heat pumps Ground water source space heating for radiators or underfloor heating domestic hot water all year round up to 65 C

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1 Ground water source heat pumps clean green heating machines space heating for radiators or underfloor heating domestic hot water all year round up to 65 C natural cooling at a fraction of the cost of air conditioning heating that won t cost the earth

2 Ground water source heat pumps For the past 3.7 billion years the sun has provided all the energy necessary to support life on earth. It has also enabled the production of fossil fuels the coal, oil and gas that we are now burning at such a rate that we are seriously damaging the earth s environment and creating global warming. Yet every day, the sun provides over five thousand times the amount of energy that we consume worldwide. If we could only harvest a tiny fraction of this solar energy, we could use it to replace the fossil fuels we currently burn to heat our homes. Well, now we can. The earth continually absorbs and stores heat from the sun, maintaining a year round temperature of 8 C to 14 C at depths below one metre. A Soleco ground water source heat pump can extract this energy and use it to meet all your heating requirements. Heat Pumps what are they? A heat pump is an electrically powered appliance that extracts free heat from renewable energy sources such as the earth or underground water. The total heat output is typically around 3 to 5 times greater than the electrical power required to drive the heat pump, a level of efficiency no other form of heating can achieve. A Soleco ground source heat pump extracts energy from underground water, which is readily available almost everywhere, and transfers it to your hot water system, increasing the water temperature to around 40 C to 65 C, as required. Soleco heat pumps are suitable for either underfloor heating or modern radiator systems. It will run your central heating system, provide hot water for all your baths, showers and washing, and if required, provide effective summer cooling at a fraction of the cost of running a conventional air conditioning system. 12 KiloWatt Ground Source 9 KiloWatts Heat Pump 12 KiloWatts Free heat from underground water Coefficient of Performance = 4 Electrical Power 3 KiloWatts Low Cost Heating

3 Why Choose a Soleco Heat Pump? Soleco heat pumps extract their energy directly from underground water via a borehole. This open loop mode of operation is the most efficient possible for a domestic heat pump, so they deliver the highest efficiency and lowest running costs achievable with current heat pump technology. The reliable temperature of underground water, coupled with the high efficiency design, means that backup heating should not (normally) be required. Soleco heat pumps are suitable for modern radiators or underfloor heating. However, like all heat pumps, the highest efficiency is achieved at the lowest hot water temperature, so for best performance they should be installed in a well insulated property. For new build, it should be relatively straightforward to design the heating system to use water at 45 C or less, even with conventional radiators. (A typical modern radiator operating at only 40 C still delivers around 40% of the heat output it would deliver at its normally rated 70 C). For older houses where high water temperatures cannot be avoided, we can offer versions that deliver central heating water at 65 C. Please contact us (see back page) for further information. All our heat pumps deliver domestic hot water for baths, showers and sinks at 65 C*, regardless of the central heating water temperature, and with no reduction in Coefficient of Performance. An unique feature of heat pumps that use ground water, is that it can also be used for cooling at a fraction of the cost of air conditioning. The main running cost is the power used by the ground water pump, which is much less than the cost of running the heat pump. The naturally cool borehole water is routed to either a ventilation system, or to special purpose floor or wall mounted radiators. This type of cooling is more natural than air conditioning, which often removes too much moisture and typically delivers a stream of expensive and uncomfortably cold dry air. By 2009, buildings in the UK that are built, sold or rented will require an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) as part of a Home Information Pack. A Soleco heat pump can significantly reduce energy consumption, improve your EPC rating and enhance the value of your property. Even taking account of the carbon dioxide produced by electricity generation, a Soleco heat pump will produce less carbon dioxide then even the most efficient condensing gas boiler. Finally, our products are designed and manufactured in the UK. No air miles! *See Specification Section

