Exploring Greater Numbers

Transcription

1 1 Exploring Greater Numbers Compare numbers to one million. A bumblebee can flap its wings about 200 times per second. A dragonfly can flap its wings about 38 times per second. 1. Predict how many times a dragonfly flaps its wings in 1000 s. about times I rounded 38 to 40 to estimate. 40 x 1000 = A million is a number that is 1000 thousands To estimate an answer to a problem, use numbers that are close to the values in the problem that are easier to work with. For example, if a problem involves comparing times in weeks to years, use about 50 weeks in a year. 2. About how many hours would it take for a dragonfly to flap its wings times? Show your work. A dragonfly would have to flap its wings for about s = s x 60 min = 3600 s in an hour I ll round 3600 s to 4000 s to estimate = about 6 A dragonfly would take about 6 h to flap it s wings times. 3. a) About how many times can a bumblebee flap its wings in 1000 min? In 1 min the bee flaps its wings about 200 x 60 = times. So, in 1000 min the bee flaps its wings about times. b) How many 1000 thousands is your answer in part a)? twelve 1000 thousands Copyright 2006 Nelson Answers Chapter 2: Numeration 11

2 2 Reading and Writing Numbers Read, write, and describe numbers greater than Write each number in standard and expanded form. a) Millions Hundreds Tens Hundreds Thousands Tens Hundreds Tens To read and write large numbers, we group the digits in periods. A period is a group of hundreds, tens, and ones. For example, the place value chart below shows three periods. third period second period first period Millions Thousands b) Millions Hundreds Tens Hundreds Thousands Tens Hundreds Tens Hundreds Tens Hundreds Tens Hundreds Tens Write each number as a numeral in standard form. a) four hundred forty thousand twenty-six The number modelled above is in standard form. In expanded form, the number is The number in words is three hundred eighty-four thousand four hundred. b) twenty-two thousand eight c) seven hundred thirty-one thousand three hundred five Write the words for each number. a) b) c) three hundred four thousand twenty-one thousand twelve thousand six hundred 4. The sun in our solar system takes about 240 million years to orbit once around the centre of the Milky Way galaxy. Write that number of years in standard form Answers Chapter 2: Numeration Copyright 2006 Nelson

3 3 Comparing and Ordering Numbers Compare and order numbers to Compare each pair of numbers. Use an inequality sign. a) b) c) < < < 2. Order the numbers in Question 1 from least to greatest , , , , , When comparing and ordering numbers to , compare the digits in this order: hundred thousands ten thousands one thousands hundreds tens ones You can also compare and order numbers by their positions on a number line. Inequality signs and show that one number is less than or greater than another. 3. List three numbers between and , , For example, 8 5 is read eight is greater than five. 5 8 is read five is less than eight. 4. a) The number is between and The two missing digits are different. What might they be? 0 for for b) Order the numbers from part a) from least to greatest , , Copyright 2006 Nelson Answers Chapter 2: Numeration 13

4 4 Renaming Numbers Rename numbers using place value concepts. 1. Complete each statement. a) is about 5 millions. b) is about 0.3 millions. c) is about 4000 thousands. 2. Irene takes pictures with her digital camera. The file sizes of four of her pictures are: 3.2 MB 720 kb bytes bytes a) Write the first two file sizes as a number of bytes bytes, bytes b) Estimate each file size, except for the first one, as millions of bytes or megabytes. 0.7 MB, 0.02 MB, 0.4 MB c) Which photo uses the most bytes? 3.2 MB When a number is used in a measurement, the way the number is written depends on the size of the unit. For example, bytes can be written as about 0.2 MB. 1 MB is the same as bytes. 1 kb is the same as 1000 bytes. 1.4 kb can be written as 1400 bytes MB can be written as bytes. To compare measurements, compare values using the same units. For example, if you use bytes bytes bytes 1400 bytes 3. Write each number in another form. a) 1.9 million ones b) 4.6 million 4600 thousands c) 0.28 million 2800 hundreds 14 Answers Chapter 2: Numeration Copyright 2006 Nelson

5 5 Communicate About Solving Problems Explain your thinking when solving a problem. A city produced 183 million kilograms of landfill waste in In 2004, a composting program reduced the landfill waste to 45 million kilograms. About how much less waste was taken to the landfill each day in 2004? Explain how you solved the problem. I write both values on a place value chart. Millions Hundreds Tens Hundreds Thousands Tens Hundreds Tens When writing a solution to a problem, first write a rough copy. If the problem does not ask for an exact answer, use estimation. You can use estimation or numbers that are easier to work with. Check if your answer is reasonable. Then write a good copy explaining all your steps. Remember to show all your work. The difference is 138 million. There are 365 days in a year. I divide 138 million by 365 to calculate how much less waste is taken to the landfill each day. The problem asks about how much so my answer can be an estimate. I use rounded numbers that are easy to calculate with = About kg less waste was taken to the landfill each day in Communication Checklist Did you explain your thinking? Did you use correct math language? Did you include enough detail? Copyright 2006 Nelson Answers Chapter 2: Numeration 15

