TABLE OF CONTENTS UNIT 1 GETTING STARTED WITH JAVA. AP* Computer Science Review Companion for Fundamentals of Java Preface. 3 Chapter 1: Background

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1 TABLE OF CONTENTS iii v AP* Computer Science Review Companion for Fundamentals of Java Preface UNIT 1 GETTING STARTED WITH JAVA 3 Chapter 1: Background History of Computers Computer Hardware and Software Binary Representation of Information and Computer Memory Programming Languages The Software Development Process Basic Concepts of Object-Oriented Programming 28 Summary 31 Chapter 2: First Java Programs Why Java? The Java Virtual Machine and Byte Code Choosing a User Interface Style Hello World Edit, Compile, and Execute Temperature Conversion Graphics and GUIs: Windows and Panels 52 Summary 57 Chapter 3: Syntax, Errors, and Debugging Language Elements Basic Java Syntax and Semantics Terminal I/O for Different Data Types Comments Programming Errors Debugging Graphics and GUIs: Drawing Shapes and Text 100 Summary 105 Chapter 4: Introduction to Control Statements Additional Operators Standard Classes and Methods A Visit to the Farm The if and if-else Statements The while Statement The for Statement Nested Control Statements and the break Statement Using Loops with Text Files Errors in Loops Graphics and GUIs: I/O Dialog Boxes and Loops 143 Design, Testing, and Debugging Hints 144 Summary 149 Unit Review xii

2 Table of Contents xiii UNIT 2 THE NEXT STEP WITH JAVA 155 Chapter 5: Introduction to Defining Classes The Internal Structure of Classes and Objects A Student Class Editing, Compiling, and Testing the Student Class The Structure and Behavior of Methods Scope and Lifetime of Variables Graphics and GUIs: Images, a Circle Class, and Mouse Events 194 Summary 199 Chapter 6: Control Statements Continued Logical Operators Testing if Statements Nested if Statements Logical Errors in Nested if Statements Nested Loops Testing Loops Loop Verification Graphics and GUIs: Timers and Animations 241 Design, Testing, and Debugging Hints 242 Summary 247 Chapter 7: Improving the User Interface A Thermometer Class Repeating Sets of Inputs A Menu-Driven Conversion Program Formatted Output with printf and format Handling Number Format Exceptions during Input Graphics and GUIs 265 Summary 269 Chapter 8: Introduction to HTML and Applets Hypertext, Hypermedia, and the World Wide Web Overview of the Hypertext Markup Language Simple Text Elements Character-Level Formatting Lists Linking to Other Documents Multimedia Tables Applets 295 Summary 299 Unit Review

3 x i v Table of Contents UNIT 3 ARRAYS, RECURSION, AND COMPLEXITY 305 Chapter 9: Introduction to Arrays Conceptual Overview Simple Array Manipulations Looping Through Arrays Declaring Arrays Working with Arrays That Are Not Full Parallel Arrays Two-Dimensional Arrays Using the Enhanced for Loop Arrays and Methods Arrays of Objects Graphics and GUIs: Changing the View of Student Test Scores 343 Design, Testing, and Debugging Hints 343 Summary 351 Chapter 10: Classes Continued Class (static) Variables and Methods Turtle Graphics Java Interfaces The Client Perspective Java Interfaces The Implementation Perspective Code Reuse Through Inheritance Inheritance and Abstract Classes Some Observations about Interfaces, Inheritance, and Relationships among Classes Acceptable Classes for Parameters and Return Values Error Handling with Classes Exceptions Reference Types, Equality, and Object Identity Graphics and GUIs: Drawing Multiple Shapes 402 Summary 405 Chapter 11: Arrays Continued Advanced Operations on Strings Searching Sorting Insertions and Removals Working with Arrays of Objects The Class java.util.arraylist Graphics and GUIs: Menus 450 Summary 455 Chapter 12: Recursion, Complexity, and Searching and Sorting Recursion Complexity Analysis Binary Search Quicksort Merge Sort Graphics and GUIs: Drawing Recursive Patterns 497 Design, Testing, and Debugging Hints 497 Summary 501 Unit Review

4 Table of Contents xv Appendix A-1 Appendix B-1 Appendix C-1 Appendix D-1 Appendix E-1 Appendix F-1 Appendix G-1 Appendix H-1 Appendix I-1 Appendix J-1 Glossary-1 Index-1 Appendix A Java Resources Appendix B Java Language Elements Appendix C Operator Precedence Appendix D ASCII Character Set Appendix E Number Systems Appendix F Java Exception Handling Appendix G Java Packages and jar Files Appendix H Files Appendix I The TurtleGraphics Package Appendix J AP Correlations Glossary Index

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