4 Our Service For Homeowners, we offer a complete project management and design service via our network of Distributors and Sales Agents. They can offer the following services: A preliminary visit to assess whether your home or project is suitable for a heat pump. A site survey to advise where to locate the borehole, soakaway and heat pump, and to check power availability etc. An energy survey (based on SAP2005 if necessary) to assess the heating load, and determine the size of heat pump required. A ground water survey to assess likely borehole depth and water flow rate. System design and dimensioning including natural cooling if required. Heat Pumps - how do they work? If you have ever pumped up a bicycle tyre, you probably remember the pump becoming hot. This is a quite general rule: if you increase the pressure of a gas, like the air in the pump, it becomes hotter. The reverse is also true: reduce the pressure, it gets colder. This is the science behind the operation of a heat pump. At its heart is a compressor which pressurises a refrigerant gas to make it hot. The hot gas is piped to a heat exchanger, where it heats up the water. As the gas gives up its heat, it turns back into a liquid. This liquid, which is still under pressure, passes through a tiny nozzle and into a second heat exchanger, or evaporator. The evaporator connects to the compressor input, completing the circuit. The low pressure in the evaporator causes the liquid refrigerant that is being forced through the expansion valve, to fall in temperature to around 2 C to 6 C. A specialist to drill the borehole. Installer(s) to construct a soakaway, connect the borehole, Plumbing Manifold, Heat Pump and soakaway, and commission and test the system. Install natural cooling system and connect to third party ventilation system if required. Please contact us for details of your nearest Distributor contact details on the back page. For Project Managers, Developers and Builders who do not need the complete homeowner service, and just need a Heat Pump, we can supply direct. We also offer a Plumbing Manifold to simplify the plumbing work and reduce installation time. In addition, we can provide a list of partner organisations who can carry out SAP2005 heat loss calculations to assess the size of heat pump required, groundwater surveys, plus borehole drillers, and installers who can work with your own trades personnel to install and commission the complete heat pump system. Water to SoakAway Free Heat In Water from Borehole Reducing the pressure lowers the temperature Low Pressure Cold Vapour Expansion Valve Ground Source Heat Pump Heat Exchanger (Evaporator) Medium Pressure Warm Liquid Heat Exchanger (Condenser) Low Pressure Cool Gas Compressor High Pressure Hot Gas Electric Power In Increasing the pressure raises the temperature Return Water from Heating System Low Cost Heat Out Hot Water to Heating System In the Soleco heat pump, the cold refrigerant in the evaporator is warmed by the ground water pumped up from the borehole at around 8 C to 12 C. Because of the low pressure (the evaporator is connected to the suction side of the compressor) the refrigerant boils, and turns back into a gas. This is re-pressurised by the compressor to repeat the cycle. The borehole water, which is cooled by around 5 C during the process, is simply returned to the underground water table via a soak-away.

5 Heat Pumps the different types Open Loop Ground Source Water from the underground water table, which is readily available almost everywhere, is pumped up to the surface through a small (150mm diameter) borehole. The heat pump extracts energy from the water, which is cooled by around 5 C in the process, and is returned to the water table via a soak-away, ditch or stream, or sometimes a second borehole. Soleco heat pumps extract energy directly from the underground water, rather than via an intermediate heat exchanger, which is the more common but less efficient solution. This method is also more efficient than extracting energy from the ground via a closed loop pipe, so open loop heat pumps will generally operate all year round with high efficiency, and are unlikely to require back-up heating. Horizontal Closed Loop Ground Source This type of heat pump uses a buried pipe or slinky to collect energy from the ground. Around 50 metres of slinky are required for every KiloWatt of heat output, so this type of system is only suitable for properties with very large gardens. The slinky is buried in trenches approximately 1 to 2 metres deep, and contains an antifreeze mixture circulated by the heat pump. Heat is transferred from the ground to the anti-freeze, then from the anti-freeze to the heat pump. Because there are two steps in transferring heat from the ground to the heat pump, the losses are greater and the efficiency is lower than the open loop system. During extended cold periods, and towards the end of winter, the heat extracted from by this type of heat pump tends to reduce the ground temperature and heating efficiency, so a backup heating system is generally recommended. Vertical Closed Loop Ground Source Where a large garden is not available and space is at a premium, a vertical closed loop system may be used instead. Closely related to the horizontal closed loop system, this type of installation uses a U-shaped pipe within a vertical borehole to collect energy from the ground. The pipe contains an anti-freeze mixture, which is circulated by the heat pump. The vertical and horizontal closed loop systems offer similar levels of performance and efficiency, although the vertical system can be installed in properties with little available land. As with the horizontal system, the ground can become chilled during extended cold periods, so a backup heating system is generally recommended. Air Source This type of heat pump extracts energy directly from the air. Whilst they are the simplest and least expensive to install, they are also the least efficient and most expensive to run. This is because efficiency and power output depend on the temperature difference between the source (air) and output. At the coldest time of the year, air temperatures may be 10 C to 15 C colder than ground water. Just when the most heat is required, the efficiency and heat output of an air source heat pump is at its lowest much lower than an equivalent ground source heat pump. As a result, air source systems almost always require back-up heating.