6 6 Reading and Writing Decimal Thousandths Read, write, and model decimals. 1. Write each fraction as a decimal. 29 a) b) c) Colour a 1000ths grid to represent each fraction. 29 a) b) Decimal numbers can be modelled using a grid. For example, 203 thousandths can be represented as 3. Write a decimal for each number. a) fifty-two hundreths 0.52 b) fifty-two thousandths Write a decimal to fit each description. a) one-tenth less than b) one-thousandth greater than c) one-hundredth greater than Write each answer in Question 3 in expanded form. 203 thousandths is written as in standard form. In expanded form, the decimal number is 2 tenths 3 thousandths can also be written as a fraction a) 6 ones + 2 tenths + 2 thousandths c) 6 ones + 3 tenths +1 hundredth + 2 thousandths b) 6 ones + 3 tenths + 3 thousandths 6. List two fractions that are equivalent to and Answers Chapter 2: Numeration Copyright 2006 Nelson

7 7 Rounding Decimals Interpret rounded decimals and round decimals to the nearest tenth or hundredth. 1. Round each decimal to the nearest hundredth. a) c) b) d) Round each decimal to the nearest tenth. Decimal numbers can be rounded to the nearest tenth or hundredth. For example, rounds up to 0.29 (decimal hundredth) and 0.3 (decimal tenth). A number line helps with rounding a) 0.72 c) b) d) Which numbers below round to the same hundredth? and both round to Name a decimal thousandth that could be rounded as described below. a) up to 0.35 or down to b) down to 2.12 or down to Maya cut strips of fabric to make a quilted design. Each piece measured m. If she had measured to the nearest centimetre instead, what might the length of fabric be? 0.37 m Copyright 2006 Nelson Answers Chapter 2: Numeration 17

8 8 Comparing and Ordering Decimals Compare and order decimals to thousandths. 1. Which decimal is greater? a) 2.03 or 2.4 c) or b) 5.7 or 3.99 d) or Order these decimal numbers from least to greatest. a) , 0.872, 1.096, To compare and order decimal numbers to thousandths, compare the digits in this order: ones tenths hundredths thousandths You can also compare and order decimals by their positions on a number line. b) , 2.085, 2.805, Which measurement is greater? a) kg or kg kg b) km or 3567 m km c) 450 g or kg kg 4. List the numbers of the form. between 1.3 and 1.5 that are greater than 140 hundredths. 140 hundredths is the same as 1.4. The numbers greater than 1.4 are 1.41, 1.42, 1.43, 1.44, 1.45, 1.46, 1.47, 1.48, and Answers Chapter 2: Numeration Copyright 2006 Nelson

9 Test Yourself Page 1 Circle the correct answer. 1. Which statement is true? A. 1 million 100 thousands C. 1 million 1000 ten thousands B. 1 million hundreds D. 1 million 10 hundred thousands 2. Which is the expanded form for ? A B. 2 millions 5 hundred thousands 6 hundreds 84 ones C D. 2 millions 56 hundreds 84 ones 3. Which inequality is incorrect? A C B D What is the correct order of the numbers below from least to greatest? , , , , A , , , , B , , , , C , , , , D , , , , Which estimate is correct? A. 1.7 MB is about 2 million bytes. C bytes is about 300 kb. B. 0.4 kb is about 1 thousand bytes. D bytes is about 1 MB. 6. Which description fits for the number ? A. eighty-seven thousand sixty-four B. eight hundred seven thousand sixty-four C. eight hundred seven thousand six hundred forty D. eighty-seven thousand six hundred forty Copyright 2006 Nelson Answers Chapter 2: Numeration 19

10 Test Yourself Page 2 7. Which math statement is incorrect? 52 A C B D Which decimal represents the fraction 1 000? A B C D Which fraction represents the decimal 0.403? A. B C D Which numbers below round to the same hundredth? A , 4.806, C , 4.811, B , 4.811, D , 4.806, Which number would be rounded to the nearest tenth? A. 2.0 C. 2.5 B. 2.1 D What is the order of the numbers below from least to greatest? 1.804, 2.053, 1.692, 0.982, A , 1.804, 1.086, 1.692, C , 1.086, 1.692, 1.804, B , 1.086, 1.804, 1.692, D , 1.692, 1.804, 1.086, Answers Chapter 2: Numeration Copyright 2006 Nelson