Chapter IV. Research Findings and Discussion

Transcription

1 Chapter IV Research Findings and Discussion This chapter presents the result of the research. The content of this part consists of research findings and discussion. 4.1 Research Findings The research was conducted at SMK N 1 Limboto. The participants of this research are the students of SMK N 1 Limboto that took randomly. Then I gave the students questionnaire and interview some of them. The questionnaires were given to 40 students that selected randomly. The questionnaire contain 30 items that consist of three categories of ideal English teachers characteristics, they are personal qualities, professional qualities, and pedagogical skill. Some participants also were joined interview to give their perspective. This interview aimed to support the data from questionnaire. The interview consists of four questions that related with the characters of ideal English teachers. The following are the result of the data collecting from the questionnaire and interview. I analyzed the data by showing on the graph and then describes it. There are three graphs in that shown, graph 1 shows about personal qualities of ideal English teachers, graph 2 presents about professional qualities, and graph 3 presents about pedagogical skills of ideal English teachers Personal Qualities of Ideal Teachers Based on Students Perspective

2 The following graph shows about personal qualities of ideal English teachers based on students perspective. The graph is the result of questionnaire that filled by the students to express their opinion about ideal English teachers personal qualities. There are 10 items that showed in the graph, they are friendly, creative, caring, strict, fair, enthusiastic, young, experienced, humor and gender. Graph 1. Personal qualities of ideal teachers based on students perspective Based on the graph 1, it can be interpreted that there are some personal qualities that the teachers must have as an ideal English teacher based on students opinion. These items get the highest percentage off all, such as friendly and fair that get 100% or all students choose these items. Those are the items that has highest score from students, it can be interpreted that students hope teachers must have the personal qualities that mentioned above, they are friendly and fair. Those are very important characters based on the category of percentage. In the interview, the students also expressed the same thing; here are some students transcription from the interview. P#3. I think, the ideal English teachers are friendly, good, and can understand their students. (Guru bahasa Inggris yang ideal menurut saya, guru yang mudah bergaul, baik dan saling mengerti satu sama lain). P#6. A teacher should fair to the students (Sifat seorang guru sebaiknya tidak pilih kasih).

3 P#10. Teach all the students fairly (Mengajarkan sama rata kepada siswa). P#18. I think, ideal English teacher is friendly (Kalau menurut saya guru bahasa Inggris yang ideal adalah guru yang bersahabat ) P#23. Fair, patient, creative, good, and homour. (Adil, ramah, kreatif, baik dan humoris). P#24. Fair, responsible, and on time (Adil, bertanggung jawab dan tepat waktu). The other items that chosen by students as ideal English teachers personal qualities is creative, and caring. Both of these items creative and caring get higher percentage than the others. Creative and caring get 97.5 % or only one student who does not choose these two items. These items get more that 85 %, so creative and caring also very important for the teachers to have. The high percentage of this two items explained that students hope their ideal English teachers must creative in class and caring about them. The data supported by the result of interview such as the following. P#1. English teachers are can make their students felt comfortable, creative, and care to their students. (Guru bahasa inggris itu bisa membuat siswa nyaman, guru yang kreatif dan peduli pada siswa) P#10 An English teacher should be able to know every students characters (Sifat yang seharusnya dimiliki oleh guru bahasa Inggris ialah mampu mengetahui karakter setiap anak didiknya). P#18. The teacher understand if the students do not like something that teacher do ( pengertian kalau muridnya lagi tidak senang sama hal yang dibuat guru).

4 P#23. Fair, patient, creative, and homour. (Adil, ramah, kreatif, baik dan humoris) P#24. Creative, homour.. (Kreatif, humoris ) The items also obtain high score are experienced, humor and enthusiastic. Experienced chosen by 38 students or 95 % and humor and enthusiastic chosen by 34 students or in percentage is 85%. Those items also very important for the ideal teachers base on students perception. Those are personal qualities that should have by the ideal English teachers based on students perspective that got from the result of questionnaire. The students quotation from the interview will support the data from questionnaire above. P#1. An english teacher should be patient, mastering the material, simple, humour, and always smile. (Seorang guru bahasa Inggris seharusnya ramah, menguasai materi, simple, humoris dan murah senyum). P#14. Unique, humour, and master of English (Unik, humoris dan mampu menguasai bahasa Inggris). P#20. Good, young, experienced. (Baik, muda, berpengalaman ) P#23. Fair, patient, creative, good, and humour (Adil, ramah, kreatif, baik dan humoris) The other item that chosen by 29 students is young. 72.5% students tell that age of the teachers is important to be ideal teachers. Based on the category, young include in important category because it is between %. The graph

