater Information Management System Stormwater Management Program Stormwater Management Plan Stormwater Pollution Prevention Program Texas Administrative Code Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Texas Clean Rivers Program Total Dissolved Solids Total Maximum Daily Load Texas Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Trinity River Authority Total Suspended Solids Trinity Watershed Management Department Used Oil and Toxic Materials Wastewater Treatment Facility City of Dallas MS4 Page iv Final Draft SWMP

9 1.0 INTRODUCTION As the operator of a Phase I Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4), the City of Dallas (City) is required under Texas Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (TPDES) Permit Number WQ (permit) to develop and implement a comprehensive Stormwater Management Program (SWM). This permit requires the City to develop, implement, and revise, as necessary, a comprehensive Stormwater Management Plan(SWMP) which includes pollution prevention measures, treatment or pollutant removal techniques, stormwater monitoring, use of legal authority, and other appropriate means to control the quality of stormwater discharged from the MS4 to Waters of the United States (U.S.). In addition, each element of the plan must be developed to include measureable goals, when feasible. The SWM is guided by the written SWMP document that describes the various control measures and other activities the City will undertake to implement the MS4 permit. The SWMP document includes an overview of the ordinances and other regulatory mechanisms that provide the legal authority to implement and enforce the requirements of the permit, and outlines the Stormwater Control Measures (SCMs) used to meet the Permit requirements. These SCMs are developed to protect water quality, and satisfy requirements of the TPDES permit as issued by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) under authority of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Each element of the SWMP has been outlined to include measurable goals whenever feasible. The SWMP, taken as a whole, includes the controls necessary to effectively prohibit the discharge of nonstormwater into the MS4, and reduce the discharge of pollutants from the MS4 to the maximum extent practicable. The SWMP is intended to cover the term of the permit and will be updated as necessary or as required by the TCEQ, to ensure compliance with Section 402 of the Clean Water Act (CWA), Chapter 26 of the Texas Water Code, applicable EPA and TCEQ regulations, and the requirements of the MS4 permit. The SCMs and Best Management Practices (BMPs) included in the SWMP constitute effluent limitations for the purposes of compliance with the requirements of 30 Texas Administrative Code (TAC) Chapter 319, Subchapter B, related to Hazardous Metals, unless otherwise limited in the permit. The SWMP is comprised of the following sections: o Section 1.0 Introduction: provides the purpose and general format of the SWMP; o Section 2.0 Description of the Permit Area: provides a description of the geographic boundary of the MS4, the listed and classified waters, and watersheds comprised within the corporate boundaries of the City; o Section 3.0 SWMP Revisions and Rationale for Revisions: provides a detailed description of the proposed revisions to the existing SWMP to be considered for this new SWMP and permit term; o Section 4.0 SWMP Program Organization: provides an overview of the program including roles and responsibilities for implementation of the SWMP; o Section 5.0 SWMP Elements: provides a summary of each SWMP element, related SWMP activities, measurable goals, SCMs, and implementation schedule. This SWMP replaces and supersedes any and all previous SWMPs developed for the City MS4 permit. City of Dallas MS4 Page 1 1 Final Draft SWMP

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11 2.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE PERMIT AREA The permit area includes the incorporated areas of the City of Dallas, including lands within Dallas, Collin, Denton, Rockwall and Kaufman Counties. The permit boundary will be expanded, as necessary, to include any newly incorporated areas. The permit area is comprised of a predominantly developed urban area within the Blackland prairie ecoregion. The City of Dallas permit area represents approximately 246,208 acres or square miles. There are digit Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) defined watersheds that are located wholly or partially within the City limits. Table 2 1 provides a summary of the watersheds and subwatersheds with respective areas that are included in the City s Permit area. The sub watershed names generally correspond with the watershed names used in the prior SWMP, to allow water quality trend analyses over time. Figure 2 1 on page 2 7, illustrates the general area, classified waterbodies and representative watersheds included in the City s permit area. Maps that illustrate land use, the MS4 layout and outfalls, and other key system features are included in Appendix A. 12 Digit HUC Table 2 1 Watersheds and Subwatersheds in the City of Dallas MS4 Permit Area Area Sub watershed Watershed Name (Square Name Miles) City of Dallas White Rock Creek Cottonwood Creek East Fork Trinity River Lower White Rock Creek Drainage Area (Acres) 22, Cottonwood Creek 27, Deep Branch Ten Mile Creek 32 Lower Ten Mile Creek 20, Low Branch Mountain Creek 48 Joe Pool Lake Dam 32, Headwaters Ten Mile Creek 45 Ten Mile Creek 29, Fish Creek Mountain Creek Lake 43 Mountain Creek Lake Dam 26, Headwaters Five Mile Creek 38 Upper Five Mile Creek 24, Cottonwood Creek Mountain Creek Lake 29 Mountain Creek Lake Dam 19, Hickory Creek Parsons Slough 30 Parson s Slough 18,992 South Dallas 3,462 Southeast Dallas 4, Five Mile Creek Trinity River 47 Elam Creek 2,897 Lower Five Mile Creek 8,103 Trinity River above Ten 4,028 Newton Creek 7, Mustang Creek East Fork Trinity River 38 East Fork Trinity River 24,611 City of Dallas MS4 Page 2 1 Final Draft SWMP

