The Ada County 4-H Horse Leader s Association supports the goals of the 4-H Horse Project

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2 Cooperative Extension System Introduction The Ada County 4-H Horse Leader s Association supports the goals of the 4-H Horse Project The goals of the 4-H Horse Project are: To develop leadership, initiative, self-reliance, sportsmanship, and other desirable traits of character. To develop an appreciation of horseback riding as a healthy and wholesome form of recreation. To increase knowledge of safety precautions to prevent injury to members, others, and their horses. To learn skills in horsemanship and an understanding of the business of breeding, raising, and training horses. To promote greater love for animals and a humane attitude toward working in groups and supporting community projects and activities. Note: This book primarily addresses rules for 4-H and FFA horse classes at the Western Idaho Fair. 4-H club sponsored horse shows may deviate from these specific class rules. However, safety rules should always be observed at all horse shows and activities. The University of Idaho provides equal opportunity in education and employment on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, gender, age, disability, or status as a Vietnam-era veteran, as required by state and federal laws. In compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, those requiring reasonable accommodations need to contact our office five days before the date you plan to attend at 5880 Glenwood Street, Boise, ID 83714, Ada County Extension Phone: Glenwood St Fax: Boise, ID ada@uidaho.edu 2

3 INDEX Chapter Page # 1. Code of Conduct Membership Project Animals Project Completion Requirements General Rules Fair Entry Requirements Fair Class Age Divisions 8 8. Show Protocol Ada County 4-H Horse Show Judges Approaching the Judge Wash Rack Rules Barn Rules Round Pen Rules Attire and Safety Rules Awards Halter Quality Classes Beginning Horse & Novice Classes Trail a. In-Hand Trail Showmanship Bareback Equitation Western a. Western Reining Class b. Western Riding Class English Equitation Classes a. Hunter Hack b. Hunt Seat Equitation Over Fences c. English Equitation Pattern d. Cavaletti Ground Poles Driving Gymkhana Versatility Ranch Horse Class Rules Versatility Ranch Horse Class Descriptions Other Ada County Horse Events Glossary Danish Awards National 4-H Recognition Model When I Compete

4 4-H Horse Project Evaluation Overview The 4-H horse project evaluation takes many factors into account: 1. Each 4-H member is evaluated individually according to his/her own merits. There is no comparison between individuals. 2. The degree of learning and quality of exhibit or project will be determined in relationship to the age, ability and starting point of the youngster. 3. In the horse project the exhibit includes: Presentation of horse(s) Demonstration of what they have learned and accomplished during the year Record books Two evaluators help the youngster assess their goals and progress through the project year. 4-H members need to be prepared to discuss: Project goals and work toward those goals Demonstrations and educational activities participated in during the year Successes, accomplishments Areas they would like to improve Contest Guidelines Show Classes Any or all of the classes listed in this guide may be offered at a show or fair where 4-H classes are conducted. At prefairs, county fairs, or any state qualifying event, showmanship is required. Class Priorities When management must choose between equitation and pleasure classes, equitation classes must take priority. For example, western equitation and bareback equitation must be offered before western pleasure. If entries warrant, saddle seat or hunter seat equitation must be offered before English pleasure classes. If entries warrant, it is recommended that all shows offer at least two equitation classes and a showmanship class; for example, western equitation, bareback equitation, and showmanship. Ribbons & Awards 4-H uses the Danish system of awards in which every contestant receives an award: a flat blue, red, white, or participation ribbon. Trophies, rosettes, and other special recognition may be awarded in addition. The standard breakdown for ribbons is blue award, ; red award, 70 84; white award, 69 and below. Disqualified riders may receive a white or participation ribbon. The system may also be modified in classes that do not follow the same 100-point system or scoring criteria. These classes may include dressage, trail, and western games. Participation Show management may invite participation from 4-H clubs outside the county or limit participation to 4-H members from its own county. This should be stated on the entry form. 4-H HORSE EXHIBITORS 4

5 -ADA COUNTY- GENERAL RULES AND GUIDELINES 1. CODE OF CONDUCT The Horse Leader s Council promotes 4-H families to encourage the efforts of their 4-H member in the showing and exhibiting of their project animals. All 4-H activities and events will adhere to the 4-H Code of Conduct and the University of Idaho 4-H Program Policies and Procedures (document #91605). As an educational program, the vision of Idaho 4-H is: 4-H...A leader in developing Idaho s youth to become responsible, productive citizens, meeting the changing needs of a diverse society, the mission of 4-H is: 4-H empowers youth to reach their full potential through working and learning in partnership with caring adults. An exhibitor who violates any rules in any department will forfeit all privileges and premiums. In the furtherance of their official duty, all judges, fair and livestock show management, or other officials shall be treated with courtesy, cooperation, and respect and no person shall direct abusive or threatening conduct toward them. 4-H program participants are expected to: Conduct themselves in a courteous, respectful manner Exhibit good sportsmanship Provide positive role models for younger youth Respect, adhere to, and enforce the Idaho 4-H and FFA rules, policies, and guidelines Volunteer and 4-H parents are expected to: Be courteous and respectful Encourage good sportsmanship and participation Be a positive role model Respect, demonstrate, adhere to, and enforce any policies or guidelines of the 4-H or FFA pro- gram Refrain from consuming alcoholic beverages or use controlled substances Not verbally or physically abuse children or others 2. MEMBERSHIP a. Boys and girls who are eight to 18 years old by January 1st of the current 4-H year may enroll in the Horse project. Cloverbuds, that is 4-H members younger than eight years, are not eligible to show and/or handle horses at any 4-H event. Information about Cloverbuds and their activities is available at the Extension Office. b. To become a 4-H member, a child must enroll in a club, pay county fees and participate in at least (50% of all club meetings). c. All Horse project members must own or manage an animal by April 15 unless they are enrolled in a project that does not require use of an animal (Non Horse Project) d. 4-H welcomes members with special needs. Those who require special assistance or services should contact the Ada County Extension Office. 3. PROJECT ANIMALS 5

6 E. Minis, foals, ponies, donkeys, mules, or horses are suitable for this project. A purebred or registered horse is not necessary. F. A stud colt may only be shown as a stallion during the year in which he is foaled. Stallions over one year old are not to be shown by 4-H members. G. Member ownership of an animal is not a requirement. However, all members must manage, care for, and keep records on an animal from April 15 until interview evaluation. H. Horse management consists of feeding, grooming, training, healthcare, exercising and access to use. A project animal must fall into one of the following categories. 1. Member owned: Member must keep records beginning April 15 on their horse. 2. Family owned: One or two family members may manage a horse on at least a 50% basis. Each must keep records on the horse beginning April Non-family owned: One or two members may manage animal on at least a 50% basis beginning April 15. Members managing a horse under these circumstances MUST submit an affidavit from the owner stating that they have managed the horse April 15 for at least 50% of the time and that they have had free access to its use. 4. Members sharing a horse should have the approval of the project leader. 4. PROJECT COMPLETION REQUIREMENTS To complete a horse project, a member must: a. Complete a Project Record Book and do an (Oral Presentation) for each project at club level or higher. b. Participate in interview evaluation. Member will not be allowed to participate in the fair if they have not completed an interview evaluation. The Interview Evaluation Program is explained more fully in the Ada County 4-H Horse Interview Evaluation Program Guides. Copies can be obtained from the Extension Office. c. Each 4-H member is required to participate in at least two group activities of a significant nature. At least one activity must be at county level or higher as listed in Group A below. The second activity may be either from Group A or Group B. Group A: i. County Horse Bowl* ii. County Horse Oral Presentation* iii. County Horse Judging* iv. County Oral Presentation (must be on a horse project) v. District Horse Camp vi. Working Ranch Horse (must complete the project) or WHCS attended 3 clinics vii. County Hippology* *A contestant must remain for the entire contest or until eliminated in order to qualify. It is recommended the contestant remain until the awards are presented, but not required. Exceptions may be considered by the horse rules committee. Group B: Any horse event that involves more than one club. Can include: play days, horse clinics in other counties, events organized by other horse organizations, or any 4-H supervised activity involving more than one club on or off the horse. 5. GENERAL RULES 1. Only 4-H members may ride, groom, school, or handle a horse while on the show grounds. 6

7 Junior members may have assistance with saddling and bridling if needed. Anyone may have assistance for safety reasons. 2. No one is allowed to coach contestants while the contestants are in the show ring. 3. A horse not under control may be dismissed from the ring. 4. A visibly ill or unsound animal may be dismissed from participation by show personnel or at the judge s discretion. 5. The humane treatment of all animals is required. Exhibitors are expected to treat their animals with respect and to provide for their continuous well-being through proper feeding, handling, disease prevention, sanitation, and attention to safety. 6. Horse may not be ridden double at any time. 7. Horses may not be ridden with halters only. 8. Approach the judge for information only, not to dispute their placing, and only after judging is completed. 9. Show management or the judge reserves the right to dismiss any youth or party from any 4-H class or show for any misconduct, lack of sportsmanship, or infractions of the rules. Exhibitors may forfeit all awards received in the class or at the show. 10. County committees may make accommodations for special circumstances at county 4-H events. State committees may decide if county accommodations are eligible for respective state 4-H events. 6. FAIR ENTRY REQUIREMENTS A. The 4-H project leader shall certify completion of the project and the eligibility of a member to compete by signing their record books and entry form. Both member and animal must meet requirements listed in above sections. B. FFA Members: Eligibility is certified by their FFA advisor and show management. C. Member must turn in the completed and signed record book, goal sheet, and any required permission forms and completed and signed fair entry form by the due date specified in the current WIF Fair Book. D. Completed and signed Horse Project Declaration Statement listing each project horse for each exhibitor must be turned into the Extension Office a minimum of 120 days prior to fair or April 15 th of current year. NO LATE OR INCOMPLETE ENTRIES WILL BE ACCEPTED. E. Stall deposits may be required. Stalls are assigned by the fair committee. Any questions regarding stalls should be referred to fair committee. F. Only animals recorded in Member s Project Record Book and Horse Project Declaration Statement may be exhibited, with the exception of hardship cases which must be petitioned before the fair committee G. Hardship case: When a project horse is injured, becomes ill or dies during the declaration period, up to 24 hours before the fair begins, a member may request the use of one substitute horse for interview evaluations and fair classes. A written petition signed by the leader and a vet report certifying death, injury or illness must be submitted to the fair supervisors for approval of the fair committee. The member will be notified of their decision. Hardship cases are meant for members with no other options to participate in the fair. A member with an approved hardship case may exhibit one substitute horse in place of all other declared project horses and receive class placings and premiums. They are NOT eligible for High Point Awards, participation in championship classes, including Round Robin. H. During the fair lame or sick animals must be reported to the fair committee immediately and will be subject to a vet check at owner s expense to determine if fit to continue or participate in other events. Animal may continue competition upon presentation of veterinarian s certificate certifying their ability to do so. I. Exceptions to the above rules may be appealed to the fair committee. J. The rules listed in the Western Idaho Fair Book take precedence over this guide. 7. FAIR CLASS AGE DIVISIONS Ages as of January 1 7

