COLOMBIA. Recorded adult per capita consumption (age 15+) Last year abstainers

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1 COLOMBIA Recorded adult per capita consumption (age 5+) 8 7 Litres of pure alcohol Beer Spirits Wine Sources: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations), World Drink Trends 23 Last year abstainers 5.% Male 4.9% Female 2.7% Country Survey Study. sample size n = 6; males n = 27 and females n = Population aged 8 years and above. Estimates from key alcohol experts show that the proportion of adult males and females who had been abstaining (last year before the survey) was 3% (males) and 47% (females). Data is for after year High risk drinkers 3.8% Male 52.4% Female 2.% Country Survey Study. sample size n = 6; males n = 27 and females n = Population aged 8 years and above. Definition used: consumption of five or more standard drinks for males and three or more standard drinks for females on a typical drinking day. WHO Global Status Report on Alcohol 24

2 Heavy episodic drinkers 5.2% Male.6% Female.9% Country Survey Study. sample size n = 6; males n = 27 and females n = Population aged 8 years and above. Definition used: at least once a week consumption of six or more standard drinks in one sitting. Youth drinking (last year abstainers) 9.6% Male 4.2% Female 2.6% Country Survey Study. sample size n = 8; males n = 384 and females n = 696. Population aged 8 to 24 years. For the age group 5 to 9 years (subsample n = 357), the rate of last year abstainers was.5% (total), 3.4% (males) and 5.5% (females). A 997 survey of 73 students in grade from 32 randomly selected public high schools in Bogotá shows that the percentage of study participants who reported having had at least one drink during their lifetime was 86.6%. 3 In a study of 26 children (253 boys and 358 girls) aged 6 8 years old from the city of Medellín in Colombia, it was found that 46% of the children drank alcohol (52.5% of boys and 4.5% of girls). The study also found that 25.7% of those aged between and 4 years drank alcohol, whilst 63.5% of children aged between 5 and 8 years old drank alcohol. 4 Youth drinking (heavy episodic drinkers) 7.5% Male 4.5% Female 4.% Country Survey Study. sample size n = 8; males n = 384 and females n = 696. Population aged 8 to 24 years old. For the age group 5 to 9 years (subsample n = 357), the rate of heavy episodic drinkers was.% (total), 6.% (males) and 7.% (females). Definition used: at least once a week consumption of six or more standard drinks in one sitting. WHO Global Status Report on Alcohol 24 2

3 Alcohol dependence 23 national survey of mental health (total sample size n = 4544; aged 8 to 65 years). DSM-IV definition of alcohol dependence was used. 5 Male 4.7% Female.3% According to the 2 2 Multi-Country Survey Study (total sample size n = 69; sample population aged 5 years and above), the rate of last year alcohol dependence was 4.8% (total), 9.8% (males) and 2.2% (females). Alcohol dependence was measured using criteria from the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems ( th Revision). Note: These are preliminary, early-release, unpublished data from WHO's Multi-Country Survey Study made available exclusively for this report. Some estimates may change in the final analyses of these data. A 987 urban survey of 28 residents between the ages of 2 and 64 in four cities showed that 8.% of subjects were considered to be alcoholics. 6 Traditional alcoholic beverages Aguardiente (anise-based liquor), guarapo (from sugar-cane) and chicha (alcoholic beverage fermented from maize) and chirrinche (similar to aguardiente but made with herbs) are drunk mainly in the rural areas (homebrewed). Unrecorded alcohol consumption The unrecorded alcohol consumption in Colombia is estimated to be 2. litres pure alcohol per capita for population older than 5 for the years after 995 (estimated by a group of key alcohol experts). 2 Mortality rates from selected death causes where alcohol is one of the underlying risk factors The data represent all the deaths occurring in a country irrespective of whether alcohol was a direct or indirect contributor. WHO Global Status Report on Alcohol 24 3