12 Table 2 1 Watersheds and Subwatersheds in the City of Dallas MS4 Permit Area 12 Digit HUC Watershed Name Area Sub watershed (Square Name Miles) Main Stem above Prairie Creek Trinity River 58 Trinity River Turtle Creek Trinity River North Mesquite Creek East Fork Trinity River South Mesquite Creek Delaware Creek West Fork Trinity River 34 Drainage Area (Acres) 24,885 Prairie Creek 12,202 Dallas West Bank 11,076 West Dallas 1,929 Cedar Creek 6,380 Coombs Creek 2, North Mesquite Creek 23,929 Upper South Mesquite Creek 17,840 Delaware Creek 9,658 Lower Mountain Creek 12, Headwaters Turtle Creek 34 Dallas East Bank 15,285 Dallas Warren 6, Rowlett Creek East Fork Trinity River 24 Rowlett Creek 15, Cottonwood Branch Hackberry Creek 21 Elm Fork Trinity River 13, Bachman Branch Elm Fork Trinity River 42 Northwest Dallas 6,314 Joe s Creek 4,588 Lower Bachman Creek 2,282 Upper Bachman Creek 6,147 Elm Fork Trinity River 7, White Rock Creek White Rock Lake 35 White Rock Dam 22,713 Farmer s Branch 8, Farmers Branch Elm Fork Trinity River 25 Elm Fork Above Cottonwood Branch 7, Duck Creek 42 Upper Duck Creek 27, Rowlett Creek Lake Ray Hubbard 27 Rowlett Creek 17, Grapevine Creek Elm Fork Trinity River Floyd Branch White Rock Creek 33 Hutton Branch 9,237 Grapevine Creek 10,205 Upper/Middle White Rock Creek 21, Camp Creek Lake Ray Hubbard 40 Camp Creek 25,619 City of Dallas MS4 Page 2 2 Final Draft SWMP

13 12 Digit HUC Table 2 1 Watersheds and Subwatersheds in the City of Dallas MS4 Permit Area Area Sub watershed Watershed Name (Square Name Miles) Indian Creek Elm Fork Trinity River 33 Elm Fork Above Denton Creek Drainage Area (Acres) 21, Muddy Creek Lake Ray Hubbard 48 Muddy Creek 30, Headwaters White Rock Creek 31 Upper White Rock Creek 19,972 TOTAL WATERSHED AREA: ,786 The entire permit area is included in the Upper Trinity River Basin (Basin number 8 in the Texas watershed system). Table 2 2 includes the classified water bodies within the permit area and their designated use(s). Table 2 2 Classified Water Bodies, and Designated Uses Water Body Segment Number Classified Water Use(s) East Fork Trinity River 0819 Primary contact recreation and intermediate aquatic life use Lake Ray Hubbard 0820 Elm Fork Trinity River below Lewisville Lake 0822 Primary contact recreation, public water supply*, and high aquatic life use Primary contact recreation, public water supply, and high aquatic life use White Rock Lake 0827 Primary contact recreation and high aquatic life use Joe Pool Lake 0838 Primary contact recreation, public water supply, and high aquatic life use Mountain Creek Lake 0841A Primary contact recreation and intermediate aquatic life use Lower West Fork Trinity River 0841 Primary contact recreation and intermediate aquatic life use Upper Trinity River 0805 Primary contact recreation and high aquatic life use East Fork Trinity River 0819 Primary Contact Recreation, High Aquatic Life * Segment 0820 (Lake Ray Hubbard) is owned and managed by the City of Dallas for water supply purposes; however, the City s MS4 system currently does not discharge into this water body. The unclassified receiving waters have a presumed minimum aquatic life use as high aquatic life use for perennial streams, limited aquatic life use for intermittent streams with perennial pools, and no significant life use for intermittent streams. The designated uses for a water body determine the types of general and numerical water quality criteria that are used to assess compliance. The general and numerical criteria which form the stream water quality standards are provided in 30 TAC City of Dallas MS4 Page 2 3 Final Draft SWMP

