Lower Leg, Ankle and Foot Sports Medicine Competition Review Questions

Transcription

1 Lower Leg, Ankle and Foot Sports Medicine Competition Review Questions 1. The primary weight bearing bone in the lower leg is the a. fibula b. ulna c. tibia d. radius 2. (T or F) The ankle is a capsular joint. 3. (T or F) The ankle mortise consists of 3 bones: tibia, fibula, talus 4. (T or F) Ankle inversion/eversion are the same motions as ankle pronation/supination. 5. The plane dividing the body into front and back portions is the plane. a. sagittal b. frontal c. transverse d. diagonal 6. The deltoid ligaments limit a. inversion b. eversion c. dorsiflexion d. hyperextension 7. (T or F) The deltoid ligaments are weak in comparison to the ankle ligaments and are frequently sprained. 8. The fibula is to the tibia. a. lateral b. medial c. inferior d. superior 9. The Achilles tendon inserts on the a. knee b. peroneal tubercle c. calcaneal tubercle d. the great ray 10. (T or F) The cuboid is located anterior to the calcaneus on the medial longitudinal arch. 11. The majority of ankle sprains are a. lateral (due to inversion) b. medial (due to eversion) c. anterior (due to plantarflexion d. posterior (due to dorsiflexion) 12. (T or F) The calcaneofibular ligament (CFL)is an extracapsular structure. 13. (T or F) The posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL is the weakest of the three lateral ligaments of the foot. 14. individual ligaments form the deltoid ligament. a. 1 b. 2 c. 4 d There are tarsal bones a. 27 b. 7 c. 14 d. 26

2 16. The most posterior tarsal bone is the a. calcaneus b. navicular c. cuboid d. patella 17. The most superior tarsal bone is the. a. calcaneus b. navicular c. cuboid d. talus 18. (T or F) The interosseous membrane helps hold the tibia and fibula together. 19. The lower leg is divided into compartments. a. 5 b. 4 c. 3 d (T or F) Compartment syndrome results from decrease in inter-compartmental pressure. 21. (T or F) Compartment syndrome in the anterior compartment results in "drop foot". 22. The following structure or structures are in the anterior compartment : a. tibialis anterior b. extensor digitorum longus c. extensor hallicus longus d. all of the above 23. (T or F) The lateral compartment houses the superficial peroneal nerve 24. The prime flexor of the foot is the a. biceps b. triceps c. tibialis anterior d. plantaris 25. (T or F) The peroneus longus tendon is anterior to the lateral malleolus. 26. The tibialis posterior does not insert on what structure? a. navicular tuberosity b. calcaneus c. the great ray d. cuboid 27. What 3 muscles insert on the Achilles tendon? a. soleus, tibialis posterior, tibialis anterior b. soleus, gastrocnemius, plantaris c. gastrocnemius, plantaris, flexor hallicus longus d. none of the above 28. (T or F) A strain is an injury to a ligament. 29. (T or F) A sprain is an injury to a muscle or tendon. 30. The nerve can be irritated by palpating posterior to the fibular head a. common peroneal b. deep peroneal c. tibialis c. none of the above 31. (T or F) The gastrocnemius and soleus are the prime dorsiflexors

3 32. The bursa is between the Achilles tendon and the calcaneus. a. prepatellar b. subtendinous calcaneal c. subcutaneous calcaneal d. none of the above 33. (T or F) The purpose of a bursa is to reduce friction between moving structures. 34. When using a goniometer to measure ankle plantarflexion the fulcrum is on the a. lateral malleolus b. medial malleolus c. lateral epicongyle d.medial epicondyle 35. (T or F) A standing heel raise is a MMT for ankle dorsiflexion 36. (T or F) To isolate the soleus in a standing heel raise, the knee should be slightly flexed. 37. To MMT the tibialis anterior, resist a. plantarflexion b. dorsiflexion c. inversion d. eversion 38. To MMT the peroneus longus, resist a. plantarflexion b. dorsiflexion c. inversion d. eversion 39. To MMT the gastrocnemius, resist a. plantarflexion b. dorsiflexion c. inversion d. eversion 40. The anterior drawer test, tests the integrity of the a. ATF b. CF c. PTF d. none of the above 41. (T or F) The eversion stress test tests the deltoid ligament group 42. (T or F) It is useful to check a distal pulse to ensure blood flow is not compormised after an injury. 43. A "high" ankle sprain results in damage to what? a. syndesmosis b. ATF ligament c. deltoid ligament d. gastrocnemius muscle 44. The test tests the integrity of the Achilles Tendon a. Kleiger's b. Thompson c. Thomas d. none of the above 45. (T or F) A patient with a complete Achilles tendon rupture may be able to actively flex the foot 46. The more clinically accepted diagnosis for shin splints is a. medial tibial stress syndrome b. restless leg syndrome c. drop foot d. none of the above