8 Junior: 8-11 year olds Intermediate: year olds Senior: year olds 8. SHOW PROTOCOL a. Members should be courteous and alert and follow instructions given by the judge or ring steward, including entering promptly when a class is called. b. Contestant numbers must be clearly visible either on the rider s back or on both sides of the saddle pad. (The exhibitor is responsible for supplying the second number.) c. If a gate hold (delay of class) is necessary for equipment change, this should be requested before the class is called. Unnecessary delays may be penalized. d. A red ribbon on the tail denotes a horse that may kick if crowded. e. Attitude is scored. Exhibitors should show confidence and pride in themselves and their animals. 6. Any equipment or class rule may be modified or accepted by the WIF Fair Supervisors at their discretion as needed for safety or special needs. 7. In 4-H, equitation classes are judged on the skill of the rider. The horse is not judged on conformation. 8. When a judge requests a movement to the right (off-side) or left (near-side), this is to the horse s right or left. 9. Exhibitors should not pat their horse while being judged in the ring, except during a colt or ground training class. 9. ADA COUNTY 4-H HORSE SHOW JUDGES A. The 4-H Horse Show Supervisors will be responsible for contracting the following judges for the Western Idaho Fair 4-H/FFA Horse show: 1. Main show Judge - all Western classes (except Novice), all English classes (except Novice), Bareback Equitation, Showmanship, Halter Quality, and Beginner Horse. Horse supervisors will make every effort to have a different main show judge each year. 2. Novice Judge - Novice classes 3. Trail Judge(s) -Trail classes (except Ranch Trail) 4. Versatility Ranch Judge - Versatility Ranch classes 5. Round robin Judge - Will judge horse classes at the WIF 4-H and FFA Large Animal Round Robin Contests. 6. Super Round Robin Judges - Will judge horse classes and help procure horses at the WIF 4-H and FFA Super Round Robin Contests. B. Judges can use appropriate patterns for classes and can choose and post them the morning of the classes. 10. APPROACHING THE JUDGE Exhibitor While the judge s decision is final, every exhibitor (parent or leader may be present), for educational purposes, should have an opportunity to approach or ask questions of a judge. The 8

9 exhibitor should not approach the judge until after the final class of the day, or as otherwise specified by the show committee. The contestant should provide their exhibitor number and any score sheets they may have received, but photos or videos are not allowed. The contestant should expect discussion or explanation on how to improve. Show Committee It is the show committee s responsibility to provide an opportunity for exhibitors to approach judges. This information will be relayed to exhibitors during the informational meeting or by other means. Before the beginning of a class or show, questions about specific classes or rules need to be addressed to ALL exhibitors, not one-to-one. Show committees need to remember that judges decisions are final. Judge The judge should confirm with the show committee or superintendent when questions may be asked and answered and when an exhibitor may approach the judge. Since judges decisions are final, they should expect their decisions to be upheld. A judge should be able to provide oral or written comments or clarification to an exhibitor when asked. Judges must address questions about specific classes or rules to ALL exhibitors, not in a one-to-one setting. Recourse Judges decisions are final. A show committee has the recourse to not rehire a judge who has not met their expectations. Concerns regarding judges who do not meet 4-H standards can be addressed to the PNW judges list coordinator and the PNW judges review committee. Evaluation forms are available on the Web or at your county Extension office. The coordinator and committee will investigate any concerns and make an appropriate response to the judge. Drugging The 4-H horse program does not condone the use of drugs, herbal compounds, or surgical procedures which affect an animal s conformation, appearance, natural performance, or in any way alters its natural color. Horses requiring any medication should be identified upon arrival at the 4-H Horse Show Office or registration area. Exhibitors should be prepared to present a valid prescription or a written explanation, either or both to be signed by the animal s licensed veterinarian. If a horse requires medication or treatment after arrival at the show, any medication used to protect the health and welfare of the animal must be prescribed by a licensed veterinarian. Administration of all medication must, at all times, be done in accordance with the specification and/or instructions given in the prescription. Liability for the correct administration of the prescribed drug is the responsibility of the exhibitor s parent or legal guardian. 11. WASH RACK RULES A. No unattended horses. B. Leave wash area clean, pick up after your horse. C. Be courteous no water fights. 12. BARN RULES A. No smoking or alcoholic beverages allowed in barn area. B. No riding inside barn. C. No tying of horses to outside of stalls or in aisles. Horses will not be left unattended while tied. D. No saddles, bridles, or halters on horses loose in stalls. 9

10 E. Only one horse per stall unless a mare with foal. F. Use the closest exit to your stall. Walk your horse while entering/exiting barn. G. No parking in front of barn. H. Keep aisles clear of tack and gear store it in tack room or tack trailer. I. All occupied stalls will have a stall card posted with owner s name and phone number where they can be reached in an emergency. J. Stalls are to be cleaned at least twice a day and must be completely stripped on the last day before noon (refer to current WIF Fair Book for time of morning that first stall cleaning must be done). Stall must be inspected before exhibitor receives a livestock release or premium money. K. Feed and give fresh water at least twice a day. L. Hay nets, if used must be tied in such a manner that a horse cannot get a foot stuck in them when empty. Passing the hanging strap through the ring on bottom of the net before tying it off will accomplish this. Empty hay nets are to be removed from the stalls. M. Failure to comply with barn rules is grounds for dismissal from show barn. N. Please have your horses fed by 8 a.m. 13. ROUND PEN RULES 10 minutes per horse NO unattended horses will be allowed Obey posted rider limits per pen Do NOT enter round pens while mounted 14. ATTIRE AND SAFETY RULES Members and attendants should be neat, clean, and dressed with hard-soled shoes or boots, longsleeved shirts, and long pants. Boots are required for exhibitors in all classes. Boots are defined as high-topped (above the ankle) leather or leather-like riding shoes with heels. The boot must have an adequate heel to prevent it from moving forward through the stirrup. Exhibitors must be able to slide their boots out and move them freely in the stirrup. No aggressive soles or lace-ups are allowed. Crepe and aggressive soles are not recommended for riding activities. Equipment must be safe, clean, properly adjusted, and suitable for the class being shown. An exhibitor's hair must be worn in a net, braid(s), or other means to present a neat appearance and a clear view of the show number. Each member must have proper clothing and equipment for the specific classes entered (refer to the appropriate divisions). Variations in clothing and/or tack (including bandages on the horse) are permitted if there is a valid medical reason. However, a letter explaining the need for the variation, signed by the physician and/or veterinarian, must be presented to the show managers prior to the start of the show. 4-H members participating in any 4-H equestrian activity must wear an approved helmet whenever they are mounted on an equine or are in a vehicle (cart, wagon, buggy, etc.) being pulled by an equine. An approved helmet meets the minimum performance standards imposed by the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) F1163 and includes certification and labeling required by the Safety Equipment Institute (SEI). The helmet must be properly fitted with the harness engaged and properly fastened. 15. AWARDS A. Exhibitors are placed according to the Danish System of Evaluation. This recognition system has 3 levels: Blue, Red, and White. These levels are defined as follows: Blue Award: Red Award: Judge felt that rider/handler exhibited superior growth in the project, superior understanding of the subject, superior workmanship for age and experience, exhibit was attractive and of excellent quality, leadership ability exhibited. Judge felt that rider/handler exhibited good project growth, good 10

11 understanding of the subject, good workmanship for age and experience and a neat exhibit. White Award: Judge felt that rider/handler exhibited minimal or passable project growth and understanding, passable workmanship for age and experience and exhibit was of satisfactory quality (See Guidelines for more Danish system information. B. In addition to Danish System the awards which are available to exhibitors at the Western Idaho Fair are listed in the current year s fair book. Those awards which are donated or sponsored by individuals or breed clubs have criteria listed on their entries. High Point and Reserve High Point awards are based on the points earned by placings in classes. The scoring system for classes that count towards high point will be calculated for the top 6 horses in each class. Points breakdown as follows: 1st Place: 2nd place: 3rd Place: 4th Place: 5th Place: 6th Place: 6 points plus 1 point for each horse in the 2nd through 6th placing (max 11 points) 5 points plus 1 point for each horse in the 3rd through 6th placing. (max 9 points) 4 points plus 1 point for each horse in the 4th through 6th placing. (max 7 points) 3 points plus 1 point for each horse in the 5th through 6th placing (max 5 points) 2 points plus 1 point for each horse in the 6th placing (max 3 points) 1 point (max 1 point) Example: if there is one horse in a class, the first place horse would receive a maximum of 6 points towards high point. If there are 6 horses in the class, the first place horse would receive a maximum of 11 points toward high point. C. Approved hardship cases may compete in classes; however, they are not eligible to earn points towards high point awards. D. When showing 2 horses, all classes except halter Quality and Driving count towards high point. E. Western High point classes include: Trail (if declared Western) Bareback Equitation, Western Equitation, and Western Reining, or Western Riding. Showmanship will be used as a tiebreaker F. Ranch Versatility High Point classes include: Ranch Trail, Ranch Riding, Single Cow Penning, and Ranch Roping. G. English High Point classes include: English Equitation, English Pattern, Hunter Hack, English Trail (if declared English), English Equitation over Fences and Cavaletti (ground poles). In case of a tie, English Equitation Pattern class placing will be used as a tie breaker. H. Novice high point classes include Trail, Showmanship, English Equitation, and Western Equitation. I. Driving high point classes included Reinsmanship, Driving Pattern, and Obstacle. J. Mini high point classes include Reinmanship, Driving Pattern, Obstacle, and In-Hand Mini Jumping. K. Gymkhana high point classes include all classes listed. Gymkhana tie breaker will be the four Leaf Clover Race-Four Barrel. L. In-Hand Trail will only count towards Breed awards. 16. HALTER QUALITY CLASSES A. Halter quality classes are limited to animals 2 years of age and younger. A mare and foal are considered as one. Classes are divided for fillies and colts. All breeds (horse or pony) show together. Classes as follows: 1) Colt/fillies of current year 2) Yearlings 3) 2-Year olds First and second place winners in each class will return to show for the Grand and Reserve Championship. 11