14 Using these criteria, Segment Numbers 0805, 0819, 0822, and 0841 are currently listed on the State's inventory of impaired and threatened waters (the Clean Water Act (CWA) Section 303(d) list). Table 2 3 summarizes the water quality impairments within the permit area. Table 2 3 Water Quality Impairment Water Body Segment Number Water Quality Impairment East Fork Trinity River 0819 Sulfate, total dissolved solids (TDS), and chlorides Lake Ray Hubbard 0820 No Identified impairment at this time Elm Fork Trinity River below Lewisville Lake 0822 Bacteria White Rock Lake 0827 No identified impairment at this time Joe Pool Lake 0838 No identified impairment at this time Mountain Creek Lake Lower West Fork Trinity River 0841A 0841 Chlordane and other legacy pollutants, polychlorinated biphenols (pcbs) in fish tissue Bacteria, chlordane, polychlorinated bi phenols (pcbs) in fish tissue Upper Trinity River 0805 Bacteria, chlordane, polychlorinated bi phenols (pcbs) in fish tissue * Segment 0820 (Lake Ray Hubbard) is owned and managed by the City of Dallas for water supply purposes; however, the City s MS4 currently does not discharge into this water body. Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) and an implementation plan (i Plan) were established in 2001 to address water quality impairment from chlordane and other legacy pollutants (primarily pesticides) for the affected stream segments. A TMDL is an estimate of the allowable pollutant load that a water body can accept, and still be in compliance with the water quality standards for the designated use. Legacy pollutants are substances whose use has been banned or severely restricted by EPA. These substances have a slow rate of decomposition and strong sorption to organic matter and tissue; therefore, they frequently remain at elevated levels in the environment for many years after their widespread use has ceased. Chlordane and PCBs have accumulated in the sediments of these segments. As the existing sediments migrate through the water bodies and new sediment deposition occurs, fluctuations in the concentration of chlordane and PCBs in these segments are expected. Recent sediment and fish tissue samples collected in some of these water bodies suggest that legacy pollutant levels are diminishing. In July 2010, the Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) issued a no consumption advisory for Lower West Fork Trinity River and Upper Trinity River due to elevated levels of PCBs and dioxins in fish; however, they indicated that chlordane was no longer considered to be a contaminant of concern (TCEQ, 2011). The TCEQ has established two (2) TMDLs for Indicator Bacteria in Upper Trinity River (Segment 0805)(TCEQ 2011a). Two (2) new TMDLs are being drafted within the drainage area covered by this City of Dallas MS4 Page 2 4 Final Draft SWMP

15 permit: one TMDL for Indicator Bacteria in Cottonwood Branch and Grapevine Creek (Assessment Units 0822A and 0822B), and one TMDL for Indicator Bacteria in the Lower West Fork Trinity River (Segment 0841). The City is working with the North Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG) Bacteria Task Force to develop a regional i Plan to reduce bacterial loading to affected stream segments. The City s draft Interim Bacteria Reduction Plan (ibrp) is attached to this SWMP as Appendix B. TMDLs are in development for pcbs in fish tissue; at present, the TMDL process for this constituent has not been finalized, or approved by the TCEQ or EPA. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and sulfates have been identified in segments of the East Fork Trinity River in excess of surface water standards. The TCEQ is continuing data collection and assessment of water quality conditions for this water body. Other pollutants of concern are floatables, seasonal dissolved oxygen levels and petroleum products. SCMs to address these and other potential pollutants within the MS4 have been incorporated into this SWMP, along with measurable goals and water quality monitoring. In particular, the SCMs and BMPs that are included in the IBRP are highlighted in green shading in the element tables to illustrate how these measures are integrated into the SWMP. City of Dallas MS4 Page 2 5 Final Draft SWMP

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19 3.0 SWMP REVISIONS AND RATIONALE FOR REVISIONS This SWMP proposes several revisions to strengthen the program and streamline program administration. The revisions to the SWMP have been made in consideration of State and Federal water quality regulations and other guidance including, but not limited to: 40 CFR (d)(1)(iii)(B), the City's new TPDES MS4 permit, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) MS4 Program Evaluation Guidance (January 2007), the National Research Council, Urban Stormwater Management Report (NRC, 2008) and the recent U.S. EPA MS4 Permit Improvement Guide (April, 2010). The SWMP revisions and the related rationale are as follows: 1. Watershed definitions: The City has revised the watershed definitions listed in the SWMP from the previous Permit term to conform to the federally defined 12 digit Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) watershed definitions. In 2009, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) completed watershed delineation for the United States, using a standard national hierarchical system that is generally based upon hydrologic surface features. The 12 digit HUC watersheds have been locally adopted for use by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) for floodplain management, and by the North Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG) for the regional watershed monitoring program. Map review and field reconnaissance were used to conform the 38 watersheds that are wholly or partially located within the City MS4 as defined in the prior SWMP, into 32 comparable 12 digit HUC defined watersheds. The actual area managed by the City MS4 program does not change, and there are no related changes to the City s water quality monitoring programs. This change in watershed definition simply provides greater data consistency with other regional watershed based stormwater quality and floodplain management programs. 2. Nomenclature: The term Best Management Practice (BMP) has been replaced with Stormwater Control Measure (SCM). This is consistent with the recommendations of the National Research Council Urban Stormwater Report (NRC, 2008, p. 283). SCMs are defined as measures used to prevent stormwater discharges from degrading local water bodies. The use of the term SCM is specific to the field of stormwater. In contrast, BMP is a general term may not be clearly defined for stormwater activities. 3. SWMP Element Definition: Consistent with MS4 Permit instructions that encourage SWMP modifications and changes that strengthen, update, replace, de emphasize, or remove SWMP elements, the City has re organized the current SCMs into new SWMP elements. The 11 elements from the prior SWMP have been reduced to eight (8) elements that correspond to the elements as outlined in the new Permit. These changes help align the SWMP with national movements towards greater consistency in the Phase I and Phase II MS4 program requirements. Consideration of State and Federal regulations including 40 CFR (d)(1)(iii)(B), the City's new TPDES MS4 permit, the EPA MS4 Program Evaluation Guidance (January 2007) and the recent EPA MS4 Permit Improvement Guide (April 2010) has been incorporated into the development of the proposed elements. Table 3 1, on the following page, provides a comparison of the eight (8) proposed elements compared to the existing eleven (11) elements. City of Dallas MS4 Page 3 1 Final Draft SWMP