4 Chronic mortality Alcohol use disorders SDR per Cirrhosis of the liver Mouth and oropharynx cancers Ischaem ic heart disease Note: Chronic mortality time-series measured on two axes, ischaemic heart disease on right axis and the other causes on the left. Acute mortality SDR per F a lls Intentional injuries Poisonings Road traffic accidents Source: WHO Mortality Database Note: Caution should be exercised when interpreting the results as death registration level is incomplete. Morbidity, health and social problems from alcohol use A study of data on road deaths and injuries from 99 to 995 in Colombia found that 5% of deaths are attributable to driving whilst under the influence of alcohol. 7 In a study looking at homicides that were registered in Cali, Colombia from 993 to 998, the bivariate analysis conducted revealed a positive association with alcohol consumption by the victim. Cases that occurred during a fight between individuals or during group fighting also showed an association with alcohol consumption by the victim. 8 A cross-sectional study of a random sample of 275 women in Barranquilla, Colombia found that habitual alcohol consumption in the women and in the spouses were factors associated with marital violence. 9 WHO Global Status Report on Alcohol 24 4

5 The use of drugs and alcohol is a key factor in 8% of child abuse cases in Colombia, reports a recent study conducted by World Vision in Colombia. A 997 study showed that alcohol consumption is associated with self-perceived academic ability. Students who reported consumption of alcohol during the 3 days prior to the study showed significantly lower self-perceived academic ability than those who did not report alcohol use during the 3 days preceding the survey. 3 In a study comparing 85 patients with gastric cancer and 7 controls, alcohol consumption was found to be more common among patients with gastric cancer. Country background information population Life expectancy at birth (22) Male 67.5 Adult (5+) Female 76.3 % under 5 32 Probability of dying under age 5 per (22) Male 27 Population distribution 2 (%) Female 9 Urban 75 Gross National Income per capita 22 US$ 83 Rural 25 Sources: Population and Statistics Division of the United Nations Secretariat, World Bank World Development Indicators database, The World Health Report 24 References. Ustun TB et al. WHO Multi-Country Survey Study on Health and Health System Responsiveness 2 2. In: Murray CJL, Evans DB, eds. Health Systems Performance Assessment: Debates, Methods and Empiricism. Geneva, World Health Organization, Rehm J et al. Alcohol. In: Ezzati M et al., eds. Comparative quantification of health risks: Global and regional burden of disease due to selected major risk factors. Geneva, World Health Organization, in press. 3. Pérez MA, Pinzon-Pérez H. Alcohol, tobacco and other psychoactive drug use among high school students in Bogota, Colombia. Journal of School Health, 2, 7(9): Uscátegui Peñuela RMU et al. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en niños de 6 a 8 años de Medellín (Colombia) [Cardiovascular risk factors in children and teenagers aged 6 8 years old from Medellín (Colombia)]. Anales de Pediatria, 23, 58(5): Encuesta Nacional de Salud Mental 23 [National Survey of Mental Health, 23]. Ministry of Health. 6. Torres de Galvis Y, Murrelle L. Consumption of dependence-producing substances in Colombia. Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization, 99, 24(): Posada J. Death and injury from motor vehicle crashes in Colombia. Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública [Pan American Journal of Public Health], 2, 7(2): Concha-Eastman A et al. La epidemiología de los homicidios en Cali, : seis años de un modelo poblacional [Epidemiology of homicides in Cali, Colombia, : six years of a population-based model]. Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública [Pan American Journal of Public Health], 22, 2(4): Tuesca R, Borda M. Violencia física marital en Barranquilla (Colombia): prevalencia y factores de riesgo [Marital violence in Barranquilla (Colombia): prevalence and risk factors]. Gaceta Sanitaria, 23, 7(4): Drugs, alcohol key factors in child abuse, says study. World Vision Worldview Update ( accessed 24 February 24).. Rodríguez A et al. Asociación entre Infección por Helicobacter Pylori y Cáncer Gástrico en Colombia. Tomado De Acta Médica Colombiana, 2, 25:2 6. WHO Global Status Report on Alcohol 24 5