12 B. Tack: Web or leather halter and lead shall be clean, in good repair, and correctly fitted. Lead chain may be used, but must not be placed over animal s nose. The chain may be run through the ring on the side of the haltar and/or through ring on the bottom under the chin to the other side. With a very long chain, you may run the excess up the cheek, with buckle facing out, or doubled back through the bottom ring and snapped back to itself. No bats or quirts allowed. C. Do not crowd the exhibitor next to you either moving or in lineup. Be alert and aware of your horse s position at all times. Keep one horse length between your animal and the next at all times, both in motion and in line-up. 17. BEGINNING HORSE &NOVICE CLASSES 18. TRAIL A. Riders and horse who are in their first or second year of horse showing 4-H or open, regardless of style, may enter Novice Division classes. With parent permission and leader approval, novice showmen may choose to enter the Regular Division classes instead of Novice Division classes. B. Classes offered: Showmanship, Western Equitation (walk/trot), English Equitation (walk/trot). Novice youth may participate in Trail Classes in their appropriate age division. C. Ponies and horses show together. Class size will be at judge s discretion. D. No cross-entering into other divisions is allowed, except for Mini classes, Halter Quality and Gymkhana (Gymkhana requires leader s consent). E. Showmen in Novice classes will participate in Novice Gymkhana classes at a walk/trot only. F. Novice classes will be judged by a local judge rather than the official fair judge. The trail class is an under-saddle mounted test of horse control and the rider s ability to guide the horse through a series of obstacles. The course must be safe for horse and rider. The obstacles may be progressively harder for each age group. The course should not be spread out over a very large area; obstacle spacing must allow the horse to move easily between obstacles with no wasted time. The course should be designed to be completed in less than 5 minutes. Riders may be asked to move on at the judge s discretion or after 3 refusals. The rider may show English or western. See clothing and equipment specifications for proper tack and attire. Riders moving on to championship classes must ride the same seat as in the first class. Courses must be posted showing the order and direction of the obstacles. Measure and reset each disturbed obstacle for the next rider. Courses will contain 6 10 obstacles and be typical of items members might encounter on a regular trail ride. See Table 2 for obstacles and suggested spacing. Obstacles may be used individually or in combination. Unsafe or unnatural items are not permitted, such as stepping into tires, water box with floating or moving objects, fire extinguishers, and cinder blocks. Each obstacle has a value of 10 and is scored according to how the rider maneuvers through the entire obstacle. Judges should give credit for any positive action. The course may be scored by 1 judge or divided between 2 or more judges, with each scoring specific obstacles. Mandatory Dimensions of Trail Obstacles Walk/Trot/Lope Single poles Multiple poles Maximum height 16 Maximum height 10 Set apart for walk over apart for job 6-7 apart for lope/cantor Spoke style should be set 24 apart halfway out from center 12

13 18a. In-Hand Trail This class is an in-hand test of horse control and of the handler s ability to guide the horse safely through a series of obstacles. Attire Exhibitor may show in either western or English attire. Helmets are required. Spurs may not be worn. Chaps are not allowed. Tack & Equipment 13

14 A halter with throatlatch and a lead line, suitable for the horse, are required. Bridles are not allowed. A correctly attached chain may be used but it must be used properly (see showmanship equipment). Whips/crops are not allowed. Boots and/or bandages on the horse are allowed. Course The course will be designed so that exhibitors can move quickly and smoothly between obstacles. The course should contain 6 10 obstacles and should be designed to be completed in less than 5 minutes. Care should be taken so that there is not an advantage to either a large or a small horse. The course should be designed to be suitable for all breeds and sizes. Obstacles Obstacles can be generally the same as for a standard trail class, except lope/canter obstacles are not allowed. When deciding if the handler should go over obstacles with the horse or work inside poles/ boxes, etc., safety should be the primary consideration. This could depend on the size of the horse and the size of the obstacle. The handler must stay out of the danger zone. If there is a definite preference for how an obstacle should be completed, this should be clearly stated in the pattern. Basis of Judging The judge will consider the difficulty of the obstacle as part of the score. Emphasis is placed on safety, the horse s manners and response to the handler, and the quality of the movement. The exhibitor should be poised, confident, and courteous and should display safe and quiet techniques in handling the horse. Handlers may be asked to move on at the judge s discretion or after three refusals. Disqualifications Horse gets loose Extreme disobedience (behavior that threatens the safety of the horse and rider) Table 1. Mandatory Dimensions of Trail Obstacles Mounted Walk/Trot/Lope-Overs Maximum height 10" 20-24" apart for walkover 3-3.5' apart for the jog 6-7' apart for the lope/canter In Hand 20-24" apart for walkover 36" apart for trot overs 10" maximum height Spoke style should be set 24' apart halfway Back-throughs Sidepass No freely rolling poles allowed Minimum of 28" wide on ground Minimum of 30" wide elevated Minimum of 32" wide for barrels or cones Minimum of 24" between poles Maximum height of 24" Mounted On ground only 36" minimum width if handler is inside poles Minimum of 30" between poles On ground only In Hand 14

15 Serpentines Gate Cones minimum 6' apart Guardrails 3' to either side Cones minimum 3' apart Guardrails 6-8' to either side If tall standards are used, dimensions can be looser Latch 54-60" high Minimum of 48" wide Cones minimum 4' apart for walk Cones minimum 7' apart for trot Guardrails minimum of 4' from cones Minimum 4' wide Rope gate optional Rope gate optional Jump Maximum height 16" Maximum height 16" Bridge or Plank Must lie flat on ground Minimum of 12" wide of plank Minimum width 12' Must lie flat on ground Not to exceed 12" high Minimum of 36" wide for a bridge Minimum 48" wide if handler to be on bridge Ground Tie or Hobble Inside a minimum of a 6' circle Inside a minimum of a 6' circle Mailbox Must be a minimum of 48" from the ground to the bottom of the mailbox Must be a minimum of 48" from the ground to the bottom of the mailbox Turn in Box Minimum 6' sides Minimum 8' sides Other obstacles you may want to consider Obstacles not allowed 19. Showmanship (required) Scoring 100 points total Tie horse properly, pick up horse's feet, carry item, dismount and mount (juniors will not be asked to mount), walk through brush or by a hide, or noisy object Tires, walking on plastic, cinder blocks, fire extinguishers, water boxes with floating or moving objects, pvc pipe, live animals, wire gates, unsafe or unnatural obstacles Tie horse properly, pick up feet, walk by hide or noisy object Tires, walking on plastic, cinder blocks, fire extinguishers, water boxes with floating or moving objects, pvc pipe, live animals, wire gates, unsafe or unnatural obstacles Member Neat and clean, properly dressed, prompt and alert, confident (poised), courteous... 25% Animal & equipment Animal clean and brushed, in good condition, feet cared for. Halter and lead fitted, equipment clean and safe... 25% 15

16 Showing the animal Following directions, leading, turning, standing, backing, stopping, showing to advantage, controlling on lead and in line, attention in line... 50% The purpose of showmanship is to teach courtesy, good grooming, poise, confidence, and how to fit, train, and handle your horse. Showmanship is a demonstration of the member s ability to show the animal, in hand, to its best advantage. Conformation of the animal is not considered. Attire may be western or English. Driving attire is also allowed except for skirts or dresses. The type of headgear for the exhibitor in showmanship is optional. ASTM/SEI helmets, although not required for showmanship, are encouraged. Either an appropriate hat or helmet must be worn. Hunt seat or saddle seat tack. Horses may be shown in a halter or show bridle when appropriate to breed and/or attire. Showmanship Equipment The horse may be shown with a safe, properly fitted halter or show bridle, each complete with a throatlatch. Bridles may be used when appropriate to breed and/or attire. If you show with a double bridle, you may use either the snaffle or curb reins for leading. The other set of reins is put over the neck near the withers. The halter and lead should be leather, rope, or webbing. The lead should be 6 10' (about 2 3 m) long. Be sure the lead is long enough to allow picking up a hind foot. If used properly, lead shanks with chains attached are permissible for safety or control. A chain approximately is long enough. The chain may be run through the ring on the side of the halter or through the ring on the bottom, then over the nose or under the chin to the other side. With a very long chain, you may run the excess up the off cheek. If your chain is too long, it may be doubled back through the bottom ring and snapped back to itself. In all cases, the snap should face out. When leading your horse, do not put your hand on the chain. Whips and/or bats are not allowed. Western tack/attire. Horses must be shown in a halter and member dressed in western attire. Hunt seat or saddle seat/ English tack: Horses may be shown in a halter or show bridle when appropriate to breed and/or attire and member dressed in English attire. Class Procedure Enter the arena as directed by the judge, ring steward, or announcer. Keep at least 1 horse length behind the horse in front of you. If necessary, pass on the inside and return to the rail. The exhibitor should be aware of the judge s position at all times. The member should walk ear-to-ear with the horse, about an arm s length from the near side. Hold the lead 8 18 from the halter in the right hand with the end folded in a figure-8 in the left hand. Do not coil the lead or fasten it with a rubber band in a figure-8. If instructed to line up, do so side-by-side leaving 6 8' between horses if possible. This allows the judge to pass safely between horses and to have a good view of your horse. Quickly stand the horse square, balanced or stretched, consistent with the breed and your attire. While in line, do not let your horse circle you. Always turn the horse away from you for turns 90 degrees or more (quarter turn). 16

17 If asked to move to another position in line, back out quietly and promptly lead to the new place. Speak to the animal to prevent it from becoming startled when another horse is moved nearby. Pose (set up) your horse with all 4 feet square or according to breed type. The horse s head should be up and its weight should be on all 4 feet. Do not let the horse go to sleep, but do not do anything that will attract attention. A gelding may let down when standing relaxed; correct by moving him forward or back. You should not use your feet to touch the horse s hooves to get it to set up, nor should you change hands on the lead to set up. If the horse moves out of position, quickly reset it. Quiet voice commands may be used. When the horse is set up, the exhibitor should face the horse diagonally at a 45 degree angle off the horse s shoulder in front and to the side of the head, moving from side to side as necessary. Be in a position to see your horse and keep eye contact with the judge without blocking the judge s view or standing directly in front of your horse. When the judge inspects your horse, respond to his or her movements with the quartering system by mentally dividing the horse into 4 quarters. When the judge is in the right front quarter, you are on the left front quarter of the horse, keeping an eye on the judge. When the judge is in the back right quarter, you are in the front right quarter watching the horse. The objective is for you to be in the quarter next to the judge s position. Change sides when the judge is at the heartgirth and when the judge crosses the tail and the nose. You should step around the horse s head quickly and quietly, using 3 or 4 steps and keeping eye contact with the judge. Do not change hands on the lead when you change sides, and never stand in front of your horse in the danger zone. Listen carefully to instructions. When asked for your individual performance, follow the judge's instructions. Be ready to move promptly when signaled. Lines should be straight, and you should remain 5 7' away from the judge. Haunch turns and forehand turns should have forward motion. Turn the horse away from you if the turn required is 90 degrees or more. For turns less than 90 degrees, you may turn the horse toward you. To back, face to the rear of the horse. In Washington and Idaho, do not change hands on the lead to back. In Oregon, changing hands on the lead is optional. Back the horse the requested distance in a straight line. Four steps are considered 1 length, counting the movement of the front feet. If the pattern includes closing the back, return to your position at the start of the back and balance your horse. Exhibitors may touch their horses only when requested to perform sidepass or forehand turn maneuvers (or to smooth the mane or forelock). This means you must not touch your horse when asking for a haunch turn or back, nor pet your horse until the class is dismissed. Judging Requirements Horses should be well-groomed, clean, and clipped according to breed. The horse should also be welltrained to the required routine and well-mannered so that it stands quietly, but alertly, while in the class. Exhibitors will be asked to demonstrate their ability to lead, turn, set up, and move their animals as the judge requests. Additional tests, as listed, may be asked. The following principles always apply: Individual tests must be performed with official(s) involved in the same relative position to each exhibitor. The exhibitor shall not stand directly in front of the horse. The quartering system is required. Horses may be shown, trimmed, and groomed according to breed type. 17