20 Proposed SWMP Elements 1 MS4 Maintenance Activities 2 Post Construction Controls Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping for Municipal Operations Industrial and High Risk Stormwater Runoff Table 3 1 Comparison of SWMP Elements 1 Structural Controls 3 Roadways 6 IDDE Floatables* 2 Prior SWMP Elements Areas of New Development and Significant Redevelopment 4 Flood Control Projects 6 Illicit Discharges and Improper Disposal Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping** 5 Pesticide, Herbicide, and Fertilizer Application 7 Spill Prevention and Response 8 Industrial and High Risk Runoff 6 Construction Site Stormwater Runoff 9 Construction Site Runoff 7 Public Education, Outreach, Involvement and Participation 10 Public Education and Outreach 8 Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting 11 Monitoring and Screening Programs * Note: IDDE Floatables were listed under Element 6 IDDE in the prior permit, but are addressed through the various structural controls in Element 1 Structural Controls ** Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping is a new Element 4. SWMP Format: The format of the element definition within the SWMP has been restructured to include a brief description of the purpose and overview of each element, the corresponding regulatory permit requirement(s), and an outline of the related activities, followed by a table containing the applicable SCMs, measurable goals as metrics to be tracked, and implementation schedule. Those SCMs that comprise a part of the Interim Bacteria Reduction Plan are highlighted in green in each table. This streamlines the format of the SWMP, and is also intended to enhance future documentation of SWMP performance. 5. Other Minor Changes: Other minor changes that have been made to the SWMP include: a) Short term planning activities or studies that were completed during the last permit cycle ( ) have been removed or updated with new goals. b) The SCMs for training and outreach efforts in support of all of the permit elements have been compiled into Element 7, Public Education, Outreach, Involvement and Participation. c) New general program delivery goals have been included to address identified pollutants of concern and measurable behavior changes, to provide program flexibility and responsiveness over the permit term. City of Dallas MS4 Page 3 2 Final Draft SWMP

21 4.0 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PROGRAM ORGANIZATION As a part of the MS4 permit requirements, the City has developed this SWMP to guide and facilitate its stormwater management program. The goals of the SWMP are protection and improvement of stormwater and surface water quality through the implementation of a variety of activities including, but not limited to, inspection, maintenance, enforcement, education, planning, design, and monitoring. 4.1 Program Responsibilities The City Manager s Office is the designated operator for the City of Dallas for this MS4 Permit. The City Manager is responsible for developing and implementing policies established by the Mayor and City Council, recommending the budget for accomplishing the work of the City, appointing and supervising personnel not directly appointed by the Mayor and City Council, enforcing the City laws and ordinances, and recommending improvements to the City s operations. The City Manager s Office has designated the Trinity Watershed Management Department to manage the SWMP, and has delegated the responsibility and authority to enforce the permit requirements. Stormwater Management, a section of the Trinity Watershed Management, manages the SWMP, performs compliance and enforcement inspections, water quality monitoring, stormwater specific outreach and citizen response, develops annual reports, and provides fiscal program management. Day to day SWMP activities are performed by 16 different City departments. Figure 4 1 provides a matrix of City Departments and SWMP Element participation. Figure 4 1 Matrix of City Department SWMP Element Participation 1 MS4 Maintenance 2 Post Construction Controls 3 IDDE 4 Pollution Prevention & Good Housekeeping 5 Industrial 6 Construction 7 Public Education /Outreach, Involvement 8 Monitoring, Evaluation & reporting Trinity Watershed Management X X X X X X X X Aviation X X X X X Equipment & Building Services X X X X X City Attorney s Office X X X Code Compliance X X Courts and Detention Services City Marshalls's Office X X X X Dallas Fire Rescue X X Dallas Water Utilities X X X X X X X Dallas Police Department X X X Strategic Customer Services Ofc of Environmental Quality X X X Park and Recreation X X X X X X Public Information Office X X Public Works X X X Sanitation X X X X Street Services X X X X Sustainable Development & Construction X X City of Dallas MS4 Page 4 1 Final Draft SWMP