4 47. What test(s) are used to access for fracture to the leg? a. bump test b. squeeze test c. tuning fork test d. all of the above 48. (T or F) DVT (deep vein thrombosis) is a condition that can be life threatening 49. What tests for DVT a. Thompson Test b. Thomas Test c. Kleiger's Test d. Homan's Sign 50. (T or F) It is not necessary to remove all footwear to perform a proper evaluation of the foot. 51. When taping the ankle, stirrups should be pulled from a. lateral to medial b. medial to lateral c. anterior to posterior d. superior to inferior 52. (T or F) The ankle is in the open packed position when it is plantarflexed and inverted 53. The largest tarsal bone is the a. calcaneus b. talus c. navicular d. cuboid 54. (T or F) A sesamoid bone doesn't directly articulate with any other bone 55. (T or F) The talus is a bone within the ankle 56. (T or F) The cuboid is a bone of the ankle 57. (T or F) The flexor hallicus longus attaches to the 5th metatarsal head 58. (T or F) The function of arches within the foot is to help evenly distribute the weight throughout the foot. 59. There are rays in the foot a. 1 b. 3 c. 5 d (T or F) Pes cavus is "flat footed"

5 Bone number 1 is the a. calcaneus b.talus c. navicular d. cuboid 62. Bone number 2 is the a. calcaneus b. talus c. navicular d. cuboid 63. Bone number 3 is the a. calcaneus b. talus c. navicular d. cuboid 64. Bone number 7 is the a. calcaneus b. talus c. navicular d. cuboid 65. Bones number 8-12 are the a. cuneiforms b. talus c. phalanges d. metatarsals 66. Bones numbered 4-6 are the a. calcaneus b. metatarsals c. cuneiforms d. phalanges 67. (T or F) The joint between 8 & 13 is the 1st metacarpal phalangeal joint 68. (T or F) The joint between 8 & 13 is the 5th metacarpal phalangeal joint

6 The structure labeled 1 is the a. soleus b. tibialis anterior c. flexor digitorum longus d. Achilles tendon e. gastrocnemius 70. The structure labeled 2 is the a. soleus b. tibialis anterior c. flexor digitorum longus d. Achilles tendon e. gastrocnemius 71. The stucture labeled 5 is the a. soleus b. tibialis anterior c. extensor digitorum longus d. Achilles tendon e. gastrocnemius 72. The structure labeled 7 is the a. soleus b. tibialis anterior c. extensor digitorum longus d. Achilles tendon e. gastrocnemius