18 The exhibitor shall not touch their horse except when executing a requested test that allows such touch (for example, sidepass and turn on the forehand), and to smooth the mane or forelock if the judge s inspection has disturbed the grooming. Tests Back horse. Sidepass. The exhibitor may touch the horse. Turn on haunches (forward motion preferred). Turn on the forehand (forward motion preferred). The exhibitor may touch the horse. Lead at the walk or trot from either side. Pick up the feet. Stop and set up, square and balanced, or according to breed standard. Do not change hands to set up. Answer questions from project materials. Perform a circle at a walk or trot. 20. BAREBACK EQUITATION Exhibitors may be asked to perform any test listed in equitation. Western riders must sit the jog or intermediate gait. English riders must post the trot on the correct diagonal. No mount or dismount is allowed. Appropriate horse tack/member clothing must be worn for type of discipline (western or English) member will be riding. No Bareback pads will be allowed 21. WESTERN Western clothing and equipment is appropriate in western classes including, but not limited to, trail, western equitation, showmanship, ground training, driving, and bareback. Required: Long-sleeved western shirt with collar, tucked in and sleeves rolled down Jeans, trousers, or western pants Belt, unless loops are not present or are covered with another garment (optional in western games) Western boots ASTM/SEI equestrian-approved helmet (optional in showmanship) Optional: Vest, jacket, coat, sweater, and/or jacket with collar Gloves 18

19 Ties, pins Chaps in pleasure and trail only Not allowed: Chaps in showmanship Whips or crops, except in western games Spurs in showmanship or driving Saddle & Pad Any standard western saddle with a horn may be used, but it must fit the rider and the horse. If a back cinch is used, it should be adjusted close to the horse with in 2 or less of the belly and attached to the front cinch with a connecting strap. If the cinch pin is not being used, it should be removed. Any clean saddle pad, blanket, or combination is allowed if it provides sufficient padding for horse and rider. Silver is not to be given preference by the judge. Tapaderos (stirrup covers) are not allowed. Bridle Any western bridle (including snaffles and bosals) that includes a curb strap, curb chain or bit guards may be used. This includes bridles with throat latches and split-ear bridles. Sidepulls and other bitless bridles are not allowed in performance classes. Throat latches on all bridles are strongly recommended for safety purposes. Cavessons or nosebands are not allowed in performance classes. Refer to the Western Games section for gaming bridle criteria. Only split or romal reins are allowed in western equitation, trail, and bareback. Single piece closed reins or roping reins are required in western gaming. Only one hand may be used for reining when using a western bit with shanks for western equitation, trail, and bareback. The rein hand cannot be changed. When romal reins are used, no finger between the reins is allowed. In these cases, the romal goes on the opposite side from the rein hand. The rider s hand shall be closed around the reins with the wrist kept straight and relaxed, the thumb on top. When split reins are used with a curb, the rider may use a finger between the reins, but the free end of the rein (bight) must remain on the same side as the rein hand, and the ends are not held. Palm should be down. The position of the hand not used for reining is optional, but it should be kept free from the horse and saddle and held in a relaxed manner. When the ends are held with split reins and a curb, there are no fingers allowed between the reins. The ends of the reins are usually held on the rider s thigh with about 16" of rein between the 2 hands as if holding a romal. When a bosal or snaffle bit is used, 2 hands must be used. Split reins should be held by crossing the reins between hands so that both hands are holding both reins. Closed reins are allowed with a bosal. To mount with romal reins, double the end in the left hand. After mounting, slide the free end of rein ( bight) under the rein hand to the opposite side. For a brief dismount, romal reins need not be taken down; the romal part may be looped behind the horn. Both split reins, or the near rein only, may be taken down. Never let go of the reins. Bit Most types of western bits are acceptable. Mechanical hackamores, double wire snaffles, slip, or gag bits are NOT allowed, except in western games. Overall bit length, as measured in the picture below, can be no longer than 8½." Curb straps must be plain leather or chains at least ½" wide, and must lie flat against the jaw. Rolled leather straps 19

20 8½ maximum are unacceptable. Refer to the Western Games section for gaming bit criteria. Horses 5 years of age or younger may be ridden in a snaffle or bosal. For horses 6 years old or more, a curb bit is highly preferred. Members showing horses 6 or older in a snaffle or bosal must have a performance significantly better than a member showing a 6-year-old or older horse in a curb bit to be placed above them. The correct measure of overall bit length is a vertical line from the upper-most part of headstall slot to the center of the rein ring. Horses 6 and older shown in a snaffle or bosal may be ineligible for top county awards (at local discretion). In Washington, such horses shall be ineligible to advance to state 4-H competitions. In Idaho, such horses shall be ineligible to advance to district, regional, or state 4-H competitions. In Oregon, these horses are eligible for the state fair. Misrepresentation/falsification of a horse s age is grounds for immediate disqualification of that exhibitor from the 4-H event and subsequent disciplinary action by local Extension personnel up to or including dismissal from the 4- H program. Optional Tack and Equipment Hobbles, a lariat or riata, and breast collars are optional. Spurs, if worn, must be used properly and western type. Tiedowns, martingales, draw-reins, nosebands, splint boots, bell boots, bandages, etc., are NOT allowed, except in western games. Splint boots, bell boots, and other protective gear may be allowed in medal, green horse, or other county classes. 21a. WESTERN REINING CLASS 20

21 A. Participants in this class may not enter Western Riding. B. Tack and attire: Appropriate Western tack and attire. C. Class Procedure: 1) Reining patterns are included and also available from the Extension Office. Patterns by age: 11 and under: pattern 1 12 and over: pattern 2 2) Entrants to gather at arena at specified time. Each entry to individually perform required pattern 3) Horse to be judged on neatness, dispatch, ease, calmness and speed with which pattern is performed. Horse shall rein easily, fluidly, and with reasonable speed throughout pattern. A. Faults against horse: 1. Excessive jawing, opening mouth, or head rising on stop. 2. Fighting the bit. 3. Opening mouth excessively. 4. Nervous throwing of head. 5. Refusing to change leads or incorrect leads or failure to change both front and hind leads 6. Lack of smooth, straight stop on haunches (bouncing or sideways stop) 7. Backing sideways 8. Wringing tail. 9. Anticipating signals 10. Breaking gaits 11. Stumbling and/or falling 12. Knocking over markers B. Faults against rider: 1) Changing rein hand 2) Losing stirrup or holding on to saddle 3) Any unnecessary aid given by rider to horse (such as spurring, quirting, jerking of reins, is) considered a fault and scored accordingly D. Reining pattern markers: 1) Reining markers will be placed on the wall or fence of arena as follows: a) At center of arena b) At least 50 from each end wall E. Reining Pattern #1 (see figure 1) 11 and under: Ride as follows: 1) Start in the center of the arena facing the judge, complete one spin to the right. 2) Complete one spin to the left. Hesitate. 3) Begin on the right lead complete two circles to the right, the first large and fast, the second small and slow. Complete a simple or flying lead change, in the center of the area. 4) Begin two circles to the left, the first large and fast, the second small and slow. Complete a simple or flying lead change, in the center of the area. 5) Continue around previous circles to the right, but do not close this circle. Run up the right side of the arena (at least 20 from the wall or fence) past the center marker and do a sliding stop. 6) Back up to the center of the arena. Hesitate to demonstrate completion of the pattern. 21

22 7) Walk to the judge and stop for inspection until dismissed. 8) The bridle may be dropped at the judge s discretion Reining markers will be placed on the wall or fence of the arena as follows: A) at center of the arena B) at least 50 from each end wall Reining Pattern #2 (see figure #2) 12 and over: Ride as follows: 1) Start in the center of the arena facing the judge, complete two spins to the right. 2) Complete two spins to the left. Hesitate. 3) Begin on the right lead complete two circles to the right, the first large and fast, the second small and slow. Complete a simple or flying lead change, in the center of the area. 4) Begin two circles to the left, the first large and fast, the second small and slow. Complete a simple or flying lead change, in the center of the area. 5) Continue around previous circles to the right, but do not close this circle. Run up the right side of the arena (at least 20 from the wall or fence) past the center marker and do a roll back. 6) Run back up the right side of the arena (at least 20 from the wall or fence) past the center marker and do a roll back. 7) Run down the right side of the arena, past the center marker and do a sliding stop (at least 20 from the wall or fence). Back up at least 10. Hesitate. 8) Walk to judge and stop for inspection until dismissed. 9) Bridle may be dropped at the judge s discretion. 22

23 Reining Pattern #2 (figure 2) 23

24 21b. WESTERN RIDING CLASS A. Participants in this class may not enter Western Reining. B. Tack/Attire: Appropriate Western Tack and attire. C. Class requirements: 1) Riding patterns are included and are also available at the Extension Office. Patterns by age: 11 and under: pattern 1 12 and over: pattern 2 2) Entrants to gather at arena at specified time. Each entry to individually perform the required pattern. 3) Horse judged on neatness, dispatch, ease, calmness, and speed with which it performs pattern. Horse shall rein and handle easily, fluidly, effortlessly, and with reasonable speed throughout the pattern. 4) Leg protection for horses is permitted. 5) Faults against horse: A) Opening mouth excessively B) Breaking gaits C) Refusing to change leads or anticipating leads D) Stumbling and falling E) Wringing tail F) Bouncing or sideways stop G) Backing sideways H) Nervous throwing of head I) Fighting the bit 6) Faults against riders: A) Changing rein hand B) Losing stirrup or holding on to saddle C) Any unnecessary aid given by rider to horse (such as spurring, quirting, jerking of reins, is considered a fault and scored accordingly) D. Western Riding Pattern Markers: Markers to be a uniform distance of feet apart. E. Western Riding Pattern #1: 11 and under: Ride as follows: 24

25 1) Enter the arena at a walk and proceed to marker #1. 2) At marker #1, pick up the jog. Jog over log. After log, pick up lope on left lead. 3) Lope the horse around marker #4 on the right side, down to marker #2 pass on the left side, lope over log, continue to marker #6 lope around on the right side. Continue around marker #1 on the right side, to marker #2, pass on the left side, and around marker #3 on the right side. Between marker #3 and #4 make a left turn and proceed 20 past markers #2 and #5, come to a sliding stop. Flying or simple lead changes on each change of direction changes. 4) Settle horse about 10 seconds, then back horse about 20, until even with markers #2 and #5. 5) Walk to the judge to be excused. Riding Pattern #1: 20 25

26 F. Western Riding Pattern #2: 12 and over: Ride as follows: 1) Enter the arena at a walk and proceed to marker #1. 2) At marker #1, pick up the jog. Jog over log. After log, pick up the lope on the left lead. 3) Lope horse around marker #4 on the right side, taking marker #5 on the left side, #6 on the right side, #7 on the left side, #8 on the right side, continue around the right side of marker #1, around #7 on the left side, back to #2 on the right side, loping over log, to #5 on the left, to #3 on the right doing FLYING OR SIMPLE LEAD CHANGES on each of the direction changes. Flying lead changes are preferred. 4) Proceed to a point 20 past #2 and #6, come to a sliding stop. 5) Settle the horse about 10 seconds and then back the horse about 20, until even with #2 and #6. 6) Walk to the judge to be excused Riding Pattern #2 Western Riding: Markers must be a uniform distance of 30 to 50 feet apart. 22. English Equitation Classes (Hunt seat and Dressage) 26

