Grey Solutions for Urban Water Management : JAKARTA Case

Transcription

1 JAKARTA CAPITAL CITY ADMINISTRATION Grey Solutions for Urban Water Management : JAKARTA Case Feirully Irzal, MBA Senior Planner Infrastructure Division Regional Development Planning Board Jakarta Capital City Administration INDONESIA Presented on C40 Workshop on Climate Adaptation and Risk Assessment Rotterdam, The Netherlands June 3 6, 2013

2 OUTLINE FACTS AND PROFILE MAJOR ISSUES WATER RESOURCE ISSUES JAKARTA FLOOD MITIGATION CONCEPT CURRENT AND FUTURE INITIATIVES OF WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT CONCLUDING REMARKS

3 FACTS AND PROFILE OF JAKARTA Basic Social Economic Role DKI Jakarta administration area: 5 Municipalities and 1 regency 44 districts 267 sub district/village Area : approx 650 KM2 Population: Approx. 9.5 million (night time) Approx. 13 million (day time) Density approx /km2 Jakarta and its surrounding cities form Metropolitan area Jabodetabek, population : approx. 25 million miniature of Indonesia Very contrast social status of its citizen: Wealthiest vs poorest Most educated vs most uneducated Multi ethnic and very heterogenic Economic growth % Forecasted to be competing with Singapore, Kuala Lumpur Bangkok, and Ho Chi Min City as centre for business and trading. Capital city National Activity Centre for Economic, Business and Service Communication hub for Indonesia Tourism City Cultural City Centre for Higher Education Greater Jakarta (Jabodetabek)

4 MAJOR ISSUES OF JAKARTA Environment Volume of solid waste in 2008: m3 / day Air pollution Water pollution: concentration of DO, Ni, Cu, Zn, Hg above standard Rise of sea level Land Subsidence Destruction of Conservation Area on the ground, coastal side, sea and islands Lack of Green Open Space Water Resource Flood caused by backwater, river flooding, clogged drainage system Low quality and quantity of clean and raw water especially in north Jakarta Limited coverage of piped wastewater network Excessive extraction of groundwater that causes land subsidence Intrusion of sea water

5 WATER RESOURCE ISSUES Jakarta s geographical and topographical setting as a Delta City makes it vulnerable to flood KEPULAUAN SERIBU problems, this is due to: KEPULAUAN SERIBU Traversed by 13 rivers to Jakarta Bay Part of Northern Jakarta lies in lowlands and frequently influenced by tidal condition causing backwater. LOW LANDS 13 RIVERS Land subsidence Rainfall Pattern in Jakarta, 2010 Source: Susandi, 2010 This condition is exacerbated by external factors: 1.Climate change: sea level increase and changes in rainfall intensity and pattern 2.Continuous land subsidence at a rate of as much as 10cm/year in certain part of north Jakarta

6 PHOTOS OF URBAN WATER ISSUES

7 Tanggu l 3 JAKARTA FLOOD MITIGATION CONCEPT PREVIOUS CONCEPT CURRENT AND FUTURE

8 CURRENT & FUTURE INITIATIVES FOR FLOOD MITIGATION CURRENT INITIATIVES 1. Completion of East Flood Canal construction 2. Construction of interconnection between West Flood Canal and East Flood Canal 3. Dredging and normalisation of vital flood canals/rivers/lakes/polders under the Jakarta Emergency Dredging Initiative Project 4. Reconstruction and capacity improvement of pumps 5. Construction and heightened of sea embankments to anticipate the increase in sea level rise and land subsidence in North Jakarta. 6. Resettlement of illegal housing along rivers/lakes and river widening FUTURE INITIATIVE Preparation of Sea Defense Wall Master Plan to protect the Northern Jakarta from inundation caused by increase in sea level and continuous land subsidence. The development will also create momentum for urban redevelopment of Northern Jakarta.

9 CURRENT INITIATIVES JEDI (JAKARTA EMERGENCY DREDGING INITIATIVE) The project is a cooperative effort between Central and Jakarta Government to dredge and rehabilitate 13 rivers and 5 reservoirs in Jakarta to reduce the impact of flood. Flood area will be reduced from 203 Km2 (in 2007), to only 144 Km2 (30%) Current work ongoing: Tender preparation Land acquisition and preparation for resettlement Preparation of Sludge Disposal Site, located in Ancol North Jakarta.