5 also shows that some items get no less than 50%, those items are strict and gender. Strict and gender get 60 % or 24 students choose the items. It means strict and gender include in category quite important. Here are conclussion of the explanation about personal qualities of ideal English teachers based on the students percpective that show in this following table: Table 1. Category of personal qualities of ideal teachers Category % Personal Qualities of Ideal Teachers 100 Friendly, and fair Very Important 97.5 Creative, and caring 95 Experienced Important 72.5 Young 85 Enthusiastic, and humor Quite Important 60 Strict and gender The table above show the students perspective about personal qualities of ideal teachers. Ideal English teachers are they who have very important personal qualities that get score %. Students think that ideal English teachers should friendly and fair to all students. They also care about the students. They are creative in teaching and learning process and always show their enthusiasm. And the ideal English teachers also have sense of humor.

6 Professional Qualities of Ideal Teachers Based on Students Perspective The following graph presents about professional qualities of ideal English teachers based on students perspective. The graph is the result of students opinion that expressed in the questionnaire that the researcher gave to them. There are 10 items that presented in the graph, they are Native speaker of English, Native speaker of Indonesian but fluent in English, Know about Indonesian and foreign culture, Gives homework, Takes attendance, Give test regularly, likes to play games, Has live in foreign country, Teaches formal and informal English and Uses pair and group work activities. Graph 2. Professional qualities of ideal teachers based on students perspective The first item or number 2a only native speaker of English get the lowest score of all, 25 % or only 10 students who chosen this item. It means not important if the ideal English teachers from foreign country or native speaker of English. The local teachers who have good ability and fluent in English can be ideal English teachers. It shows from the graph above, the item number 2b native speaker of Indonesian, fluent in English get higher score than item 2a, 97.5 % or only one student do not choose this item. Item 2b is very important based on the category. The next item number 2c knows about the Indonesian and foreign culture % or 33 students choose the ideal English teachers should know Indonesian

7 and foreign culture as one of personal qualities of ideal English teachers based on students perspective. The item 2d give homework. 70 % or 12 students do not hope the ideal teachers should give homework to them. These two items include in the category important. It is different with the item number 2e take attendance, all students or 100 % they think the ideal English teachers must always take attendance when teaching learning process. It means that takes attendance is a very important professional quality. Participants 33 also tell the similar thing. P#33. If the students are absent, teachers should give warning ( jika ada siswa yang selalu absen atau bolos harus diberi peringatan ) The item 2f give test regularly. 70 % or 12 students choose if the ideal teachers should not always give test/quiz regularly in class. This item include in important category. They like the ideal teachers always give games when teaching learning process. It is showed by the item number 2g in the graph above. 34 students or 85 % choose this item as one of the professional qualities of ideal teachers based on students perspective. Giving games include in very important professional quality based on the category. It is also supported by the data from interview, many participants or students said the importance of giving game and quiz regularly. P#1. Always play games (Selalu memberi game saat mengajar)

8 Give quiz regularly (Selalu memberi kuis) P#2. Always give interesting game (Selalu membuat game yang menarik.) P#7. Create games that can make the teaching interesting (Membuat permainan permainan kecil yang dapat membuat suasana lebih menarik ) Other Participants also commented the similar thing, they said that teacher should always give game in teaching process. P#11. Give some games to make students relaxed (Memberikan beberapa games supaya para siswa tidak tegang ) P#12. In teaching process, teachers give 70% and 30% games (Sebaiknya dalam mengajar, 70% materi dan 30% bermain) P#21. Always give game in class (Selalu memberikan game dalam kelas..) P#22. Always give game in teaching give quiz (Selalu memberi game saat mengajar memberikan kuis) P#24. Give quiz and give games (Dengan cara memberikan kuis atau memberikan games.) P#25. In teaching and learning process, teachers always give games (Setiap masuk kelas selalu memberikan game0 P#26. Teachers must give games (Guru harus selalu memberikan game)

