APUSH 4/6/16. Agenda: HW: Analyze music from 60s Counterculture Notes Unit 3 Review. Nixon Chart. If time. Quiz tomorrow!

Transcription

1 Agenda: Analyze music from 60s Counterculture Notes Unit 3 Review If time APUSH 4/6/16 HW: Nixon Chart Quiz tomorrow!

2 1960S-1970S COUNTERCULTURE Turn on, Tune in, Drop out! -Dr. Timothy Leary

3 GENERAL INFO An anti-establishment cultural phenomenon New negative attitude toward authority Trust no one over 30 Baby boomers grew up seeing JFK assassination, civil rights violations, and Vietnam NYC, San Francisco

4 BLACK POWER African-American Solidarity The Voting Rights Act of 1965 marked the end of nonviolent movement MLK and integration Watts Riot LA 31 blacks and 3 whites dead, injured, 100s of buildings burned/looted New phase of militancy, aimed at black separatism

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6 NEW VOICES Malcolm X (Little) Inspired by militant black nationalists in the Nation of Islam X = lost African identity in a white America Black separatism from the white devils by any means necessary Later moved toward mainstream Islam became more moderate 1965 gunned down by Nation of Islam rivals while speaking in NYC

7 MLK Malcolm X Middle class Learned from Gandhi s teachings Baptist minister Rosa Parks, SCLC, Birmingham, March on Washington Nobel Peace Prize 1964 Non-violence and integration Poverty and hardship Foster home, detention facility Dropped out of school at 15 Prison for armed robbery Read teachings of Nation of Islam (Black Muslims) Left a changed man By any means necessary

8 NEW VOICES Black Power SNCC become more militant Stokely Carmichael, head of SNCC, calls for Black Power: will smash everything Western civilization has created. African Americans control own lives, communities, without whites Promoted distinctiveness: hairstyles and dress, shed white names Black Panthers The Black Panthers formed in Oakland, California founders were Bobby Seale and Huey Newton Black Nationalism Wanted to fight against poverty, to help improve health care, free breakfast for children Armed citizen patrols to evaluate police behavior Militant, violent tactics FBI COINTELPRO program investigate and undermine party

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10 1968 TURNING POINT King s Death King objects to Black Power movement, preaching of violence Killed on April 4, 1968 Reactions to King s Death King s death leads to worst urban rioting in U.S. history - Riots over 100 cities affected -Kerner Commission investigated cause of riots US has two nations: one white, one black -Robert Kennedy assassinated two months later

11 THE NEW LEFT The New Left : Left wing movements in the 1960s and 1970s. Demanded changes in American society, more socialism Some anarchists: Abbie Hoffman s Yippies more theatrical, advanced a pig as a candidate for President in 1968 to mock status quo The Diggers opened free stores gave away stock, food, drugs, money, free music concerts (mini-society free of capitalism)

12 STUDENTS FOR A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY (SDS) Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) Founded by Tom Hayden & Al Haber at University of Michigan corporations have too much power in government Port Huron Statement - Dedicated to Participatory Democracy, articulated the fundamental problems of American society and laid out a radical vision for a better future. An Agenda for a Generation "We would replace power rooted in possession, privilege, or circumstance, with power rooted in love, reflectiveness, reason, and creativity." -SDS, "Port Huron Statement

13 THE NEW LEFT RADICALIZES The Weather Underground (Weathermen) split off from the SDS Advocated violence to overthrow the US govt Create world communism Bombed US Capitol, Pentagon, State Dept building

14 FREE SPEECH MOVEMENT University of California at Berkeley in 1964 Students objected to a ban on political debate on campus Used sit-ins Spread to campuses across the country Mario Savio

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16 Saw war as Having no strategic goal Morally unjust Draining American resources ANTI-WAR MOVEMENT 1968 US spent $322,000 for every 1 communist killed $53 per person in poverty programs in the US

17 KENT STATE MASSACRE Kent State University (Ohio) May 4, 1970 The Ohio National Guard clashed with student protesters on campus. The Ntn l Guard shot at protesters, killing 4 and wounding 9.

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19 GAY RIGHTS/LIBERATION MOVEMENT Mattachine Society founded in LA in 1951 demanded sexual tolerance Starting point is the Stonewall Riots 1969 Began as a police raid at Stonewall Inn homosexual patrons resisted This was a rallying point for the movement st gay rights parade

20 OTHER MOVEMENTS: FEMINISM Women s Rights Movement was called Feminism Demands "women's liberation" :equal pay, equal rights, freedom to plan their families Betty Friedan -- The Feminine Mystique (1957) Addressed dissatisfaction with the status quo of the 1950s the problem that has no name

21 THE COUNTERCULTURE LIFESTYLE Counterculture - Pursuit of altered states of consciousness and unconventional lifestyles Hippies LSD and other psychedelic drugs Sexual Revolution and free love Communes Music Grateful Dead, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, The Doors, Beatles Underground newspapers

22 SUMMER OF LOVE ,000 people converged in Haight-Ashbury, San Francisco cultural and political rebellion A social experiment due to alternative lifestyles Communal living Communal sharing of resources (even among strangers) Free love Haight Ashbury was a ghetto of bohemians who wanted to do anything and we did but I don't think it has happened since. Yes there was LSD. But Haight Ashbury was not about drugs. It was about exploration, finding new ways of expression, being aware of one's existence. Grateful Dead Guitarist Bob Weir

23 KOOL-AID AND WOODSTOCK The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test book about Ken Kesey and the Merry Pranksters traveled across country in a colorfully painted school bus named Furthur written by Tom Wolfe Acid Tests were parties where everyone takes LSD (which was often put into the Kool-Aid they served) and abandoned the realities of the mundane world in search of a state of intersubjectivity Woodstock: August 1969 Exemplified the counterculture Thirty-two of the best-known musicians of the day appeared 500,000 attended No major incidents of crime or violence (victory for peace and love.)

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