10 CURRENT INITIATIVES JEDI REDUCING FLOODED AREA FLOOD 2007 AFTER DREDGING Flood area 203 Km2 Flood area 144 Km2

11 CURRENT INITIATIVES EAST FLOOD CANAL BANJIR KANAL TIMUR 23.5 km Canal (flow from east to north Jakarta) with water catchment area of Ha, expected to reduce 26 spots of flood area (from before 78 spots) and prevent flood for Industrial and Residential Area in East Jakarta ( Ha). The momentum is also leveraged not only for flood control but for redeveloping and redesigning the area, increasing city green open space and supporting the supply of clean water.

12 FUTURE INITIATIVES National Capital Integrated Coastal Development (NCICD) In year 2010 In year 2030 In year x 10 6 m 2 Or 10.26% of area Below the sea x 10 6 m 2 Or 20.41% of area Below the sea Source: Study of Jakarta Coastal Defense Strategy Strategies x 10 6 m 2 Or 29.09% of area Below the sea 1.Minimise land subsidence by: Limit the ground water extraction Provide sufficient supply of raw water from surface water Develop water retention basins 2.Develop Sea Defense Wall (NATIONAL CAPITAL INTEGRATED COASTAL DEVELOPMENT/ NCICD) NATIONAL CAPITAL INTEGRATED COASTAL DEVELOPMENT

13 Stage 1(Protection until 2020): Short term coastal protection Stage 2 (Protection until 2030): Integrated sea dyke construction with new land reclamation Stage 3 (Protection beyond 2030): Construction of multi purpose sea dyke at Jakarta Bay

14 NCICD INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES 1. New land reclamation (approx. 5000ha) in between the existing coastline up to 8m depth 2. Water recreational facilities, water trasportation, fisheries, raw water reservoir, etc 1. Deep Sea Port in between the outermost dyke (dyke 3 at approx. 14m depth) and the new land reclamation dyke (dyke 2)

15 NCICD INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES 1. Access road (4 lanes) on top of the dyke along the existing coastline 2. Toll road (10 lanes) and doubletrack railway line on top of the dyke along the reclamation area. This function as connector of airport, sea port and industrial areas. 3. Toll road (10 lanes) on top of dyke at approx. 6km off shore from the existing coastline. This function as East West by pass and form part of the Merak Surabaya National Toll network

16 NCICD OFFERS INTERESTING PPP OPPORTUNITIES Coastal Defense Infrastructures and additional measures that are non profitable ( ) require public financing (Local/state budget). Investment opportunities that are profitable (+) may be funded by private sector through PPP Based on Cost Benefit Analysis, partial investment on individual project is less financially viable. However if those projects combined and integrated would result in a more attracted investment package that is strategic and financially feasible. Moreover, the Integrated Coastal Development solution not only protects the Northern Jakarta from inundation, but it also offers solution to the problems of raw water supply, river pollution and traffic congestion in the city. Flood protection combined with land reclamation, infrastructure development and urban renewal, is expected to transform Northern Jakarta into a more attractive place for investment, living and working. Coastal Protection Sea Dyke & River embankm ent Polder and Retention Pond Pump Stations Additional Measures Water supply Waste Water & Sanitati on Investment Opportunities Reclama tion Toll Road Deep Sea Port

17 CURRENT PROGRESS OF NCICD - Masterplanning Phase ( ) 1. Strategic concept review of Jakarta Coastal Defense Strategy to synchronize with other masterplans 2. Detailed concept design of coastal protection 3. Pre design, pre Feasibility Study and Strategic Environmental Analysis 4. Cost estimate, Cost Benefit Analysis, funding schemes 5. Detailed stages of development 6. Preparation of Legal Framework for NCICD Masterplan as a basis for implementation and invesment

18 CONCLUDING REMARKS 1. Jakarta is faced with environmental problems, such as deteriorated surface water quality, shortage in raw water supply, land subsidence, urban flood and tidal flood, especially in the northern Jakarta 2. Integrated Coastal Development concept offers a breakthrough solution that does not only provide protection to the north Jakarta from flooding, but also function as raw water reservoir and creates opportunities for investment in toll roads, Railway, deep sea port, land reclamation, and urban redevelopment of north Jakarta. 3. There are plenty of endeavors need to be done for the implementation of NCICD, that require stakeholders participation (community, Government and private sectors)

19 JAKARTA CAPITAL CITY ADMINISTRATION THANK YOU