GRAMMAR SCOPE AND SEQUENCE

Transcription

1 GRAMMAR SCOPE AND SEQUENCE Colchester Public Schools April 2010

2 Topic K 1 2 Periods, question marks, exclamation mark at end of sentence. Periods, question marks, exclamation points Comma in a series Comma after greeting and closing in a letter Comma between city and state Quotation marks in dialog Apostrophe for contractions Usage Simple singular and plural nouns Use common irregular verbs, past and present tense, agreement, linking verbs Use singular, plural, common, proper and possessive nouns Use adjectives in sentences Use correct subject verb agreement, correct pronoun choice Distinguish between complete and incomplete sentences Combine simple sentences using and/or/but Capitalization First and last name capitalized and to begin sentences. I and names capitalized. Capitalize first word in sentence Capitalize names, I, proper nouns, days, months, holidays, salutation and closing of a letter Vocabulary as background knowledge Capital Period Question mark Exclamation Noun, verb, adjective Compound sentence Complete sentence Singular, plural, past, present tense, comma, apostrophe Other Consult beginning dictionaries to check and correct spelling.

3 Topic Usage Capitalization Use apostrophe to show possession Use period after abbreviation or initial Use comma between city and state Use comma in a series Use comma between day of month and year Use comma in compound sentences Use quotation marks in dialog Use correct pronoun as subject Use consistent verb tense Produce complete sentences Does not use double negatives Use paragraph conventions Capitalize person s title Capitalize first word inside quotation marks Capitalize all proper nouns Comma to set off titles or initials Comma in complete address Comma after introductory phrase Use italics, underlining, or quotes for titles Use colon after greeting in business letter Use hyphen between syllables at line breaks Use punctuation for effect Indent paragraphs consistently Single/plural agreement between nouns and modifiers Logical use of conjunctions Correct placement of pronouns Capitalize important words in a title Capitalize abbreviations Use periods in abbreviations Use commas to set off interjections Use comma after date or address within text Use quotation marks in dialog Use hyphen in numbers Use hyphen to join numbers Use ellipsis to show omitted words Use semicolon between two independent clauses Use standard and non standard English Use subject, object pronouns correctly Use new paragraphs to change speakers in dialog Capitalize brand names Capitalize geographic regions Homonyms/ homophones Vocabulary as background knowledge Other Its, it s; your, you re; their, there, they re; two, too; by, buy; Homonym Pronoun Use resources to find correct spelling for words identified as misspelled Use words for effect know, no; eye, I; hair, hare; blew, blue; here, hear; knot, not; Alphabetize Phrase, italics Use resources to correct capitalization Cite sources, list alphabetically Bare, bear; break, brake; clothes, close; dear, deer; lead,led Clause Dialog, ellipsis, semicolon Voice Cite sources in research using bibliographic format First person, third person

4 Topic Usage Capitalization Homonyms Vocabulary as background knowledge Other Use commas in appositives Use commas to set off direct address and items in a series Use apostrophe to show quotation within quotation Use parentheses and dashes to separate ideas Use semicolon between two independent clauses connected by a conjunctive adverb Show agreement of pronoun and referent Maintain consistent person Use parallel construction when listing verbs Use paragraph conventions Capitalize languages, races, nationalities, and religions Read, reed; right, write, weather, whether; tail, tale; which, witch Independent clause Adverb Pronoun, referent Cite sources in research using bibliographic format Use resources to correct own spelling Provide detailed labeling, captions, Commas to separate an interrupter Semicolons to separate groups that contain commas Hyphen to prevent confusion Comma Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction Use adjectives vs. adverbs correctly Comparative vs. superlative adjectives correctly Parallel construction for elements of a list Subject verb agreement Place phrases and clauses within a sentence avoiding misplacement Capitals in an outline Principle, principal; board, bored; capitol, capital; cent, scent Superlative Complex sentences Appositive Cite sources in research using bibliographic format Use resources to correct own spelling Use commas to enclose titles Place commas and periods inside quotation marks Use apostrophes to form plurals of letters or numbers Use apostrophes in possessive compound nouns Use a colon between title and subtitle Use commas to separate coordinate adjectives Use parallel construction when listing infinitive phrases Address common usage errors: Affect, effect; than, then; accept, except; alright, all right; loose, lose; Capitalize title of specific course WJJMS no excuses homophone list. Infinitive Periodic sentences Dependent clause Cite sources in research using prescribed bibliographic format (MLA) Use resources to correct own spelling Use active verbs

5 headings and subheadings Use repetition as a strategy Expand, combine or reduce sentences for meaning and style Vary sentence structure Meaning and effect related to syntax Reversal: inverted order as a syntax strategy Eliminate wordiness and redundancy

6 Topic 9 10 Structure & Usage Use parallel structure Use phrases and clauses to add variety and interest Recognize and correct inappropriate shifts in verb voice and mood, pronoun number and person. Avoid dangling modifiers Use commonly confused words correctly (no excuses list) Form and use verbs in active and passive voice. Consult references regarding changing usage Write using agreement of indefinite pronouns and verbs Vocabulary as background knowledge Syntax Use semicolons between two independent clauses Use commas and dashes to set off parenthetical elements Use commas between clauses using a coordinating conjunction Use commas with appositives Voice, Mood Dangling participle Syntax, Diction Write and edit work to conform to style manual Vary sentence patterns for meaning, interest and style Choose words and phrases that express ideas concisely Choose among simple, compound, and compoundcomplex sentences to indicate differing relationships among ideas. Use hyphens to join words Use comma, ellipse or dash to indicate pause or break Use a comma to separate coordinate adjectives Accurately use apostrophes in plural and possessive nouns Use colons effectively Active, passive Ellipse Make effective language choices Use conditional and subjunctive mood to achieve effect Revise sentence structure to improve organization, fluency, and clarity. Use transitions effectively