22 An organizational chart showing the roles and responsibilities for implementing the SWMP is provided as Figure 4 2. Stormwater Permit Related Activities City Council Dallas Water Utilities Planning & Capital Projects Cesar Baptista, P.E. Assistant Director City GIS Casey Gardner SWM GIS Team City Manager Trinity Watershed Management Department Stormwater Management Section Program Management Mary Suhm City Manager Jill A. Jordan, P.E. - ACM Kelly High Director Sarah Standifer - Assistant Director Susan Alvarez, P.E., CFM Sr. Program Manager 1. MS4 Maintenance Trinity Watershed Management Street Services Equipment & Bldg Services Dallas Water Utilities Park &Recreation 3. IDDE: Trinity Watershed Management Park & Recreation Code Compliance Dallas Water Utilities Ofc. of Environmental Quality City Marshall s Office Dallas Fire Rescue City Attorney s Office 5. Industrial & High-Risk Stormwater Runoff: Trinity Watershed Management Equipment & Bldg Services Dallas Water Utilities Sanitation Aviation 7. Public Education, Outreach, Involvement & Participation: Trinity Watershed Management Dallas Water Utilities Ofc of Environmental Quality Public Information Office NCTCOG (Non-City) 2. Post Construction Controls: Trinity Watershed Management Park & Recreation Equipment & Bldg Services Sustainable Dev & Construction City Design Studio Public Works 4. Pollution Prevention & Good Housekeeping Trinity Watershed Management Sanitation Street Services Ofc. of Environmental Quality Equipment & Bldg Services Dallas Water Utilities Dallas Fire Rescue Park and Recreation Dallas Police Department 6. Construction Site Stormwater Runoff: Trinity Watershed Management Public Works Dallas Water Utilities Park & Recreation 8. Monitoring & Screening Programs: Trinity Watershed Management Dallas Water Utilities NCTCOG (Non-City) Trinity River Authority (Non-City) Figure 4.2 Program Organization A SWM program staff member is designated to lead each element and is responsible for convening regular meetings with key personnel from the participating departments to coordinate performance measures, discuss related technical issues, potential code or ordinance changes and to provide regulatory updates or other information that may affect performance of the activities of that element. Performance measures and budget status are monitored on a quarterly basis. 4.2 Legal Authority The City has established the legal authority to carry out all aspects of the SWMP, including the authority to control discharges to and from those portions the MS4 over which it has jurisdiction to: 1. Control the contribution of pollutants to the MS4 by storm water discharges associated with industrial activity and the quality of storm water discharged from sites of industrial activity; 2. Prohibit illicit discharges to the MS4; 3. Control the discharge of spills and the dumping or disposal of materials other than storm City of Dallas MS4 Page 4 2 Final Draft SWMP

23 water (e.g. industrial and commercial wastes, trash, used motor vehicle fluids, leaf litter, grass clippings, animal wastes) into the MS4; 4. Require compliance with conditions in ordinances, permits, contracts, or orders; and 5. Carry out all inspection, surveillance and monitoring procedures necessary to determine compliance with permit conditions. Ordinances, and other regulatory mechanisms that provide the legal authority necessary to implement and enforce the requirements of this permit, include, but are not limited to, the following sections of the Dallas City Code: Volume 1, Chapter 19, Article IX Storm Drainage System. Volume II, Chapter 49 Water and Wastewater. Volume III, Chapter 51A, Part II of the Dallas Development Code, Article V, Division 51A Floodplain Regulations. Volume III, Chapter 51A, Part II of the Dallas Development Code, Article VIII, Section 51A Storm Drainage Design. City of Dallas Ordinance as amended by Ordinance Green Building Program. These codes and ordinances provide definitions of allowable and prohibited discharges. They also contain penalty provisions to ensure compliance with construction and industrial requirements, to control the discharge of spills and dumping or disposal of materials other than stormwater, require the removal of illicit discharges, and to address noncompliance with permit terms. The City uses an escalating enforcement response, with increased enforcement actions applied to ongoing or egregious noncompliance. These codes and ordinances are reviewed and updated as necessary to address encountered compliance situations, trends in noncompliance and/or other regulatory requirements. City of Dallas MS4 Page 4 3 Final Draft SWMP

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25 5.0 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PROGRAM ELEMENTS This section provides a brief description of each program element, with the applicable permit reference section(s), and the planned activities to prevent the discharge of pollutants into waters of the state. Each element description is followed by a table that summarizes the planned SCMs, measurable goals, and schedule for implementation. The measures implemented within each element as a part of the Cities Interim Bacteria Reduction Plan are highlighted with green shading. City of Dallas MS4 Page 5 1 Final Draft SWMP