7 ANSWER KEY 1. The primary weight bearing bone in the lower leg is the c. tibia 2. (T ) The ankle is a capsular joint. 3. (T ) The ankle mortise consists of 3 bones: tibia, fibula, talus 4. ( F) Ankle inversion/eversion are the same motions as ankle pronation/supination. 5. The plane dividing the body into front and back portions is the plane. b. frontal 6. The deltoid ligaments limit b. eversion 7. ( F) The deltoid ligaments are weak in comparison to the ankle ligaments and are frequently sprained. 8. The fibula is to the tibia. a. lateral 9. The Achilles tendon inserts on the c. calcaneal tubercle 10. (F) The cuboid is located anterior to the calcaneus on the medial longitudinal arch. 11. The majority of ankle sprains are a. lateral (due to inversion) 12. (T) The calcaneofibular ligament (CFL)is an extracapsular structure. 13. ( F) The posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL is the weakest of the three lateral ligaments of the foot. 14. individual ligaments form the deltoid ligament. c There are tarsal bones b The most posterior tarsal bone is the a. calcaneus 17. The most superior tarsal bone is the. d. talus 18. (T) The interosseous membrane helps hold the tibia and fibula together. 19. The lower leg is divided into compartments. b (F) Compartment syndrome results from decrease in inter-compartmental pressure. 21. (T) Compartment syndrome in the anterior compartment results in "drop foot". 22. The following structure or structures are in the anterior compartment : d. all of the above 23. (T) The lateral compartment houses the superficial peroneal nerve 24. The prime flexor of the foot is the c. tibialis anterior

8 25. (F) The peroneus longus tendon is anterior to the lateral malleolus. 26. The tibialis posterior does not insert on what structure? c. the great ray 27. What 3 muscles insert on the Achilles tendon? b. soleus, gastrocnemius, plantaris 28. (F) A strain is an injury to a ligament. 29. (F) A sprain is an injury to a muscle or tendon. 30. The nerve can be irritated by palpating posterior to the fibular head a. common peroneal 31. (F) The gastrocnemius and soleus are the prime dorsiflexors 32. The bursa is between the Achilles tendon and the calcaneus. b. subtendinous calcaneal 33. (T) The purpose of a bursa is to reduce friction between moving structures. 34. When using a goniometer to measure ankle plantarflexion the fulcrum is on the a. lateral malleolus 35. ( F) A standing heel raise is a MMT for ankle dorsiflexion 36. (T) To isolate the soleus in a standing heel raise, the knee should be slightly flexed. 37. To MMT the tibialis anterior, resist b. dorsiflexion 38. To MMT the peroneus longus, resist d. eversion 39. To MMT the gastrocnemius, resist a. plantarflexion 40. The anterior drawer test, tests the integrity of the a. ATF 41. (T) The eversion stress test tests the deltoid ligament group 42. (T) It is useful to check a distal pulse to ensure blood flow is not compormised after an injury. 43. A "high" ankle sprain results in damage to what? a. syndesmosis 44. The test tests the integrity of the Achilles Tendon b. Thompson 45. (T???) A patient with a complete Achilles tendon rupture may be able to actively flex the foot Bad Question...I'm assuming flexion means dorsiflexion The more clinically accepted diagnosis for shin splints is a. medial tibial stress syndrome 47. What test(s) are used to access for fracture to the leg? d. all of the above 48. (T) DVT (deep vein thrombosis) is a condition that can be life threatening

9 49. What tests for DVT d. Homan's Sign 50. ( F) It is not necessary to remove all footwear to perform a proper evaluation of the foot. 51. When taping the ankle, stirrups should be pulled from b. medial to lateral 52. (T) The ankle is in the open packed position when it is plantarflexed and inverted 53. The largest tarsal bone is the a. calcaneus 54. (T) A sesamoid bone doesn't directly articulate with any other bone 55. (T) The talus is a bone within the ankle 56. (F) The cuboid is a bone of the ankle 57. (F) The flexor hallicus longus attaches to the 5th metatarsal head 58. (T) The function of arches within the foot is to help evenly distribute the weight throughout the foot. 59. There are rays in the foot c (F) Pes cavus is "flat footed"

10 Bone number 1 is the a. calcaneus 62. Bone number 2 is the b. talus 63. Bone number 3 is the c. navicular 64. Bone number 7 is the d. cuboid 65. Bones number 8-12 are the d. metatarsals 66. Bones numbered 4-6 are the c. cuneiforms 67. (F) The joint between 8 & 13 is the 1st metacarpal phalangeal joint 68. (F) The joint between 8 & 13 is the 5th metacarpal phalangeal joint

11 The structure labeled 1 is the e. gastrocnemius 70. The structure labeled 2 is the a. soleus 71. The stucture labeled 5 is the b.tibialis anterior 72. The structure labeled 7 is the c. extensor digitorum longus