27 Scoring 100 Points total Member and appointments Clothing, equipment, courtesy, poise % Seat and hands Seat, posture, head, legs, hands, balance, distribution of weight, aids.35% Performance Standing, starting, walking, jogging or posting trot, figure-8 or equivalent at lope or canter from walk, stopping, turning, backing, general control....50% The horse should do what the rider asks with the least possible effort on the part of the rider and least amount of resistance from the horse. Gaited horses that pace, slow gait, fox trot, single-foot, rack, or perform a running walk may be worked with the class adjusting their speed to conform to the other horses. When riders are asked to post the trot on the rail or in a pattern, the intermediate gait is accept- able if that is the breed standard. However, if all other aspects of the performance are equal, a rider posting correctly will be given preference. The member will be judged on correct posture, smooth gait transitions, and effective use of aids, with special emphasis on light hands. The performance of the horse is not to be considered more important than the methods used by the rider in obtaining the performance. The member, horse, and equipment may be inspected at any time during the contest. Members using unsafe equipment may be asked to leave the ring. Class Procedure Enter the arena to the right in a counter-clockwise direction. Exhibitors will be asked to walk, jog, trot, intermediate gait, or canter/lope both ways of the ring as instructed. Stay on the rail unless it is necessary to pass a slower horse; pass on the inside, toward the center of the arena, and return to the rail. All gaits are required in both directions UNLESS a pattern follows. Saddle seat riders may reverse to the outside. The show committee or judge may ask for all or part of the tests listed. The patterns may be posted. In addition, the judge may ask for advanced movements and/or questions from 4-H horse project materials Tests Regular or extended walk. Regular or extended jog, trot, or intermediate gait. (In western riding, the rider may sit the trot or lean slightly forward, keeping contact with the thighs, with more weight in the stirrups and the seat coming slightly out of the saddle. In either case, the rider must demonstrate an extended gait.) Lope or canter (on the correct lead or a counter canter). Hand gallop for english hunt seat, extended canter for saddle seat, or extended lope for western. Perform figure-8s, serpentines, circles, straight lines, or other specific pattern at any of the above gaits. 27

28 Simple, interrupted, or flying lead changes. Ride without irons or stirrups and drop and pick up irons/stirrups. Haunch or forehand turn (need forward motion). Sidepass or two-track. Transition from any gait to halt followed by on the buckle or loose rein. Change of diagonals. Pick up the reins (saddle seat only and only in line). Back up. Stand for inspection. Rollbacks (western only). Mount and dismount (juniors may NOT be asked to mount). Balanced stops. Answer questions from project materials. English, Hunt seat or dressage equipment and clothing may be used appropriately in showmanship, driving, hunt seat, English equitation, equitation over fences, hunter hack, trail, ground training, haltar quality, beginning horse, ground poles (cavaletti), dressage, and bareback. Required attire: Ratcatcher (English style collared shirt), long-sleeved tailored shirt, or a turtleneck (shirts tucked in and closed at the neck) Hunt (English) coat if short-sleeved ratcatcher is worn Pants, breeches, or jodhpurs Tall hunt boots or jodhpur boots ASTM/SEI equestrian-approved helmet Optional: Hunt coat (conservative colors) Spurs, if used, must be English type and used appropriately. In dressage, rowels must be free to rotate Half-chaps Gloves (any traditional color allowed) Not allowed: Spurs in showmanship or driving Saddle The type of English saddle used is optional; however, a saddle seat-type English saddle or a western saddle is prohibited. Stirrup safety bars must be in the open position for all riding classes. Bridle & Bit An English bridle with cavesson is required. Sidepulls and bit converters are not allowed. A snaffle, pelham, kimberwick, full double bridle, or any other English-type bit appropriate for the seat may be used. Double twisted wire and gag bits are not allowed. Optional Breastplates or breast collars and saddle pads are optional. Martingales and any type of boots are not permitted in flat classes. Whips or crops may be no longer than 36 for English. 22a. HUNTER HACK CLASS 28

29 A horse should be at least 5 years old before going over jumps. To be judged on the flat in both directions of the ring and over the two fences. Light contact is required. Fences to be post and rail type no solid jumps. Fence heights as follows: Mini In-Hand Jumping Hunter Hack Jr s Hunter Hack Intermediates Hunter Hack Seniors Height 15 Height 12 Height 18 Height 24 Distance between fences 55 Distance between fences 55 Distance between fences 55 Distance between fences 55 For fence descriptions, see Equitation Over Fences Class. Judge shall instruct the riders prior to jumping and must post the pattern 1 hr prior to the class. Note: Junior competitors may take the fences from a trot or canter. All others will canter fences. 22b. HUNT SEAT EQUITATION OVER FENCES A horse should be at least 5 years old before going over jumps. Performance Any test listed under equitation may be asked. Performance will be judged on effective use of aids on the entire course. Emphasis will be on light hands, balance, correct posture, and seat on the flat and over fences. Excessive speed will be penalized. Before taking any jumps, including the warm-up jump, a safety inspection should be done. The inspection will include, but is not limited to, making sure the stirrup bars are open, the stitching on saddle stress points is in good repair, the girth is snug, and the bridle is properly fitted and in good repair. Recommended jump heights: 12 for Juniors 18 for Intermediates 24 for Seniors Jump height is not to exceed 3', and the spread is not to exceed the height. A supervised warm-up jump must be available prior to the class. This warm-up should be limited to 1 jump, preferably not on the course or inside the arena or pattern area. The number of times a competitor can practice the warm-up jump is to be specified by the local. The course will consist of 6 12 jumps, performed at a canter, with at least 1 change of direction. The judge may ask the class to do rail work at a walk, trot, and canter both ways of the ring. The rider will be allowed to circle 1 time before starting the course. A refusal will be called when a horse avoids a jump or stops forward motion. If the refusal is at a combination jump, the rider must retake all elements of the combination. Faults such as knock-downs and touches will not be considered unless they are the fault of the rider. Types of Fences Basic types of fences are allowed; for example, post and rail, wall, gate, brush, coop, planks, and picket fences. Spreads should not exceed the height of the fence. Wings at least 12" 29

30 higher than the jumps and 30" wide are compulsory when jumps are less than 12' wide. The distance between standards should be a minimum of 9'. Ground pole or lines are required. Courses should have at least 4 different types of jumps and 1 combination jump (24 or 36' apart); in and outs are not to be used at the start of the course. Use of striped rails is discouraged. Triple bars, hogs backs, targets, square oxers, hinged chicken coops, and any bizarre or dangerous jumps are prohibited. Major Faults and Disqualifications in Hunt Seat Equitation Over Fences Major Faults Disqualifications Refusal(s) Loss of stirrup Trotting while on course Loss of reins Excessive speed Lack of control Fall of horse or rider 3 cumulative refusals Off course 22c. ENGLISH EQUITATION PATTERN CLASS The English Equitation Patterns will be provided by the Fair Committee or by the Judge and posted within 1 hr of class. Class to be judged on equitation while performing the designated pattern. The patterns are to be performed within the designated area in the arena. 22d. Cavaletti Ground Poles Ground poles are designed to prepare the horse and rider for future over fences work and are set up like an Equitation over Fences class. Horses may NOT have any leg wraps, splint boots or bell boots. Proper and approved English tack and attire are required. Riders may choose Ground poles or Hunter Hack class but not both. There will be four (4) patterns: will be posted 1 hour before class 1. Novice walk/trot 2. Junior 3. Intermediate 4. Senior 5. Horsemaster (champion round) 1 st and 2 nd place winners The pattern will be judged on how well the horse and rider execute the pattern. Suggested Faults: Horse refusing Tripping over ground poles Incorrect leads Incorrect diagonals Rider not maintaining proper equitation position 23. DRIVING Animal A single horse, pony, miniature, mule, or donkey may be driven. Classes may be divided 30

31 into 4-H member age groups and/or by the size of the animal. Care should be taken that the animal is not asked to pull too much weight (see 4-H Driving Manual, PNW 229, for specifics). When determining animal height, allow an additional ½" if shod. Natural gaits are desirable. Chains are prohibited. It is permissible to stretch or park your horse if breed and turnout are appropriate. Attire Attire should be neat, clean, and well fitted. Approved headgear, riding boots or sturdy leather shoes, gloves (may be black or brown, but brown is traditional), and a driving whip are required. English or western riding attire is acceptable. Additional options and restrictions for attire are noted below. GENTLEMAN Sport coat and slacks or suit (western cut acceptable). A driving apron is optional. LADY A long-sleeved shirt/blouse with jeans, slacks, or an ankle-length skirt. A vest or jacket may also be worn. Dresses and eveningwear are not acceptable. A driving apron is optional. HEADER Hard-soled shoes or boots, a long-sleeved shirt, and jeans or slacks. If the header is a 4-H member, approved headgear is required. Vehicle An appropriate 2- or 4-wheeled vehicle is allowed. The vehicle must have a footrest or basket (a minimum of 10" front to back) securely fastened to the vehicle. The basket must be constructed so the driver s feet cannot get stuck. Racing sulkies or roadster bikes are prohibited. Shafts should be equipped with a single tree or trace hooks. The vehicle should be in safe, useable condition and should fit the animal to which it is attached. Harness A leather or synthetic pleasure-type harness is acceptable. For safety reasons, a nylon harness is not recommended. The harness must be in safe, useable condition and must fit the animal wearing it. The reins must be either buckled or stitched together. Required pieces of harness are: Crupper Either thimbles or breeching Either wrap straps or overgirth Blinders Cavesson/Noseband Snaffle or driving curb bit Twisted wire and gag bits are NOT permitted. Optional pieces of equipment are: Overcheck or sidecheck Running martingale Kicking strap Support boots, quarter boots, splint/brushing boots Whip A driving or buggy whip is required and should be carried in the right hand. A longeing type whip is not permitted. Safety 31