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27 ELEMENT 1: MS4 MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES The storm drainage system requires regular maintenance to make sure that the control structures intended to prevent pollution are functioning as intended, and to mitigate/reduce negative impacts to water quality. Implementing a comprehensive maintenance program to address structural controls, floatables, and roadways improves the integrity of the storm sewer system and decreases the potential for the discharge of pollutants to the MS4. Applicable Stormwater Control Measures A. Structural Controls Structural controls within the MS4 that are owned, operated and maintained by the City include the conveyances (creeks and channels) in addition to the engineered control systems: drainage inlets and piping systems, culverts, sumps with pump stations and trash racks, detention and retention ponds, litter booms, in line stormwater interceptor structures, and the Trinity River levees. Ongoing operations and maintenance of these structural controls can reduce the discharge of pollutants from the MS4 to the MEP. Permit Reference [Part III, Section B.2.a.i]: To the maximum extent practicable (MEP), the permittee shall operate and maintain the MS4, including any storm water structural controls, in such a manner as to reduce erosion and the discharge of pollutants. At present, the City manages a storm drainage system that drains 385 square miles within five counties. The MS4 infrastructure includes at least: 67,000 Inlets 1,800 miles Storm Sewers 7 Pressure Sewers 9 Street Pump Stations 33 miles Levees 11 Sump areas with 9 Pump Stations 100 Inline Stormwater Interceptors 200 Retention/Detention Ponds & Lakes 11,000 Drainage outfalls 180 miles Creeks and Channels The MS4 maintenance program for structural controls includes a regular program of inspections, repair and maintenance activities for the above infrastructure. The City uses a tiered maintenance approach to prioritize cleaning and repair activities and opportunities to incorporate water quality improvement measures. City of Dallas MS4 Page 5 3 Final Draft SWMP

28 A.1 Pipe Conveyance System Repair and Maintenance The storm drain piping system and City owned culverts are segments of the MS4 that the City maintains to provide flood conveyance, and to limit pollutant transport. The City operates at least 1,800 miles of gravity storm sewer, 7 different pressure sewer systems and 9 street pump stations. Regular inspections, maintenance and repair for these pump stations, pipes, and culverts can prevent blockages, reduce flooding and reduce pollution to the MS4. Inspections are conducted through Closed Circuit Televiewing (cctv), with associated prioritization for any necessary cleaning, and repair. A.2 Water Quality and Flood Control Structures Sump areas, levees, inlets, and retention and detention ponds are part of the City s structural controls that are used to convey stormwater and collect material from the drainage system that may have the potential to degrade surface water quality. The core of the City is protected by a 33 mile long system of levees, with associated sumps to capture local drainage, and pump stations to convey it to the river. The City provides a fairly vigorous program of levee inspection, maintenance and repairs in accordance with U.S. Army Corps of Engineers requirements. Maintenance includes regular mowing, vegetation and debris removal and erosion repairs as necessary. The 11 maintained sump areas (with associated pump stations and trash racks) include: Able, Baker, Charlie, Delta, Eagle Ford, Frances Street, Hampton, Noble Branch, Pavaho, Rochester and Trinity Portland Sumps. Activities within the levees and sumps includes regular inspections, erosion repairs, de silting as necessary, and cleaning of the trash racks, and sump areas to remove collected debris. The City maintains over 67,000 curbside inlets to convey street drainage into the storm drainage system, and to trap sediment and debris to prevent system clogging, and or being transporting downstream into the Trinity River. The City performs regular inspections, cleaning and repairs of these inlets. The City has installed inlet protection devices at the City service centers, the Zoo, and several other areas with high pedestrian use. These devices are effective at preventing solids from entering the storm drainage system, but can require more frequent maintenance and replacement, to maintain effectiveness, and prevent localized street flooding. There are also over 200 retention/detention basins, and 1,800 miles of creeks and channels on City property. Maintenance of these facilities includes regular inspections, minor erosion repairs, and desilting as necessary to maintain flood control capacity. The City also responds to citizen service requests concerning water quality related to the creeks, ponds and channels within the MS4. While all water quality requests are investigated immediately upon notification, of particular concern are the fish kills that can occur with abrupt changes in temperature, long hot, dry periods, and other system disturbances. The investigation includes water quality sampling, fish retrieval and monitoring over a period of several days. The fish are retrieved and assessed for potential cause of mortality. Water quality is sampled at the site where the dead fish are observed, and at key locations above and below that location, and is monitored daily until water quality resumes City of Dallas MS4 Page 5 4 Final Draft SWMP