9 The item number 2h get low score, only 17 students or in percentage 42.5 % students agree that ideal teachers has lived in a foreign country. It is related to the items number 1 and 2, the ideal teachers must not a native speaker of English, the local teachers who fluent in English also have good chance being ideal teachers however they never lived in foreign country. Based on the category, this item include in not important category. The next item number 2i teaches formal and informal English, this item get high score 97.5 %, or only one student choose if teaching formal and informal English. This is a very important category based on students perspective. The last item number 2j uses pair and group work activities also get high score 80 %, or 32 students. It means that ideal teachers should use pair and group work activities in teaching English. Participants 20 also said the same thing that teachers should always divide them into groups. P#13. Apply discussion method in English subject (Menerapkan metode pembelajaran diskusi dengan bahasa Inggris) P#20. Always divide students in group in teaching process (Selalu membagi kelompok ketika mengajar). So, it can be conclude about professional qualities of ideal English teachers in this following table: Table 2. Category of professional qualities of ideal teachers Category % Professional Qualities of Ideal Teachers Very 100 Takes attendance

10 Important Important Not Important Native speaker of Indonesian, but fluent in 97.5 English and Teaches formal and Informal English 85 Likes to play games 82.5 Know about Indonesian and foreign culture 80 Uses pair and group work activities 70 Gives homework and Gives test/quiz regularly 42.5 Has lived in foreign country 25 Native speaker of English Based on students perspective that showed in the percentage above, students think that ideal Engliash teachers are they who have the very important professional qualities that get score %. Students think that ideal teachers always take attendance. They are native speaker of Indonesian, but fluent in English. They teach formal and informal English. And the teachers like to play games in teaching process to make the students interest to their course.

11 4.1.3 Pedagogical Skills of Ideal Teachers Based on Students Perspective The third graph above point out about pedagogical skills of ideal English teachers. The graph shows the result of questionnaire that gave to the students to know their perception about ideal English teachers pedagogical skills. There are 10 items that showed in the graph, they are uses technology and visual material, make students correct each others work, talk rather s/he listens, teaches grammar effectively, has correct pronunciation, makes students feel relaxed, manages the classroom effectively, uses real life situations while explaining, makes learners discover language, and the central author in class.

12 Graph 3. Pedagogical skills of ideal teachers based on students perspective The researcher starts to describe the graph from the item that gets highest score. The first item that gets the highest percentage of all is makes students feel relaxed. This item obtain 100 % or all of students choose makes students feel relaxed as one of the pedagogical skill of ideal teachers based on students perspective. It means that makes students feel relaxed is a very important pedagogical skill that the teachers must have. The same thing also expressed by the students in the interview. P#1. English teacher should make the students feel relaxrd Guru bahasa Inggris harus bisa membuat siswa nyaman P#5. The teachers should create a relaxe clasroom athmosphere to make the students interest Yang harus dilakukan seorang guru bahasa Inggris untuk membuat kelasnya menarik yaitu harus membuat para siswa yang di kelas tidak terasa tertekan dengan pelajaran. P#7. Students should feel relaxed when the teacher give material Seharusnya lebih santai dalam mengajar, jangan terlalu tegang agar siswa bisa lebih santai menerima pembelajaran bahasa Inggris. P#8. Teacher should relaxed in giving subject, and also should serious Yang harus dilakukan oleh guru bahasa Inggris yaitu kita harus belajar dengan santai tapi serius. The next item that still gets high score, it is teaches grammar effectively, and has correct pronunciation. Those items are get same score 97.5 % or only one students do not choosse this item. The teachers also must has correct

13 pronunciation and teach grammar effectively, because these items include in very important category. The statement above also gets the same comment from some participants. P#9. English teachers have to teach grammar effectively, so students can understand easily (Guru bahasa Inggris harus bisa mengajar tata bahasa dengan baik agar siswa mudah paham) P#13. An Ideal English teachers should speak in English (Guru bahasa Inggris yang ideal itu harus mengucapkan kata kata harus dengan bahasa Inggris). The item makes learners discover language, the score 95 % or only two students do not choose this item. The same thing also shown by the graph in the item manages the classroom effectively, and uses real life situations while explaining. Both of this items get same score 92.5 % or 37 students choose these two items. It can be interpreted that based on students perspective the three items that explain above is very important for the teachers. P#11. I think ideal English teacher can manage the students (Menurut saya guru bahasa Inggris yang ideal itu yang mampu mengendalikan siswa siswanya.) The next item is makes students correct each other s work. 31 students or 77.5% choose this item. The other item also get a close score with this, it is uses technology and visual material. 72.5% students from 40 choose this item. These items include in important category. The central author in class chosen by 24 students or in percentage is 60%. It means this item is quite important. And the

