The Swiss Cadastral System in the Digital Age

Transcription

1 , 2015 Swiss The Swiss Cadastral System in the Digital Age Dr. Daniel Steudler Table of content Switzerland size, shape, structures Cadastral system legal basis, basic principles, conceptual elements Organisation cadastral system, cadastral surveying Challenges 2 1

2 , 2015 Basic Cadastral Dimensions SWITZERLAND 41,290 km million people ~4.0 million parcels 26 cantons ~2,320 municipalities 3 Federated Country with 26 Cantons Cantons maintain political and administrative bodies on their own 4 2

3 , 2015 and 2,324 Municipalities Cantons are further divided into municipalities Principle of Subsidiarity 5 Four official languages G e r m a n F r e n c h R o m a n s h I t a l i a n 6 3

4 , 2015 Table of content Switzerland size, shape, structures Cadastral system legal basis, basic principles, conceptual elements Organisation cadastral system, cadastral surveying Challenges 7 Basic Principles (Swiss Civil Code, 1912) No ownership without registration (art. 656) No registration without surveying (art. 950) No surveying without boundary definition (art. 669) Title registration system Title guaranteed by the government 8 4

5 , 2015 "Traditional" cadastral system Cadastral Surveying Land Register main book auxiliary registers (in particular the list of property owners) deeds (records and evidences) description of properties day book 9 New legislation Ordinance on cadastral surveying (1993) The data of cadastral surveying shall serve as basis for the establishment and the operation of land information systems and shall be suited for public and private purposes. Act on Geoinformation (2008) a uniform legal basis for all land information based on the various federal decrees incl. cadastral surveying, national surveying (topographic mapping), national geology, and the new cadastre for public-law restrictions on landownership rights (PLR-Cadastre) 10 5

6 , 2015 "Amended" cadastral system Real estate guaranteed by restricted by Public-Law Restriction in Swiss Cadastre PL-Restriction Institution, stakeholder textual information spatial data, geoinformation Spatial Data Infrastructure Cantonal and municipal use planning Land-use planning Dept. Project zones Construction lines Project zones Construction lines Project zones Construction lines Aerial obstacles Hazardous waste National Highway Dept. Railways Airport authority Environmental Dept. Ground water protection zones Water Management Ground water protection perimeters Noise levels Environmental Dept. Forest delimitation (in constr. zones) Forest distance lines Forest Dept. Land registry, cadastre National government State government Local government 12 6

7 , 2015 Conceptual elements of digital cadastral surveying Clear definition of the product Freedom of methods and systems (as basis for tendering) Independent information layers (link between layers only through geographic location) Standardized way of data description and data transfer (INTERLIS) ili itf 13 Table of content Switzerland size, shape, structures Cadastral system legal basis, basic principles, conceptual elements Organisation cadastral system, cadastral surveying Challenges 14 7

8 , 2015 Organisations involved in cadastral system Government Federal Level Licensing Commission for Surveyors Dept. for Defence, Civil Protection and Sports Federal Office of Topography swisstopo Federal Directorate of Cadastral Surveying Dept. of Justice and Police Federal Office of Justice Office for Land Registry and Real Estate Law Cantonal Level Cantonal Surveying Offices Cantonal Governments Cantonal and Regional Land Registry Offices Municipality Level Private Licensed Land Surveying Offices Surveying Offices Municipal Daniel Steudler, 7 Sept Private Notary Offices Organisation of cadastral surveying Level Organisation Tasks Confederation Agreements Federal Directorate of Cadastral Surveying approx. 15 employees Supervision, strategic management Canton Cantonal Surveying Offices Operational management Municipality Contracts approx. 210 employees ~230 Private Land Surveying Offices ~15 City Surveying Offices Execution approx. 2,900 employees 16 8

9 , 2015 Public-Private Partnership in Swiss Cadastral Surveying No. of staff active in cadastral surveying: 3,150 federal and cantonal administration: 6.7% other public sector offices: 5.7% private sector offices: 87.6% Public Sector legislation (Federal and cantonal level) financing structure setting standards supervision co-ordination verification Two Partners!!! Private Sector production maintenance service to clients innovation 17 Public Sector: Controlling System Strategic Planning Action Plan (Confederation) Implementation Plans (26 Cantons) Programme Agreements Annual Agreements Realization Realization Realization Annual Reports Annual Reports Annual Reports 18 9

10 , 2015 Public Sector: Annual Reports Digital Data: Completion status in the Cantons 19 Table of content Switzerland size, shape, structures Cadastral system legal basis, basic principles, conceptual elements Organisation cadastral system, cadastral surveying Challenges 20 10

11 , 2015 Challenges legal basis on federal level allows for amendments by cantonal regulations inhomogeneous data with 26 cantonal specialities clients that need data across the whole country will have to talk and negotiate with 26 data owners co-financing (federal subsidy for initial survey: 15% - 45%) also means a right to say joint responsibility is not always helpful for planning and management 21 Institutional issues incomplete coverage: is a primary target in the strategy of cadastral surveying for many years lack of financial resources of the cantons and municipalities majority of problems can be traced back to the fact that cadastral surveying is organized as a joint responsibility between the federal and cantonal levels, with distributed management tasks the federalist, decentralized system certainly has advantages, but it needs fine-tuning 22 11