32 Never remove the bridle from a driving horse while it is hitched to the cart. Never leave a hitched horse unattended Any entry the judge feels is unsafe may be dismissed whether due to turnout or behavior of the animal. Management should permit only the number of entries that can be shown safely at one time for the size of the ring. Age divisions may be combined if classes are small. Extreme speed will be penalized. Pass other vehicles on the inside, watching the traffic. Avoid cutting back to the rail immediately in front of another driver. One properly dressed intermediate, senior, or adult header is required for each driver in the lineup. The header should enter the arena once all the entries have lined up and permission to enter has been granted. The header should not touch the animal except in case of a potential emergency. The header normally is a passenger in the cart who exits the cart when the horse/pony has been brought into the lineup for inspection. With minis there is no passenger, so they have to enter from outside arena -- larger ponies/horses usually have room for header as a passenger who acts as header. In case of a runaway, all other drivers are to move off the rail to the center of the arena and stay in their vehicles. Most frightened horses have a tendency to run the rail looking for a way out. Classes Reinsmanship Scoring 100 points total Driver Handling of reins and whip, control, posture, and overall appearance of the driver... 35% Appointments Proper harnessing and hitching; condition of horse or pony, harness, and vehicle... 25% Performance On rail and in pattern... 40% Basis of Judging Judged as an equitation class on hands, proper harnessing and hitching, and correct driving techniques. The driver should be able to change gaits quickly, smoothly, and unobtrusively while always maintaining contact and using correct driving techniques. This class is designed to test the driver s knowledge and ability. A pattern is required. Extreme speed and/or extreme high action due to a horse's length of foot, pads, and/or weighted shoes will be penalized. Class Procedure Drivers enter and line up a safe distance apart, with headers, for inspection by the judge. Drivers proceed at the direction of the judge on the rail and work both directions of the ring at a flat-footed walk, slow trot/jog, working trot/jog, and strong trot. The reverse will be executed on a diagonal at a walk or working trot from a designated corner at the direction of the judge or ring steward. Drivers line up according to instructions by the judge or 32

33 ring steward. Horses must stand quietly in line. Suggested Reinsmanship Pattern Elements Back 4 steps and close the back. Drive a circle of specified size. Drive a figure-8. Drive at a strong trot. Negotiate a simple obstacle (i.e., drive between 2 obstacles at a working trot or halt between 2 given markers). Pivot (turn) with 1 wheel in place, left or right, at 90, 180, or 360 degrees, at the judge s direction. Back between 2 markers. Drive at the lengthened flat-footed walk. Answer a 4-H driving question posed by the judge Patterns may include other elements. Precision Driving Scoring 100 points total A perfect score of 100 points is based on a maximum of 80 points for a fault-free* performance and 20 points for reinsmanship and overall smoothness of the performance. Faults are deducted in 5 point increments from the possible 80, while single-point deductions are made from the 20 points. Example: A driver incurs 3 faults and receives a score of 13 for reinsmanship/performance. The 3 faults (at 5 points each) total 15 points; which are deducted from 80, resulting in 65 points. Those 65 points along with the 13 reinsmanship/performance points yield a final score of 78. *Faults: First and second refusal; displacing any marker, hoof, or wheel outside marker; and breaking gait will each incur a 5 point deduction. Elimination: 3 cumulative refusals; receiving outside assistance of any sort; showing an obstacle to the horse; or taking an obstacle out of order (off course) Basis of Judging This competition tests the skill of the driver, the obedience and handiness of the animal, and the accuracy with which the course is driven. Class Procedure All drivers must submit to an inspection by the judge before starting the course. Competitors will be required to drive over a course consisting of 6 8 obstacles. The course will be irregular, necessitating changes of direction. Markers indicating obstacles will be at least 12" wider than the track width of each vehicle (measured from the outside edge of one wheel to the outside edge of the other wheel) and 12" high. (Traffic cones with tennis balls on top work well.) Lanes may be defined by rails at least 3" in diameter. A course may be set up using only cones and tennis balls if other obstacles are not available. For examples of courses, see Sample Precision Driving Courses #1 and #2. Drivers are required to drive at a trot except where obstacles require halting, backing, pivoting, or very tight turns. 33

34 Measurements Markers indicating obstacles will be at least 12 inches wider than the track width of each vehicle (measured from the outside edge of one wheel to the outside edge of the other wheel). Markers must be at least 12 inches high. Lanes may be defined by rails at least 3 inches in diameter. If the course calls for a walk between poles (wheel of vehicle goes between the poles), the poles must be 6 8 inches apart. If the course calls for a trot between poles (wheel of vehicle goes between the poles), the poles must be inches apart. Serpentine cones should be at least 27 feet apart with cones set on a straight line. Figure-8s should have a minimum of 30 feet between two marker cones. Squares should have at least 10-foot sides. L-shaped obstacles should be at least 10 feet wide. U-shaped obstacles should be at least 10 feet wide. Bridges should be a minimum of 8 feet wide and 12 feet long with cones at all four corners (minimum 4 foot ramp up, 4 foot flat surface, and 4 foot ramp down). PRESICION DRIVING COURSES (SUGGESTIONS ONLY) Sample Course #1: 1) Enter at a trot 2) Trot through a 10 square (4 cones) 3) Trot a serpentine of 5 cones (25 apart) 4) Walk with right wheel(s) between poles (6-8 apart) 5) Trot a figure 8 (at least 30 around A and B) 6) Walk with left wheel(s) between poles 7) Walk a serpentine 8) Walk into square, stop with front wheels between front cones, back up 4 steps, and return to forward position. 9) Stand quietly until dismissed by the judge or ringmaster. Sample Course #2: 1) Enter at a trot 34

35 2) Trot through 2 pairs of cones (CDEF, 10 square) 3) Trot a figure 8 (B, then A) 4) Trot a serpentine of 5 cones (25 apart) 5) Walk with right wheel(s) between poles (6-8 apart) 6) Walk to the top of the cone square. Halt with cone C on your left, facing the serpentine. Pivot 90 degrees to the right. Back into the square, between cones C and D, until the cart is between E and F. Halt and stand 10 seconds. Trot back forward through the box. 7) Trot with left wheel(s) between poles and exit Pleasure Driving Scoring 100 points total Appointments Fit, condition, and appropriateness of harness and vehicle... 10% Driver Handling of reins and whip, control, posture, and neatness of driver attire... 30% Performance Manners, performance, condition, style, and way of going... 60% Basis of Judging The pleasure-driving horse should have the same general qualities as the pleasure saddle horse. Special emphasis is placed on the flat-footed walk and the pleasurability of the ride for the driver. The horse should be in balance with a head and carriage typical of its breed or type, should be light-mouthed, and have a free way of moving. At all gaits, it must work in form (i.e., head held quietly, mouth closed, and legs working beneath itself). The traces should be steady at all times, demonstrating consistency of forward motion and that the horse is pulling from the traces, not from the mouth or saddle. Erratic movements are highly undesirable. Hesitation or breaking stride will be penalized. Extreme speed and/or extreme high action due to the horse's length of foot, pads, and/or weighted shoes will be penalized. Class Procedure Drivers enter and line up a safe distance apart, with headers, for inspection by the judge. Drivers proceed at the direction of the judge on the rail and work both directions of the ring at a flat-footed walk, slow trot/jog, working trot/jog, and strong trot. The reverse will be executed on the diagonal at a walk or working trot from a designated corner at the direction of the judge or ring steward. Drivers line up according to instructions by the judge or ring steward. Horses must stand quietly in line. 35

36 24. GYMKHANA General Information The primary purpose of western games is to provide an educational forum in which youth enrolled in the 4-H horse program demonstrate their ability to navigate a prescribed course in the fastest, safest time possible. Gaming events are timed games on horseback and are individual in nature. Approved events include the Figure-8 Stake Race, Pole Bending, Keyhole Race, Texas (3) Barrels, 4 leaf clover and 10 barrell. Counties may run other individual events as long as they are as safe or safer, if they have rules from a recognized gaming organization, and if the county agent and state staff person agree in advance. Usually, team events are not appropriate. Rodeo, racing, and bareback gaming events are prohibited. 4-H western games require the humane treatment of all animals entered in state and county competitions. 4-H exhibitors are expected to treat their animals with respect and provide for the animal's continuous well-being through proper feeding, handling, disease prevention, sanitation, and attention to the animals safety. 4-H officials should be prepared to dismiss 4-H exhibitors who abuse or mistreat their animals. 4-H members must wear their exhibitor number on their back or both sides of their horse at all times while mounted. Horsemanship, sportsmanship, and safety will be stressed in all western gaming classes. Exhibitors may be asked to submit to a close inspection before any event. The purpose of the close inspection is to demonstrate an exhibitor s ability to handle and control their horse in a safe manner. The close inspection also provides the show management an opportunity to examine the tack and equipment being used by the 4-H member. Exhibitors failing the close inspection will not be allowed to make their scheduled run in that event. The safety of the exhibitors, horses, and volunteers is the most important aspect of the program. Scoring 4-H members must compete within their appropriate junior, intermediate, or senior age group. The state competition allows only intermediate and senior-aged youth to enter. Participants are timed and arranged in numerical rank order, then divided into predetermined blue, red, and white ribbon groups. This system is referred to as the modified merit system of judging. Individuals will receive a basic score equivalent to the number of seconds (to the nearest hundredth) that it takes to complete the event. Penalty points are added to this score. Recommended Awards The Danish system of awarding ribbons is recommended for western games but does not have to be used. Counties may also use the American placing of ribbons (1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.) in addition to the Danish awards. The awarding of ribbons is based on the rider s time in each event. General Rules In Oregon and Idaho, contestants may not enter the same gaming event more than once, 36

37 whether on the same horse or another horse. In Washington, entries are at county discretion. Riders may hold onto the saddle horn. Two hands may be used on the reins, and hands may be changed. Clothing & Tack Standard 4-H western clothing is required. Belts are optional. A western saddle with a saddle horn is required. Western-type equipment is to be used with the following exceptions: bridles must have a throat latch. Running martingales with rein stops, martingales, tie-downs used with breast collar, nosebands, draw reins, splint boots, bell boots, bandages, mechanical hackamores, and gagbits are permitted; whips under 36, bats, quirts, crops, and over-and-unders are allowed. Roping reins or single piece closed reins must be used. Tying split reins is not allowed. Mecate reins are not allowed. Riders will be disqualified if the judge considers equipment inhumane or dangerous, or if equipment breaks and the rider is unable to safely continue without repairs. Bats, spurs, and over-and-unders will be open to inspection by the judges. Spurs, if worn, must be Western spurs and used properly. Should these properties be found to be abusive by nature (such as pronged, weighted, or cutting), they shall be banned from use. No warning will be required. Gaming Equipment Plastic 55-gallon barrels are recommended. Eight to twelve pounds of water or clean dry sand is recommended as an appropriate filler material. Metal barrels are strongly discouraged. If no other alternative exists, metal barrels must have a protective material (a rubber bicycle tire) placed around the upper, outermost portion of the rim where the barrel could come into contact with the rider s lower leg. Poles must be 1 1½ in diameter and tall. Poles may be white or striped, depending on the event and/or situation. If striped poles are used, they must have 2 stripes, each 3" wide. The first stripe is 1' foot from the top, and the second stripe is 1' from the bottom of the first stripe. All poles must be made of material that will not splinter, such as schedule plastic pipe (schedule 80 pipe is the most durable). Pole bases, weighing approximately 14 pounds, should be 6 tall and 14 across and made of black rubber. The total weight of the pole and base should be approximately 16 pounds. An electronic timer and reader board are recommended. At county qualifying gaming competitions, if an electronic timer is not available, a hand-held stopwatch that measures times to the nearest 100th of a second should be stationed at the start and finish lines of each game. Ties The recommended procedure for breaking ties is a runoff or toss of a coin. In breaking a tie with a runoff, the rider with the slower time takes the next lower position. If there is still a disagreement, the judge s decision is final. Mounted Riders A rider is considered mounted when their knee is over the center line of the horse s back. Riders must remain mounted until the judge s final acknowledgment. Re-rides Re-rides are run after the last rider in that event. Penalties do not carry over from the original ride. Acceptable reasons for re-rides include: Unacceptable reasons for re-rides include: 37