14 last item which gets lowest score is talk rather than s/he listens. It is about a half of participants or 50% that choose this. This item include in not important category. Some participants give comment that related with the statements above. P#4. Use LCD in teaching process (Menggunakan LCD saat mengajar) P#10. Use poster or something that related to material (Menempelkan poster atau sesuatu yang berhubungan dengan bahasa Inggris) P#15. Give students more chance to active (Memberikan siswa lebih banyak kesempatan untuk aktif) P#34. Should hear the students (Bisa lebih banyak mendengar siswa) So, it can be concluded the explanation about pedagogical skills of ideal English teachers in this following table: Table 3. Category of pedagogical skills of ideal teachers Category % Pedagogical Skills of Ideal Teachers 100 Makes students feel relaxed Teaches grammar effectively and has correct 97.5 Very pronunciation Important 95 Makes learners discover language 92.5 Manages classroom effectively and uses real life situations while explaining Important 77.5 Makes students correct each others work 72.5 Uses technology and visual material Quite Important 60 The central author in class Not Important 50 Talks rather than s/he listens Ideal English teachers are they who have very important pedagogical skills based on students opinion that get score %. Students think that ideal

15 English teachers can make the students feel relaxed. They able to teach grammar effectively and have correct pronunciation. Ideal teachers make the students discover language, and always use real life situations while explaining. They are teachers who can manage the classroom and the students effectively. 4.2 Discussion Personal Qualities of Ideal Teachers based on Students Perspective There are some personal qualities that most important to have by the teachers being ideal English teachers, they are friendly, fair, and caring. Ideal teachers must be friendly to their students, so they can create a good relationship. However, they also must be fair to all students, not just care to one or some students. Teachers should care to all of them. They also should creative, not only in the learning process, but also in everywhere when they are related with the students. Some behavior that also important according to the students are enthusiastic, experienced and has a sense of humor. Teachers experience is also important for the students. They are interested to experienced teacher. They also hope the teachers enthusiastic when teaching the lesson in class, because it will motivate tin teaching learning process. The ideal English teachers should have good sense of humor, such as participant 1 said that an English teacher should friendly, mastering material, simple, has sense of humor and always smiles. Bilim (2008) stated that teachers should develop the ability to play spontaneously with ideas, concepts and relationships. All of these can bring in an atmosphere of humor in the classroom.

16 The teachers do not get angry easily and enjoy each moment of being with students. So it will make the class not too serious. Sometimes they need to laugh or smile; it will make them feel relaxed in class. Age and gender of teachers are quite important being ideal teachers. Some students hope the teachers that teach them are young. Young teachers have a big chance to become favorite or ideal for the students. On the other hand students who do not agree tell that all teachers can be ideal, it is do not depend on their age or their gender. The other personal quality is strict. Sometimes strict is important for the teachers, but most of the students do not like the strict teachers. Teachers should think what they should do to make the students feel comfortable, or feel relaxed with teachers character or rule that made. Based on students perspectives, there are some personal qualities that not include in Bilim s theory. The students hope the teachers are good figure that always they respect. Teachers do not get angry easily when the students make mistakes. They should be patient to face students and try to understand. Teachers can entertain students when they have problem. Teachers are wise people that always lead and give advice to their students to become good people. The teachers should care with their appelarance, always look clean and health. So students will feel comfortable to interact with teachers. Teachers always keep smile in teaching or when meet the students. Teachers must not show their arrogant so students will relax to communicate with teachers Professional Qualities of Ideal Teachers based on Students Perspective