6 Natural Cooling our low cost, low carbon solution The Problem New houses are having to meet increasingly strict building regulations designed to substantially reduce their use of energy. Because air leakage accounts for a significant part of the heat loss in a traditional house, new houses have to be made almost completely air-tight, as well as ultra-insulated. However, fresh air is still essential for a healthy house, so controlled mechanical ventilation with heat recovery is set to become the norm for new houses. In such highly insulated houses, it is predicted that cooking, lighting and appliances (televisions, washing machines etc) will actually use more energy, and therefore produce more heat, than the main central heating system. With such high levels of insulation, this waste heat will be unable to escape, and in the summer the houses will become very susceptible to overheating. The Traditional Solution Is to use air conditioning. This is predicted to become much more common in UK domestic housing, particularly in the South where the effects of global warming will be more pronounced. However, it is expensive to install and operate, and negates much of the benefit of the low energy house design. inexpensive to install and uses minimal power just the existing borehole water pump to circulate the ground water to a heat exchanger connected to the ventilation system. We currently offer this low cost, low carbon, natural cooling solution for ventilation systems from Villavent Limited (for more information on their products, see We plan to introduce similar cooling units for other makes of ventilation in due course, but if you use, or are planning to use, a ventilation system from a different manufacturer, and would like to enjoy the benefits of our low carbon cooling system in your house, please contact us (details on the back page) and we will be delighted to discuss your requirements. Although heat pumps can be designed to also provide air conditioning, eliminating the cost of a separate cooling system, it compromises their heating efficiency, and in cooling mode they still use as much energy and produce just as much carbon dioxide as a conventional air conditioner. The Soleco Solution Uses the naturally cool borehole water to provide cooling via third party ventilation systems. It provides fresh cooled air during the summer, cleverly complementing the heat recovery provided by the ventilation system during the winter. In contrast with traditional air conditioning systems, the Soleco natural cooling system is Bathroom Kitchen Heat Recovery (Winter) Soleco Cooling Unit Ground Water Bedroom Sitting Room

7 Ground Water Underground rocks act like a giant sponge, storing rainwater in vast quantities. Whilst some rocks hold more than others, ground water is widely available throughout the UK. Around a third of the public water supply in England and Wales comes from ground water, whilst in the South East it is over 70%. Model Range Single Phase Vac 50Hz Three Phase 400Vac 50Hz Model Power (KW) 1 Model Power (KW) Total Heat Output Quoted for Heating Water at 40 o C, Domestic Hot Water at 65 o C, Ground Water at 12 o C Specification Compressor Refrigerant Electrical Optional Copeland Hermetic Scroll. Twin compressor units use a Copeland, tandem compressor oil balancing system. R407C Electronic soft start (single phase units). Microprocessor control. Sequential start on dual compressor units. Anti-cycle timing. Electrical panel sealed from Unit wet side. Unit mounted isolator. Fully acoustically lined case. Anti-vibration mounting pad. Cupro-Nickel or Stainless Steel Heat Exchanger for sea water applications. Size and Weight L x W x H (cms) Weight (Kgs) 8-12KW, 1 & 3 Phase 16-25KW, 1 & 3 Phase 30 & 40KW, 3 Phase 690 x 520 x x 690 x x 760 x To find out more, the UK Groundwater Forum website has detailed information on every aspect of ground water. Typical Performance Heat Pump Ground Water Useage Dependent on the ground water temperature, Soleco heat pumps require approximately 1.5 to 2 litres per minute per KiloWatt heat output. So, for example, an 20KW model requires 30 to 40 litres of ground water per minute. Total Heat Output (Relative to 40 o C) 110% 105% 100% 95% Heat Pump Performance (Ground Water 12 o C) Total Heat Output Coefficient of Performance Coefficient of Performance Ground water extracted to operate a domestic heat pump is exempt from Environment Agency licensing, ( provided that no more than 20,000 litres are used in any 24 hour period. The 20KW model can therefore be used for around 8 to 11 hours per day without needing a licence. 90% C 35 C 40 C 45 C 50 C 55 C Space Heating Water Supply Temperature o C The performance characteristics of all heat pumps are very dependent on the heating system design and the particular installation. Actual installed performance may therefore vary from that measured or quoted by Soleco.

8 heating that won t cost the earth The Soleco range of Ground Source Heat Pumps is designed and manufactured by Thermal Engineering Systems Ltd, based in Uffculme, Devon. TES has been at the forefront of heat pump design and manufacture for nearly 30 years. However, historically it has designed and manufactured bespoke heat transfer and cooling products for major international clients. So, although TES is well known and respected in the commercial and industrial sectors, its heat pump products have been relatively unknown until now. TES is one of the few genuine UK manufacturers (as opposed to distributors and importers), and the only specialist in open loop ground water source technology. We offer local products that combine the highest heating efficiency with an innovative, low cost, low carbon cooling system, to ensure all year round performance and comfort. Soleco range of heat pumps From Thermal Engineering Systems Ltd, Clay Lane, Uffculme, Cullompton, Devon, EX15 3AJ Tel +44 (0) Fax +44 (0) sales@solecoheatpumps.uk sales@thermal-eng.co.uk Copyright All data is believed to be correct at time of publication, and is subject to change. Printed on 100% recycled paper from post-consumer waste using bio inks.