38 Timing device failure Course obstruction as determined equipment by the judge Course measured incorrectly Horse or rider damage to arena Failure of tack or participant s equipment Horse or rider accident or injury Lane Lines Lane lines are strongly recommended, but not required. When more than 1 course is in use, lane lines are required for safety. Courses are to be centered within each lane. At times they may not be used because of time constraints; however, the right to re-implement the lane lines requirement is reserved. Run-out Box A run-out box may be used. The size of the box is generally 60 to 80 in length, but it may be modified safety or arena configuration. If a run-out box is used, all 4 of the horse s feet must remain inside the box until the judge s final acknowledgement. Moving a Course If a course is moved for safety reasons, riders may choose to re-ride or keep their first time. If the course is moved because of initial wrong measurement, all riders must re-ride. Acknowledging the Judge Riders MUST acknowledge the judge before starting and after completing the course. Acknowledging the judge is defined as: At the start, the rider must control the horse and wait for the judge s signal to begin. Before the exit, the rider must have the horse under control, be mounted, face the judge, and wait for the judge s signal to exit. Arena Safety During the running of any event, all arena gates must be closed. Contestants must enter the arena mounted in a controlled manner, and may leave the arena only after the judge s final acknowledgment. After the judge s acknowledgment, the exhibitor may dismount, take the reins off the neck for safety, and exit. It is recommended that only 1 horse be in the arena at a time. Only contestants, ring crew, and officials are allowed in the arena. Horses may not be tied to arena fences, rails, or any other hazardous place. Horses that constitute a safety hazard may be disqualified. In all events the ring crew resets downed equipment or repairs lines after a rider has completed the course. Enter the arena without assistance from anyone other than a 4-H member who is also mounted. Raking will be done as needed, but must be consistent within each age division. Coaching Coaching as defined by show management and at the judge s discretion is not allowed. It is inappropriate for ring help, announcer, timers, etc., to coach, encourage, or comment to or about exhibitors on the course. Course When a line is used, it means a white line. Two poles or cones, 30 apart (60 apart in the case of barrels) designate the start finish line. A horse must pass between these poles or cones at the start and finish of each event. Course measurement is made from the center of the poles, barrels, containers, or other arena equipment. 38

39 Timers are placed on the start finish line. Penalties & General Disqualifications There will be a 5-second penalty for each stake, pole, barrel, or small container knocked down. Intentionally righting a pole is allowed with no penalty. Disqualifications include the following: Failure to enter the arena mounted Failure to enter the arena without assistance from anyone other than a 4-H member who is also mounted Failure to cross the start line within 60 seconds from the time the gate opens Upsetting the start finish markers Crossing the start finish line outside of the start finish line markers Run outs Refusals (a balk is not considered a refusal if the horse finally finishes the course correctly) Leaving the course Failure to follow the pattern for the event Passing any obstacle completely on the wrong side Circling any obstacle while on course, except flag races and other container events Failure to keep all 4 feet of the horse from crossing a lane line at the same time Failure to keep all 4 feet of the horse inside the run-out box A horse being unruly or out of control Spurring or striking the horse in front of the cinch Striking the horse with arena equipment Using rubber bands or anything else to anchor the rider to the horse or saddle Failure to acknowledge the judge before and/or after the run 39

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45 25. Ada County Versatility Ranch Horse Class Rules 45

46 It is the intent of this class to provide a positive and fun experience for all youth. It will also broaden the spectrum of opportunity for youth that may not have an interest in traditional Western or English showing to participate in a class at fair and enhance their 4-H experience. We feel that by including this class more children (especially boys) will be excited to join the 4-H horse program, and all youth could take this type of horsemanship experience to a level beyond 4-H as well as advancing their overall horsemanship skills. This class is designed to allow the youth to demonstrate the horsemanship skills of the rider and skill level of the horse, in a versatility ranch horse setting. Events may consist of, but are not limited to: 1) Ranch Riding 2) Ranch Trail 3) Ranch Showmanship 4) Cattle Work (single cow penning, sorting and cutting, roping) 5) Ranch Riding Rules and guidelines of the Versatility Ranch Horse Project will be followed for these events. All participants in these events must be enrolled Ada County 4-H horse members eligible to show at the Western Idaho Fair (see page 6 of the Ada County Horse Rule Book for complete list of requirements). This class is open to all breeds. The class will be broken down into 3 skill levels as follows: 1. Beginning: Green rider/horse around cattle (Most everyone will be in this class for the inaugural class) 2. Intermediate: Rider and horse must have some cattle working experience and the rider can control their horse in a safe and controlled manner. 3. Advanced: Rider and horse have shown in a working cow horse club and other skills have been assessed by fair supervisors and are competent to compete in this class. Horse and rider placement in the specified group will be determined by the fair supervisor prior to fair at working ranch horse program or the clinics that will be offered as a qualifier to participate in these classes at WIF. The class judge will be in the arena on horseback with the participants at all times when there are cattle present in the event. Western Idaho Fair Versatility Working Ranch Horse Class Guidelines The events for the Western Idaho Fair are: *WRH1 Ranch Riding - Beginning WRH2 Ranch Riding -Intermediat WRH3 Ranch Riding - Advanced WRH4 Single Cow Penning Beginning WRH5 Single Cow Penning -Intermediat WRH6 Single Cow Penning - Advanced WRH7 Ranch Trail - Beginning WRH8 Ranch Trail Intermediate WRH9 Ranch Trail - Advanced WRH10 Ranch Roping - Intermediate WRH11 Ranch Roping Advanced * Numbers may be changed at the discretion of fair management 46

47 Participants in all events will be awarded Danish Ribbons. Judges for the WIF will be paid at the fair and common rate of pay for the area. A judge s meeting will be held prior to classes beginning. Each contestant will use their WIF number as assigned by the system already in place. Eligibility for this class can be attained three ways: 1. Horse and rider are currently enrolled in the District II Working Ranch Horse program and/or the Ada County Western Heritage Clinic series. 2. Horse and rider have been evaluated by attending a versatility ranch horse clinic. 3. A fair supervisor has approved the participant and horse for the necessary skills required to participate in the class in a safe manner. The fair supervisor or the class judge reserves the right to dismiss any participant in any event for safety reasons. Dress Code and Equipment Rules: 1. All riders will wear western long sleeve shirts, long pants, boots (no Fat Baby boots) and helmets. Chaps and chinks are optional. 2. Spurs may be worn as long as they follow the guidelines in the current Ada County 4-H Horse Rule Book 3. The use of non-silver adorned saddles will not be judged down: this is a working class. 4. The use of a fair supervisor approved roping saddle must be used for all roping classes. 5. All tack must be approved before use in any class by judge or fair supervisor. All tack must comply with the Ada County 4-H Horse Rule Book to be used in any class. 6. Skid and split boots as well as bell boots are allowed and encouraged for these classes. 7. All ropes for roping classes must have breakaway Hondo s and the end of rope tied off with a string to be used in roping classes. No hard tying or dallying allowed. 26. Versatility Ranch Horse Class Descriptions RANCH RIDING A. This class shows the horse s ability to move at working speed with a rider. B. Horses will be shown at three gaits - walk, trot, and lope - in each direction of the arena. Horses also will be asked to change directions while on the rail as a roll back, stop and backup. The judge will also ask for an extended trot in either direction. C. Judging: 1. A horse will be given credit for traveling with his head held in a normal position, ears alert and moving at a natural speed for the gait requested. 2. Credit also will be given for making a smooth transition between gaits, for keeping the correct lead, and for maintaining the gait until the judge asks for a change. 3. A rider must show his horse with only one hand on the reins, unless it is being shown in a snaffle bit or bosal. D. Patterns will be posted day of event. 47

48 RANCH TRAIL A. This class contains a course with a minimum of six obstacles up to a maximum of 10 to be completed in less than five (5) minutes and is designed to show a horse s ability and willingness to perform several tasks that might be asked of him during the course of a normal day s ranch work. Whenever possible, realistic or natural obstacles are encouraged. B. The horse will be judged on three gaits - walk, trot, and lope - performed between the six obstacles to be determined when the judge chooses the pattern. C. A horse will be rewarded with higher credit for performing these gaits on correct lead and with an alert attitude. D. Mandatory obstacles include: 1. Opening, passing through, and closing a gate 2. Dragging a log either in a straight line or around a set pattern. 3. The third mandatory obstacle requires the horse to remain quiet while the rider dismounts, removes the bit completely from the horse s mouth and re-bridles, and then picks up all four of the horse s feet. E. Some optional obstacles include crossing a water hazard, being hobbled or ground tied and crossing a bridge. F. Pattern will be posted day of event. RANCH ROPING (Cattle Work) EACH MEMBER MAY ONLY PARTICIPATE IN ONE CATTLE WORK CLASS (depending on participation enrollment and the discretion of the fair supervisors) A. The event will demonstrate the ability of horse and rider to trail, erate, and rope a cow. B. The horse will be judged in this event for its ability to trail and rate a cow. C. The rider is allowed only two throws. D. A breakaway Hondo is required. E. The rider will not dally their rope. F. It is not necessary to catch in this event, however, if the rider does not catch, a 5 point reduction in score will be assessed. SINGLE COW PENNING (Cattle Work) EACH MEMBER MAY ONLY PARTICIPATE IN ONE CATTLE WORK CLASS A. A rider will receive a cow and settle it in the sorting pen area, settling the cow long enough to indicate the ability of the horse and rider to control the cow. B. The rider will proceed to control through the pattern, alley, and into the catch pen. C. Time starts when the cow enters the outer pen outside the sorting pen. D. Total time limit for this pattern will be 5 minutes. E. Time ends when the exhibitor follows the cow into the catch pen, or when the head of the horse enters the catch pen. F. Cattle must move through the pattern as indicated on the pattern sheet. G. The gate to the sorting pen will be blocked by an official rider as soon as the animal has come out of the sorting pen. H. The horse is not to follow the animal through the end of the alley in their corner of the arena, but is allowed to follow the cow up until the last panel of the alley. I. The rider will pick up the cow after coming out of the alley and direct the cow into the catch pen. J. The catch pen will be closed to the cow until the cow breaks the plane of the alley. At that time an official will open the gate to the catch pen. K. If the cow escapes the alley without going through the rider will receive no time. 48