29 ambient conditions. The TCEQ and Texas Park and Wildlife Department (TPWD) are notified of fish kill events that cause more than 50 mortalities, and a formal report is provided following the investigation. A.3 Stormwater Interceptor Program Stormwater interceptors remove captured materials and floatables from the storm drainage system. At present, the City maintains over 100 in line stormwater interceptors at various City facilities. Regularly inspecting, maintaining and cleaning the in line stormwater interceptors prevents system failure, backup, vectors, overflow, odors and other biochemical reactions from occurring. B. Floatables Floatables form the most visible indication of man made pollution to surface water. The City has implemented a multi faceted floatables program to address this issue. In addition to structural controls such as inlets and trash racks, the City also uses litter booms, special event litter protection, and litter abatement programs to reduce the discharge of floatables into the MS4. These measures augment an aggressive regional media campaign that included in the Public Outreach and Education program (Element 7). Permit Reference [Part III, Section B.2.a.ii]: The permittee shall implement a program to reduce the discharge of floatables (for example, litter and other human generated solid refuse) into the MS4. The permittee shall include source controls at a minimum, and structural controls and other appropriate controls where necessary. Permit Reference [Part VI, Section B]: The permittee shall maintain two locations where floatable material can be removed before the storm water is discharged to or from the MS4. Floatable material must be collected at the frequency necessary for maintenance of the removal devices, but not less than twice per year. The amount of material collected shall be estimated by weight, volume, or by other practical means. Results shall be included in the Annual Report required in this permit. Implementing a floatables removal program on City water bodies improves surface water quality, channel aesthetics and drainage system conveyance. B.1 Litter Booms The City monitors and maintains three (3) litter booms located at key locations within the MS4: Williamson Branch Creek at White Rock Lake; Lake Cliff Park in Oak Cliff; and Bachman Greenbelt near Bachman Lake. Each site includes a litter boom that floats at or near the water surface and extends across the width of the creek to trap floating materials. The City regularly monitors the condition of each boom. As City of Dallas MS4 Page 5 5 Final Draft SWMP

30 needed, each site is cleaned when the areas adjacent to the booms allow equipment access without damaging the adjacent shoreline. Activities under this SCM include monitoring, removing debris, and assessing the types and volume of debris collected. These data are then used to focus outreach efforts in and near these facilities. B.2 Special Event Floatables Protection During the last Permit term, the City initiated a new program to provide floatables protection for parades and other special events with high levels of anticipated pedestrian activity, and associated litter. Event examples include: the Martin Luther King Day Parade, the St. Patty s Day Parade and the NBA Mavericks Championship Celebration and Parade. The special events litter mitigation effort entails marking the inlets in the vicinity of the event; immediately preceding the event, bio logs (filter socks ) are placed along the inlets along the route. Following the event and subsequent street sweeping, the inlet protection is removed and stored for another occasion. Each event is evaluated with respect to implementation ease, waste captured and overall effectiveness; necessary program adjustments are made on the following event. This BMP has been found to be a very effective way of preventing literally tons of floatable material from entering the storm drainage system. B.3 Litter Abatement The City is implementing a litter abatement program through two different regional partnerships: 1) Benchmarking litter surveys of roadways and streams through Keep Dallas Beautiful, 2) implementing a regional media and education campaign with the Tarrant Regional Water District. Each year Keep Dallas Beautiful, an affiliate chapter of Keep America Beautiful, implements standard roadside surveys of litter, junk cars, and graffiti, in order to bring attention to the problem, and to help focus education efforts. Another benefit of this program is that performing these standardized surveys across the United States allows benchmarking with respect to overall improvement, and where a community stands relative to other comparably sized communities. These surveys can be conducted over time to assess effectiveness of follow on abatement activities. Dallas is partnering with Keep Dallas Beautiful to conduct these surveys of selected representative roadways, and stream segments in four quadrants of the City. The results will be provided to the City departments that provide related code enforcement and cleanup activities. The results will also be used to focus media campaigns, staff clean up and code enforcement activities, and education to Reverse Litter (under Element 7). Follow on surveys will be performed to assess effectiveness of the media and other education campaigns. C. Roadways A regular program of efficient and effective roadway maintenance contributes to limiting the discharge of pollutants to the MS4. Street sweeping can be used to limit particulate dust, floatables, sediment and other pollutants from entering into the MS4. Street sweeping can also help limit the volume of litter, City of Dallas MS4 Page 5 6 Final Draft SWMP