17 Ideal English teachers must not be the native speaker of English. They can be local teachers who have good ability in English and of course they should fluent in English. The teachers should know about culture, not only Indonesian culture but also foreign countries. English Teachers should have a wide knowledge about the world; however they never lived in foreign country. In teaching English, they should care about their students by taking attendance. Teachers will know students will have problem in their attendance list, and will give them advice. They should know how to make their class interesting, such as giving game that related with the material. Play game is the best way to make the students interest with the subject. From the interview, giving game is the most things that students said to make class interesting. The students will feel very comfortable if they think English is fun lesson. Teachers should try to make the lesson fun and interesting, so they will not feel bore. Teachers also have to give test or quiz regularly to know that students understand about the material that taught. This is really important for teachers, so if students cannot understand about the material, teachers will know and will try to fix the problem. Giving homework also important to make the students always remember about the material that given. Both quiz and homework are important. In teaching English, teachers should teach formal and informal English. It will make students get much knowledge about English. Teachers also should use pair and group work activities. Teachers should divide them into group, so they can help each other when some of them need help. In teaching English it is

18 important to use pair and group work to practice the language. It will develop their ability to communicate with other. Ideal English teachers must show professionalism in their job or profession. It is need preparation for the teachers to be professional. Bilim (2008) stated that proper preparation is another crucial requirement of professionalism. When the teachers enter the classroom, the teachers should have all the required materials and the lesson plan ready. Nothing is sloppier than poor preparation. Based on students perspective, discipline or always on time is professional qualities that students hope for their ideal English teachers. Teachers must come to the class if they have teaching time, they should not wait the students to call or invite them to teach. Teachers should show their responsibility in their profession. Teachers can manage their time, so they will not waste time for teaching. In teaching process, mastering the material is really important for the teachers. Teachers should have much knowledge about material that they will teach. Teachers should be able to handle or manage everything in their class. Professionalism of teachers will make them as ideal teachers for their students Pedagogical Skills of Ideal Teachers Based on Students Perspective The most important thing that must the teachers do in class is make the students feel relaxed. It is based on their own opinion. They hope teachers can create a good atmosphere so they can feel relaxed. It is an important thing before teachers start the lesson. If the students feel enjoy, teachers will easy to give the material. So, teacher must find out the way how to make students feel relaxed.

19 Ideal English teachers are teachers who can teach grammar effectively. Grammar is the difficult material for students. If teachers can explain grammar of English very well, the students will understand easily. The teachers also must have correct pronunciation. It is very important for the students, because if teachers correct in pronunciation, the students will also correct. Teachers must try to make the learners or students to discover the language. Teachers also must have an ability to manage the classroom. An effective classroom management will give good outcome; it means if teachers manage the classroom effectively, the students will show good development. In teaching process, teachers should explain the material related with the real life situations. Students will understand easily when students give example in their environment. Teachers have to try explain with the subject that familiar with the students, try do not to describe a difficult thing that they never seen or heard. Teachers should try to give the students to correct their friends work. So the students will know their mistakes in a task. Teachers also should try to use technology and visual material. This is also important thing to make students interest and make them easy to understand the material that teachers explain. Pedagogical skills is important skills to have by the teachers in developing students, such as Bilim (2008) said that pedagogical skill refers to the teaching skills that teacher s use and the activities these skills generate to enable students to learn the knowledge and skills related to different subject areas. Based on students perspective, there are some strategies that should teachers do in teaching English. The first is teachers must use technology in

20 teaching, for example when giving the material teachers should try to display it. Teachers can use LCD or poster, so students will be easy to see and understand the materials. In teaching process, teachers must give students opportunity to more active. Teachers can use the discussion method in teaching process. Teachers should try to make their students feel relax and comfortable during the class Ideal English Teachers in SMK N 1 Limboto There are 7 English teachers in SMK N 1 Limboto. 2 of them included in category of ideal English teachers based on students perpective. Those teachers have very important personal qualities, professional qualities and pedagogical skills of ideal English teachers. Teachers 1 (N.D) is a woman. She is creative in teaching and learning process. Students like her because she can make the students feel relaxed and enjoyed in class. To make the students more interest in English, she always give games. She is friendly, she have a good relationship with students. Every students feel comfortable to communicate with her. She also care with students problem, and always give them a good advice. Teachers 2 (H.G) is a man. He is a dicipline teachers. Students always respect him, however he is quite unfriendly. But in teaching and learning process, he is creative. He can make students not feel bored in class, because he always combine the material with some games. Sometimes, he divides students into group to make the class more active.