49 L. The judge may disqualify a rider for roughing cattle or horse, breaking pattern, or any reason the judge deems necessary. The judge will make decision on any unusual circumstances and that decision will be final. M. Contact with cattle by hands, hats, ropes, bats, romals, or any other equipment is a disqualification. N. Hazing with whips, ropes, romals, or hats is not allowed. O. Romals or reins may only be swung or popped on chaps or the rider s legs. P. This is a contest for working horses and riders, thus the horse must work the cow, and no other contact is permitted. Q. The rider will be judged on position of the horse in the class. R. Rider will match the speed of the cow (walk, trot, lope when necessary to control the cow). S. This class will be judged on time. T. This class is open only to riders who have shown they can handle cattle on horseback. U. Patterns will be posted day of event. 27. OTHER ADA COUNTY HORSE EVENTS A. If Horse Judging, Horse Bowl, or Hippology team that has earned advancement to the district level loses a team member, another Ada County 4-H member may be chosen to take their place. This new member must have participated in the county event, but does not necessarily need to be from the same club. B. At all competitive contests, the rules must be placed in a conspicuous location so that all contestants have an opportunity to read them. C. The Junior Horse Bowl will no longer be conducted as an individual event. The team horse bowl will be divided into a Junior division (13 and under) and a Senior division (14 and over). 49

50 GLOSSARY Following is a glossary of words/terms that may be helpful to a new 4-H member and his/her family. The first section consists of general 4-H terms as they relate to the Horse Project. The second section consists of words/terms relating specifically to horses and the 4-H Horse Project. Section 1 General 4-H terms as they relate to horse project. 4-H Year: The 4-H year runs from Oct. 1st through Sept. 30th. 4-H Age: The age that a member is on January 1st of the current 4-H year. Cloverbud: A child who is at least 5 years old by January 1st of the 4-H year and in the first grade may enroll in 4-H as a Cloverbud. Cloverbuds may not participate in competitive activities or show large livestock, but instead have special activities geared for their age. Danish System: A method of recognizing and assessing achievement in a project Extension Agent: An employee of the University of Idaho, who coordinates, oversees and manages the county 4-H program. Extension Office: located at 5880 Glenwood, Boise, Idaho Phone: Fair Committee: A group of designated volunteer horse leaders who coordinate the 4-H/FFA portion of the fair. Fair Superintendent: The chairperson of the Fair Committee who coordinates the 4-H/FFA portion of the fair in conjunction with the Western Idaho Fair officials, Extension Agent & Office, Fair Committee, and the Ada County Horse Leaders Council. Interview Evaluation: An evaluation system utilized to evaluate finished 4-H projects. The Horse Interview Evaluation consists evaluating both the member s record book and their horsemanship skills and knowledge. Organizational Leader: The volunteer leader of a 4-H club who takes responsibility for membership and paperwork and who meets stated requirements of the 4-H program. Project Leader: A volunteer leader of a 4-H club who organizes and conducts the project activities of the club. They also must meet stated requirements of the 4-H program. Project Horse(s): An equine designated by the member as the horse managed for their 4-H project. This horse must be owned or managed by the member for the required amount of time and records must be kept on the animal in the 4-H Horse Project book. Regular 4-H Member: A child who is at least 8 to 18 years old by Jan. 1st of the 4-H year is considered a regular 4-H member. Resource Leader: Adult volunteer leaders who do not work on a regular basis with a 4-H club. They must meet stated requirements of the 4-H program and must have either an organizational or project leader in attendance when they work with the youth. Rules Committee: A group of volunteer horse leaders who review and interpret the current 4-H Rule Book. Teen Leader: A teen member who works with younger club members to achieve their project goals. Supervised by Project and/or Organizational Leader. Show Committee: Designated volunteers who coordinate a horse show or event. 50

51 Section 2 Words and terms which relate to horses and the 4-H project. AHSA: American Horse Show Association ASTM/SEI: The certification association which has safety tested such equipment as helmets. Helmets not bearing this seal are not certified to meet standards and should not be used. Attire: The clothing worn by an exhibitor. Back: Moving a horse backwards. Backing should be collected, uniform and straight and the horse should carry his head with his chin tucked. Beginning Horse: Any age or breed of horse/pony/mule in its first or second year of showing anywhere, regardless of style. Beginning horses have not previously been shown in a shank bit. Blinkers: Piece of equipment on a driving bridle which keeps the horse from seeing activity to the side or behind. The theory is that a horse might be frightened if he sees the cart chasing him. Bosal: A bitless bridle used in training and breaking young horses. Bosal refers to the nosepiece of such a bridle. Breeching: Piece of equipment on a driving harness which helps the horse to stop the cart, especial- ly on hills. It consists of a strap going around the rear quarters, held up by loin straps and connected to the cart shafts by holdback straps. Cavesson: The term used for the most common noseband on an English bridle. Check rein: A piece of driving equipment which keeps the horse s head in a perpendicular plane. The check rein keeps the horse from lowering its head in order to kick. Curb: A curb bit is a bit with leverage- meaning that it has shanks to which the reins attach. The shanks may swivel ( loose jaw ) or be solid and the mouthpiece may have either a solid or broken mouthpiece and may also have a roller or a port. Curb Chain: A flat chain on both the pelham and the kimberwick bits. The chain must lie flat and should not be tight. Dropped Noseband: An English noseband which fits around the horse s muzzle below the bit. It helps to keep the horse s mouth closed. Equine: Of or pertaining to the horse. Equitation class: Classes in which the rider is judged on his/her ability to ride and control a horse properly. Position in the saddle, hand position, leg position, seat position, back position, balance and cueing are judged according to the class style entered. Examples are Bareback Equitation, Western (or Stock Seat) Equitation, English (Hunt Seat or Saddle Seat) Equitation, Equitation Over Fences. Figure 8 (pattern): Horse is ridden in a figure 8 pattern. It should be smooth, straight, controlled - with simple or flying lead changes made at the center of eights and with proper leads at all times. Figure 8 Noseband: An English noseband which crosses over the nose in a Figure 8 pattern - similar to a dropped noseband in that it helps keep the horse s mouth closed and prevents the horse from evading the bit. Fitting & Showing: Term used for a showmanship class - in which the member is judged on his/her ability to groom ( fit ) and show an animal to its best advantage. Flying Lead Change: Leads at a canter/lope are changed without dropping back to the walk or trot - basically the horse switches leads while all 4 feet are off the ground during the stride. Gag Bit: A bit which acts on both the poll and mouth. Gag bits have sliding mouthpieces which can apply additional pressure to horse s poll. Green Horse: A horse with little training. Gymkhana: A program of games on horseback. Also known as a play day. Halter Quality: A class in which fillies and colts up to the age of 2 years are judged according to conformation and breed type. Hand: A system of measurement of horses. One hand equals 4 inches. Hardship Request: A written request made to the Fair Committee by a 4-Her to exhibit a horse 51

52 other than the project horse due to illness, injury or death. Header: A person who stands at the head of a horse in a driving class during line up. The header normally is a passenger in the cart who exits the cart when the horse/pony has been brought into the lineup for inspection. Horse: General term for an animal of the horse kind. Horse Length: Distance of approximately 8 feet used to refer to the distance between horses. Hunt Seat: English style riding used for equitation and jumping over fences. Kimberwicke: A variation of the pelham bit - it has slotted rings to which the reins attach, allowing use as a very mild curb or direct action. Lap Robe: A small blanket/quilt placed over the driver s lap when driving a horse in a cart. Lead (web or leather): The first stride in the canter or lope. While loping in a circle, the inside front and rear legs of the horse should move farther ahead than the outside ones - this is referred to as being on the correct lead. Longe Line: A 30 foot line (rope or web) used for training/exercising a horse. The horse circles around the handler. Martingale: A strap running from the girth between the horse s front legs to the bridle. The standing martingale is attached to the bit. The running martingale has rings through which the reins pass. Martingales help train the horse to hold its head in a correct position. Mechanical Hackamore: A hackamore which has a noseband with side shanks, instead of a bosal noseband. Mount/Dismount: Getting on/off a horse. Horse should stand still and quiet for mounting and dismounting from either side. Neck/Jump Strap: A leather or web strap, which is placed around the horse s neck and held by a buckle. A neck/jump strap enables the rider to hold themselves in a proper position. Use of a neck strap may affect placing of a class (a rider able to maintain proper position without use of a neck strap will be placed higher). Novice Rider: A rider who is in the first or second year of showing anywhere, regardless of style. Pelham bit: A bit which can be described as a combined snaffle and curb with a single mouthpiece. It has two rein rings and can either be ridden with double reins or with a single rein by using a converter strap between the rein rings. Playday: A show consisting of various games played on horseback. Pony: A horse under 14.2 hands tall (less than 58 ). Quarter Turn: A 90 degree turn executed in a smooth, controlled fashion. Registered: Term referring to a horse that has been recorded in a breed registry. Reverse: Command given when riders are to reverse direction by turning towards the center of an arena and then continue on in the same gait unless otherwise specified. In driving, reverse by crossing the arena on the lengthwise diagonal. Rollback: A turn used in reining patterns. The horse stops and turns in one smooth movement over the hocks. Could be described as turning on a dime or switching ends. Romal Reins: Romal reins refer to a single rein with an attached quirt or popper. Roping Reins: Term referring to a single closed rein - both ends attach to the bit. Showmanship: A class in which the member is judged on his/her ability to present the horse at halter. (Also referred to as Fitting & Showing) Sidepass: Lateral movement of the horse while being ridden. Often used to open gates, move to a mailbox, etc. In a class, it should be exhibited both directions, slowly with collection and control. Simple Lead Change: Change of leads at lope or canter in which the horse is brought back to a walk or trot, then restarted in the lope/canter on the opposite lead

53 Snaffle: A direct action bit. Snaffles never have shanks - they have rings to which the reins attach. Mouthpiece of the bit may be solid or broken. Types of snaffles are D-ring, O-ring, Eggbut, Full Cheek, and Mullen Mouth. Sound (Soundness): Free from any abnormal deviation in structure or function which interferes with the usefulness of the horse. Split Reins: Western reins which are not connected - two separate reins. Stop: Stopping in a riding class should be done from a controlled gait and accomplished in one smooth move. The head should be set properly, chin tucked, hind feet up under the body. Faults are bounding, head tossing, stiff legged, rooting into the bit, etc. Tack: Term used to refer to the saddle, bridle, etc. worn by the horse. Tie Down: The Western term for a standing martingale. Trail Class: A class in which the exhibitor is judged on their ability to put the horse through obstacles while applying safety rules, horsemanship and showmanship skills. Turn on Forehand: Rotate either direction with the inside foreleg as a pivot - controlled and collected. Turn on Haunches/Hindquarters: Rotate either direction with the inside rear leg as a pivot - controlled and collected. Walk-Trot Class: A class in which riders are only required to exhibit two gaits - walk & trot. Generally a Novice class for beginning riders who have not yet learned to canter/lope. 53

54 BLUE Superior growth in project Super understanding of subject Superior workmanship for age and experience Attractive exhibit of excellent quality Shows Leadership Ability RED Good project growth Good understanding of subject Good workmanship for age and experience Neat exhibit WHITE Minimal or Passable (breaking of pattern): Project growth Understanding of subject Workmanship for age and experience Exhibit of Satisfactory Quality 54