31 leaf and yard wastes that are washed into the storm drains. Winter sweeping is used to address the residuals from deicing activities. Permit Reference [Part III, Section B.2.a.iii]: The permittee shall operate and maintain public streets, roads, and highways to minimize the discharge of pollutants, including pollutants related to deicing or sanding activities. Activities under this element are street sweeping, deicing and road and bridge maintenance. C.1 Street Sweeping The City s prioritization for sweeping focuses on high vehicular use areas, higher pedestrian traffic areas downtown, and City owned parking lots. The City s road maintenance program includes street sweeping for 234 miles of designated prime network roads on a monthly basis, and sweeping within the Central Business District five nights a week. Other sweeping events are conducted as needed to address inclement weather or Customer Service requests. Several recent studies, including a USGS study of street sweeping in the Charles River watershed in Boston, and another study of street sweeping in Newport Beach, indicate that street sweeping may be effective in reducing bacterial loading, and may contribute to decreased bacteria regrowth from biofilm within city gutters, thus providing benefits towards basin wide reductions in bacteria (USGS, 2005, Stormwater, 2010). C.2 Deicing The City typically experiences three to five weather events each year that require deployment of deicing crews and subsequent clean up. Sweeping typically follows the event. Removal of deicing materials by street sweeping, limits the volume of salt, sand, and other materials from entering the MS4. Additionally, innovative deicing techniques and materials are regularly evaluated and assessed for the ability to provide overall program improvement and water quality enhancements. C.3 Road and Bridge Maintenance Program The City typically conducts about 3,000 routine road and bridge repairs each year. Implementing temporary or permanent SCMs at these routine road and bridge maintenance projects can effectively reduce or prevent the discharge of pollutants. SCMs used to support road and bridge maintenance include, but are not limited to: inlet protection, silt fence, rock berms, stabilized construction entrances, work area de watering, designated concrete washout areas, seeding, sodding and soil stabilization matting. Table 5 1 summarizes the activities, measurable goals, (or metrics to be tracked) and the implementation schedule for the SCMs associated with Element 1 MS4 Maintenance Activities. City of Dallas MS4 Page 5 7 Final Draft SWMP

32 A. Structural Controls Table 5-1 Element 1: MS4 Maintenance Activities Activities Metrics to be Tracked Annually Implementation Schedule A.1 Conveyance System Repair and Maintenance A.1.a Gravity Storm Sewer System Maintenance 1. Inspect underground gravity storm drainage piping through cctv televiewing. 2. Record the damaged storm drain piping areas and schedule maintenance. Miles of pipe inspected # of pipe areas scheduled for maintenance # of repairs completed 3. Remove debris from storm drain system. Volume of debris removed in CY 4. Investigate roadside ditches and culverts through service requests 5. Repair and maintain City-owned roadway culverts A.1.b Pressure Sewer System Maintenance 1. Inspect 7 pressure sewer systems including pump station & outfall at least twice per year # of ditch and culvert maintenance requests # number and type of roadway culverts repaired # of culvert replacements Volume of debris removed in CY # of pressure Sewer System inspections 2. Maintain pressure sewer system 3. Inspect 9 street pump stations, including pump station & outfall at least twice per year 4. Maintain street pump stations # of maintenance activities performed Volume of debris removed in CY # of Street Pump Station inspections # of cleaning & repair activities performed Volume of debris removed in CY City of Dallas MS4 Page 5 8 Final Draft SWMP

33 Table 5-1 Element 1: MS4 Maintenance Activities Activities Metrics to be Tracked Annually Implementation Schedule A.2 Water Quality Structures A.2.a Levee/Dallas Floodway Inspections & Maintenance 1. Maintain eleven (11) identified sump areas by: a) Visually inspecting each sump area, including pump stations and trash racks, at least twice a year; b) Cleaning trash racks after rain events, as needed; and c) Cleaning the sumps by de-silting, removing litter and woody debris, mowing, managing vegetation to ensure access to structures, and excavating sediments, as needed. 2. Maintain levees by: a) Visually inspecting each levee at least twelve times a year; Sump inspections performed # of trash rack inspections/pump station Volume of debris removed from trash racks in CY # of maintenance activities per sump in CY Acres and types of vegetative management performed Volume of materials removed during maintenance activities in CY # of visual inspections conducted (entire length) b) Conducting erosion repair, as needed # of erosion repairs by levee c) Removing litter, mowing, managing vegetation, and maintaining levee access as needed # of acres mowed (entire system) Volume of litter and debris removed in CY City of Dallas MS4 Page 5 9 Final Draft SWMP

34 Table 5-1 Element 1: MS4 Maintenance Activities Activities Metrics to be Tracked Annually Implementation Schedule A.2.b Inlet System Inspections & Maintenance 1. Conduct 12,000 inlet inspections within the City s jurisdiction annually Types and locations of inlets inspected 2. Clean and repair inlets as necessary year. Inlet cleaning and repair activities include: a) Cleaning inlets by removing material(s) Number, type, and locations of inlets cleaned Volume of material removed from inlets in CY b) Repairing damaged inlets Number, type(s) and locations of inlets repaired # of devices inspected 3. Inspect inlet protection devices at City-owned facilities # Repairs/device replacements completed # New devices installed Volume of material removed from inlet protection devices in CY A.2.c Retention/Detention Facility Inspections & Maintenance 1. Inspect at least ten (10) City-owned retention/detention ponds per year and each pond at least once during the permit term. 2. Maintain the flood control capacity and water quality efficacy of City-owned detention/retention ponds. # of Ponds inspected Number and type of pond maintenance activities performed (de-silting, litter removal, etc) Volume of materials removed in CY City of Dallas MS4 Page 5 10 Final Draft SWMP